499 lines
62 KiB
XML
499 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="107574C619E9A5933DDB9F4E030C7917">Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0120E9364FF8FA67FE13B1F9" authority="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe, 2021" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[203,398,1509,1533]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0120E9364FF8FA67FE13B1F9" bold="true" box="[203,398,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="57">Crocidura baletei</emphasis>
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,
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“dark lea”
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<treatmentCitation id="0A82241F0120E9364E79F90DFDF7B2A3" author="Esselstyn, J. A. & A. S. Achmadi & H. Handika & T. C. Giarla & K. C. Rowe" box="[330,618,1679,1704]" page="1715" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" year="2019">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB27FFF0120E9364E79F90DFDF7B2A3" author="Esselstyn, J. A. & A. S. Achmadi & H. Handika & T. C. Giarla & K. C. Rowe" box="[330,618,1679,1704]" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" pagination="1713 - 1725" refId="ref57055" refString="Esselstyn, J. A., A. S. Achmadi, H. Handika, T. C. Giarla, and K. C. Rowe. 2019. A new climbing shrew from Sulawesi highlights the tangled taxonomy of an endemic radiation. Journal of Mammalogy 100: 1713 - 1725." type="journal article" year="2019">Esselstyn et al., 2019: 1715</bibRefCitation>
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. Informal name.
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on
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.
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), a fluid-preserved body, and frozen tissues.
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measurements from the
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are:
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×
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×
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×
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=
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.
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voucher and a tissue sample will be permanently curated at
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, with another tissue sample retained by
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.
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:
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,
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,
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,
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,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50120E9364C44FAA6FBA0B138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180120E9334FF8FA67FBA8B17B:8EFC54D50120E9364C44FAA6FBA0B138" box="[887,1085,1316,1340]" country="Indonesia" county="Toli Toli" municipality="Galang" name="Malangga Selatan" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Sulawesi Tengah">Malangga Selatan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50120E9364B78FAA7FB25B138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180120E9334FF8FA67FBA8B17B:8EFC54D50120E9364B78FAA7FB25B138" box="[1099,1208,1316,1340]" country="Indonesia" county="Toli Toli" municipality="Galang" name="Mt. Dako" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Sulawesi Tengah">Mt. Dako</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90120E9364D9FFAC7FCBAB159" box="[684,807,1349,1373]" degrees="1.10607" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" precision="1" value="1.10607">1.10607° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90120E9364C00FAC7FC5EB159" box="[819,963,1349,1373]" degrees="120.93853" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" precision="1" value="120.93853">120.93853° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0120E9364CE3FAC7FBB9B159" box="[976,1060,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850120E9364DFFFAE5FC33B2CD" pageId="57" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0120E9364DFFFAE5FC33B2CD" blockId="57.[684,1212,985,1737]" pageId="57" pageNumber="57">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of Danilo S. Balete, an accomplished mammal systematist who passed away much too early in 2017. Danny, as he is known, was a tireless collector, whose years of field research in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334429E0120E9364B0DFA69FB21B207" box="[1086,1212,1515,1539]" name="Philippines" pageId="57" pageNumber="57">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
built the kind of museum collections needed for comprehensive catalogs of biodiversity. Without the focused, long-term efforts of people like Danny, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5498BCAC0120E9364C9BF9EDFC47B283" box="[936,986,1647,1671]" pageId="57" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of comprehensive taxonomic research we are attempting here would not be possible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5C52860123E9354F5BFA10FF31B1E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788885/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="58" startId="58.[104,146,1426,1450]" targetBox="[104,1608,442,1398]" targetPageId="58">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0123E9354F5BFA10FF31B1E2" blockId="58.[104,1608,1425,1510]" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">
|
||
FIG. 28. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula:
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354D88FA2DFD49B1CD" bold="true" box="[699,724,1455,1481]" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0123E9354DEAFA2DFC42B1CD" authority=", LSUMZ" authorityName="LSUMZ" box="[729,991,1455,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="58" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354DEAFA2DFC1EB1CD" box="[729,899,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">Crocidura baletei</emphasis>
|
||
, LSUMZ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
36959;
