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<mods:title id="B0FA4A3585EFB17E6F2BF245A2F3877D">Ichthyodiversity in southeastern Arabian Peninsula: Annotated checklist taxonomy, short description and distribution of Inland fishes of Oman</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DBF2D17447CE1E86EFA3239B18469426">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="08ACB3482A8B0248E58DE627A5C74F8D">hresmaeili @ shirazu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9736 - 397 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="37E97104A158E210224F208E7210F10F">Jufaili, Saud Al</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="320712F9D5DA80FB6F6E96D944AF7BC8">Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O Box 34 Al Khod 123 Muscat, Oman. sjufaily @ squ. edu. om; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0930 - 5754</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E38C28DD8DA6519FA34975E82C85B793">Masoumi, Amir Hassan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="829987D5B93E7070A2CFB43FB7B21EBC">amirhassanmasoomi @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3509 - 2964</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="36FD5F72A4C435A42129ADF4C019C75C">Zarei, Fatah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="601D7167ACDD79F86DE428891B90A5D3">fataahzarei @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5552 - 4301</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03FBBC4B0942B212EC95F8E024384974" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6543072" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195303923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6543072" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBBC4B0942B212EC95F8E024384974" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FBBC4B0942B212EC95F8E024384974" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<subSubSection id="C3485ED60942B21CEC95F8E023554D7F" box="[151,862,1852,1879]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D0942B21CEC95F8E023554D7F" blockId="22.[151,862,1852,1915]" box="[151,862,1852,1879]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<heading id="D0A5BA310942B21CEC95F8E023554D7F" bold="true" box="[151,862,1852,1879]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0942B21CEC95F8E023554D7F" bold="true" box="[151,862,1852,1879]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
9.
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE0942B21CECB7F8E022E94D7F" authority="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof, 2016" authorityName="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof" authorityYear="2016" box="[181,738,1852,1879]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0942B21CECB7F8E0216F4D7E" bold="true" box="[181,356,1852,1879]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Garra sindhae</emphasis>
Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof, 2016
</taxonomicName>
, Endemic
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3485ED60942B21CEC95F8BD20EC4D53" box="[151,231,1888,1915]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D0942B21CEC95F8BD20EC4D53" blockId="22.[151,862,1852,1915]" box="[151,231,1888,1915]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<figureCitation id="136911D80942B21CEC95F8BD20EC4D53" box="[151,231,1888,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="23.[151,250,846,870]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,181,822]" captionTargetId="figure-19@23.[205,1382,181,822]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 26. Garra sindhae, Oman: Wadi Andhur." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6541619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6541619/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3485ED60942B212EC95F87525124B35" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D0942B21CEC95F87523F04DCE" blockId="22.[151,1437,1961,2023]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0942B21CEC95F87521294DEA" bold="true" box="[151,290,1961,1987]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Etymology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE0942B21CED2BF87521644DEA" box="[297,367,1961,1987]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0942B21CED2BF87521644DEA" box="[297,367,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Garra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: named based on a vernacular Indian name, a fish living in mud;
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE0942B21CE853F87524A34DEA" authorityName="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof" authorityYear="2016" box="[1105,1192,1961,1987]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0942B21CE853F87524A34DEA" box="[1105,1192,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">sindhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: named after Cynthia “Sindhi” Diane Powell for her support to the first author (Robert Gary Lyon).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED0D5D0943B21DEC95FC922294494F" blockId="23.[151,671,846,870]" box="[151,671,846,870]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0943B21DEC95FC92212B494F" bold="true" box="[151,288,846,870]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE0943B21DED24FC9221B0494F" authorityName="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof" authorityYear="2016" box="[294,443,846,870]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0943B21DED24FC9221B0494F" box="[294,443,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Garra sindhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Oman: Wadi Andhur.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D5DD50943B21DEC95F87A223D4DCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6541621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6541621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6541621/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" startId="23.[151,250,1958,1982]" targetBox="[199,1388,894,1934]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D0943B21DEC95F87A223D4DCB" blockId="23.[151,1436,1958,2018]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0943B21DEC95F87A21294D97" bold="true" box="[151,290,1958,1982]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
