194 lines
19 KiB
XML
194 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0DBEF383C11800C80C7BE39B711D21F7">Systematic re-structure and new species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) after morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the North East Atlantic fauna</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="140AF7764F9A50693F2AB3486F00AB88">Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="138EEBB36E84CAE7BAA8C90BF614DAC6">Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="860538D4C216BFA7CD41A1C35710FFCE">Parapar, Julio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FEF8524941A9C62462FF988A62864707">Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="007B322268B467C53377151E680AE69A">Meissner, Karin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="10D381D710CBBEBC409E37466E4D90F1">Moreira, Juan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:identifier id="0514124BA4D1B7EC077E0BE6C786FF2E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C2523ADEE2EC64A4BE3690A89BF9D38E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157167816" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2523ADEE2EC64A4BE3690A89BF9D38E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2523ADEE2EC64A4BE3690A89BF9D38E" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="5F964449C68DF8AE7AB267B7AF3F2EAC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="517B531ADE6C0B685F3CA4825A0C736D" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="DE066FB324C678B5A35A6B6AF9AF4376" ID-CoL="4YQD3" authority="Reimers, 1933" authorityName="Reimers" authorityYear="1933" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium balticum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="balticum">Sphaerodoridium balticum (Reimers, 1933)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6B3D82F0F9090CD80C1BFBEC6487DFBC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 5T, 23C, D, 24
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0BB6B01B4F26FE5355EEBA80CC6E15E" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="44D203F676E109AE747A3185195DA3E0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="2F2C2CDAFFE97F0F994002E6CB14DF36" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodorum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodorum balticum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="balticum">Sphaerodorum balticum</taxonomicName>
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Reimers, 1933: 41-110, 45 figs
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3BDC7CE9D59B12B7B7964F8CBA0F449C" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="6E1B499178D4CF1A82B22B276A076086" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E2E7E78CC3BAF35C55A0105078B62AC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kiel, Baltic Sea, 6-8 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BA9CD39B11FFF0DEC81B7B80A5BA4255" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8800B1A9D59FC630209AF734B15FFD44" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D283E872162069DF270C52377D3C3FF5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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(16 specs) Barents Sea: ZMBN 127332 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH 280),
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<geoCoordinate id="1CA0A37583CEEBD425B18A5EFADC0DAE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="70.2965">70°17.79'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B9EFDFDB13FA0C0207B0A2D99E76AEEC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="31.313833">31°18.83'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 217 m, 18 Aug 2013; Norwegian Sea: ZMBN 127331 (11 spec.),
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<normalizedToken id="B2523575EFAAB0BEB69307255C1DCBBA" originalValue="Mørebanken">Morebanken</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E6ACBFF04438BC13CB6188F49F0E4A1A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="62.758335">62°45.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="924B1A63322BDFB100D0DDC7F0D81D81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="5.526">5°31.56'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 91 m, 04 Oct 2012; ZMBN 127329 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH281),
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<normalizedToken id="F4D2453AB73D8CF6EEA1B9D08D5CF05A" originalValue="Mørebanken">Morebanken</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="01DD5A71677B988094929036506CF867" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="62.758335">62°45.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1B9229FD5A4E644D3BBDF05A29D5C5B1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="5.526">5°31.56'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 91 m, 04 Oct 2012; ZMBN 127330 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing SPH282),
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<normalizedToken id="8035A83D70BB24FA9D810F468711BA96" originalValue="Mørebanken">Morebanken</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C17206822D37706613A4A646ABAA4C32" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="62.758335">62°45.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="945B41F397B3B318EE612D370F2AD595" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="5.526">5°31.56'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 91 m, 04 Oct 2012; ZMBN 129499 (1 spec. on SEM stub),