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354B1FFA2DFBDFB1CD" bold="true" box="[1068,1090,1455,1481]" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0123E9354B7BFA2DFB40B1CD" authority=", LSUMZ" authorityName="LSUMZ" box="[1096,1245,1455,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="58" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354B7BFA2DFB1DB1CD" box="[1096,1152,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
, LSUMZ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
38262; and
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354A66FA2DFAF0B1CD" bold="true" box="[1365,1389,1455,1481]" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0123E9354A40FA2DF9D5B1CD" authority=", LSUMZ" authorityName="LSUMZ" box="[1395,1608,1455,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="58" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0123E9354A40FA2DFA71B1CD" box="[1395,1516,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="58">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
, LSUMZ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
39272.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5C52860122E9344F5FFB64FF09B15C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788887" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788887/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="59" startId="59.[108,150,1254,1278]" targetBox="[104,1610,589,1228]" targetPageId="59">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0122E9344F5FFB64FF09B15C" blockId="59.[108,1613,1254,1368]" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">
|
||
FIG. 29. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are not from the northern peninsula:
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344B19FA81FBDFB119" bold="true" box="[1066,1090,1283,1309]" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0122E9344B7BFA81FAC9B119" authority=", FMNH" authorityName="FMNH" box="[1096,1364,1283,1309]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="59" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344B7BFA81FB62B119" box="[1096,1279,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">Crocidura levicula</emphasis>
|
||
, FMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
213271;
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344A9CFA81FA58B119" bold="true" box="[1455,1477,1283,1309]" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0122E9344AF8FA81FF2BB13E" authority=", FMNH" authorityName="FMNH" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="59" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediocris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344AF8FA81F9DAB119" box="[1483,1607,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">C. mediocris</emphasis>
|
||
, FMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
210566; and
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344E70FAA2FEC7B13E" bold="true" box="[323,346,1312,1338]" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0122E9344E53FAA2FE61B13E" authority=", MVZ" authorityName="MVZ" box="[352,508,1312,1338]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="59" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0122E9344E53FAA2FE2AB13E" box="[352,439,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="59">C. parva</emphasis>
|
||
, MVZ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
237583. Where two scale bars are present within a panel, the upper applies to the foot and the lower to the tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850125E9334FBFFF60FF64B682" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0125E9334FBFFF60FF64B682" blockId="60.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
|
||
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Apparently endemic to montane forests of the north-west area of endemism. We recorded this species only on Mts. Dako and Buliohuto (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334EF0FEC7FD91B559" box="[451,524,325,349]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[110,152,1054,1075]" captionTargetId="graphics-333@53.[275,1045,225,1023]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 25. Map of Sulawesi showing localities sampled for shrews. Colored areas enclose localities with known records of members of the Small-Bodied Group of Sulawesi Crocidura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789154/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) at elevations around 1600 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0125E9334E58FEE4FE23B579" box="[363,446,358,382]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334D6AFEE4FF17B59B" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[104,146,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[104,1603,469,1356]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@31.[188,1530,466,1251]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 13. Elevational records of all species of Crocidura known from Sulawesi. Each point represents a specimen. For specimens associated with a minimum and maximum elevation, we used the center of the given elevational range. Sample sizes are given above the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788859/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Our sampling efforts at lower elevations (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0125E9334F40FE2AFF6EB5C4" box="[115,243,424,448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">400–600 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334E32FE2AFEA4B5C4" box="[257,313,424,448]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[104,144,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[154,1560,554,1286]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@14.[240,1538,326,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 3. Plot of the elevational distribution of samples from each of the 12 mountains that comprise the bulk of specimens we examined. Each point represents the median elevation of a specimen we examined. The sample distribution from Mt. Gandang Dewata includes specimens from Salu Tiwo (~200 m). The number of specimens used from each mountain is given above the x-axis and the peak elevation of each mountain is shown on the x-axis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788841/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) on both mountains did not find this species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50125E9334E18FE4BFEE5B5E5" box="[299,376,457,481]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="27.[611,691,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[117,1200,329,1675]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 3 Elevational Ranges (m) and Species Richness of Crocidura on Mountains of Sulawesia" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A">table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Surveys in the mountains west and south of Mt. Dako (i.e., the base of the northern peninsula) and east of Mt. Buliohuto are needed to draw firmer conclusions regarding the geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334D72FDCCFF6EB682" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334D72FDCCFF6EB682" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Crocidura baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850125E9334FBFFD12FE26B15A" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0125E9334FBFFD12FE26B15A" blockId="60.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334E27FD0DFE52B6A3" box="[276,463,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334E27FD0DFE52B6A3" box="[276,463,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Crocidura baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very small shrew (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50125E9334F88FD32FE8CB6CD" box="[187,273,688,713]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50125E9334E2EFD33FEB6B6CD" box="[285,299,689,713]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="56.[609,689,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[117,1198,358,1166]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="TABLE 8 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Small-Bodied Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860121E9374D52FF60FC1DB540" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="DF5C52860121E9374D52FF60FC1DB540">8</tableCitation>
|
||
) with a brown pelage and skin color, where exposed. Overall, this species is quite uniform in color, with the feet, pinnae, and tail matching the surrounding fur. The venter and dorsum are similarly colored. The pinnae are, however, paler around their lower margin. The mystacial vibrissae are pigmented for about the proximal half of their length, but unpigmented distally. The color of the digits is only slightly paler than that of the rest of the foot (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334D6BFC58FF00B017" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[104,146,1261,1285]" captionTargetBox="[104,1615,582,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-102@55.[104,1616,582,1234]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 27. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula: A, Crocidura baletei, LSUMZ 36959 (right hind foot); B, C. lea, LSUMZ 38254 (left hind foot); and C, C. tenebrosa, LSUMZ 39268 (right hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. Within each panel, the upper bar applies to the foot and the lower bar corresponds to both tail images." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788883/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 27A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tail length is shorter than head-and-body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334FF2FB9EFF67B030" box="[193,250,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50125E9334E36FB9EFED0B030" box="[261,333,1052,1076]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) and bristles are present for approximately three-fourths of tail length. Small, applied hairs are present on the tail, but difficult to see with the naked eye. The skull is short, particularly the rostral portion, relative to the overall body size of the species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334E94FB40FE6FB0DE" box="[423,498,1218,1242]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="58.[104,146,1426,1450]" captionTargetBox="[104,1608,442,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-10@58.[104,1608,442,1398]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIG. 28. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula:A, Crocidura baletei, LSUMZ 36959; B, C. lea, LSUMZ 38262; and C, C. tenebrosa, LSUMZ 39272." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788885/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relative to skull length, the skull is broad overall, especially at the braincase (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334E10FA86FEF4B118" box="[291,361,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). On the upper dentition, I3 (U2) and C (U3) are subequal and the parastyle of P4 is modest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334E67FAC4FE32B15A" box="[340,431,1350,1374]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="58.[104,146,1426,1450]" captionTargetBox="[104,1608,442,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-10@58.[104,1608,442,1398]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIG. 28. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula:A, Crocidura baletei, LSUMZ 36959; B, C. lea, LSUMZ 38262; and C, C. tenebrosa, LSUMZ 39272." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788885/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 28A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850125E9334FBFFAE5FC10B093" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0125E9334FBFFAE5FC10B093" blockId="60.[108,637,226,1738]" lastBlockId="60.[684,1214,226,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
|
||
COMPARISONS: This shrew is much smaller than all other
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC0125E9334E38FA0AFEF5B1A4" box="[267,360,1416,1440]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334E43FA0AFE46B1A4" box="[368,475,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334E43FA0AFE46B1A4" box="[368,475,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside of the Small-Bodied Group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334E52FA2BFE00B1C5" box="[353,413,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Within the Small- Bodied Group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334E2FFA48FEC3B1E6" box="[284,350,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
C.
