treatments-xml/data/03/C1/C2/03C1C248FFD7B77E6FFCFB5AFBB5B911.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2022.2128913" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d41d15b-bfa6-44d6-8474-940d8eec643c" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331376" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1668699182843" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Müller, Rodrigo Temp, Garcia, Mauricio Silva &amp; Fonseca, André de Oliveira" docDate="2022" docId="03C1C248FFD7B77E6FFCFB5AFBB5B911" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.20.1.1-19.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 20 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2022.2128913" docTitle="Stenoscelida aurantiacus Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca 2022, gen. et sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFF8BA30FFD5B7706F0EFFD4FF9BB826" masterDocTitle="A new proterochampsid (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsia) from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil and the emergence of archosaurian hind limb traits" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1671838324943" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A new proterochampsid (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsia) from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil and the emergence of archosaurian hind limb traits</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Müller, Rodrigo Temp</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Apoio a Pesquisa Paleontologica da Quarta Colonia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230 - 000 Sao Joao do Pol ^ esine, RS, Brazil; bPrograma de Pos-Graduaçao em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 120 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Garcia, Mauricio Silva</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Apoio a Pesquisa Paleontologica da Quarta Colonia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230 - 000 Sao Joao do Pol ^ esine, RS, Brazil; bPrograma de Pos-Graduaçao em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 120 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fonseca, André de Oliveira</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Geologia e Pedologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036 - 900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-11-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number>20</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331380" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205083001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C1C248FFD7B77E6FFCFB5AFBB5B911" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C1C248FFD7B77E6FFCFB5AFBB5B911" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection box="[242,698,1166,1190]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,769,973,1221]" box="[242,698,1166,1190]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[242,521,1166,1190]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[242,521,1166,1190]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[529,698,1166,1189]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[413,526,1197,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,769,973,1221]" box="[413,526,1197,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
(
<figureCitation box="[422,517,1197,1221]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="3.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionStartId-1="5.[159,226,1799,1820]" captionStartId-2="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionStartId-3="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionStartId-4="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1461,192,1552]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetBox-2="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetBox-3="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetBox-4="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId-0="figure-61@3.[159,1467,188,1572]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1@4.[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetId-2="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId-3="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId-4="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionText-0="Figure 1. Provenance of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). A, location and geological context of the Varzea do Agudo site (Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; modified from Muller et al. 2020a); B, general view of the site; C, reconstruction of the skeleton of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) depicting the preserved elements." captionText-1="Figure 2. Holotype of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). Right hind limb in A, medial and B, lateral views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; a, astragalus; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; c, calcaneum; cc, cnemial crest; f, femur; fh, femoral head; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; mc, medial condyle; mt, metatarsal; pf, popliteal fossa; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." captionText-2="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." captionText-3="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, *distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. *Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." captionText-4="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331378" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331382" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7331378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7331382/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="2.[159,781,1278,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3966347301" collectionCode="CAPPA" country="Brazil" location="Varzea do Agudo" municipality="Agudo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="CAPPA/UFSM 0293" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,269,1278,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus box="[159,265,1278,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode box="[297,546,1278,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">CAPPA/UFSM 0293</specimenCode>
, a complete and articulated right hind limb.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="2.[159,781,1359,1545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,289,1359,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus combines the Greek words UIƐvόç (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[260,281,1391,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">¼</emphasis>
narrow) and UĸƐƛ 
<emphasis box="[494,507,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">o</emphasis>
ç (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[539,560,1391,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">¼</emphasis>
hind leg), referring to the slender leg of the creature. The specific epithet derives from the Latin word 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[484,611,1456,1479]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[484,611,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" box="[630,651,1456,1480]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">¼</emphasis>
orange), in allusion to the orange colour of the outcropping sediments of the Varzea do Agudo site (
<figureCitation box="[560,642,1522,1545]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[162,1461,192,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[159,1467,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Provenance of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). A, location and geological context of the Varzea do Agudo site (Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; modified from Muller et al. 2020a); B, general view of the site; C, reconstruction of the skeleton of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) depicting the preserved elements." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331378/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="2.[159,781,1569,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,321,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type locality.</emphasis>
Varzea do Agudo site (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[616,637,1569,1593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">¼</emphasis>
Janner site; 29 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,194,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="left" box="[185,194,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">°</superScript>
</emphasis>
39 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[223,228,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="none" box="[223,228,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0</superScript>
</emphasis>
10.89 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[289,299,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="right" box="[289,299,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">00</superScript>
</emphasis>
S, 53 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[359,368,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="left" box="[359,368,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">°</superScript>
</emphasis>
17 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[397,402,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="none" box="[397,402,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0</superScript>
</emphasis>
34.20 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[463,473,1597,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<superScript attach="right" box="[463,473,1597,1614]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">00</superScript>
</emphasis>
W), Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (
<figureCitation box="[293,357,1635,1658]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[162,1461,192,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[159,1467,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Provenance of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). A, location and geological context of the Varzea do Agudo site (Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; modified from Muller et al. 2020a); B, general view of the site; C, reconstruction of the skeleton of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) depicting the preserved elements." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331378/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[159,781,1683,1901]" lastBlockId="2.[844,1467,189,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,416,1683,1706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stratigraphic horizon.</emphasis>
Lower portion of the Candelaria Sequence (
<bibRefCitation author="Horn, B. &amp; Melo, T. &amp; Schultz, C. &amp; Philipp, R. &amp; Kloss, H. &amp; Goldberg, K." box="[289,509,1715,1738]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="123 - 132" part="55" refId="ref11460" refString="Horn, B., Melo, T., Schultz, C., Philipp, R., Kloss, H. &amp; Goldberg, K. 2014. A new third-order sequence stratigraphic framework applied to the Triassic of the Parana Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on structural, stratigraphic and paleontological data. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 55, 123 - 132." title="A new third-order sequence stratigraphic framework applied to the Triassic of the Parana Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on structural, stratigraphic and paleontological data" type="journal article" year="2014">
Horn 
<emphasis box="[367,435,1715,1738]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
) of the Santa Maria Supersequence (
<bibRefCitation author="Zerfass, H. &amp; Lavina, E. L. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Garcia, A. J. V. &amp; Faccini, U. F. &amp; Chemale, F. Jr." box="[337,550,1748,1771]" journalOrPublisher="Sedimentary Geology" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="85 - 105" part="161" refId="ref14007" refString="Zerfass, H., Lavina, E. L., Schultz, C. L., Garcia, A. J. V., Faccini, U. F. &amp; Chemale, F. Jr. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy of continental Triassic strata of Southernmost Brazil: a contribution to Southwestern Gondwana palaeogeography and palaeoclimate. Sedimentary Geology, 161, 85 - 105. doi: 10.1016 / S 0037 - 0738 (02) 00397 - 4" title="Sequence stratigraphy of continental Triassic strata of Southernmost Brazil: a contribution to Southwestern Gondwana palaeogeography and palaeoclimate" type="book" year="2003">
Zerfass 
<emphasis box="[428,486,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
), Parana Basin. The predominance of the cynodont genus 
<taxonomicName box="[569,705,1780,1803]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[569,705,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
places the site in the upper part (
<taxonomicName box="[457,593,1813,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[457,593,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-Assemblage Zone; Muller &amp; Garcia 2020) of the 
<taxonomicName authority="Assemblage Zone" authorityName="Assemblage Zone" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[609,781,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
Assemblage Zone
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Schultz, C. L. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Horn, B. L. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P." box="[394,639,1878,1901]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="102846" part="104" refId="ref13224" refString="Schultz, C. L., Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., Pinheiro, F. L., Kerber, L., Horn, B. L., Pretto, F. A., M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P. 2020. Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, 102846. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020.102846" title="Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2020">
Schultz 
<emphasis box="[497,565,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), which is biostratigraphically correlated with the 
<taxonomicName box="[1277,1413,189,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1277,1413,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
biozone from the Ischigualasto Formation (
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez, R. N. &amp; Apaldetti, C. &amp; Alcober, O. A. &amp; Colombi, C. E. &amp; Sereno, P. C. &amp; Fernandez, E. &amp; Malnis, P. S. &amp; Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D." journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="10 - 30" part="12" refId="ref11995" refString="Martinez, R. N., Apaldetti, C., Alcober, O. A., Colombi, C. E., Sereno, P. C., Fernandez, E., Malnis, P. S., Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D. 2013. Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation. Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12, 10 - 30." title="Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation" type="journal article" year="2013">
Martınez 
<emphasis box="[1408,1467,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). A Bayesian age-model for the profile of the Ischigualasto Formation at the Hoyada del Cerro Las Lajas locality in Argentina recovered an age of 227.94 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[922,943,350,374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">+</emphasis>
0.83/ 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1001,1022,350,374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">¯</emphasis>
1.67 for the top of the 
<taxonomicName authority="AZ" authorityName="AZ" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1295,1467,351,374]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
AZ
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Desojo, J. B. &amp; Fiorelli, L. E. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Ramezani, J. &amp; Da-Rosa, A. &amp; Baczko, M. B. &amp; Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Montefeltro, F. C. &amp; Ezpeleta, M. &amp; Langer, M. C." box="[897,1103,383,406]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="12782" part="10" refId="ref10460" refString="Desojo, J. B., Fiorelli, L. E., Ezcurra, M. D., Martinelli, A. G., Ramezani, J., Da-Rosa, A., Baczko, M. B., Trotteyn, M. J., Montefeltro, F. C., Ezpeleta, M. &amp; Langer, M. C. 2020. The Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation at Cerro Las Lajas (La Rioja, Argentina): fossil tetrapods, high-resolution chronostratigraphy, and faunal correlations. Scientific Reports, 10, 12782. doi: 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 67854 - 1" title="The Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation at Cerro Las Lajas (La Rioja, Argentina): fossil tetrapods, high-resolution chronostratigraphy, and faunal correlations" type="journal article" year="2020">
Desojo 
<emphasis box="[984,1041,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), indicating an age of 
<emphasis box="[1358,1370,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">c</emphasis>
. 228 Ma for the 
<taxonomicName box="[952,1088,416,439]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[952,1088,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
biozone. A similar age (late Carnian/early Norian, Late Triassic) for the 
<taxonomicName box="[1330,1466,448,471]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1330,1466,448,471]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-Assemblage Zone is inferred in the Candelaria Sequence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[844,1467,561,812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,1125,561,584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ontogenetic assessment.</emphasis>
The presence of some muscle attachment structures (e.g. anterior trochanter; anterolateral scar) in the femur of CAPPA/UFSM 0293 suggests some degree of development if the ontogenetic pathways of other archosauriforms are considered (
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1111224" part="36" refId="ref11319" refString="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2016. The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 36, e 1111224. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2016. 1111224" title="The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="2016">Griffin &amp; Nesbitt 2016</bibRefCitation>
). However, it is currently not possible to confirm whether the specimen reached its maximum size or not.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="2.[844,1467,837,1314]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,961,837,860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[980,1261,837,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[980,1261,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other known proterochampsids in (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1261,1274,860,884]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">*</emphasis>
local autapomorphies): possessing a slender femur; presence of an anterior trochanter on the femoral head; presence of a raised anterolateral scar above the anterior trochanter; fourth trochanter restricted to the proximal half of the femur; tibia approximately 84% the total length of the femur; in proximal view, the cnemial crest of the tibia is subequal in size to the proximal condyles; fibula with an iliofibularis tubercle on the proximal portion of the shaft 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[896,909,1153,1177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">*</emphasis>
; proximal third of the fibular shaft is anteroposteriorly expanded, tapering distally 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1237,1250,1185,1209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">*</emphasis>
; ratio between the minimum midshaft width of metatarsal II and its total length is 0.12; ratio between femoral length and metatarsal III is 2.5; and digit V with a phalanx 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1318,1331,1283,1307]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">*</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[844,1236,1390,1418]" box="[844,1236,1390,1418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,1236,1390,1418]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,1236,1390,1418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description and comparison</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[844,1467,1455,1901]" box="[844,965,1455,1481]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,965,1455,1481]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,965,1455,1481]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Overview</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[844,1467,1455,1901]" lastBlockId="3.[159,781,1748,1867]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The preserved right hind limb of the holotype is entirely articulated (
<figureCitation box="[974,1042,1521,1544]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1799,1820]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). Right hind limb in A, medial and B, lateral views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; a, astragalus; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; c, calcaneum; cc, cnemial crest; f, femur; fh, femoral head; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; mc, medial condyle; mt, metatarsal; pf, popliteal fossa; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331382/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Some portions of the specimen are covered by a thick concretion layer, especially the femoral midshaft and the ankle. The external surface is wellpreserved in several places, revealing some muscle attachment points. However, the specimen was deformed by sedimentary compression. Therefore, the elements are lateromedially compressed, affecting the original shape. As result, the midshaft of the limb bones is collapsed, showing artificial longitudinal grooves or sulci. Part of the fibular midshaft is not preserved. The same is true for the distal portion of metatarsal IV, precluding us from determining its total length. According to the femoral length (147 mm), the specimen is smaller than the Argentinian taxa from the Ischigualasto Formation: 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(155 mm; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." box="[452,724,1812,1835]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="111388" part="9" refId="ref13849" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2014. Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 111388. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0111388" title="Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="2014">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2014</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[159,472,1844,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[159,472,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(179 mm; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J." box="[587,734,1844,1867]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="424 - 446" part="48" refId="ref13672" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. 2011. Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina. Ameghiniana, 48, 424 - 446." title="Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331378/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[159,226,1593,1614]" targetBox="[162,1461,192,1552]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[159,1466,1593,1667]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,253,1593,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Provenance of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[413,655,1593,1614]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[413,655,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[664,818,1593,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1061,1085,1593,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A,</emphasis>
location and geological context of the Varzea do Agudo site (Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; modified from Muller 
<emphasis box="[1001,1055,1619,1640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">et al.</emphasis>
2020a); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1149,1171,1619,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B,</emphasis>
general view of the site; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1443,1466,1619,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C,</emphasis>
reconstruction of the skeleton of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[482,722,1646,1667]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[482,722,1646,1667]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[730,881,1646,1667]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293) depicting the preserved elements.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="3.[844,1467,1749,1869]" box="[844,929,1749,1775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,929,1749,1775]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,929,1749,1775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Femur</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[844,1467,1749,1869]" lastBlockId="5.[159,782,189,1731]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The femur (