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<normalizedToken id="20FB02CCFAA8C5CCECECE6FB8AF9054A" originalValue="Mørebanken">Morebanken</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B84B307520279C4D0512B4225E5AACF0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="62.758335">62°45.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="72E48408105F6E5308ED84AB412BA5FE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="5.526">5°31.56'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 91 m, 04 Oct 2012. Kattegat: NHMD 302862 (1 spec.), Kattegat,
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<normalizedToken id="2845B97644FF5875B069FF0C7FAFA64D" originalValue="Samsø">Samso</normalizedToken>
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, NW of Bosserne, 23-26 m, 18 Jul 1969; NHMD 302861 (1 spec.), Kattegat,
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<normalizedToken id="2CA8B2E2200BEC0CC2FD68BA32634F16" originalValue="Samsø">Samso</normalizedToken>
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, NW
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<normalizedToken id="C88B32A6611187DAADAF6BE63C17C38C" originalValue="Møgelskår">Mogelskar</normalizedToken>
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, Nordby, 14 Jul 1979.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2C2FC94C9AF680CA696C95CE5E81FA52" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2F2AED86AA03F6BDD57195F3D7D85B12" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="807B5BA955C42FCD5B8105594520A261" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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Body short and ellipsoid. Prostomial appendages digitiform, smooth, longer than wide. Palps and lateral antennae with basal spurs or basal papillae, the later with 3-4 spurs. Median antenna as long as or slightly shorter than other head appendages. Antenniform papillae absent. Eight to nine longitudinal rows of spherical and sessile macrotubercles in one transverse row per segment. Additional spherical papillae arranged in three transverse rows per segment, in dorsum and ventrum. Parapodia with acicular lobe from chaetiger 3, digitiform; ventral cirri digitiform, projecting well beyond acicular lobe; four spherical parapodial papillae. Compound chaetae with me
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<pageBreakToken id="7588AF2C43E18B403B09A26DF4766CAC" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" start="start">dium</pageBreakToken>
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length blades (6-7 times as long as wide), showing little dorso-ventral gradation; unidentate, finely serrated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4F6B5FFCE6A764D219C43E23D7EA9BF0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B053ACB3DDE24D8DEE9CEC81F1F7AA01" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Re-description of NEA material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6A2BC9B9813A73CCAA53B28F18076A85" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements and general morphology. Body ellipsoid, with rounded anterior and posterior ends, with convex dorsal surface and slightly flat ventrum; cross section almost circular (Fig. 24A). Segmentation inconspicuous and pigmentation absent. Measuring 1.3-2.2 mm in length and near 0.5 mm wide; with 10-18 chaetigers.</paragraph>
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<caption id="7F815648FD164B5D96EBD2AE93F26D80" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<paragraph id="6FB35854AAFFC6C9A6D318516D897398" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Figure 24.
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<taxonomicName id="275D40518E8CB2C22CE1C4196521A4EB" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium balticum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="balticum">Sphaerodoridium balticum</taxonomicName>
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, from Norwegian Sea (ZMBN 129499, SPH281), scanning electron micrographs. A Complete specimen, dorsal view B head, lateral view C palps with spurs and lateral antennae (behind), detail D epithelial tubercles over dorsum E parapodium, chaetiger 1 F parapodium, chaetiger 4 G parapodia, chaetigers 7 and 8, with a sexual structure in between (male) H genital pores between parapodia chaetiger 7 and 8 (female) I male genital organ, detail J chaetae, chaetiger 1 K, L&nbsp;chaetae, mid-body parapodia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="14CF8EDCD74CC10E363F5DA5C0CACBE1" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Head. Prostomium fused to first segment. Prostomial appendages including palps and lateral antennae digitiform, similar in shape and size (Fig. 24B). Palps and lateral antennae with 3-4 basal papillae or spurs (Fig. 24C, D). Median antenna shorter than lateral appendages, or similar to other rounded prostomial papillae, without spurs. Tentacular cirri, similar in size and shape to median antenna (Fig. 24C).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3D25824832204EE1DD781C50BE67939" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tubercles. Dorsal macrotubercles, sessile, spherical, smooth. Arranged in 8-9 longitudinal rows from second chaetiger to posterior segments, and one transverse dorsal row per segment (Fig. 24A). All macrotubercles similar in size. Additional spherical dorsal papillae arranged in two or three irregular transverse rows, ca. 20 papillae in mid-body segments (Figs 23C, 24A). Ventral papillae, similar to dorsal in shape and size, arranged in three transverse rows per segment (Figs 23D, 24A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38242279AB5934C599360E399C8681D7" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Parapodia. Parapodia conical, as long as wide. Ventral cirri digitiform. Acicular lobe similar or slightly shorter, similar in shape and size to parapodial papillae. Four parapodial papillae, two dorsal and two posterior, one behind the chaetal fascicle and another one closer to the base (Figs 5T, 24
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<normalizedToken id="0B4A5B9E346504F6AD53FD94DCA76B4C" originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="940164EF39DF8FF3CD42B4FB3A66ACD5" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Chaetae. Five to seven compound chaetae on each parapodium, with fine and medium size blades (ca. 5-8 times as long as wide), unidentate, finely serrated (Fig. 24
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<normalizedToken id="98E25D2B73FE2EBDE710D6DBD9F2E2E1" originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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, K, L). A single straight acicula per parapodium.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6567CC991F837FE0F056F0EE100686CC" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pygidium. Pygidium with paired anal cirri resembling macrotubercles and medio-ventral digitiform anal papilla.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8CADA377B8FC688F4C50991E715491CF" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Internal features. Two dark eyes visible dorsally inside the head. Pharynx extending over two chaetigers.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C84F0842C979F44B2A70FD5DE460B112" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Reproductive features. Sexual structures between parapodia of chaetigers 8 and 9. They resemble a large ventral cirrus or a hemispherical knob (Fig. 24A, H, J).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2F0DF82473B2EB7BA1EBAD4CF50B012A" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="A1466B4ADA7CE99A824B4ABF9CC28DFA" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A98056251E58054D296089147369745" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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This species has been widely recorded across the North and Baltic seas (
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<bibRefCitation id="8CC31AF849D199C79E30B6CFBD2154D6" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" title="Annelida, Borstenwuermer, Polychaeta (2 nd edn). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. 58." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/134648b0" year="1996">
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<normalizedToken id="D3E918D33E5EB8B399B90C72495C17AD" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
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1996
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</bibRefCitation>
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) but giving the similarity with other species also present in the area these records require revisions. Other similar species reported from European waters are
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<taxonomicName id="ECD50CBC5B182AE308857D507E036B62" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium minutum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minutum">Sphaerodoridium cf. minutum</taxonomicName>
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(Webster & Benedict, 1887) (see below) that bears 10-14 stalked macrotubercles per segment. One of the diagnostic features of this species is the presence of spurs in palps and lateral antennae. These are only clearly recognised in specimens with a relaxed head and appendages (e.g., Fig. 24C, D) but are not obvious on specimens with contracted anterior end (e.g., Fig. 24B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="67C48175D344439670C868A8EAEABD1F" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F51A9FA22807AB4F48B36A8EAA2AAF77" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E3D95CD3FD5DF684A86491552AA013C" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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New records for the Barents Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Kattegat. Reported in the North and Baltic seas (
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<bibRefCitation id="F01095B93743616462EDC5B68421C098" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" title="Annelida, Borstenwuermer, Polychaeta (2 nd edn). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. 58." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/134648b0" year="1996">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="73ECB0EA710BC0E6E4D0460430612831" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CD97C3784F7A0DCD5F814C67B7BA5E59" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="D68102AAE6FFDCD98459DCBAD5FE358D" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A9FDE3AE6EF75D38E25DAB5B55BE6DBE" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Sandy and muddy sediments, 6-200 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FECC71AF85F7BA0327575CEC2D0428D4" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" title="Annelida, Borstenwuermer, Polychaeta (2 nd edn). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. 58." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/134648b0" year="1996">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F837F63CC99C1715584E31F7E86EBBEF" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |