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<document id="4320AAFEDFB25C833F3EF7BCA886ED9F" ID-CLB-Dataset="58037" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7917369" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4444b27b-f35b-4d82-963c-8210d6778af0" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917369" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683577811687" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Shamshev, Igor V. &amp; Sinclair, Bradley J." docDate="2006" docId="039D87A4FFBED25F489937E12CB3FB65" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.47.1.335–346.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 47" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Schistostoma kalkgat Shamshev &amp; Sinclair 2006, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="343" masterDocId="FFA4FFDCFFB8D257495636772D3CFF82" masterDocTitle="The genus Schistostoma Becker from southern Africa, with an evaluation of its generic status (Diptera: Dolichopodidae s. l.: Microphorinae)" masterLastPageNumber="346" masterPageNumber="335" pageNumber="341" updateTime="1699515398859" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="4FFE648AD35D5D0584A136375C325FE0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0EB2CA641C6EFDAA3F80E2155C7FD4A5">The genus Schistostoma Becker from southern Africa, with an evaluation of its generic status (Diptera: Dolichopodidae s. l.: Microphorinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C269D3F6897998E50D813E3AD4FB96A5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A4E0D8179C04C0D904DA821F45A05CC2">Shamshev, Igor V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D4186FB0B91BCE68F4B68C3DE5404BF8">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DDC802AAA6789E447B6BE6C7507101BE">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C34D5AD7EBF71F53F3CBBC3C6CA4FE9C">
<mods:date id="F6A3D2BD09B95E7B73D39C8EAD7D6A2D">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9A5F365508C068E5BD885213A2B7CE74" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="69ACBC8217C087FEE81607A2F1C3D89C">2006-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="56B5143F6F3AFF428E0F4F8522F233D1">47</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D68E3153F50063F1C781B27DA3F56FF4">335</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5B36FA77BBC57FFC931EA7D71D466CF7">346</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E505784FF86742086E4BE48F09573050">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B64377C41DE257B4A063E49650FBF541" type="CLB-Dataset">58037</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="140D616C3F47096F58005C0A0DABA2CF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7917369</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9911384372D450FA31E718A6AEF56A23" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039D87A4FFBED25F489937E12CB3FB65" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910689" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209589580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7910689" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87A4FFBED25F489937E12CB3FB65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A4FFBED25F489937E12CB3FB65" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="343" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<subSubSection id="C32E6539FFBED251489937E12E2CFE2D" box="[463,784,406,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED251489937E12E2CFE2D" blockId="6.[463,784,406,431]" box="[463,784,406,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<heading id="D0C381DEFFBED251489937E12E2CFE2D" box="[463,784,406,431]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C344D31FFBED251489937E12FF1FE2D" ID-CoL="4V9JW" authority="Shamshev &amp; Sinclair, 2006" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Sinclair" authorityYear="2006" box="[463,717,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Schistostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalkgat" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFBED251489937E12FF1FE2D" bold="true" box="[463,717,406,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Schistostoma kalkgat</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27357DBFFBED2514B8237E12E2CFE2D" box="[724,784,406,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6539FFBED25F4B1937B62CB3FB65" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="343" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED2514B1937B62FACFE58" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" box="[591,656,449,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<figureCitation id="130F2A37FFBED2514B1937B62FACFE58" box="[591,656,449,474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[181,214,1047,1067]" captionTargetBox="[205,1102,204,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-255@7.[192,1152,193,1042]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Schistostoma kalkgat sp. n.: (A) Hypopygium, right lateral view; (B) Hypopygium, hypandrium and cercus removed, left lateral view, (C) Hypandrium, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cerc – cercus; epand – epandrium; ej apod – ejaculatory apodeme; hypd – hypandrium; pgt – postgonite; ph – phallus; sur – surstylus. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149C6379E2C45FDA0" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Etymology: The new species is a noun in apposition, named after the farm where the trap was established.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149C634462DF0FD28" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Diagnosis: Hind tibia somewhat tapered toward apex, bearing 1 row of dorsal bristles on apical half with 3 or 4 subapicals long and strong. Mid tibia with dorsal subapical spinule-like setae, tuft of similar ventral setae before excision and ventral spinules at apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149C634CE2C27FD50" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" box="[144,283,697,722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149C634962DECFD78" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" box="[144,208,737,762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFBED25149C634962DF6FD7B" box="[144,202,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Male</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149C6357E2C15FBC0" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Body black in ground-colour. Eyes holoptic, upper ommatidia considerably enlarged, border between upper and lower ommatidia distinct, ommatrichia present, distinct. Occiput yellowish grey pollinose, clothed with brownish yellow bristles, with some pale hairs on lower part; almost bare on upper part, except postoculars. Ocellars missing. Antenna black; pedicel ringed with circlet of subequally short subapical setae; postpedicel short conical, 2.3 times longer than wide, pubescent with microtrichia; style partly missing. Proboscis long, somewhat longer than head height, apparently directed forward, labrum largely yellowish brown, paler proximally. Palpus black, elongate ovate, considerably shorter than labrum, pubescent with microtrichia and bearing scattered black setulae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25149FC323E2FDAFA20" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Thorax largely greyish pollinose, mainly with yellowish brown setation; subshining in some views, with 2 darker subshining (viewed dorsally) vittae down dorsocentral rows; pleurae somewhat paler pollinose (bristles mostly lost during processing malaise trap material). Prothoracic episterna with 1 yellowish bristle.Postpronotal bristle missing, postpronotal lobe with 6 subequally long pale bristly hairs. Mesonotum with 1 presutural supra-alar surrounded by additional shorter and paler bristly hairs, 2 notopleural bristles, accompanied by additional shorter bristly hairs varying in number and position, 2 or 3 short postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar (missing) and 4 scutellar (3 missing) bristles. Acrostichals arranged in 2 regular rows (at least in anterior part of scutum, otherwise missing), moderately long. Dorsocentrals irregularly biserial in anterior part of scutum, otherwise missing, subequal in length to acrostichals.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBED25049FC33DE2F89FA44" blockId="6.[144,1104,449,1666]" lastBlockId="7.[181,1142,1165,1670]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Legs almost wholly brownish, with intermixed pale to black setation; femora somewhat darker, knees, extreme apex of femora and extreme base of tibiae paler (especially on fore legs); largely greyish pollinose, hind femur broadly shining posteriorly. Coxae and trochanters with ordinary brownish preapical yellow bristly hairs. Fore femur slender, with some longer posterodorsal bristles, bearing short posteroventral setae (subapicals longer). Fore tibia simple, with inconspicuous setation. Fore tarsus unmodified, with simple setation. Mid femur with moderately long yellow posteroventral bristles, similar antero- and posterodorsal bristles (especially apically), bearing 1 long anterior bristle near middle. Mid tibia modified, somewhat curved and more stout on apical third, with shallow ventral excision near apex, bearing some black dorsal subapical spinule-like setae, tuft of similar ventral spinule-like setae before excision and some ventral spinules at apex. Mid tarsus unmodified, tarsomere 1 with 1 long ventral bristle near base. Hind femur slender, with 1 row of mainly equally short anteroventral bristles (3 or 4 subapical bristles longer) and 1 row of rather long dorsal bristles. Hind tibia somewhat tapered toward apex, with 1 row of black dorsal bristles in apical half (3 or 4 subapicals long and strong), covered with dense appressed setulae posteriorly near apex. Hind tarsus unmodified, with simple setation.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4B663AFFBFD25049E332602F95FBF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" startId="7.[181,214,1047,1067]" targetBox="[205,1102,204,1011]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBFD25049E332602F95FBF1" blockId="7.[181,1142,1047,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
Fig. 3.
