treatments-xml/data/0B/53/30/0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6.xml
2024-06-21 12:29:06 +02:00

485 lines
37 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a06d6982-ca06-4a79-8680-ac4cf79caa84" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180302016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2305-2562-1-287" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" ID-ZooBank="DD1C36510E8A4F508D6632474969C0F3" ModsDocID="2305-2562-1-287" checkinTime="1615323811817" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali &amp; Coetzee, Julie A." docDate="2021" docId="0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvert 62(1): 287-314" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 62 (1)" docPubDate="2021-03-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842" docTitle="Chaenusa (Chaenusa) seminervata van Achterberg 2012" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" lastPageNumber="287" masterDocId="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" masterDocTitle="Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="314" masterPageNumber="287" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" updateTime="1632012787834" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-9741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa &amp; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">svannoort@iziko.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Rosali</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Coetzee, Julie A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-03-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>62</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>287</mods:start>
<mods:end>314</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2305-2562-1-287</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DD1C36510E8A4F508D6632474969C0F3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180302016" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName LSID="0B533089-9C0F-53EC-AA62-2A328A955FB6" authority="van Achterberg, 2012" authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa (Chaenusa) seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata" subGenus="Chaenusa">Chaenusa (Chaenusa) seminervata van Achterberg, 2012</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Chaenusa seminervata Holotype female TYPH 01928 (SANC) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head and mesosoma, dorsal view E head, anterior view F head, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518158" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figs 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Chaenusa seminervata Holotype female TYPH 01928 (SANC) A propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view B propodeum and metasoma, lateral view C mesosoma and first tergite, dorsal view D propodeum and first tergite, dorsal view E wings F data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518159" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Chaenusa seminervata female SAM-HYM-P 092801 (SAMC) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head and mesosoma, dorsal view E head, anterior view F head, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518160" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Chaenusa seminervata female SAM-HYM-P 092801 (SAMC) A metasoma, dorsal view B metasoma, lateral view C scutellum, metanotum, propodeum and first tergite, dorsal view D first tergite, dorsal view E wings, inset: data labels F vertex of head." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518161" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaenusa seminervata male SAM-HYM-P 092802 (SAMC) A habitus, lateral view, inset: data labels B habitus, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head, anterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518162" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636375" collectingDate="2008-11-21" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="J. R. Baars &amp; J. A. Coetzee &amp; G. D. Martin" country="South Africa" latitude="-25.183332" location="Lydenburg" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="30.8" municipality="Lydenburg Fisheries" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
• female;
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Lydenburg Fisheries</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6:3EA683D911C2BFECB0654CC5F6ABD992" country="South Africa" latitude="-25.183332" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="30.8" municipality="Lydenburg Fisheries" name="Lydenburg" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Lydenburg</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-25.183332">25°11'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="30.8">30°48'E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date value="2008-11-21">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-21">21.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>J.R. Baars</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>J.A. Coetzee</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G.D. Martin</collectorName>
; ex leaf-miner
<collectedFrom>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
examined).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518158" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
female TYPH01928 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
head, ventrolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636336" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="RMNH" country="South Africa" latitude="-26.0" location="Lakenvlei Wetland" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="30.083334" municipality="Belfast" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Belfast</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6:8C333A365F91F418107725434C6CF709" country="South Africa" latitude="-26.0" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="30.083334" municipality="Belfast" name="Lakenvlei Wetland" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Lakenvlei Wetland</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="60" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-26.0">25°60'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="30.083334">30°05'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
not seen)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636305" collectingDate="2008-11-17" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="J. R. Baars &amp; J. A. Coetzee &amp; G. D. Martin" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.5" location="Rosetta" municipality="Stillwater Dam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Stillwater Dam</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6:0AC3ADE280D6DE47A50A2C7C5E67A8D4" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.5" municipality="Stillwater Dam" name="Rosetta" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Rosetta</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-29.5">29°30'S</geoCoordinate>
, 29°97'E;
<date value="2008-11-17">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-17">17.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>J.R. Baars</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>J.A. Coetzee</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G.D. Martin</collectorName>
; ex leaf-miner
<collectedFrom>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
not seen)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636326" collectingDate="2008-11-16" collectionCode="SANC, RMNH" collectorName="J. R. Baars &amp; J. A. Coetzee &amp; G. D. Martin" country="South Africa" location="Sani Pass" municipality="Dieu Donne Farm Dam" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality>Dieu Donne Farm Dam</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6:3DF01B5E787FE6D6E2C34986410FE7A4" country="South Africa" municipality="Dieu Donne Farm Dam" name="Sani Pass">Sani Pass</location>
; 29°68'407&quot;S, 29°48'949&quot;E;
<date value="2008-11-16">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-16">16.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>J.R. Baars</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>J.A. Coetzee</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G.D. Martin</collectorName>
; reared from leaf-miner
<collectedFrom>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
(
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
examined,
<collectionCode country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
not seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518159" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
female TYPH01928 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
mesosoma and first tergite, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
propodeum and first tergite, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
data labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636339" collectingDate="2019-06" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6:740A37479C628CFD49CF36419BB73269" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" name="Midmar Dam" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Midmar Dam</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.35" value="-29.539263">29°32'21.35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="40.15" value="30.194485">30°11'40.15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date value="2019-06">
<collectingDate value="2019-06">June 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName>R. Smith</collectorName>
, collected from
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Egeria densa" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Egeria densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
infestation with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia egeriae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egeriae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia egeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pupae, reared in lab, MDMR-FOR-R01, SAM-HYM-P092800 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636348" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R02, SAM-HYM-P092801 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636366" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R04, SAM-HYM-P092802 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636318" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R09, SAM-HYM-P092804 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636332" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R10, SAM-HYM-P092805 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636360" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R14, SAM-HYM-P092806 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518160" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female SAM-HYM-P
<date value="01-09-28">092801</date>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
head, ventrolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1837" class="Hexapoda" family="Ephydridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ephydridae</taxonomicName>
):
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deeming" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia lagarosiphon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagarosiphon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia lagarosiphon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia egeriae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egeriae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia egeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Egeria densa" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Egeria densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518161" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female SAM-HYM-P
<date value="01-09-28">092801</date>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
scutellum, metanotum, propodeum and first tergite, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
first tergite, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
wings, inset: data labels
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
vertex of head.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
The Neotropical species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa aurantium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa aurantium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kula &amp; Martinez, 2009 was reared from an undescribed species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
under evaluation for control of
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Egeria densa" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Egeria densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" author="Kula, RR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="641 - 655" refId="B26" refString="Kula, RR, Martinez, JJ, Cabrera Walsh, G, 2009. Supplement to revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 111 (3): 641 - 655, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" title="Supplement to revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" volume="111" year="2009">Kula et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
keys to
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. aurantium" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="aurantium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. aurantium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(terminal maxillary palpomere is brown) in the key to New World species (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.1" author="Kula, RR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B24" refString="Kula, RR, Zolnerowich, G, 2008. Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 116 (1): 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.1" title="Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records." url="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.1" volume="116" year="2008">Kula and Zolnerowich 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" author="Kula, RR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="641 - 655" refId="B26" refString="Kula, RR, Martinez, JJ, Cabrera Walsh, G, 2009. Supplement to revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 111 (3): 641 - 655, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" title="Supplement to revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641" volume="111" year="2009">Kula et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
), but it is distinct from
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. aurantium" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="aurantium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. aurantium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in head colour, sculpture and setation of the frons, as well as mesoscutal, mesopleural and propodeal sculpture. Sexual dimorphism of
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is exhibited in the following characters: females with 16-18 antennal segments, males with 17-24 segments; the forewing pterostigma is light brown in females and dark brown in males; in addition, the compound eyes in females converge less strongly (narrowest ventral width of the face 0.75
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broadest dorsal width) towards the clypeus than in
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but still more strongly than in males (narrowest ventral width of the face 0.81
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broadest dorsal width); however, the overall relative dimensions of the face relative to the broadest width just below the toruli are equivalent in the two sexes, being slightly wider than high (females H:W = 10:12; males H:W = 9:11).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518162" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa seminervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male SAM-HYM-P
<date value="02-09-28">092802</date>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view, inset: data labels
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
head, anterior view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>