Distribution map of an endemic fish,
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE0943B21DEEB1F87B23424D97" authorityName="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof" authorityYear="2016" box="[691,841,1958,1982]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F0943B21DEEB1F87B23424D97" box="[691,841,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Garra sindhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Oman. Pink: Southwestern Arabian Coast, green: Oman Mountains, and yellow: Arabian Interior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D094CB212ECC5FF4A22794A99" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[199,626,150,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FF4A218C4A99" bold="true" box="[199,391,150,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Common name:</emphasis>
Wadi Andhur
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE094CB212EE29FF4A22654A99" box="[555,622,150,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Garra</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D094CB212ECC5FF6625124B35" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FF6621454AFD" bold="true" box="[199,334,186,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Taxonomy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE094CB212ED5AFF6721E74AFD" authorityName="Lyon, Geiger &amp; Freyhof" authorityYear="2016" box="[344,492,186,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhi">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ED5AFF6721E74AFD" box="[344,492,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Garra sindhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="3B3A0700094CB212EDF4FF6725124B35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766721334" collectionCode="R" country="Oman" latitude="17.5686" location="Geiger" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="54.70487" municipality="Freyhof" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zufar">
was described by Lyon [
<collectionCode id="ED439598094CB212EF10FF6723224AFC" box="[786,809,187,213]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">R</collectionCode>
. G.],
<location id="8E8D5B86094CB212EF6FFF6623B24AFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBBC4B0942B212EC95F8E024384974:8E8D5B86094CB212EF6FFF6623B24AFD" box="[877,953,186,212]" country="Oman" latitude="17.5686" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="54.70487" municipality="Freyhof" name="Geiger" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" stateProvince="Zufar">Geiger</location>
[M. F.] &amp;
<collectingMunicipality id="6B899727094CB212E83CFF66249C4AFD" box="[1086,1175,186,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Freyhof</collectingMunicipality>
[J.] 2016:80, figs. 2-5 [Zootaxa 4154 (no. 1] from Wadi Andhur,
<collectingRegion id="4996C3BF094CB212EE79FF02233C4AD1" box="[635,823,222,248]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Dhofar province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3454DCD094CB212EF41FF0223814AD1" box="[835,906,222,248]" name="Oman" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Oman</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE666B9A094CB212EF95FF02244D4AD0" box="[919,1094,222,249]" degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" precision="1" seconds="6.956" value="17.5686">17°346.956”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE666B9A094CB212E850FF0225064AD0" box="[1106,1293,222,249]" degrees="54" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" precision="1" seconds="17.518" value="54.70487">54°4217.518”E</geoCoordinate>
. The species name was dedicated to a woman, so there is a mandatory change to
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE094CB212EF8CFEDF251E4B35" authority="(Fricke et al. 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Fricke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[910,1301,258,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212EF8CFEDF24394B35" box="[910,1074,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Garra sindhae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC370AC094CB212E843FEDE25064B35" author="Fricke, R. &amp; Eschmeyer, W. N. &amp; Van der Laan, R." box="[1089,1293,258,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" refId="ref23694" refString="Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. &amp; Van der Laan, R. (2022) Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Available from: http: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (accessed 20 March 2022)" type="url" year="2022">
Fricke
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212E893FEDF24C94B35" box="[1169,1218,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FEFA21364B69" bold="true" box="[199,317,294,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<typeStatus id="54E9B3FF094CB212ECC5FEFA21334B69" box="[199,312,294,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBF4A526094CB212ED46FEFA21D64B69" box="[324,477,294,320]" collectionCode="ONHM" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ONHM 4196</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3A0700094CB212EDE5FEFB230A4B69" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766721326" box="[487,769,294,321]" collectionCode="FSJF, ONHM" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E9B3FF094CB212EDE5FEFB22534B68" box="[487,600,295,321]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED439598094CB212EE61FEFA22964B69" box="[611,669,294,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">FSJF</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED439598094CB212EEAAFEFA230A4B69" box="[680,769,294,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ONHM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D094CB212ECC5FE9623E3493D" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FE9621A84B4D" bold="true" box="[199,419,330,356]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Short description:</emphasis>
Dorsal fin with I, 7½ rays, last simple ray slightly shorter than or equally long as head length; distal margin concave; origin at middle between snout tip and last scale on caudal-fin base; inserted anterior to vertical from pelvic-fin origin; first branched ray longest, tip of last branched ray reaching vertical of anus. Pectoral fin with I, 12 rays, reaching midway or slightly beyond distance between pectoral- and pelvic-fin origin, length shorter than head length. Pelvic fin with I, 78 rays, reaching to, or slightly in front of anus, origin closer to anal-fin origin than to pectoral-fin origin, inserted below second or fourth branched dorsal-fin ray. Anal fin short, with III, 5½ rays; first branched ray longest, reaching to dark grey or black blotch on posterior caudal peduncle or slightly anterior to it; distal margin concave; origin almost in middle between caudal-fin base and pelvic-fin origin. Two scales between anus and anal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked; with 9+8 branched rays; tip of lobes pointed; upper lobe longer than lower lobe.
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE094CB212EDD9FD5322744881" box="[475,639,654,681]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sindhae">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212EDD9FD5322744881" box="[475,639,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Garra sindhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from other
<taxonomicName id="4C5276DE094CB212EFBFFD5324504881" box="[957,1115,654,681]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212EFBFFD5324084880" box="[957,1027,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Garra</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the region by mental disc wider then long, 7½ branched dorsal-fin rays, dorsal fin hyaline or pale brown with black spots at bases of branched rays, 36 total lateral scales, 1416 circumpeduncular scales, breast and belly behind pectoral-fin origin fully covered by deeply embedded scales, 812 gill rakers on lower limp of first gill arch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3485ED6094CB212ECC5FCC224384974" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D094CB212ECC5FCC223674911" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[199,876,798,824]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FCC221684911" bold="true" box="[199,355,798,824]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Distribution:</emphasis>
Wadi Andhur,
<collectingRegion id="4996C3BF094CB212EE0EFCC222A74911" box="[524,684,798,824]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Dhofar region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3454DCD094CB212EEBAFCC222F74911" box="[696,764,798,824]" name="Oman" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Oman</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136911D8094CB212EF0EFCC2236B4911" box="[780,864,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1958,1982]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,894,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-30@23.[199,1388,894,1934]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of an endemic fish, Garra sindhae, Oman. Pink: Southwestern Arabian Coast, green: Oman Mountains, and yellow: Arabian Interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6541621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6541621/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0D5D094CB212ECC5FC9E24384974" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[199,1075,834,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212ECC5FC9E21BD4975" bold="true" box="[199,438,834,860]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Examined material:</emphasis>
Based on
<typeStatus id="54E9B3FF094CB212EE29FC9E22864975" box="[555,653,834,860]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54E9B3FF094CB212EEC6FC9F23244974" box="[708,815,835,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC370AC094CB212EF68FC9F242C4974" author="Lyon, R. G. &amp; Freyhof, J." box="[874,1063,834,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" pagination="79 - 88" refId="ref24798" refString="Lyon, R. G., Geiger. M. F. &amp; Freyhof, J. (2016) Garra sindhi, a new species from the Jebel Samhan Nature Reserve in Oman (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 4154 (1), 79 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4154.1.5" type="journal article" year="2016">
Lyon
<emphasis id="B926D14F094CB212EFA9FC9F23D74975" box="[939,988,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>