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334E0CFA48FEC3B1E6" box="[319,350,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334EA8FA49FDBEB1E6" box="[411,547,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334EA8FA49FDBEB1E6" box="[411,547,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the only other taxa known from the northern peninsula. Among the tiny shrews of the northern peninsula,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334FD5F9ACFED0B241" box="[230,333,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334FD5F9ACFED0B241" box="[230,333,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334EBAF9ACFD92B241" box="[393,527,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334EBAF9ACFD92B241" box="[393,527,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more uniform in color than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334E48F9CDFE22B262" box="[379,447,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334E48F9CDFE22B262" box="[379,447,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334D23F9CDFDE1B262" box="[528,636,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334D23F9CDFDE1B262" box="[528,636,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being paler (medium brown) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334EC6F9F2FDE1B283" box="[501,636,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334EC6F9F2FDE1B283" box="[501,636,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(dark brown).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334E3CF912FE3FB2AC" box="[271,418,1680,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334E3CF912FE3FB2AC" box="[271,418,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Crocidura lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a paler integument, wherever it is exposed, and it is more strongly bicolored than either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B33FF60FBFBB4FE" box="[1024,1126,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B33FF60FBFBB4FE" box="[1024,1126,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(somewhat darker) or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C40FE81FB9DB51F" box="[883,1024,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C40FE81FB9DB51F" box="[883,1024,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(much darker). Dorsally, the feet of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334CF9FEA6FBADB538" box="[970,1072,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334CF9FEA6FBADB538" box="[970,1072,292,316]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B5AFEA6FD7BB559" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B5AFEA6FD7BB559" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are uniformly dark, whereas the foot color transitions posteriorly from brown at the heel to white or pink digits in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C9EFE05FC74B59B" box="[941,1001,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C9EFE05FC74B59B" box="[941,1001,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similarly, the tails of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C36FE2AFCF6B5C4" box="[773,875,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C36FE2AFCF6B5C4" box="[773,875,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C90FE2AFBB5B5C4" box="[931,1064,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C90FE2AFBB5B5C4" box="[931,1064,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not obviously bicolored, and both are darker. Tail bristles are present on approximately three-fourths of the tail length in all three species, but they are much more abundant and longer on the tails of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B59FDAFFD5AB661" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B59FDAFFD5AB661" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C39FDCCFC0AB661" box="[778,919,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C39FDCCFC0AB661" box="[778,919,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B34FDCCFBD6B661" box="[1031,1099,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B34FDCCFBD6B661" box="[1031,1099,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334B53FDCFFB32B661" box="[1120,1199,589,613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[104,146,1261,1285]" captionTargetBox="[104,1615,582,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-102@55.[104,1616,582,1234]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 27. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula: A, Crocidura baletei, LSUMZ 36959 (right hind foot); B, C. lea, LSUMZ 38254 (left hind foot); and C, C. tenebrosa, LSUMZ 39268 (right hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. Within each panel, the upper bar applies to the foot and the lower bar corresponds to both tail images." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788883/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Applied hairs on the tail are also more visible in the two new species than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334CD1FD12FB83B6A3" box="[994,1054,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334CD1FD12FB83B6A3" box="[994,1054,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Tail length in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334D9EFD33FC88B6CC" box="[685,789,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334D9EFD33FC88B6CC" box="[685,789,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B74FD33FB15B6CC" box="[1095,1160,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B74FD33FB15B6CC" box="[1095,1160,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but substantially longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334CD1FD50FBFBB6EE" box="[994,1126,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334CD1FD50FBFBB6EE" box="[994,1126,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334B45FD50FB2DB6EE" box="[1142,1200,722,746]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). On the hind foot, the thenar pad is wider and more prominent than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334CF0FC96FB9FB728" box="[963,1026,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334CF0FC96FB9FB728" box="[963,1026,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but comparable to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C2EFCB7FC3FB749" box="[797,930,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C2EFCB7FC3FB749" box="[797,930,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334C83FCB7FC67B749" box="[944,1018,821,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[104,146,1261,1285]" captionTargetBox="[104,1615,582,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-102@55.[104,1616,582,1234]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 27. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the three members of the Small-Bodied Group that are from the northern peninsula: A, Crocidura baletei, LSUMZ 36959 (right hind foot); B, C. lea, LSUMZ 38254 (left hind foot); and C, C. tenebrosa, LSUMZ 39268 (right hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. Within each panel, the upper bar applies to the foot and the lower bar corresponds to both tail images." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788883/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). The skulls of all three species are similar in length, but that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B96FCD4FD6FB78B" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B96FCD4FD6FB78B" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considerably wider than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B4FFCF5FB21B78B" box="[1148,1212,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B4FFCF5FB21B78B" box="[1148,1212,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. lea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334D87FC1AFC99B7B4" box="[692,772,920,944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334C23FC1AFCB1B7B4" box="[784,812,920,944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="54.