<taxonomicName id="4C344D31FFBFD25049A232602C8FFBA9" authority="Shamshev &amp; Sinclair, 2006" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Sinclair" authorityYear="2006" box="[244,435,1047,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Schistostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalkgat" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFBFD25049A232602C8FFBA9" box="[244,435,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Schistostoma kalkgat</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27357DBFFBFD25048EE32602CD6FBA9" box="[440,490,1047,1067]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: (A) Hypopygium, right lateral view; (B) Hypopygium, hypandrium and cercus removed, left lateral view, (C) Hypandrium, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cerc – cercus; epand – epandrium; ej apod – ejaculatory apodeme; hypd – hypandrium; pgt – postgonite; ph – phallus; sur – surstylus. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFBFD250498633BA2C93F904" blockId="7.[181,1142,1165,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
Wing (length
<quantity id="4CCC9B57FFBFD250483833BA2CFAFA64" box="[366,454,1485,1510]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
) hyaline, with brownish normally sclerotised veins, covered with uniform microtrichia. Basal costal bristle moderately long, brownish yellow. All veins complete. Costa with short setulae along anterior margin, distinct throughout; upper surface with distinct dorsal spinulae. Stigma brownish yellow, positioned along costa between veins Sc and R
<subScript id="17B034F7FFBFD2504B5530292F37F9EE" attach="left" box="[515,523,1630,1644]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">1</subScript>
. Squama pale brownish, pale hairs. Halter with yellow knob and brown stem.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49FC36B92ED6FDE5" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
Abdomen with tergites concolorous with mesonotum, clothed with pale to brownish bristly hairs longer laterally; sternites with scattered short hairs. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="130F2A37FFB0D25F4D4836992DE4FEA5" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[181,214,1047,1067]" captionTargetBox="[205,1102,204,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-255@7.[192,1152,193,1042]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Schistostoma kalkgat sp. n.: (A) Hypopygium, right lateral view; (B) Hypopygium, hypandrium and cercus removed, left lateral view, (C) Hypandrium, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cerc – cercus; epand – epandrium; ej apod – ejaculatory apodeme; hypd – hypandrium; pgt – postgonite; ph – phallus; sur – surstylus. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917375/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
): Epandrium with pair of slender, finger-like dorsal lobes (part of surstylus), bearing some setulae, mostly straight; right lamella oblong, left lamella quadrate. Left ventral surstylus with digitiform extension; apex with toothed margin; right surstylus broadly expanded and rounded apically. Hypandrium fused basally to each epandrial lamella; prolonged and distinctly tapered anteriorly, bearing pair of apical setae, less than one-third length of hypandrium; apex one-fourth of basal width of hypandrium. Phallus sickle-shaped with hooked tip. Postgonite arising from pair of hypandrial arms which fuse above base of phallus, articulated to subepandrial sclerite and phallus; right postgonite shorter than surstylus, tapered apically; left surstylus broadly rounded apically, longer than right surstylus, arched medially and slightly ventrally beneath phallus, base of postgonite strongly recurved. Cercus short, bilobed, bearing several setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49C634012DD7FD0D" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" box="[144,235,630,655]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F49C634012DD8FD0C" box="[144,228,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Female</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49C634E92F38FC95" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
Similar to male, except as follows: Eyes dichoptic, ommatidia uniform, bare. Frons broad, with rather short marginal setae. Mid and hind tibiae unmodified, mid tarsomere 1 with simple setation. Wing length
<quantity id="4CCC9B57FFB0D25F4B4A34A92F48FD75" box="[540,628,734,759]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
. Abdomen with somewhat shorter setation. Terminalia enclosed in abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49C635532C88FCEA" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
<typeStatus id="548F8810FFB0D25F49C635532DD5FCBA" box="[144,233,804,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ơ ‘S.AFR:West CapeProv./ Knersvlakte (east of/ Vanrhynsdorp) Farm/ Kalkgat Noord’; ‘
<geoCoordinate id="EE005075FFB0D25F4D1635532DD5FCD2" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-31.125">
S 31
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F49F0354D2D93FCD3" box="[166,175,826,849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">°</emphasis>
07'30&quot;
</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="EE005075FFB0D25F49A3354B2C5FFCD2" box="[245,355,826,849]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" precision="15" seconds="30" value="18.925">
E 18
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F484B354D2C1AFCD3" box="[285,294,826,849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">°</emphasis>
55'30&quot;
</geoCoordinate>
; malaise/
<date id="FF8A1072FFB0D25F48ED354B2F01FCD2" box="[443,573,828,848]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" value="2000-09-20" valueMax="2000-09-27" valueMin="2000-09-20">20–27.ix.2000</date>
/ U. Schmiedel leg.’; ‘
<typeStatus id="548F8810FFB0D25F4BA8354B2E45FCD2" box="[766,889,828,848]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C344D31FFB0D25F4AD2354A2EC0FCD3" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1902" box="[900,1020,829,849]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Schistostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F4AD2354A2EC0FCD3" box="[900,1020,829,849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Schistostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C344D31FFB0D25F4D51354A2976FCD3" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Sinclair" authorityYear="2006" box="[1031,1098,829,849]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Schistostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalkgat">
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F4D51354A2976FCD3" box="[1031,1098,829,849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">kalkgat</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Shamshev &amp; Sinclair’ (NMSA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49C6351B2F68FC02" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" box="[144,596,876,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
<materialsCitation id="3B5C3CEFFFB0D25F49C6351B2F6CFC02" box="[144,592,876,896]" collectionCode="NMSA" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="548F8810FFB0D25F49C6351B2DDFFC02" box="[144,227,876,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: ^with same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="ED25AE77FFB0D25F4B55351B2F76FC02" box="[515,586,876,896]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36B2FFB0D25F49C635F92CB3FB65" blockId="8.[144,1104,206,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
Distribution and seasonal occurrence: This species is known only from
<collectingRegion id="49F0F850FFB0D25F4AFB35F92977FC25" box="[941,1099,910,935]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3237622FFB0D25F49C635D92C1CFC45" box="[144,288,942,967]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, collected at the end of September. The
<typeStatus id="548F8810FFB0D25F4B8C35D92E36FC45" box="[730,778,942,967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">type</typeStatus>
locality is in the Knersvlakte of southern Namaqualand, a region that receives reliable winter rainfall (May to August) of between 100 and
<quantity id="4CCC9B57FFB0D25F482E35992CEAFB85" box="[376,470,1006,1031]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="175.0">175 mm</quantity>
(Cowling
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F4B0635992FBFFB84" box="[592,643,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">et al</emphasis>
. 1999;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B43FFB0D25F4B8C3599292CFB85" author="SCHMIEDEL, U. &amp; JURGENS, N." box="[730,1040,1006,1031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" pagination="57 - 69" refId="ref5962" refString="SCHMIEDEL, U. &amp; JURGENS, N. 1999. Community structure on unusual habitat islands: quartz-fields in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Plant Ecology 142: 57 - 69." type="journal article" year="1999">Schmiedel &amp; Jürgens 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The Knersvlakte is one of three centres of plant endemism in Namaqualand (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B43FFB0D25F4A9932792C24FBC5" author="COWLING, R. &amp; PIERCE, S." pageId="8" pageNumber="343" refId="ref5659" refString="COWLING, R. &amp; PIERCE, S. 1999. Namaqualand - a succulent desert. Vlaeberg: Fernwood Press." type="book" year="1999">Cowling &amp; Pierce 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The region consists of a rolling coastal plain, bordered in the west by the Atlantic Ocean, the Hardeveld uplands to the north and the
<collectingRegion id="49F0F850FFB0D25F4A7A32392E5AFBE5" box="[812,870,1102,1127]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Cape</collectingRegion>
Fold Belt in the east (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B43FFB0D25F49C132192CEFFB05" author="SCHMIEDEL, U. &amp; JURGENS, N." box="[151,467,1134,1159]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" pagination="57 - 69" refId="ref5962" refString="SCHMIEDEL, U. &amp; JURGENS, N. 1999. Community structure on unusual habitat islands: quartz-fields in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Plant Ecology 142: 57 - 69." type="journal article" year="1999">Schmiedel &amp; Jürgens 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The major vegetation surrounding the
<typeStatus id="548F8810FFB0D25F4AF332192EE9FB05" box="[933,981,1134,1159]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">type</typeStatus>
locality is Lowland Succulent Karoo, a dwarf succulent and species-rich shrubland (Cowling
<emphasis id="B940EAA0FFB0D25F4D6D32F92D9AFB44" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">et al</emphasis>
. 1999). The material was collected in Malaise traps as a part of the BIOTA Southern Africa Project (
<figureCitation id="130F2A37FFB0D25F486B32B92CBEFB65" box="[317,386,1230,1255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[143,176,809,829]" captionTargetBox="[159,1094,205,794]" captionTargetId="figure-376@10.[159,1094,205,794]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Acacia Karoo stand on the farm Kalkgat Noord (C. kalkgat type locality), in the north-eastern Knersvlakte, October 2000. Photograph by Ute Schmiedel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917379/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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