<figureCitation box="[990,1061,1782,1805]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) is sigmoid in lateral and medial views. The extremities are well ossified and expanded. The femoral head is mainly anteriorly directed, whereas in other proterochampsids it is more medially oriented. Diagenetic processes might have exaggerated this condition. The general morphology of the femoral head resembles that of proterochampsids, whereas it differs from the anteromedially expanded femoral head of dinosaurs (
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J." box="[232,374,350,373]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 292" part="352" refId="ref12343" refString="Nesbitt, S. J. 2011. The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 352, 1 - 292." title="The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades" type="journal article" year="2011">Nesbitt 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and from the hook-shaped head of lagerpetids and pterosaurs (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." box="[472,710,383,406]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[571,632,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2020a
</bibRefCitation>
). The proximal articular surface bears a shallow straight groove (
<figureCitation box="[256,344,447,470]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), which is usually absent in proterochampsids, except in an unnamed rhadinosuchine (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Gower, D. J. &amp; Sennikov, A. G. &amp; Butler, R. J." box="[166,416,512,535]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="717 - 783" part="185" refId="ref10813" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Gower, D. J., Sennikov, A. G. &amp; Butler, R. J. 2019. The osteology of the holotype of the early erythrosuchid Garjainia prima (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the upper Lower Triassic of European Russia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185, 717 - 783." title="The osteology of the holotype of the early erythrosuchid Garjainia prima (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the upper Lower Triassic of European Russia" type="book" year="2019">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[273,342,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
; CRILAR-Pv 491) from the Chanares Formation. There is an anterior tuber (
<emphasis box="[721,780,544,567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D." box="[159,304,576,599]" journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1778" part="4" refId="ref10617" refString="Ezcurra, M. D. 2016. The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms. PeerJ, 4, e 1778. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 1778" title="The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms" type="journal article" year="2016">Ezcurra 2016</bibRefCitation>
) on the proximal portion of the femur, and although the bone lacks a posteromedial tuber, the posterior tuber is present. The greater trochanter is rounded and tall (
<figureCitation box="[261,344,674,697]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), differing from the typical angled trochanter of dinosaurs, and in the same way, there is no dorsolateral trochanter on the proximal portion of the bone. Conversely, the anterolateral surface bears a raised and rugose area (
<figureCitation box="[354,439,803,826]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) where the anterior (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[680,701,802,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">¼</emphasis>
lesser) trochanter is reported for a number of archosauriforms (e.g. ornithosuchids, aetosaurs, dinosauriforms). Whereas the anterior trochanter is absent in several proterochampsids (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[341,597,932,955]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[455,523,932,955]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
), the structure occurs in the holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[460,662,964,987]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[460,662,964,987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PULR-V 05; M. D. Ezcurra, pers. comm.). A trochanteric shelf is not associated with the anterior trochanter, and the proximal-most portion of this trochanter is completely connected to the shaft. Slightly above the proximal tip of the anterior trochanter there is an additional scar, which resembles the anterolateral scar (
<emphasis box="[521,580,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1111224" part="36" refId="ref11319" refString="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2016. The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 36, e 1111224. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2016. 1111224" title="The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="2016">Griffin &amp; Nesbitt 2016</bibRefCitation>
) of aphanosaurs and dinosauriforms. There is a similar scar in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[334,535,1223,1246]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[334,535,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PULR-V 05; M. D. Ezcurra, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[159,782,189,1731]" lastBlockId="5.[844,1467,189,635]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The transition from the femoral head to the shaft is smooth. The fourth trochanter rests on the posterior surface of the proximal third of the femur (
<figureCitation box="[534,614,1352,1375]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). It is crest-like and symmetrical in shape. Its medial surface is ornamented with muscle scars. The distal portion of the fourth trochanter does not extend further down along the femoral shaft. In contrast, the fourth trochanter is strongly proximodistally developed in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[304,495,1514,1537]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[304,495,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Ezcurra et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Ezcurra" baseAuthorityYear="2019" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Chanaresuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chanaresuchus bonapartei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Gower, D. J. &amp; Sennikov, A. G. &amp; Butler, R. J." box="[237,446,1546,1569]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="717 - 783" part="185" refId="ref10813" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Gower, D. J., Sennikov, A. G. &amp; Butler, R. J. 2019. The osteology of the holotype of the early erythrosuchid Garjainia prima (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the upper Lower Triassic of European Russia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185, 717 - 783." title="The osteology of the holotype of the early erythrosuchid Garjainia prima (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the upper Lower Triassic of European Russia" type="book" year="2019">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[329,385,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The midshaft is slender. The robustness index (RI, 
<emphasis box="[391,448,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, J. A. &amp; Upchurch, P." box="[458,733,1578,1601]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="125 - 160" part="1" refId="ref13964" refString="Wilson, J. A. &amp; Upchurch, P. 2003. A revision of Titanosaurus Lydekker (Dinosauria-Sauropoda), the first dinosaur genus with a ' Gondwanan' distribution. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 1, 125 - 160." title="A revision of Titanosaurus Lydekker (Dinosauria-Sauropoda), the first dinosaur genus with a ' Gondwanan' distribution" type="journal article" year="2003">Wilson &amp; Upchurch 2003</bibRefCitation>
; i.e. average of the greatest widths of the proximal end, midshaft and distal end of the element divided by the length of the element) is 0.14. For comparison, this is slightly slenderer than that of some early dinosaurs, such as 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pacheco, Müller, Langer, Pretto, Kerber &amp; Dias-da-Silva" authorityYear="2019" box="[844,1094,189,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Herrerasauridae" genus="Gnathovorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabreirai">
<emphasis box="[844,1094,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gnathovorax cabreirai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.16) and 
<taxonomicName box="[1255,1466,189,212]" class="Reptilia" genus="Buriolestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schultzi">
<emphasis box="[1255,1466,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Buriolestes schultzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.15; Muller &amp; Garcia 2022).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[844,1467,189,635]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The anterior surface of the distal portion bears an extensor fossa (
<figureCitation box="[1029,1120,286,309]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
), which results in a concave anterior margin in distal view. On the opposite side, the popliteal fossa is well delimited (
<figureCitation box="[1210,1291,351,374]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetId="figure-285@6.[159,1467,188,1179]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Right femur of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, anterior, B, lateral, C, proximal, D, distal, E, medial and F, posterior views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crita tibiofibularis; ef, externsor fossa; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; pf, popliteal fossa; pg, proximal groove; pt, posterior tuber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). It is proximodistally short, approximately 10% of the total length of the bone. This condition distinguishes the specimen from silesaurids and aphanosaurs, where the fossa is considerably longer (
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Sidor, C. A. &amp; Irmis, R. B. &amp; Angielczyk, K. D. &amp; Smith, R. M. &amp; Tsuji, L. A." box="[1075,1281,482,505]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="95 - 98" part="464" refId="ref12380" refString="Nesbitt, S. J., Sidor, C. A., Irmis, R. B., Angielczyk, K. D., Smith, R. M. &amp; Tsuji, L. A. 2010. Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister group shows early diversification of Ornithodira. Nature, 464, 95 - 98." title="Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister group shows early diversification of Ornithodira" type="journal article" year="2010">
Nesbitt 
<emphasis box="[1163,1219,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Butler, R. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Charig, A. J. &amp; Barrett, P. M." box="[1297,1350,482,505]" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="142 - 177" part="17" refId="ref12442" refString="Nesbitt, S. J., Butler, R. J., Ezcurra, M. D., Charig, A. J. &amp; Barrett, P. M. 2017. The anatomy of Teleocrater rhadinus, an early avemetatarsalian from the lower portion of the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (Middle Triassic). Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17, 142 - 177." title="The anatomy of Teleocrater rhadinus, an early avemetatarsalian from the lower portion of the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (Middle Triassic)" type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
). The distal condyles are approximately at the same level in anterior or posterior views. In addition, the lateral surface between the lateral condyle and the crista tibiofibularis is smooth, lacking a deep groove.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[844,1467,695,1731]" box="[844,911,695,721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,911,695,721]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,911,695,721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tibia</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[844,1467,695,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The tibia (
<figureCitation box="[965,1032,728,751]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) is 84% the total length of the femur (
<tableCitation box="[853,963,761,784]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[302,361,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/ UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA">Table 1</tableCitation>
). This resembles the condition in 
<taxonomicName box="[844,1208,794,817]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis box="[844,1208,794,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where it is approximately 82% (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." box="[991,1265,827,850]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="111388" part="9" refId="ref13849" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2014. Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 111388. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0111388" title="Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="2014">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2014</bibRefCitation>
), and differs from both 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[914,1247,859,882]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[914,1247,859,882]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(74.5%; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J." journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="424 - 446" part="48" refId="ref13672" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. 2011. Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina. Ameghiniana, 48, 424 - 446." title="Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arcucci" authorityYear="1990" box="[967,1204,892,915]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Tropidosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">
<emphasis box="[967,1204,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tropidosuchus romeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(100%; 
<bibRefCitation author="Arcucci, A. B." box="[1305,1451,892,915]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="365 - 378" part="27" refId="ref9586" refString="Arcucci, A. B. 1990. Un nuevo Proterochampsidae (Reptilia- Archosauriformes) de la fauna local de Los Chanares (Triasico Medio), La Rioja, Argentina. Ameghiniana, 27, 365 - 378." title="Un nuevo Proterochampsidae (Reptilia- Archosauriformes) de la fauna local de Los Chanares (Triasico Medio), La Rioja, Argentina" type="journal article" year="1990">Arcucci 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The bone is straight in anterior/posterior or medial/lateral views. The proximal portion is strongly expanded and is triangular in shape in proximal view (
<figureCitation box="[1252,1332,990,1013]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). The anterior half of the proximal margin is proximally projected in medial view. In medial or lateral views, the well-developed cnemial crest extends anteriorly, and in proximal view it is straight and the anterior margin is rounded. The cnemial crest is sub-equal in size regarding the proximal condyles, distinguishing the new species from 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[844,1164,1218,1241]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[844,1164,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where the crest is proportionally smaller. The posterior and lateral condyles are sub-equal in size. The lateral condyle is offset regarding the posterior condyle. The posterior condyle does not taper posteriorly. The presence of any crest on the lateral surface of the proximal portion of the bone is uncertain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[844,1467,695,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The midshaft is ovoid in cross-section. The bone wall is thick, distinct from the thin walls of several pan-avians and some crocodylomorphs (
<bibRefCitation author="Kellner, A. W. &amp; Holgado, B. &amp; Grillo, O. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Lopes, R. T. &amp; Araujo, O. &amp; M uller €, R. T" box="[1226,1451,1479,1502]" journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="13276" part="10" refId="ref11629" refString="Kellner, A. W., Holgado, B., Grillo, O., Pretto, F. A., Kerber, L., Pinheiro, F. L., Soares, M. B., Schultz, C. L., Lopes, R. T., Araujo, O. &amp; M uller €, R. T. 2022. Reassessment of Faxinalipterus minimus, a purported Triassic pterosaur from southern Brazil with the description of a new taxon. PeerJ, 10, e 13276. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 13276" title="Reassessment of Faxinalipterus minimus, a purported Triassic pterosaur from southern Brazil with the description of a new taxon" type="journal article" year="2022">
Kellner 
<emphasis box="[1322,1377,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
). The distal portion of the bone is moderately expanded. It lacks a posterolateral process. There is a proximodistally oriented groove on the lateral surface of the distal portion (
<figureCitation box="[961,1062,1610,1633]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). It is more pronounced in 
<taxonomicName authority="(Trotteyn 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[844,1359,1642,1665]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[844,1172,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J." box="[1190,1348,1642,1665]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="424 - 446" part="48" refId="ref13672" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. 2011. Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina. Ameghiniana, 48, 424 - 446." title="Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The distal outline of the tibia is elliptical. It is anteroposteriorly longer than transversely wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[156,177,1765,1784]" box="[156,177,1765,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis box="[156,177,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">·</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331382/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[159,226,1799,1820]" subCaptionStartIDs="5.[230,378,1825,1846]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[159,1467,188,1885]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="5.[159,1466,1799,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,253,1799,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[390,632,1799,1820]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[390,632,1799,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[641,794,1799,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293). Right hind limb in 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1228,1252,1799,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A,</emphasis>
medial and 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1377,1399,1799,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B,</emphasis>
lateral views. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[230,412,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Abbreviations: 4t</emphasis>
, fourth trochanter; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[609,621,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">a</emphasis>
, astragalus; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[749,777,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">als</emphasis>
, anterolateral scar; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[976,996,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">at</emphasis>
, anterior trochanter; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1209,1220,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">c</emphasis>
, calcaneum; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1354,1375,1825,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">cc</emphasis>
, cnemial crest; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[221,229,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">f</emphasis>
, femur; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[320,341,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fh</emphasis>
, femoral head; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[504,518,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fi</emphasis>
, fibula; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[608,630,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ift</emphasis>
, iliofibularis tubercle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[862,892,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">mc</emphasis>
, medial condyle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1105,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">mt</emphasis>
, metatarsal; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1236,1257,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pf</emphasis>
, popliteal fossa; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1434,1460,1852,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ph</emphasis>
, phalanx; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[248,256,1879,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">t</emphasis>
, tibia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331384/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[159,226,1200,1221]" targetBox="[159,1467,188,1179]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[159,1467,1200,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,253,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Right femur of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[420,661,1200,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[420,661,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[670,823,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1087,1110,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A,</emphasis>
anterior, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1207,1229,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B,</emphasis>
lateral, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1311,1334,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C,</emphasis>
proximal, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1443,1467,1200,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D,</emphasis>
distal, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[224,246,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E,</emphasis>
medial and 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[371,391,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">F,</emphasis>
posterior views. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[562,742,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abbreviations: 4t</emphasis>
, fourth trochanter; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[934,962,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">als</emphasis>
, anterolateral scar; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1156,1176,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">at</emphasis>
, anterior trochanter; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1410,1226,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ctf</emphasis>
, crita tibiofibularis; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[296,314,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ef</emphasis>
, externsor fossa; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[489,510,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">fh</emphasis>
, femoral head; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[667,687,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">gt</emphasis>
, greater trochanter; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[887,904,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lc</emphasis>
, lateral condyle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1076,1106,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">mc</emphasis>
, medial condyle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1284,1305,1253,1274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pf</emphasis>
, popliteal fossa; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,184,1280,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pg</emphasis>
, proximal groove; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[372,393,1280,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pt</emphasis>
, posterior tuber.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="6.[159,782,1349,1901]" box="[159,241,1349,1375]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading bold="true" box="[159,241,1349,1375]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,241,1349,1375]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fibula</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[159,782,1349,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The total length of the fibula (
<figureCitation box="[546,619,1383,1406]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) is uncertain because a portion of the midshaft is not preserved. The bone is straight in anterior or lateral views, and the proximal articular surface is anteroposteriorly expanded and transversely compressed (
<figureCitation box="[501,588,1515,1538]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). It differs from the rounded to elliptical proximal end of some pseudosuchians (e.g. 
<taxonomicName box="[328,617,1581,1604]" class="Reptilia" family="Ornithosuchidae" genus="Dynamosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collisensis">
<emphasis box="[328,617,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dynamosuchus collisensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huene" authorityYear="1942" class="Reptilia" genus="Prestosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chiniquensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prestosuchus chiniquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In proximal view, the lateral margin is convex but the medial margin is concave. In lateral view, the posterior margin projects posteriorly, whereas the anterior margin lacks any anterior expansion. Conversely, in non-proterochampsid proterochampsians (e.g. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Long &amp; Murry" authorityYear="1995" box="[246,475,1779,1802]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Vancleavea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campi">
<emphasis box="[246,475,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vancleavea campi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName box="[523,773,1779,1802]" class="Reptilia" genus="Litorosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="somnii">
<emphasis box="[523,773,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Litorosuchus somnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoch &amp; Sues" authorityYear="2014" box="[159,398,1812,1835]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Jaxtasuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salomoni">
<emphasis box="[159,398,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Jaxtasuchus salomoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) the proximal portion is symmetrical to nearly symmetrical in lateral view. The posterior margin of the proximal third of the bone is sharp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[844,1468,1349,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The proximal third of the midshaft is anteroposteriorly expanded, being wider than the tibia (
<figureCitation box="[1356,1451,1382,1405]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Conversely, the shaft becomes extremely slender for the next two-thirds, being approximately two times narrower than the tibia. This is an unusual condition and distinguishes the specimen from other proterochampsids. Furthermore, there is an iliofibularis tubercle on the proximal portion of the shaft (
<figureCitation box="[1129,1241,1581,1604]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
), a feature absent in other proterochampsids. The condition in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the more distally located tubercle of several pseudosuchians and rhynchosaurs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[844,1468,1349,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The distal portion of the fibula is gently expanded. It is approximately 0.45 times the maximum length of the proximal articular surface (
<tableCitation box="[1141,1224,1779,1802]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[302,361,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/ UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA">Table 1</tableCitation>
). There is a faint longitudinal ridge running on the anterolateral margin. The distal articular surface is flat to concave. In distal view (
<figureCitation box="[853,937,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-352@7.[159,1467,188,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Right tibia and fibula of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, anterior, C, proximal, D, $distal, E, posterior and F, lateral views. $Only fibula is visible in distal view. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; lc, lateral condyle; lg, lateral groove; pc, posterior condyle; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
), it is ovoid to triangular.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331386" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331386/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[159,226,1129,1150]" targetBox="[159,1467,188,1108]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph blockId="7.[159,1466,1129,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,255,1129,1150]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Right tibia and fibula of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[523,766,1129,1150]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[523,766,1129,1150]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[777,936,1129,1150]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1206,1230,1129,1150]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A,</emphasis>
medial, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1321,1343,1129,1150]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B,</emphasis>
anterior, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1443,1466,1129,1150]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C,</emphasis>
proximal, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[260,306,1148,1177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D, *</emphasis>
distal, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[373,395,1156,1177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E,</emphasis>
posterior and 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[543,564,1156,1177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F,</emphasis>
lateral views. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[714,726,1148,1170]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">*</emphasis>
Only fibula is visible in distal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1101,1283,1156,1177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abbreviations: cc</emphasis>
, cnemial crest; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1461,1156,1177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">fi</emphasis>
, fibula; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[228,250,1183,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ift</emphasis>
, iliofibularis tubercle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[474,491,1183,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">lc</emphasis>
, lateral condyle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[661,679,1183,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">lg</emphasis>
, lateral groove; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[841,865,1183,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">pc</emphasis>
, posterior condyle; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1060,1068,1183,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">t</emphasis>
, tibia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="7.[159,782,1247,1901]" box="[159,367,1247,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading bold="true" box="[159,367,1247,1273]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,367,1247,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Proximal tarsals</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[159,782,1247,1901]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The astragalus and calcaneum are poorly preserved (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1799,1820]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). Right hind limb in A, medial and B, lateral views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; a, astragalus; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; c, calcaneum; cc, cnemial crest; f, femur; fh, femoral head; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; mc, medial condyle; mt, metatarsal; pf, popliteal fossa; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 5). The astragalus is transversely wider (20.5 mm) than anteroposteriorly long (11 mm). The anterior margin of the astragalus is concave in dorsal view (
<figureCitation box="[606,691,1381,1404]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1799,1820]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[159,1467,188,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293). Right hind limb in A, medial and B, lateral views. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; a, astragalus; als, anterolateral scar; at, anterior trochanter; c, calcaneum; cc, cnemial crest; f, femur; fh, femoral head; fi, fibula; ift, iliofibularis tubercle; mc, medial condyle; mt, metatarsal; pf, popliteal fossa; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
, 5B). A transverse groove runs on the posterior surface of the bone. The presence or absence of foramina on this posterior groove is uncertain because it is badly preserved. As in other proterochampsids, the tibial facet is wider than the fibular facet. The latter facet is dorsolaterally oriented, resembling the condition of 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Chanaresuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chanaresuchus bonapartei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[330,649,1613,1636]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[330,649,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas in 
<taxonomicName box="[159,521,1646,1669]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis box="[159,521,1646,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is dorsally oriented (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." box="[166,453,1679,1702]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="111388" part="9" refId="ref13849" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2014. Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 111388. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0111388" title="Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="2014">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The ventral surface of the bone is transversely convex. The calcaneum is 10 mm in width (approximately half of the astragalar width). There is a posterolaterally oriented calcaneal tuber. This structure is sub-rectangular, with a straight lateral margin. In dorsal view, the posterolateral corner of the calcaneal tuber is rounded (
<figureCitation box="[350,431,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[844,1467,1247,1901]" box="[844,992,1247,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,992,1247,1273]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,992,1247,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Metatarsals</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[844,1467,1247,1901]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
As in other proterochampsids, the metatarsals (
<figureCitation box="[1388,1457,1281,1304]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) overlap each other. Metatarsal I is shorter than metatarsals II–IV (
<figureCitation box="[983,1071,1348,1371]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). It is almost three times shorter than metatarsal III (
<tableCitation box="[1063,1146,1381,1404]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[302,361,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/ UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The proximal articular surface is transversely expanded. There is a longitudinal smooth crest on the dorsomedial corner of the proximal half of the bone. The distal end is moderately expanded. The lateral condyle is more pronounced dorsally than the medial one. There is a shallow extensor fossa on the dorsal surface of the distal portion. The presence of collateral ligament pits on the condylar sides is uncertain. The distal articular surface is not strongly ginglymoid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[844,1467,1247,1901]" lastBlockId="9.[159,781,1160,1901]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Metatarsal II is the stoutest metatarsal. The proximal articular surface is strongly expanded (
<tableCitation box="[1304,1394,1712,1735]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[302,361,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/ UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The ratio between the proximal articular surface and the total length is 0.39. It is 0.36 in 
<taxonomicName authority="(Ezcurra et al. 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Ezcurra" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1205,1466,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." box="[852,1066,1812,1835]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[946,1004,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Conversely, the shaft is stouter in 
<taxonomicName box="[844,1106,1845,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[844,1106,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where the ratio between the minimum midshaft width and the total length of metatarsal II is 0.17. In 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[446,721,1160,1183]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[446,721,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is 0.12. On the dorsal surface of the distal portion, there is a triangular extensor fossa. It is not possible to determine if the articular surface is ginglymoid. There is no evidence of a collateral ligament pit on the medial surface of the medial condyle. On the other hand, the lateral surface of the lateral condyle bears a well-delimited collateral ligament pit (
<figureCitation box="[418,501,1389,1412]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). In dorsal view, the lateral condyle is straight, whereas the medial condyle is slightly medially oriented. Both condyles are equally expanded distally, which is distinct from 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where the lateral condyle is far more extended distally (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." box="[253,464,1552,1575]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[347,403,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" targetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph blockId="8.[159,1468,1935,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,252,1935,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Right pes of 
<taxonomicName authority="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca, 2022" authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[393,634,1935,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[393,634,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[643,795,1935,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1057,1080,1935,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A,</emphasis>
medial, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1167,1189,1935,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B,</emphasis>
lateral and 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1307,1331,1935,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C,</emphasis>
dorsal views. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,330,1962,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Abbreviations: a</emphasis>
, astragalus; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[453,464,1962,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">c</emphasis>
, calcaneum; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[594,622,1962,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">mt</emphasis>
, metatarsal; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[747,773,1962,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ph</emphasis>
, phalanx; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[877,885,1962,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">t</emphasis>
, tibia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[302,361,189,210]" targetBox="[302,1323,253,495]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph blockId="9.[302,1323,189,236]" box="[302,1323,189,210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[302,395,189,210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table 1.</emphasis>
Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[963,1215,189,210]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[963,1215,189,210]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CAPPA/
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[302,1323,189,236]" box="[302,439,215,236]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">UFSM 0293).</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<table box="[302,1323,253,495]" gridcols="4" gridrows="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<tr box="[302,1323,253,274]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,253,274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Element</th>
<th box="[550,618,253,274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Length</th>
<th box="[730,988,253,274]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Maximum proximal width</th>
<th box="[1100,1323,253,274]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Maximum distal width</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,287,308]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,287,308]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Femur</th>
<td box="[550,618,287,308]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">147</td>
<td box="[730,988,287,308]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">29</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,287,308]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">24</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,314,335]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,314,335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tibia</th>
<td box="[550,618,314,335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">124</td>
<td box="[730,988,314,335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">31</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,314,335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,340,362]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,340,362]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fibula</th>
<td box="[550,618,340,362]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</td>
<td box="[730,988,340,362]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">22</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,340,362]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">10</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,367,388]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,367,388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metatarsal I</th>
<td box="[550,618,367,388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21</td>
<td box="[730,988,367,388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">10</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,367,388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,394,415]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,394,415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metatarsal II</th>
<td box="[550,618,394,415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">48</td>
<td box="[730,988,394,415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,394,415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,421,442]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,421,442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metatarsal III</th>
<td box="[550,618,421,442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">58</td>
<td box="[730,988,421,442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">14</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,421,442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,447,469]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,447,469]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metatarsal IV</th>
<td box="[550,618,447,469]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</td>
<td box="[730,988,447,469]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,447,469]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[302,1323,474,495]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[302,437,474,495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metatarsal V</th>
<td box="[550,618,474,495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12</td>
<td box="[730,988,474,495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7</td>
<td box="[1100,1323,474,495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[159,218,560,581]" targetBox="[159,781,624,1079]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph blockId="9.[159,781,560,607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,258,560,581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table 2.</emphasis>
Measurements (in mm) of the phalanges of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[159,403,586,607]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[159,403,586,607]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CAPPA/UFSM 0293).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<table box="[159,781,624,1079]" gridcols="2" gridrows="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<tr box="[159,781,624,645]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<th box="[159,316,624,645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Element</th>
<th box="[713,781,624,645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,658,679]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,781,658,679]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Digit I</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,685,706]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,685,706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 1</td>
<td box="[713,781,685,706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,711,733]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,711,733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 2</td>
<td box="[713,781,711,733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,738,759]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan-1="1">
<td box="[159,316,738,759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Digit II</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,765,786]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,765,786]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 1</td>
<td box="[713,781,765,786]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,792,813]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,792,813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 2</td>
<td box="[713,781,792,813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">17</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,818,839]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,818,839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 3</td>
<td box="[713,781,818,839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">18</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,845,866]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,781,845,866]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Digit III</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,872,893]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,872,893]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 1</td>
<td box="[713,781,872,893]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,898,919]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,898,919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 2</td>
<td box="[713,781,898,919]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,925,946]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,925,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 3</td>
<td box="[713,781,925,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,952,973]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,952,973]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 4</td>
<td box="[713,781,952,973]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">10</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,978,999]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan-1="1">
<td box="[159,316,978,999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Digit IV</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,1005,1026]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan-1="1">
<td box="[159,316,1005,1026]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">No phalanges</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,1032,1053]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan-1="1">
<td box="[159,316,1032,1053]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Digit V</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[159,781,1058,1079]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<td box="[159,316,1058,1079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanx 1</td>
<td box="[713,781,1058,1079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[159,781,1160,1901]" lastBlockId="9.[844,1467,549,1227]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Metatarsal III is the longest (
<tableCitation box="[534,623,1584,1607]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[302,361,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of the right hind limb of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/ UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796E20FF69FE2CB8CA">Table 1</tableCitation>
), whereas its midshaft is slenderer than that of metatarsal II. Its proximal articular surface is moderately expanded (maximum proximal width is 14 mm), far less than the proximal articular surface of metatarsal II (19 mm). The distal articular surface resembles that of metatarsal II, with a marked extensor fossa on the dorsal surface and a collateral ligament pit on the lateral surface of the lateral condyle (
<figureCitation box="[265,351,1846,1869]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). The presence of the collateral ligament pit on the medial condyle is uncertain (it is covered by thick sediment). The lateral condyle is slightly more pronounced laterally than the lateral condyle of metatarsal II.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[844,1467,549,1227]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Metatarsal IV is incomplete (
<figureCitation box="[1211,1298,647,670]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). The element does not preserve the distal portion. Therefore, its total length is uncertain. The preserved part is 30 mm in length. Despite its condition, the element is longer than metatarsals I and V. The proximal articular surface is not transversely expanded. The general morphology of the element is simple. It comprises an elongated and compressed shaft. Distinct from the previous metatarsals, metatarsal IV is plate-like in cross-section.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[844,1467,549,1227]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Metatarsal V is the shortest (
<figureCitation box="[1203,1288,942,965]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
), being slightly shorter than phalanx 1 of digit I. In this sense, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[845,1123,1007,1030]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[845,1123,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where metatarsal V is slightly longer than the phalanx 1 from digit I (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="111388" part="9" refId="ref13849" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2014. Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 111388. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0111388" title="Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="2014">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The proximal articular surface is moderately expanded and ‘U’-shaped in ventral view. The shaft tapers distally to an unexpanded and featureless distal end, which bears no distal condyles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[844,1467,1286,1901]" box="[844,971,1286,1312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,971,1286,1312]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,971,1286,1312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phalanges</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[844,1467,1286,1901]" lastBlockId="10.[159,782,189,698]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The phalangeal formula is 2-3-4-?-1 (
<figureCitation box="[1261,1326,1320,1343]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Other proterochampsids lack phalanges in digit V. The first phalanx of digit I is longer than broad. This is the same pattern observed in the other phalanges of the specimen. This phalanx is shorter than the first phalanx from digits II and III (
<tableCitation box="[968,1052,1484,1507]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="9.[159,218,560,581]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 2. Measurements (in mm) of the phalanges of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The dorsal intercondylar process is moderately developed and the distal articular surface is ginglymoid. There is an extensor depression on the dorsal surface of the distal portion. This surface receives the extensor tubercle from the ungual phalanx. The ungual (distal-most) phalanx of digit I lacks its distal half. The phalanx is transversely compressed and tapers distally (at least, the preserved portion). The flexor tubercle is poorly developed (
<figureCitation box="[1172,1255,1747,1770]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). The first phalanx of digit II is similar in shape to that of digit I. However, the phalanx from digit II is larger (
<figureCitation box="[1245,1330,1813,1836]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Phalanx 2 is slightly smaller. Its anatomy is obscured by a thick layer of concretion. The ungual phalanx of digit II is clearly the largest ungual. It is transversely compressed and tapers to a sharp point. The ungual is not ventrally recurved and lacks a well-developed flexor tubercle. Digit III is the longest (
<figureCitation box="[424,506,286,309]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). The first phalanx from digit III is sub-equal in length to the first phalanx of digit II (
<tableCitation box="[259,344,351,374]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="9.[159,218,560,581]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 2. Measurements (in mm) of the phalanges of Stenoscelida aurantiacus (CAPPA/UFSM 0293)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="DF1723D6FFDCB7796F91FDE4FDE4BA79">Table 2</tableCitation>
). On the other hand, the shaft of this phalanx is more gracile. The extensor fossa is deep on the dorsal surface of the distal portion. The subsequent phalanges of this digit are smaller. The ungual is remarkably smaller than that of digit II. The number of phalanges in digit IV is unknown and the distal portion of metatarsal IV is not preserved. Therefore, the absence of phalanges is ambiguous. The phalanx of digit V (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[159,226,1935,1956]" captionTargetBox="[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[212,1414,188,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Right pes of Stenoscelida aurantiacus gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0293) in A, medial, B, lateral and C, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, astragalus; c, calcaneum; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanx; t, tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331389/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
) is reduced to an elongated structure with a concave proximal articular surface. No condyles or other structures are present in this vestigial element.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[159,435,774,802]" box="[159,435,774,802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading bold="true" box="[159,435,774,802]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,435,774,802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Phylogenetic results</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[159,781,840,1901]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
The phylogenetic analysis recovered 39,200 most parsimonious trees (MPTs) of 6287 steps (consistency index 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,180,905,929]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">¼</emphasis>
0.18375; retention index 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[457,478,905,929]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">¼</emphasis>
0.63457). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nests within 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[418,618,938,961]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
in all MPTs (
<figureCitation box="[167,251,970,993]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[160,1448,190,1342]" captionTargetId="figure-55@11.[159,1467,188,1359]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Results of the phylogenetic analysis depicting the position of Stenoscelida aurantiacus. A, time-calibrated reduced strict consensus tree (number on nodes represent Bremer support values higher than 1); B, strict consensus tree depicting the occurrence and distribution of the anterior trochanter (at) and the anterolateral scar (als) in the proximal portion of the femora of some panarchosaurs. Femora of Tanystropheus sp. (Tanystropheidae; PIMUZ A/III 771; Spiekman &amp; Scheyer 2019), Malerisaurus-like (Allokotosauria; TMM 31025-265; Nesbitt et al. 2022), Hyperodapedon sp. (Rhynchosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0206), Prolacerta broomi (Prolacertidae; UWBM 95529; Spiekman 2018), Garjainia prima (Erythrosuchidae; PIN 951/61-1; Maidment et al. 2020), Stenoscelida aurantiacus (Proterochampsidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0293); Mystriosuchus steinbergeri (Phytosauria; NHMW 1986/0024/ 0012; Butler et al. 2019), Dynamosuchus collisensis (Ornithosuchidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0248); Archeopelta arborensis (Erpetosuchidae; CPEZ-239a; Desojo et al. 2011), Aetosauroides scagliai (Aetosauria; ULBRA-PVT-003; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2014), Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Loricata; ULBRA-PVT-281; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2020); Teleocrater rhadinus (Aphanosauria; NHMUK PV R6795; Nesbitt et al. 2017), Dromomeron romeri (Lagerpetiae; GR 1308; Griffin et al. 2019); Raeticodactylus filisurensis (Pterosauria; BNM 14524; Ezcurra et al. 2020a); Asilisaurus kongwe (Silesauridae; cast of NMT RB159), Buriolestes schultzi (Dinosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0035)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331391/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). The clade is supported by 19 synapomorphies, of which three are coded for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[477,743,1003,1026]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[477,743,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1) midshaft diameter of metatarsal II is more than the midshaft diameter of metatarsal I (ch. 572: 0
<emphasis bold="true" box="[628,655,1067,1091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">!</emphasis>
1); 2) midshaft diameter of metatarsal IV is lower than that of metatarsal III (ch. 573: 0
<emphasis bold="true" box="[425,452,1132,1156]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">!</emphasis>
1); and 3) crest-like fourth trochanter, dorsoventrally/anteroposteriorly taller than or equal to the shaft at its minimum depth (ch. 803: 1
<emphasis bold="true" box="[726,753,1197,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">!</emphasis>
2). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[159,359,1230,1253]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
is the sister group to 
<taxonomicName box="[636,777,1230,1253]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Doswelliidae</taxonomicName>
, which is composed of 
<emphasis box="[481,774,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rugarhynchus sixmilensis</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Colbert" authorityYear="1960" box="[159,499,1295,1318]" class="Reptilia" genus="Sphodrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanicus">
<emphasis box="[159,499,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sphodrosaurus pennsylvanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Weems" authorityYear="1980" box="[530,781,1295,1318]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Doswellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaltenbachi">
<emphasis box="[530,781,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Doswellia kaltenbachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoch &amp; Sues" authorityYear="2014" box="[226,479,1327,1350]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Jaxtasuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salomoni">
<emphasis box="[226,479,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Jaxtasuchus salomoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The clade supporting 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[159,359,1360,1383]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[363,384,1359,1383]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">+</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[388,526,1360,1383]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Doswelliidae</taxonomicName>
is in a trichotomy with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sues, Schoch, Sobral &amp; Irmis" authorityYear="2020" box="[159,403,1392,1415]" class="Reptilia" genus="Polymorphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adorfi">
<emphasis box="[159,403,1392,1415]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polymorphodon adorfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and an unnamed clade composed of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Long &amp; Murry" authorityYear="1995" box="[197,400,1424,1447]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Vancleavea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campi">
<emphasis box="[197,400,1424,1447]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Vancleavea campi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis box="[472,702,1424,1447]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName box="[472,698,1424,1447]" class="Reptilia" genus="Litorosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="somnii">Litorosuchus somnii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
These clades are included within Proterochampsia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[159,781,840,1901]" lastBlockId="10.[844,1467,189,374]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Regarding the internal relationships of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[159,366,1521,1544]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
, there is a polytomy composed of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[159,459,1554,1577]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[159,459,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arcucci" authorityYear="1990" box="[504,774,1554,1577]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Tropidosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">
<emphasis box="[504,774,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tropidosuchus romeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[159,411,1586,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[159,411,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[428,628,1586,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[428,628,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1959" box="[195,373,1619,1642]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[195,373,1619,1642]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Proterochampsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and Rhadinosuchinae in the strict consensus tree (
<figureCitation box="[336,421,1651,1674]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[160,1448,190,1342]" captionTargetId="figure-55@11.[159,1467,188,1359]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Results of the phylogenetic analysis depicting the position of Stenoscelida aurantiacus. A, time-calibrated reduced strict consensus tree (number on nodes represent Bremer support values higher than 1); B, strict consensus tree depicting the occurrence and distribution of the anterior trochanter (at) and the anterolateral scar (als) in the proximal portion of the femora of some panarchosaurs. Femora of Tanystropheus sp. (Tanystropheidae; PIMUZ A/III 771; Spiekman &amp; Scheyer 2019), Malerisaurus-like (Allokotosauria; TMM 31025-265; Nesbitt et al. 2022), Hyperodapedon sp. (Rhynchosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0206), Prolacerta broomi (Prolacertidae; UWBM 95529; Spiekman 2018), Garjainia prima (Erythrosuchidae; PIN 951/61-1; Maidment et al. 2020), Stenoscelida aurantiacus (Proterochampsidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0293); Mystriosuchus steinbergeri (Phytosauria; NHMW 1986/0024/ 0012; Butler et al. 2019), Dynamosuchus collisensis (Ornithosuchidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0248); Archeopelta arborensis (Erpetosuchidae; CPEZ-239a; Desojo et al. 2011), Aetosauroides scagliai (Aetosauria; ULBRA-PVT-003; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2014), Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Loricata; ULBRA-PVT-281; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2020); Teleocrater rhadinus (Aphanosauria; NHMUK PV R6795; Nesbitt et al. 2017), Dromomeron romeri (Lagerpetiae; GR 1308; Griffin et al. 2019); Raeticodactylus filisurensis (Pterosauria; BNM 14524; Ezcurra et al. 2020a); Asilisaurus kongwe (Silesauridae; cast of NMT RB159), Buriolestes schultzi (Dinosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0035)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331391/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Given the absence of overlapping elements between the new taxon and several other proterochampsids (e.g. 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barberena" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[478,774,1716,1739]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosa">
<emphasis box="[478,774,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Proterochampsa nodosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[159,414,1748,1771]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[159,414,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), these unresolved affinities are unsurprising. The new taxon, however, does not nest within Rhadinosuchinae in any of the MPTs, thus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[159,430,1846,1869]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[159,430,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a non-rhadinosuchine proterochampsid. The clade Rhadinosuchinae is composed of a trichotomy including 
<taxonomicName box="[1180,1459,189,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1180,1459,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName box="[844,1220,221,244]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis box="[844,1220,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Chanaresuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chanaresuchus bonapartei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Except for the polytomy at the base of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[844,1051,286,309]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
, the topology of the strict consensus tree is identical to that recovered by 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Sues, H. - D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1643 - 1677" part="19" refId="ref11112" refString="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Sues, H. - D. 2021. A re-assessment of the osteology and phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic, large-headed reptile Sphodrosaurus pennsylvanicus (Late Triassic, Pennsylvania, USA) indicates archosauriform affinities. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 19, 1643 - 1677. doi: 10.1080 / 14772019.2022.2057820" title="A re-assessment of the osteology and phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic, large-headed reptile Sphodrosaurus pennsylvanicus (Late Triassic, Pennsylvania, USA) indicates archosauriform affinities" type="journal article" year="2021">Ezcurra &amp; Sues (2021)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="10.[844,988,450,478]" box="[844,988,450,478]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,988,450,478]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,988,450,478]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Discussion</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[844,1467,514,1901]" box="[844,1067,514,540]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,1067,514,540]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,1067,514,540]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Taxonomic status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[844,1467,514,1901]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
In addition to a series of cranial features, proterochampsids are characterized by a metatarsal II with a robust midshaft, whereas metatarsal IV has a slender profile (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[852,1090,645,668]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[960,1022,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). The new taxon possesses this particular combination of traits. Therefore, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unequivocally assigned to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[844,1048,743,766]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
due to the shape of metatarsals. Moreover, this is supported by our phylogenetic analysis. Unfortunately, the absence of overlapping elements between 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[1034,1315,840,863]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[1034,1315,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and several other proterochampsids (especially the Brazilian forms) precludes a clear assessment of its specific phylogenetic relationships. 
<taxonomicName box="[1015,1286,938,961]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1015,1286,938,961]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only Brazilian proterochampsid from the 
<taxonomicName authority="AZ" authorityName="AZ" box="[1248,1467,970,993]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1248,1420,970,993]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
AZ
</taxonomicName>
that preserves any hind limb elements. Actually, the holotype preserves a left metatarsal II (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[1405,1467,1035,1058]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). It is the only comparable element between both taxa. The latter is a member of Rhadinosuchinae (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." box="[852,1089,1132,1155]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[954,1019,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
), a less inclusive clade within 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[845,1052,1165,1188]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
, a nesting reinforced by our results (see above). On the other hand, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not recovered as a rhadinosuchine in our analysis, and despite the few comparable elements, there are some differences between the metatarsal II of CAPPA/ UFSM 0293 (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[1020,1302,1327,1350]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[1020,1302,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and SNSB- BSPG AS XXV 50 (
<taxonomicName box="[1079,1333,1359,1382]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1079,1333,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In SNSB- BSPG AS XXV 50 the midshaft is stouter and the proximal articular surface is proportionally smaller than in CAPPA/UFSM 0293. The medial and lateral condyles of SNSB-BSPG AS XXV 50 are uneven distally, whereas in CAPPA/UFSM 0293 both condyles are in the same plane. A more detailed comparison demands additional overlapping elements. In sum, CAPPA/UFSM 0293 cannot be ascribed to 
<taxonomicName box="[1202,1466,1619,1642]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1202,1466,1619,1642]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to the lack of anatomical correspondence and distinct phylogenetic positions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[844,1467,514,1901]" lastBlockId="12.[159,781,1066,1901]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Although the holotype (CA unnumbered) of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[845,1099,1748,1771]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[845,1099,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
preserves some postcranial elements, there are no hind limb bones (
<bibRefCitation author="Price, L. I." box="[1330,1459,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Boletim Divisao de Geologia e Mineralogia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 38" part="120" refId="ref12897" refString="Price, L. I. 1946. Sobre um novo pseudosuquio do Triassico Superior do Rio Grande do Sul. Boletim Divisao de Geologia e Mineralogia, 120, 1 - 38." title="Sobre um novo pseudosuquio do Triassico Superior do Rio Grande do Sul" type="journal article" year="1946">Price 1946</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[845,1075,1813,1836]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[949,1010,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Despite the absence of overlapping bones between 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[1129,1399,1846,1869]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[1129,1399,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[845,1116,1878,1901]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[845,1116,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the former is far smaller, with a cranial length of 8.9 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[479,714,1796,1819]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[586,647,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). For comparison, the skull and femoral lengths of other proterochampsids are, respectively: 
<taxonomicName box="[615,961,1796,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Chanaresuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
<emphasis box="[615,961,1796,1883]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chanaresuchus bonapartei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 16.3 cm and 11.96 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1415 - 1443" part="18" refId="ref13908" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2020. Redescription of the holotype of Chanaresuchus bonapartei Romer, 1971 (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Upper Triassic rocks of the Cha ~ nares Formation of north-western Argentina. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 18, 1415 - 1443." title="Redescription of the holotype of Chanaresuchus bonapartei Romer, 1971 (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Upper Triassic rocks of the Cha ~ nares Formation of north-western Argentina" type="book" year="2020">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2020</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[927,1129,1828,1851]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[927,1129,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 33 cm and 17.2 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Jones, A. S. &amp; Gentil, A. R. &amp; Butler, R. J." journalOrPublisher="Elsevier, Amsterdam" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref10970" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Jones, A. S. Gentil, A. R. &amp; Butler, R. J. 2020 b. Early archosauromorphs: the crocodile and dinosaur precursors. Pp. 1 - 11 in B. Fath (ed.) Encyclopedia of geology. Second Edition. Elsevier, Amsterdam." title="Early archosauromorphs: the crocodile and dinosaur precursors. Pp. 1 - 11 in B. Fath (ed.) Encyclopedia of geology. Second Edition" type="book" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[844,906,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2020b
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1017,1348,1860,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[1017,1348,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 40.45 cm and 17.9 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Haro, J. A." box="[315,577,1066,1089]" journalOrPublisher="Palaontologische Zeitschrift" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 17" part="85" refId="ref13708" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Haro, J. A. 2011. The braincase of a specimen of Proterochampsa Reig (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Late Triassic of Argentina. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 85, 1 - 17." title="The braincase of a specimen of Proterochampsa Reig (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Late Triassic of Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn &amp; Haro 2011</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Pseudochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 25.4 cm and 15.48 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="111388" part="9" refId="ref13849" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2014. Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 111388. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0111388" title="Osteology of Pseudochampsa ischigualastensis gen. et comb. nov. (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="2014">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2014</bibRefCitation>
); and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arcucci" authorityYear="1990" box="[385,629,1131,1154]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Tropidosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">
<emphasis box="[385,629,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tropidosuchus romeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 7.67 cm and 6.46 cm (
<bibRefCitation author="Bestwick, J. &amp; Godoy, P. L. &amp; Maidment, S. C. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Wroe, M. &amp; Raven, T. J. &amp; Bonsor, J. A. &amp; Butler, R. J." box="[258,485,1163,1186]" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="12599" part="65" refId="ref9810" refString="Bestwick, J., Godoy, P. L., Maidment, S. C., Ezcurra, M. D., Wroe, M., Raven, T. J., Bonsor, J. A. &amp; Butler, R. J. 2022. Relative skull size evolution in Mesozoic archosauromorphs: potential drivers and morphological uniqueness of erythrosuchid archosauriforms. Palaeontology, 65, e 12599. doi: 10.1111 / pala. 12599" title="Relative skull size evolution in Mesozoic archosauromorphs: potential drivers and morphological uniqueness of erythrosuchid archosauriforms" type="journal article" year="2022">
Bestwick 
<emphasis box="[368,424,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
). Based on these measurements, the estimated femoral length of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 7.54 cm (
<emphasis box="[420,432,1228,1251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">y</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[436,457,1228,1252]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">¼</emphasis>
0.6262 
<emphasis box="[535,547,1228,1251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">x</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[551,572,1228,1252]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">+</emphasis>
0.65702; 
<figureCitation box="[690,765,1228,1251]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[159,226,948,969]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,190,927]" captionTargetId="figure-451@12.[159,1467,188,927]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Plot of log10-transformed skull length versus log10-transformed femoral length of proterochampsids depicting (red dots) the estimated values for Cerritosaurus binsfeldi and Stenoscelida aurantiacus. Red dotted lines represent the 95% confidence intervals. Skulls modified from Ezcurra et al. (2021). Reconstructed head of Stenoscelida aurantiacus by Caio Fantini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), which is approximately two times shorter than the femoral length of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[334,610,1293,1316]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[334,610,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(i.e. 14.7 cm). So far, there are no ontogenetic assessments regarding 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[159,412,1358,1381]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[159,412,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, additional studies or new fossils are necessary in order to determine if the size discrepancy between both species is an effect of ontogeny or another intraspecific factor. Nevertheless, geological and stratigraphical evidence provides further support for our taxonomic proposal. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was excavated from strata ascribed to the 
<taxonomicName authority="Acme Zone" authorityName="Acme Zone" box="[159,468,1586,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[159,331,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
Acme Zone
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Langer, M. C. &amp; Ribeiro, A. M. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J." box="[485,690,1586,1609]" journalOrPublisher="New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="201 - 218" part="41" refId="ref11788" refString="Langer, M. C., Ribeiro, A. M., Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J. 2007. The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 41, 201 - 218." title="The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil" type="journal article" year="2007">
Langer 
<emphasis box="[571,628,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
), which are older than that which yielded 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(i.e. 
<taxonomicName box="[275,411,1651,1674]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[275,411,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-AZ; 
<bibRefCitation author="Langer, M. C. &amp; Ribeiro, A. M. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J." box="[539,773,1651,1674]" journalOrPublisher="New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="201 - 218" part="41" refId="ref11788" refString="Langer, M. C., Ribeiro, A. M., Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J. 2007. The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 41, 201 - 218." title="The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil" type="journal article" year="2007">
Langer 
<emphasis box="[634,701,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez, R. N. &amp; Apaldetti, C. &amp; Alcober, O. A. &amp; Colombi, C. E. &amp; Sereno, P. C. &amp; Fernandez, E. &amp; Malnis, P. S. &amp; Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D." box="[159,402,1683,1707]" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="10 - 30" part="12" refId="ref11995" refString="Martinez, R. N., Apaldetti, C., Alcober, O. A., Colombi, C. E., Sereno, P. C., Fernandez, E., Malnis, P. S., Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D. 2013. Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation. Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12, 10 - 30." title="Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation" type="journal article" year="2013">
Martınez 
<emphasis box="[271,334,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Desojo, J. B. &amp; Fiorelli, L. E. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Ramezani, J. &amp; Da-Rosa, A. &amp; Baczko, M. B. &amp; Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Montefeltro, F. C. &amp; Ezpeleta, M. &amp; Langer, M. C." box="[426,648,1683,1706]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="12782" part="10" refId="ref10460" refString="Desojo, J. B., Fiorelli, L. E., Ezcurra, M. D., Martinelli, A. G., Ramezani, J., Da-Rosa, A., Baczko, M. B., Trotteyn, M. J., Montefeltro, F. C., Ezpeleta, M. &amp; Langer, M. C. 2020. The Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation at Cerro Las Lajas (La Rioja, Argentina): fossil tetrapods, high-resolution chronostratigraphy, and faunal correlations. Scientific Reports, 10, 12782. doi: 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 67854 - 1" title="The Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation at Cerro Las Lajas (La Rioja, Argentina): fossil tetrapods, high-resolution chronostratigraphy, and faunal correlations" type="journal article" year="2020">
Desojo 
<emphasis box="[517,580,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
; Muller &amp; Garcia 2020; 
<bibRefCitation author="Schultz, C. L. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Horn, B. L. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P." box="[308,515,1716,1739]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="102846" part="104" refId="ref13224" refString="Schultz, C. L., Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., Pinheiro, F. L., Kerber, L., Horn, B. L., Pretto, F. A., M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P. 2020. Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, 102846. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020.102846" title="Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2020">
Schultz 
<emphasis box="[397,453,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331391/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[159,226,1380,1401]" targetBox="[160,1448,190,1342]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph blockId="11.[159,1468,1380,1721]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,254,1380,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Results of the phylogenetic analysis depicting the position of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[888,1131,1380,1401]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[888,1131,1380,1401]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1147,1170,1380,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A,</emphasis>
time-calibrated reduced strict consensus tree (number on nodes represent Bremer support values higher than 1); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[986,1007,1407,1428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B,</emphasis>
strict consensus tree depicting the occurrence and distribution of the anterior trochanter (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[591,611,1433,1454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">at</emphasis>
) and the anterolateral scar (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[898,926,1433,1454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">als</emphasis>
) in the proximal portion of the femora of some panarchosaurs. Femora of 
<taxonomicName box="[400,582,1460,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Tanystropheidae" genus="Tanystropheus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[400,540,1460,1481]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tanystropheus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[602,765,1460,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Tanystropheidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tanystropheidae</taxonomicName>
; PIMUZ A/III 771; 
<bibRefCitation author="Spiekman, S. N. F. &amp; Scheyer, T. M." box="[988,1267,1460,1481]" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologia Electronica" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="80" part="22" refId="ref13558" refString="Spiekman, S. N. F. &amp; Scheyer, T. M. 2019. A taxonomic revision of the genus Tanystropheus (Archosauromorpha, Tanystropheidae). Palaeontologia Electronica, 22 (3), 80. doi: 10.26879 / 1038" title="A taxonomic revision of the genus Tanystropheus (Archosauromorpha, Tanystropheidae)" type="journal article" year="2019">Spiekman &amp; Scheyer 2019</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatterjee" authorityYear="1980" box="[1295,1423,1460,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Protorosauridae" genus="Malerisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1295,1423,1460,1481]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malerisaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like (Allokotosauria; TMM 31025-265; 
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Stocker, M. R. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Fraser, N. C. &amp; Heckert, A. B. &amp; Parker, W. G. &amp; Mueller, B. &amp; Sengupta, S. &amp; Bandyopadhyay, S. &amp; Pritchard, A. C. &amp; Marsh, A. D." box="[522,720,1487,1508]" journalOrPublisher="Papers in Palaeontology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1413" part="8" refId="ref12518" refString="Nesbitt, S. J., Stocker, M. R., Ezcurra, M. D., Fraser, N. C., Heckert, A. B., Parker, W. G., Mueller, B., Sengupta, S., Bandyopadhyay, S., Pritchard, A. C. &amp; Marsh, A. D. 2022. Widespread azendohsaurids (Archosauromorpha, Allokotosauria) from the Late Triassic of western USA and India. Papers in Palaeontology, 8, e 1413. doi: 10.1002 / spp 2.1413" title="Widespread azendohsaurids (Archosauromorpha, Allokotosauria) from the Late Triassic of western USA and India" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nesbitt 
<emphasis box="[604,661,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName box="[748,943,1487,1508]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[748,901,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(Rhynchosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0206), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parrington" authorityYear="1935" class="Reptilia" family="Protorosauridae" genus="Prolacerta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="broomi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prolacerta broomi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[244,374,1513,1534]" class="Reptilia" family="Prolacertidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Prolacertidae</taxonomicName>
; UWBM 95529; 
<bibRefCitation author="Spiekman, S. N. F." box="[552,705,1513,1534]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="17996" part="8" refId="ref13503" refString="Spiekman, S. N. F. 2018. A new specimen of Prolacerta broomi from the lower Fremouw Formation (Early Triassic) of Antarctica, its biogeographical implications and a taxonomic revision. Scientific Reports, 8, 17996. doi: 10.1038 / s 41598 - 018 - 36499 - 6" title="A new specimen of Prolacerta broomi from the lower Fremouw Formation (Early Triassic) of Antarctica, its biogeographical implications and a taxonomic revision" type="journal article" year="2018">Spiekman 2018</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ochev" authorityYear="1958" box="[730,891,1513,1534]" class="Reptilia" family="Erythrosuchidae" genus="Garjainia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prima">
<emphasis box="[730,891,1513,1534]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Garjainia prima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[908,1068,1513,1534]" class="Reptilia" family="Erythrosuchidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Erythrosuchidae</taxonomicName>
; PIN 951/61-1; 
<bibRefCitation author="Maidment, S. C. R. &amp; Sennikov, A. G. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Dunne, E. M. &amp; Gower, D. J. &amp; Hedrick, B. P. &amp; Meade, L. E. &amp; Raven, T. J. &amp; Paschchenko, D. I. &amp; Butler, R. J." box="[1234,1452,1513,1534]" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society Open Science" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="201089" part="7" refId="ref11889" refString="Maidment, S. C. R., Sennikov, A. G., Ezcurra, M. D., Dunne, E. M., Gower, D. J., Hedrick, B. P., Meade, L. E., Raven, T. J., Paschchenko, D. I. &amp; Butler, R. J. 2020. The postcranial skeleton of the erythrosuchid archosauriform Garjainia prima from the Early Triassic of European Russia. Royal Society Open Science, 7, 201089. doi: 10.1098 / rsos. 201089" title="The postcranial skeleton of the erythrosuchid archosauriform Garjainia prima from the Early Triassic of European Russia" type="journal article" year="2020">
Maidment 
<emphasis box="[1342,1396,1513,1534]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[159,403,1540,1561]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[159,403,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sill, 1967 sensu Trotteyn" authorityYear="2011" box="[421,608,1540,1561]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Proterochampsidae</taxonomicName>
; CAPPA/UFSM 0293); 
<taxonomicName box="[855,1120,1540,1561]" class="Reptilia" family="Phytosauridae" genus="Mystriosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolacertiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steinbergeri">
<emphasis box="[855,1120,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mystriosuchus steinbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Phytosauria; NHMW 1986/0024/ 0012; 
<bibRefCitation author="Butler, R. J. &amp; Jones, A. S. &amp; Buffetaut, E. &amp; Mandl, G. W. &amp; Scheyer, T. M. &amp; Schultz, O." box="[236,451,1567,1588]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="198 - 228" part="187" refId="ref9961" refString="Butler, R. J., Jones, A. S., Buffetaut, E., Mandl, G. W., Scheyer, T. M. &amp; Schultz, O. 2019. Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 187, 198 - 228." title="Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria" type="book" year="2019">
Butler 
<emphasis box="[317,383,1567,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName box="[488,755,1567,1588]" class="Reptilia" family="Ornithosuchidae" genus="Dynamosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collisensis">
<emphasis box="[488,755,1567,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Dynamosuchus collisensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[784,945,1567,1588]" class="Reptilia" family="Ornithosuchidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ornithosuchidae</taxonomicName>
; CAPPA/UFSM 0248); 
<taxonomicName box="[1226,1467,1567,1588]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Archeopelta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arborensis">
<emphasis box="[1226,1467,1567,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Archeopelta arborensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[165,316,1593,1614]" class="Reptilia" family="Erpetosuchidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Erpetosuchidae</taxonomicName>
; CPEZ-239a; 
<bibRefCitation author="Desojo, J. B. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Schultz, C. L." box="[462,653,1593,1614]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="839 - 871" part="161" refId="ref10406" refString="Desojo, J. B., Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Schultz, C. L. 2011. An unusual new archosauriform from the Middle - Late Triassic of southern Brazil and the monophyly of Doswelliidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 839 - 871." title="An unusual new archosauriform from the Middle - Late Triassic of southern Brazil and the monophyly of Doswelliidae" type="journal article" year="2011">
Desojo 
<emphasis box="[541,595,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casamiquela" authorityYear="1960" box="[679,902,1593,1614]" class="Reptilia" family="Stagonolepididae" genus="Aetosauroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scagliai">
<emphasis box="[679,902,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Aetosauroides scagliai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aetosauria; ULBRA-PVT-003; 
<bibRefCitation author="Roberto-Da-Silva, L. C. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Cabreira, S. R. F. &amp; Aires, A. S. S. &amp; M € uller, R. T. &amp; Pacheco, C. P. &amp; Dias- Da-Silva, S. R." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="240 - 278" part="3764" refId="ref13033" refString="Roberto-Da-Silva, L. C., Desojo, J. B., Cabreira, S. R. F., Aires, A. S. S., M € uller, R. T., Pacheco, C. P. &amp; Dias- Da-Silva, S. R. 2014. A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic of the Santa Maria Formation, southern Brazil. Zootaxa, 3764, 240 - 278." title="A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic of the Santa Maria Formation, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2014">
Roberto-da-Silva 
<emphasis box="[1413,1468,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huene" authorityYear="1942" box="[231,487,1620,1641]" class="Reptilia" genus="Prestosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chiniquensis">
<emphasis box="[231,487,1620,1641]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prestosuchus chiniquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Loricata; ULBRA-PVT-281; 
<bibRefCitation author="Roberto-Da-Silva, L. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Franca, M. A. G. D. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Dias-Da-Silva, S." box="[795,1079,1620,1641]" journalOrPublisher="Historical Biology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="976 - 995" part="32" refId="ref13114" refString="Roberto-Da-Silva, L., M uller €, R. T., Franca, M. A. G. D., Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Dias-Da-Silva, S. 2020. An impressive skeleton of the giant top predator Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) from the Triassic of Southern Brazil, with phylogenetic remarks. Historical Biology, 32, 976 - 995." title="An impressive skeleton of the giant top predator Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) from the Triassic of Southern Brazil, with phylogenetic remarks" type="journal article" year="2020">
Roberto-da-Silva 
<emphasis box="[969,1022,1620,1641]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nesbitt, Butler, Ezcurra, Barrett, Stocker, Angielczyk, Smith, Sidor, Niedźwiedzki, Sennikov &amp; Charig" authorityYear="2017" box="[1104,1309,1620,1641]" class="Reptilia" genus="Teleocrater" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhadinus">
<emphasis box="[1104,1309,1620,1641]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Teleocrater rhadinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aphanosauria; NHMUK PV R6795; 
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Butler, R. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Charig, A. J. &amp; Barrett, P. M." box="[390,588,1647,1668]" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="142 - 177" part="17" refId="ref12442" refString="Nesbitt, S. J., Butler, R. J., Ezcurra, M. D., Charig, A. J. &amp; Barrett, P. M. 2017. The anatomy of Teleocrater rhadinus, an early avemetatarsalian from the lower portion of the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (Middle Triassic). Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17, 142 - 177." title="The anatomy of Teleocrater rhadinus, an early avemetatarsalian from the lower portion of the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (Middle Triassic)" type="journal article" year="2017">
Nesbitt 
<emphasis box="[472,529,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName box="[616,823,1647,1668]" class="Reptilia" family="Lagerpetonidae" genus="Dromomeron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">
<emphasis box="[616,823,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Dromomeron romeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lagerpetiae; GR 1308; 
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. T. &amp; Bano, L. S. &amp; Turner, A. H. &amp; Smith, N. D. &amp; Irmis, R. B. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." box="[1091,1286,1647,1668]" journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="6331" part="7" refId="ref11377" refString="Griffin, C. T., Bano, L. S., Turner, A. H., Smith, N. D., Irmis, R. B. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2019. Integrating gross morphology and bone histology to assess skeletal maturity in early dinosauromorphs: new insights from Dromomeron (Archosauria: Dinosauromorpha). PeerJ, 7, e 6331. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 6331" title="Integrating gross morphology and bone histology to assess skeletal maturity in early dinosauromorphs: new insights from Dromomeron (Archosauria: Dinosauromorpha)" type="journal article" year="2019">
Griffin 
<emphasis box="[1170,1227,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stecher" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Reptilia" family="Campylognathoididae" genus="Raeticodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filisurensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Raeticodactylus filisurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pterosauria; BNM 14524; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." box="[549,755,1673,1694]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[634,680,1673,1694]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
. 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName box="[781,972,1673,1694]" class="Reptilia" family="Silesauridae" genus="Asilisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kongwe">
<emphasis box="[781,972,1673,1694]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asilisaurus kongwe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[989,1109,1673,1694]" class="Reptilia" family="Silesauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Silesauridae</taxonomicName>
; cast of NMT RB159), 
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" genus="Buriolestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schultzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Buriolestes schultzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Dinosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0035).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7331395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[159,226,948,969]" targetBox="[159,1467,190,927]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph blockId="12.[159,1468,948,1022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,252,948,969]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Plot of log 
<subScript attach="left" box="[368,386,957,971]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">10</subScript>
-transformed skull length versus log 
<subScript attach="left" box="[737,755,957,971]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">10</subScript>
-transformed femoral length of proterochampsids depicting (red dots) the estimated values for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[367,592,975,996]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[367,592,975,996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[646,888,975,996]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[646,888,975,996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Red dotted lines represent the 95% confidence intervals. Skulls modified from 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Montefeltro, F. C. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Gentil, A. R. &amp; Lehmann, O. E. &amp; Pradelli, L. A." box="[374,578,1001,1022]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="102935" part="105" refId="ref11032" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Montefeltro, F. C., Pinheiro, F. L., Trotteyn, M. J., Gentil, A. R., Lehmann, O. E. &amp; Pradelli, L. A. 2021. The stem-archosaur evolutionary radiation in South America. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 105, 102935. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020. 102935" title="The stem-archosaur evolutionary radiation in South America" type="journal article" year="2021">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[455,506,1001,1022]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
. Reconstructed head of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[814,1055,1001,1022]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[814,1055,1001,1022]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Caio Fantini.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="12.[159,781,1066,1901]" lastBlockId="13.[159,781,189,854]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
In relation to the occurrence of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barberena" baseAuthorityYear="1982" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Proterochampsa nodosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in sediments attributable to the 
<taxonomicName box="[644,780,1781,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[644,780,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-AZ, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[256,527,1813,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[256,527,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not present overlapping elements with the former, which is known from a single skull with mandible in occlusion (
<bibRefCitation author="Barberena, M. C." box="[669,897,1066,1901]" journalOrPublisher="Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ci ^ encias" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="127 - 141" part="54" refId="ref9726" refString="Barberena, M. C. 1982. Uma nova especie de Proterochampsa (P. nodosa, sp. nov.) do Triassico do Brasil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ci ^ encias, 54, 127 - 141." title="Uma nova especie de Proterochampsa (P. nodosa, sp. nov.) do Triassico do Brasil" type="journal article" year="1982">Barberena 1982</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[915,1138,1066,1089]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[1018,1075,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
; Sim 
<emphasis box="[1198,1202,1067,1087]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">~</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sim ~ ao-Oliveira, D. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; De Andrade, M. B. &amp; Pretto, F. A." box="[1199,1451,1066,1089]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref13428" refString="Sim ~ ao-Oliveira, D., Pinheiro, F. L., De Andrade, M. B. &amp; Pretto, F. A. 2022. Redescription, taxonomic revaluation and phylogenetic affinities of Proterochampsa nodosa (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic of the Candelaria Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlac 048" title="Redescription, taxonomic revaluation and phylogenetic affinities of Proterochampsa nodosa (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic of the Candelaria Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence)" type="book" year="2022">
ao-Oliveira 
<emphasis box="[1330,1381,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
). Although there are no comparable elements between both Brazilian specimens, it is possible to compare 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[844,1121,1163,1186]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[844,1121,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the Argentinian species of the same genus: 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1075,1405,1196,1219]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[1075,1405,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter is known from several specimens, including an almost complete skeleton (PVSJ 606), and its hind limb morphology differs substantially from that in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[844,1117,1326,1349]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[844,1117,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, not to mention the three local apomorphies of the new taxon (see Diagnosis, above), which will not be repeated here. In relation to the femur, the popliteal fossa of CAPPA/UFSM 0293 (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[853,1127,1456,1479]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[853,1127,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is short, comprising 10% of the total femoral length, but in PVSJ 606 (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trotteyn" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[853,1179,1521,1544]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrionuevoi">
<emphasis box="[853,1179,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Proterochampsa barrionuevoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J." box="[1195,1349,1521,1544]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="424 - 446" part="48" refId="ref13672" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. 2011. Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina. Ameghiniana, 48, 424 - 446." title="Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn 2011</bibRefCitation>
), it is longer in comparison, reaching roughly 23% of the total femoral length. Furthermore, based on femoral measurements, CAPPA/UFSM 0293 is 22% smaller than PVSJ 606, and although it is possible to argue that the specimen probably does not represent an immature individual due to the presence of well-developed femoral epiphyses and scars (see above), we cannot determine with the evidence at hand if CAPPA/UFSM 0293 reached its maximum size. The proportions of the tibia and femur also differ between both specimens, where in CAPPA/UFSM 0293 the tibia is proportionally longer than in PVSJ 606; although we recognize that the size difference between specimens could possibly influence this trait, there is no evidence to support this sort of allometric discrepancy in proterochampsids. Therefore, as in the case of 
<emphasis box="[258,529,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cerrritosaurus bindfeldi</emphasis>
, more specimens are needed in order to test this assumption. Regarding the tibia, in CAPPA/UFSM 0293 the proximal extremity of the tibia is perpendicular in relation to its long axis, whereas in PVSJ 606 it is oblique. Moreover, in PVSJ 606, the cnemial crest is smaller than the proximal condyles (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J." box="[234,392,510,533]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="424 - 446" part="48" refId="ref13672" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. 2011. Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina. Ameghiniana, 48, 424 - 446." title="Material postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triasico Superior del centro-oeste de Argentina" type="journal article" year="2011">Trotteyn 2011</bibRefCitation>
), whereas in CAPPA/UFSM 0293 it is sub-equal in size to the proximal condyles. The fibula of PVSJ 606 maintains its anteroposterior width for most of its proximodistal length, as in other proterochampsids (although the epiphyses are slightly expanded), but in CAPPA/UFSM 0293 the fibula is significantly expanded in the proximal third of the element and then tapers distally, becoming remarkably narrow, ending in an unexpanded distal epiphysis. In sum, we consider it unlikely that CAPPA/UFSM 0293 represents a new specimen of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1959" box="[486,664,831,854]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[486,664,831,854]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Proterochampsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="13.[159,782,913,1901]" box="[159,557,913,939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading bold="true" box="[159,557,913,939]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,557,913,939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution of hind limb traits</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[159,782,913,1901]" lastBlockId="13.[844,1468,189,1753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The occurrence of a new species of proterochampsid with a well-preserved hind limb is particularly exciting. According to several authors (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="Sereno, P. C." box="[544,680,1011,1034]" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 53" part="2" refId="ref13319" refString="Sereno, P. C. 1991. Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications. Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 2, 1 - 53." title="Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications" type="journal article" year="1991">Sereno 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D." journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1778" part="4" refId="ref10617" refString="Ezcurra, M. D. 2016. The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms. PeerJ, 4, e 1778. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 1778" title="The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms" type="journal article" year="2016">Ezcurra 2016</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." box="[232,465,1043,1066]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
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</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D." box="[487,773,1043,1066]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1415 - 1443" part="18" refId="ref13908" refString="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Ezcurra, M. D. 2020. Redescription of the holotype of Chanaresuchus bonapartei Romer, 1971 (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Upper Triassic rocks of the Cha ~ nares Formation of north-western Argentina. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 18, 1415 - 1443." title="Redescription of the holotype of Chanaresuchus bonapartei Romer, 1971 (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the Upper Triassic rocks of the Cha ~ nares Formation of north-western Argentina" type="book" year="2020">Trotteyn &amp; Ezcurra 2020</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Kellner, A. W. &amp; Holgado, B. &amp; Grillo, O. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Lopes, R. T. &amp; Araujo, O. &amp; M uller €, R. T" box="[159,369,1075,1098]" journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="13276" part="10" refId="ref11629" refString="Kellner, A. W., Holgado, B., Grillo, O., Pretto, F. A., Kerber, L., Pinheiro, F. L., Soares, M. B., Schultz, C. L., Lopes, R. T., Araujo, O. &amp; M uller €, R. T. 2022. Reassessment of Faxinalipterus minimus, a purported Triassic pterosaur from southern Brazil with the description of a new taxon. PeerJ, 10, e 13276. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 13276" title="Reassessment of Faxinalipterus minimus, a purported Triassic pterosaur from southern Brazil with the description of a new taxon" type="journal article" year="2022">
Kellner 
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), Proterochampsia is regarded as the sister group to Archosauria. As a result, the anatomy of proterochampsians is crucial in order to optimize the origin and distribution of morphological traits usually present in the earliest diverging clades of archosaurs. Several of these traits rely on the pelvic and hind limb anatomy (
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J." box="[273,419,1268,1291]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 292" part="352" refId="ref12343" refString="Nesbitt, S. J. 2011. The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 352, 1 - 292." title="The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades" type="journal article" year="2011">Nesbitt 2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
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; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
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). Ankle anatomy has been historically used to classify Pseudosuchia and Pan-Aves (
<bibRefCitation author="Cruickshank, A." box="[523,718,1332,1355]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Science" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="168 - 178" part="75" refId="ref10252" refString="Cruickshank, A. 1979. The ankle joint in some early archosaurs. South African Journal of Science, 75, 168 - 178." title="The ankle joint in some early archosaurs" type="journal article" year="1979">Cruickshank 1979</bibRefCitation>
), and the presence and shape of trochanters, condyles and other features from the zeugopodium and stylopodium have supported internal relationships among these clades (
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; 
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Cabreira 
<emphasis box="[430,489,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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; 
<bibRefCitation author="Baron, M. G. &amp; Norman, D. B. &amp; Barrett, P. M." box="[573,773,1461,1484]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="501 - 506" part="543" refId="ref9769" refString="Baron, M. G., Norman, D. B. &amp; Barrett, P. M. 2017. A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. Nature, 543, 501 - 506." title="A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution" type="journal article" year="2017">
Baron 
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; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." box="[159,375,1493,1516]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[249,304,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
). For instance, the anterior (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[683,704,1492,1516]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">¼</emphasis>
lesser) trochanter is exhaustively reported for the femur of dinosaurs and related groups (
<bibRefCitation author="Hutchinson, J. R." box="[439,623,1557,1580]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="169 - 197" part="131" refId="ref11590" refString="Hutchinson, J. R. 2001. The evolution of femoral osteology and soft tissues on the line to extant birds (Neornithes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 169 - 197." title="The evolution of femoral osteology and soft tissues on the line to extant birds (Neornithes)" type="journal article" year="2001">Hutchinson 2001</bibRefCitation>
; Pintore 
<emphasis box="[725,781,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2021). It is treated as the scar of the M. iliofemoralis (
<bibRefCitation author="Hutchinson, J. R." box="[166,352,1621,1644]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="169 - 197" part="131" refId="ref11590" refString="Hutchinson, J. R. 2001. The evolution of femoral osteology and soft tissues on the line to extant birds (Neornithes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 169 - 197." title="The evolution of femoral osteology and soft tissues on the line to extant birds (Neornithes)" type="journal article" year="2001">Hutchinson 2001</bibRefCitation>
). The shape of the anterior trochanter varies within the main lineages of dinosaurs (Pintore 
<emphasis box="[159,221,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2021), providing data for phylogenetic analyses (
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J." box="[166,310,1718,1741]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 292" part="352" refId="ref12343" refString="Nesbitt, S. J. 2011. The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 352, 1 - 292." title="The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades" type="journal article" year="2011">Nesbitt 2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Langer, M. C. &amp; Ferigolo, J." box="[334,616,1718,1741]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="353 - 392" part="379" refId="ref11840" refString="Langer, M. C. &amp; Ferigolo, J. 2013. The Late Triassic dinosauromorph Sacisaurus agudoensis (Caturrita Formation; Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): anatomy and affinities. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 353 - 392." title="The Late Triassic dinosauromorph Sacisaurus agudoensis (Caturrita Formation; Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): anatomy and affinities" type="journal article" year="2013">Langer &amp; Ferigolo 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Baron, M. G. &amp; Norman, D. B. &amp; Barrett, P. M." journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="501 - 506" part="543" refId="ref9769" refString="Baron, M. G., Norman, D. B. &amp; Barrett, P. M. 2017. A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. Nature, 543, 501 - 506." title="A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution" type="journal article" year="2017">
Baron 
<emphasis box="[719,781,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Yet, the occurrence of the structure is not restricted to the pan-avian lineage, since the anterior trochanter is reported for crocodylomorphs and ornithosuchids (
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, J. M. &amp; Sues, H. - D." box="[234,454,1846,1869]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="77 - 95" part="136" refId="ref10207" refString="Clark, J. M. &amp; Sues, H. - D. 2002. Two new basal crocodylomorph archosaurs from the Lower Jurassic and the monophyly of the Sphenosuchia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 136, 77 - 95." title="Two new basal crocodylomorph archosaurs from the Lower Jurassic and the monophyly of the Sphenosuchia" type="journal article" year="2002">Clark &amp; Sues 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Baczko, M. B. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Ponce, D." box="[474,689,1846,1869]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1693396" part="39" refId="ref9669" refString="Baczko, M. B., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Ponce, D. 2019. Postcranial anatomy and osteoderm histology of Riojasuchus tenuisceps and a phylogenetic update on Ornithosuchidae (Archosauria, Pseudosuchia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 39, e 1693396. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2019. 1693396" title="Postcranial anatomy and osteoderm histology of Riojasuchus tenuisceps and a phylogenetic update on Ornithosuchidae (Archosauria, Pseudosuchia)" type="journal article" year="2019">
Baczko 
<emphasis box="[566,625,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
; Muller 
<emphasis box="[159,214,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2020a), which are pseudosuchians. So far, there are no records of the anterior trochanter for non-archosaurian archosaurs (to our knowledge). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[1198,1467,221,244]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[1198,1467,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(together with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[1009,1206,253,276]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[1009,1206,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) provides the first evidence of the presence of this feature in a non-archosaurian archosauriform (
<figureCitation box="[1087,1175,317,340]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[160,1448,190,1342]" captionTargetId="figure-55@11.[159,1467,188,1359]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Results of the phylogenetic analysis depicting the position of Stenoscelida aurantiacus. A, time-calibrated reduced strict consensus tree (number on nodes represent Bremer support values higher than 1); B, strict consensus tree depicting the occurrence and distribution of the anterior trochanter (at) and the anterolateral scar (als) in the proximal portion of the femora of some panarchosaurs. Femora of Tanystropheus sp. (Tanystropheidae; PIMUZ A/III 771; Spiekman &amp; Scheyer 2019), Malerisaurus-like (Allokotosauria; TMM 31025-265; Nesbitt et al. 2022), Hyperodapedon sp. (Rhynchosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0206), Prolacerta broomi (Prolacertidae; UWBM 95529; Spiekman 2018), Garjainia prima (Erythrosuchidae; PIN 951/61-1; Maidment et al. 2020), Stenoscelida aurantiacus (Proterochampsidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0293); Mystriosuchus steinbergeri (Phytosauria; NHMW 1986/0024/ 0012; Butler et al. 2019), Dynamosuchus collisensis (Ornithosuchidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0248); Archeopelta arborensis (Erpetosuchidae; CPEZ-239a; Desojo et al. 2011), Aetosauroides scagliai (Aetosauria; ULBRA-PVT-003; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2014), Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Loricata; ULBRA-PVT-281; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2020); Teleocrater rhadinus (Aphanosauria; NHMUK PV R6795; Nesbitt et al. 2017), Dromomeron romeri (Lagerpetiae; GR 1308; Griffin et al. 2019); Raeticodactylus filisurensis (Pterosauria; BNM 14524; Ezcurra et al. 2020a); Asilisaurus kongwe (Silesauridae; cast of NMT RB159), Buriolestes schultzi (Dinosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0035)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331391/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). The occurrence of the anterior trochanter in a proterochampsid supports a deeper origin for this trait than previously thought. It is possible that instead of evolving independently in the two main lineages of Archosauria, the anterior trochanter originated earlier and was retained in the major clades of Pan-Aves and in some members of Pseudosuchia. However, the absence of this trait in the proterochampsian 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Long &amp; Murry" authorityYear="1995" box="[895,1090,574,597]" class="Reptilia" family="Doswelliidae" genus="Vancleavea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campi">
<emphasis box="[895,1090,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vancleavea campi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cast doubts on this hypothesis and favours a scenario where the anterior trochanter evolved independently in proterochampsids and archosaurs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[844,1468,189,1753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Above the anterior trochanter, the femur of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[845,1111,702,725]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[845,1111,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays another interesting feature. It comprises a raised surface that resembles the anterolateral scar (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1080,1101,766,790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">¼</emphasis>
‘dorsolateral ossification’ of 
<bibRefCitation author="Piechowski, R. &amp; TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J." box="[844,1098,799,822]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1383 - 1393" part="34" refId="ref12755" refString="Piechowski, R., TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J. 2014. Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 34, 1383 - 1393." title="Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis" type="journal article" year="2014">
Piechowski 
<emphasis box="[977,1034,799,822]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
) reported for dinosauriforms and aphanosaurs, both of which are members of Pan-Aves (
<bibRefCitation author="Piechowski, R. &amp; TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J." box="[851,1104,863,886]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1383 - 1393" part="34" refId="ref12755" refString="Piechowski, R., TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J. 2014. Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 34, 1383 - 1393." title="Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis" type="journal article" year="2014">
Piechowski 
<emphasis box="[984,1042,863,886]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." box="[1123,1376,863,886]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1111224" part="36" refId="ref11319" refString="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2016. The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 36, e 1111224. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2016. 1111224" title="The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="2016">Griffin &amp; Nesbitt 2016</bibRefCitation>
; Muller 2022). Conversely, the structure is not recognized in pseudosuchians or non-archosaurian archosauriforms (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[160,1448,190,1342]" captionTargetId="figure-55@11.[159,1467,188,1359]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Results of the phylogenetic analysis depicting the position of Stenoscelida aurantiacus. A, time-calibrated reduced strict consensus tree (number on nodes represent Bremer support values higher than 1); B, strict consensus tree depicting the occurrence and distribution of the anterior trochanter (at) and the anterolateral scar (als) in the proximal portion of the femora of some panarchosaurs. Femora of Tanystropheus sp. (Tanystropheidae; PIMUZ A/III 771; Spiekman &amp; Scheyer 2019), Malerisaurus-like (Allokotosauria; TMM 31025-265; Nesbitt et al. 2022), Hyperodapedon sp. (Rhynchosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0206), Prolacerta broomi (Prolacertidae; UWBM 95529; Spiekman 2018), Garjainia prima (Erythrosuchidae; PIN 951/61-1; Maidment et al. 2020), Stenoscelida aurantiacus (Proterochampsidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0293); Mystriosuchus steinbergeri (Phytosauria; NHMW 1986/0024/ 0012; Butler et al. 2019), Dynamosuchus collisensis (Ornithosuchidae; CAPPA/UFSM 0248); Archeopelta arborensis (Erpetosuchidae; CPEZ-239a; Desojo et al. 2011), Aetosauroides scagliai (Aetosauria; ULBRA-PVT-003; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2014), Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Loricata; ULBRA-PVT-281; Roberto-da-Silva et al. 2020); Teleocrater rhadinus (Aphanosauria; NHMUK PV R6795; Nesbitt et al. 2017), Dromomeron romeri (Lagerpetiae; GR 1308; Griffin et al. 2019); Raeticodactylus filisurensis (Pterosauria; BNM 14524; Ezcurra et al. 2020a); Asilisaurus kongwe (Silesauridae; cast of NMT RB159), Buriolestes schultzi (Dinosauria; CAPPA/UFSM 0035)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7331391/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). It was hypothesized as the ossification of the iliofemoral ligament insertion (
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." box="[1135,1397,991,1014]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1111224" part="36" refId="ref11319" refString="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2016. The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 36, e 1111224. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2016. 1111224" title="The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="2016">Griffin &amp; Nesbitt 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The occurrence of this trait in a non-archosaurian archosauriform implies a similar origin as that of the anterior trochanter, meaning that it could have been secondarily lost in pseudosuchians, whereas in Pan-Aves it was retained. The alternative scenario implies the independent origin of the scar in Pan-Aves and proterochampsids (considering the presence in both 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[1126,1406,1216,1239]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[1126,1406,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Romer" authorityYear="1971" box="[844,1046,1248,1271]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Gualosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reigi">
<emphasis box="[844,1046,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gualosuchus reigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It has been demonstrated that the presence and shape of the anterolateral scar is affected by intraspecific variation (
<bibRefCitation author="Piechowski, R. &amp; TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J." box="[1093,1345,1313,1336]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1383 - 1393" part="34" refId="ref12755" refString="Piechowski, R., TaLanda, M. &amp; Dzik, J. 2014. Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 34, 1383 - 1393." title="Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis" type="journal article" year="2014">
Piechowski 
<emphasis box="[1226,1283,1313,1336]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1111224" part="36" refId="ref11319" refString="Griffin, C. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. 2016. The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 36, e 1111224. doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2016. 1111224" title="The femoral ontogeny and long bone histology of the Middle Triassic (? late Anisian) dinosauriform Asilisaurus kongwe and implications for the growth of early dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="2016">Griffin &amp; Nesbitt 2016</bibRefCitation>
; Muller 2022). Therefore, the presence/ absence of this trait must be carefully considered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[844,1468,189,1753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The occurrence of the iliofibularis tubercle on the fibula of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[923,1196,1441,1464]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[923,1196,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is another unusual trait for Proterochampsia. Nevertheless, this feature is widely distributed within crocopodans (
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Nesbitt, S. J. &amp; Bronzati, M. &amp; Dalla Vecchia, F. M. &amp; Agnolin, F. L. &amp; Benson, R. B. &amp; Brisson Egli, F. &amp; Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R." box="[1211,1451,1505,1528]" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="445 - 449" part="588" refId="ref10880" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Nesbitt, S. J., Bronzati, M., Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Agnolin, F. L., Benson, R. B., Brisson Egli, F., Cabreira, S. F., Evers, S. W. &amp; Gentil, A. R. 2020 a. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature, 588, 445 - 449." title="Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[1310,1372,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2020a
</bibRefCitation>
), and it is not regarded as a traditional synapomorphy of any exclusive clade (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="Nesbitt, S. J." box="[1139,1281,1569,1592]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 292" part="352" refId="ref12343" refString="Nesbitt, S. J. 2011. The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 352, 1 - 292." title="The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades" type="journal article" year="2011">Nesbitt 2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D." box="[1302,1451,1569,1592]" journalOrPublisher="PeerJ" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1778" part="4" refId="ref10617" refString="Ezcurra, M. D. 2016. The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms. PeerJ, 4, e 1778. doi: 10. 7717 / peerj. 1778" title="The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms" type="journal article" year="2016">Ezcurra 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Similarly, the presence of a vestigial phalanx in digit V comprises another peculiar condition among the members of the clade. Yet, the presence/absence of phalanges in digit V, which is often vestigial, is highly affected by taphonomic biases.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[844,1467,1812,1901]" box="[844,1077,1812,1838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading bold="true" box="[844,1077,1812,1838]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,1077,1812,1838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Local palaeofauna</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[844,1467,1812,1901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The Varzea do Agudo (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1105,1126,1845,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">¼</emphasis>
Janner) site is one of the most prolific fossiliferous localities from southern Brazil,
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[159,781,189,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
from which year-after-year numerous new specimens have been exhumed. This fauna is dominated by traversodontid cynodonts of the genus 
<taxonomicName authority="(Muller et al. 2020 b)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[549,685,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
(Muller 
<emphasis box="[159,216,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2020b)
</taxonomicName>
. This remarkable abundance has been used to correlate these beds with those from the upper portion of the Ischigualasto Formation (
<bibRefCitation author="Langer, M. C. &amp; Ribeiro, A. M. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J." box="[543,773,351,374]" journalOrPublisher="New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="201 - 218" part="41" refId="ref11788" refString="Langer, M. C., Ribeiro, A. M., Schultz, C. L. &amp; Ferigolo, J. 2007. The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 41, 201 - 218." title="The continental tetrapod-bearing Triassic of south Brazil" type="journal article" year="2007">
Langer 
<emphasis box="[638,703,351,374]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." box="[159,389,384,407]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[257,320,384,407]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
; Muller &amp; Garcia 2020; 
<bibRefCitation author="Schultz, C. L. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Horn, B. L. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P." journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="102846" part="104" refId="ref13224" refString="Schultz, C. L., Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., Pinheiro, F. L., Kerber, L., Horn, B. L., Pretto, F. A., M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P. 2020. Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, 102846. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020.102846" title="Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2020">
Schultz 
<emphasis box="[159,219,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). As a consequence, the younger Brazilian proterochampsids are divided into two distinct horizons within the 
<taxonomicName authority="AZ." authorityName="AZ." box="[285,512,481,504]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[285,457,481,504]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
AZ.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName box="[524,780,481,504]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Rhadinosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[524,780,481,504]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhadinosuchus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1946" box="[212,469,514,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Cerritosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binsfeldi">
<emphasis box="[212,469,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cerritosaurus binsfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were unearthed from outcrops of the Alemoa complex (
<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, M. S. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Da-Rosa, A. A. &amp; Dias-da- Silva, S." box="[541,765,546,569]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="302 - 319" part="91" refId="ref11172" refString="Garcia, M. S., M uller €, R. T., Da-Rosa, A. A. &amp; Dias-da- Silva, S. 2019. The oldest known co-occurrence of dinosaurs and their closest relatives: a new lagerpetid from a Carnian (Upper Triassic) bed of Brazil with implications for dinosauromorph biostratigraphy, early diversification and biogeography. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 91, 302 - 319." title="The oldest known co-occurrence of dinosaurs and their closest relatives: a new lagerpetid from a Carnian (Upper Triassic) bed of Brazil with implications for dinosauromorph biostratigraphy, early diversification and biogeography" type="journal article" year="2019">
Garcia 
<emphasis box="[631,688,546,569]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
), which belong to the 
<taxonomicName authority="Acme Zone" authorityName="Acme Zone" box="[390,701,579,602]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[390,562,579,602]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
Acme Zone
</taxonomicName>
(lower portion; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M." box="[262,502,611,634]" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="391 - 417" part="52" refId="ref10658" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Desojo, J. B. &amp; Rauhut, O. W. M. 2015. Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Ameghiniana, 52, 391 - 417. doi: 10.5710 / AMGH. 28.04.2015.2867" title="Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of the proterochampsid Rhadinosuchus gracilis (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2015">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[364,430,611,634]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Schultz, C. L. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Horn, B. L. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P." box="[528,765,611,634]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="102846" part="104" refId="ref13224" refString="Schultz, C. L., Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., Pinheiro, F. L., Kerber, L., Horn, B. L., Pretto, F. A., M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P. 2020. Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, 102846. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020.102846" title="Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2020">
Schultz 
<emphasis box="[627,693,611,634]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), whereas 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barberena" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[286,581,644,667]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Proterochampsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosa">
<emphasis box="[286,581,644,667]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Proterochampsa nodosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comes from 
<taxonomicName box="[159,295,676,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[159,295,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-dominated beds (upper portion; 
<bibRefCitation author="Schultz, C. L. &amp; Martinelli, A. G. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Kerber, L. &amp; Horn, B. L. &amp; Pretto, F. A. &amp; M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P." journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="102846" part="104" refId="ref13224" refString="Schultz, C. L., Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., Pinheiro, F. L., Kerber, L., Horn, B. L., Pretto, F. A., M uller €, R. T. &amp; Melo, T. P. 2020. Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, 102846. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020.102846" title="Triassic faunal successions of the Parana Basin, southern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2020">
Schultz 
<emphasis box="[159,220,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). In this context, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[504,780,709,732]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[504,780,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
expands the abundance and diversity of proterochampsids in the 
<taxonomicName box="[280,416,774,797]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[280,416,774,797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-AZ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[159,781,189,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
The presence of a proterochampsid in the Varzea do Agudo site is not particularly helpful regarding a biostratigraphic approach because proterochampsids occur across the entire Ischigualasto Formation (
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez, R. N. &amp; Apaldetti, C. &amp; Alcober, O. A. &amp; Colombi, C. E. &amp; Sereno, P. C. &amp; Fernandez, E. &amp; Malnis, P. S. &amp; Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D." journalOrPublisher="Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="10 - 30" part="12" refId="ref11995" refString="Martinez, R. N., Apaldetti, C., Alcober, O. A., Colombi, C. E., Sereno, P. C., Fernandez, E., Malnis, P. S., Correa, G. A. &amp; Abelin, D. 2013. Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation. Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12, 10 - 30." title="Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation" type="journal article" year="2013">
Martınez 
<emphasis box="[159,217,936,959]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless, the new taxon comprises an additional predatorial taxon for the palaeofauna of this site. The absence of cranial remains precludes an unambiguous interpretation regarding the diet of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but since all proterochampsids are considered carnivorous animals (
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[449,671,1098,1121]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[553,609,1098,1121]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
), the null hypothesis is that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[369,644,1131,1154]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[369,644,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibited a similar diet. So far, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[435,719,1163,1186]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[435,719,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[159,441,1196,1219]" class="Reptilia" family="Ornithosuchidae" genus="Dynamosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collisensis">
<emphasis box="[159,441,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dynamosuchus collisensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprise the only carnivorous archosauriforms from this site, with the ectetniniid cynodont 
<taxonomicName authority="(Oliveira et al. 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Oliveira" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Reptilia" genus="Trucidocynodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riograndensis">
<emphasis box="[228,572,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trucidocynodon riograndensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira, T. V. de &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Schultz, C. L." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 71" part="2382" refId="ref12695" refString="Oliveira, T. V. de, Soares, M. B. &amp; Schultz, C. L. 2010. Trucidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Eucynodontia), a new cynodont from the Brazilian Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation). Zootaxa, 2382, 1 - 71." title="Trucidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Eucynodontia), a new cynodont from the Brazilian Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation)" type="journal article" year="2010">
Oliveira 
<emphasis box="[712,781,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
adding to this context. Other occurrences at the site belong to herbivorous/omnivorous animals: the archosauromorph 
<taxonomicName box="[355,569,1358,1381]" class="Reptilia" family="Rhynchosauridae" genus="Hyperodapedon" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[355,527,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hyperodapedon</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, the traversodontid cynodont 
<taxonomicName box="[272,408,1391,1414]" class="Reptilia" family="Traversodontidae" genus="Exaeretodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[272,408,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Exaeretodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the sauropodomorph dinosaurs 
<taxonomicName authority="(Cabreira et al. 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Cabreira" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[223,781,1423,1446]" class="Reptilia" genus="Pampadromaeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberenai">
<emphasis box="[223,533,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pampadromaeus barberenai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Cabreira, S. F. &amp; Schultz, C. L. &amp; Bittencourt, J. S. &amp; Soares, M. B. &amp; Fortier, D. C. &amp; Silva, L. R. &amp; Langer, M. C." box="[549,771,1423,1446]" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1035 - 1040" part="98" refId="ref10036" refString="Cabreira, S. F., Schultz, C. L., Bittencourt, J. S., Soares, M. B., Fortier, D. C., Silva, L. R. &amp; Langer, M. C. 2011. New stem-sauropodomorph (Dinosauria, Saurischia) from the Triassic of Brazil. Naturwissenschaften, 98, 1035 - 1040." title="New stem-sauropodomorph (Dinosauria, Saurischia) from the Triassic of Brazil" type="journal article" year="2011">
Cabreira 
<emphasis box="[652,709,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Pretto et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Pretto" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[206,716,1456,1479]" class="Reptilia" genus="Bagualosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agudoensis">
<emphasis box="[206,497,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bagualosaurus agudoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Pretto, F. A. &amp; Langer, M. C. &amp; Schultz, C. L." box="[512,704,1456,1479]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="388 - 416" part="185" refId="ref12838" refString="Pretto, F. A., Langer, M. C. &amp; Schultz, C. L. 2019. A new dinosaur (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic of Brazil provides insights on the evolution of sauropodomorph body plan. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185, 388 - 416." title="A new dinosaur (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic of Brazil provides insights on the evolution of sauropodomorph body plan" type="journal article" year="2019">
Pretto 
<emphasis box="[587,643,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[159,781,189,1901]" lastBlockId="14.[844,1467,189,311]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
The putative mode of life related to water bodies often attributed to proterochampsids are an interesting theme added to the Varzea do Agudo palaeofauna, which previously recorded only fully terrestrial taxa (see above). Currently, the site lacks other organisms that possibly preyed within aquatic environments, such as temnospondyls and phytosaurs. Therefore, if proterochampsids (especially 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Müller &amp; Garcia &amp; Fonseca" authorityYear="2022" box="[422,702,1716,1739]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Stenoscelida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis box="[422,702,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stenoscelida aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were semi-aquatic predators (following the general morphology of extant crocodilians; 
<bibRefCitation author="Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T." box="[493,720,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of London, Special Publications" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 90" part="379" refId="ref13805" refString="Trotteyn, M. J., Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Raugust, T. 2013. Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 379, 59 - 90." title="Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America" type="journal article" year="2013">
Trotteyn 
<emphasis box="[597,656,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
), the new taxon expands the ecological diversity within the Varzea do Agudo site. On the other hand, some methods have cast doubts on these habits. Therefore, while some proterochampsids probably had a mode of life related to water bodies, other were more likely terrestrial in habit (e.g. 
<taxonomicName box="[907,1205,255,278]" class="Reptilia" family="Proterochampsidae" genus="Chanaresuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
<emphasis box="[907,1205,255,278]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chanaresuchus bonapartei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Arcucci, A. B. &amp; Previtera, M. E. &amp; Mancuso, A. C." box="[1228,1459,255,278]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="157 - 170" part="64" refId="ref9626" refString="Arcucci, A. B., Previtera, M. E. &amp; Mancuso, A. C. 2019. Ecomorphology and bone microstructure of Proterochampsia from the Chanares Formation. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 64, 157 - 170." title="Ecomorphology and bone microstructure of Proterochampsia from the Chanares Formation" type="journal article" year="2019">
Arcucci 
<emphasis box="[1328,1384,255,278]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Ezcurra, M. D. &amp; Montefeltro, F. C. &amp; Pinheiro, F. L. &amp; Trotteyn, M. J. &amp; Gentil, A. R. &amp; Lehmann, O. E. &amp; Pradelli, L. A." box="[844,1054,288,311]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South American Earth Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="102935" part="105" refId="ref11032" refString="Ezcurra, M. D., Montefeltro, F. C., Pinheiro, F. L., Trotteyn, M. J., Gentil, A. R., Lehmann, O. E. &amp; Pradelli, L. A. 2021. The stem-archosaur evolutionary radiation in South America. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 105, 102935. doi: 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2020. 102935" title="The stem-archosaur evolutionary radiation in South America" type="journal article" year="2021">
Ezcurra 
<emphasis box="[936,992,288,311]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>