[108,150,816,837]" captionTargetBox="[109,1204,234,787]" captionTargetId="graphics-423@54.[179,547,225,728]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIG. 26. Bivariate plots showing A, variation in the condyloincisive length and braincase breadth and B, the first two axes from a principal components analysis of 12 cranial measurements among all members of the Small-Bodied Group. Loadings and variance explained are given in table 9." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788881/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334C0BFC1AFCCBB7B4" box="[824,854,920,944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="62.[108,150,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[122,608,266,1219]" captionTargetId="graphics-73@62.[360,465,649,780]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIG. 30. Box plots showing variation in skull width and tail length from species of the Small-Bodied Group on the northern peninsula of Sulawesi. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. All measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788889/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">30</figureCitation>
|
||
). The braincase breadths relative to skull lengths (BB/CIL) are similar in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B6BFC3BFB21B7D5" box="[1112,1212,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B6BFC3BFB21B7D5" box="[1112,1212,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334DECFC59FCFAB7F6" box="[735,871,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334DECFC59FCFAB7F6" box="[735,871,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the interorbital region is relatively wider (IOW/CIL) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B30FC7EFB15B017" box="[1027,1160,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B30FC7EFB15B017" box="[1027,1160,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334BAAFC79FD57B030" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relative rostral length (RL/CIL) is slightly less in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334DCEFBBCFCF8B051" box="[765,869,1085,1109]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334DCEFBBCFCF8B051" box="[765,869,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334CF8FBBCFBCEB051" box="[971,1107,1085,1109]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334CF8FBBCFBCEB051" box="[971,1107,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0125E9334B57FBBFFB32B051" box="[1124,1199,1085,1109]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The parastyle of P4 is less prominent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B6AFBDDFB21B072" box="[1113,1212,1118,1142]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B6AFBDDFB21B072" box="[1113,1212,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334C37FB02FC1AB093" box="[772,903,1151,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334C37FB02FC1AB093" box="[772,903,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850125E9334DFFFB23FCDEB0DE" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0125E9334DFFFB23FCDEB0DE" blockId="60.[684,1214,226,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
|
||
COMMENTS: See comments for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0125E9334B13FB22FD6DB0DE" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0125E9334B13FB22FD6DB0DE" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Crocidura tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850125E9334DFFFB61FBA8B17B" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0125E9334DFFFB61FBA8B17B" blockId="60.[684,1214,226,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
|
||
SPECIMENS EXAMINED:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530125E9334B36FB61FC47B139" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079436" collectionCode="LSUMZ, NMV, C" location="Mt. Buliohuto" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" specimenCode="LSUMZ 38264, 38265, 38268, 38270, NMV C37777, C37794, C37800" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50125E9334B36FB61FB26B0FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180120E9334FF8FA67FBA8B17B:8EFC54D50125E9334B36FB61FB26B0FF" box="[1029,1211,1251,1275]" name="Mt. Buliohuto" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Mt. Buliohuto</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334D80FA86FCFEB118" box="[691,867,1284,1308]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">LSUMZ 38264</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334C46FA86FC27B118" box="[885,954,1284,1308]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">38265</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334CFFFA86FB8CB118" box="[972,1041,1284,1308]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">38268</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334B17FA86FBF7B118" box="[1060,1130,1284,1308]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">38270</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334B4FFA86FC9FB139" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">NMV C37777</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334C22FAA7FCFAB139" box="[785,871,1317,1341]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C37794</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334C45FAA7FC53B139" box="[886,974,1317,1341]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">C37800</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530125E9334CD7FAA7FC1EB17B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079327" collectionCode="LSUMZ, MZB" location="Mt. Dako" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" specimenCode="LSUMZ 36946, 36951, 36953, 36961-36963, 36965, 36966, MZB 43005" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50125E9334CD7FAA7FBCDB139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180120E9334FF8FA67FBA8B17B:8EFC54D50125E9334CD7FAA7FBCDB139" box="[996,1104,1317,1341]" name="Mt. Dako" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Mt. Dako</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334B52FAA7FD6EB15A" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">LSUMZ 36946</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334C3AFAC4FCD2B15A" box="[777,847,1350,1374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">36951</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334C56FAC4FC31B15A" box="[869,940,1350,1374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">36953</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334CF1FAC4FBC6B15A" box="[962,1115,1350,1374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">36961–36963</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334B41FAC4FB25B15A" box="[1138,1208,1350,1374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">36965</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334D9FFAE5FD6DB17B" box="[684,752,1383,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">36966</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334DC8FAE5FCE2B17B" box="[763,895,1383,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">MZB 43005</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530125E9334CB9FAE5FBADB17B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079421" box="[906,1072,1383,1407]" collectionCode="NMV" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" specimenCode="NMV C37306" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750125E9334CB9FAE5FBB4B17B" box="[906,1065,1383,1407]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">NMV C37306</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |