249 lines
31 KiB
XML
249 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EA21ADBA2D551BC22B32F6444EB9D35A">First record of a living species of the genus Janulum (Class Demospongiae) in the Southern Hemisphere</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13657A45E0B7D361C9A8EBA3EAE40B9C">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8E817AF3477FDB4B1FB0F65875BA49A7">Erpenbeck, Dirk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="79EB1F5F5A020E9C38586A1CC5538B3D">Morrow, Christine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FC8BD3FA59040887B2D5B80D6EDC23C8">Soest, Rob Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C71F58350633CC43B08BC4EACCBAB168">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BFEDDC4F3B284C4A3266A0AD209F9C55">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="92A8CD9CA1A04E0490178856199A0306">3980</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5B6587C802650D0C2385FB96FB9D03EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6122468" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119632929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6122468" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B6587C802650D0C2385FB96FB9D03EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B6587C802650D0C2385FB96FB9D03EC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<subSubSection id="9BD6655502650D0D2385FB96FE3F06CA" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D2385FB96FD08062B" blockId="8.[151,674,1103,1164]" box="[151,674,1103,1130]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<heading id="883B81B202650D0D2385FB96FD08062B" bold="true" box="[151,674,1103,1130]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D2385FB96FD08062B" bold="true" box="[151,674,1103,1130]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02650D0D2385FB96FE0A062B" authority="Kelly" authorityName="Kelly" box="[151,416,1103,1130]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imago">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D2385FB96FEFC0628" bold="true" box="[151,342,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Janulum imago</emphasis>
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Kelly
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</taxonomicName>
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& van Soest sp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D2385FBAAFE3F06CA" blockId="8.[151,674,1103,1164]" box="[151,405,1139,1164]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D238DFBAAFF4806CA" box="[159,226,1139,1164]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1146,1168]" captionTargetBox="[457,1128,325,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[453,1133,319,1114]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Study area showing the collection locality for Janulum imago sp. nov., Forde Guyot, Louisville Seamount Chain in International Waters to the east of New Zealand, and location of the Oamaru Diatomite (Late Eocene) from which J. princeps sp. nov. was illustrated by Hinde & Holmes (1892); □ Janulum imago sp. nov.; ○ Janulum princeps sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236018/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D23FDFBAAFF5106CA" box="[239,251,1139,1163]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">3</figureCitation>
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B–F,
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<tableCitation id="9E4E036502650D0D2228FBAAFE2006CA" box="[314,394,1139,1164]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Janulum spp. Given as length [mean (min-max)] x width [mean (min-max)], n = 20 if not indicated otherwise." pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BD6655502650D0D2385FB62FCE1077E" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D2385FB62FD1A075A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D2385FB62FE290695" bold="true" box="[151,387,1211,1236]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Holotype—NIWA 94196, Paratypes—NIWA 93421, 94185: TAN1402/31, Lot 224, Forde Guyot, Louisville Seamount Chain, International Waters,
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<geoCoordinate id="B6F8501902650D0D2021FB07FC0D06B6" box="[819,935,1246,1271]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" precision="55" value="-35.317">35.317° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B6F8501902650D0D20AAFB07FBEE06B6" box="[952,1092,1246,1271]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" precision="55" value="-170.452">170.452° W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D2740FB07FB5906B6" box="[1106,1267,1246,1271]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4025" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.205" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1402.5" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1205.0">1205–1600 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="A772101E02650D0D2611FB06FA3206B6" box="[1283,1432,1246,1271]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" value="2014-02-11">11 Feb 2014</date>
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, collected by epibenthic sled from RV
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<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02650D0D212DFADDFD00075A" box="[575,682,1284,1307]" class="Arachnida" family="Uloboridae" genus="Tangaroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D212DFADDFD00075A" box="[575,682,1284,1307]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Tangaroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5FAFFFCE1077E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" box="[199,843,1318,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5FAFFFEC5077E" bold="true" box="[199,367,1318,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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<typeStatus id="0C77887C02650D0D23D5FAFFFEA8077E" box="[199,258,1318,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Type</typeStatus>
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location.
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</emphasis>
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Forde Guyot, Louisville Seamount Chain.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BD6655502650D0D23D5FA92FBA70725" box="[199,1037,1355,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5FA92FBA70725" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" box="[199,1037,1355,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5FA92FECA0725" bold="true" box="[199,352,1355,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only from Forde Guyot, Louisville Seamount Chain.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BD6655502650D0D23D5FAB7FB1E0586" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5FAB7FB1507B2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5FAB7FEF307C6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1390,1415]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Description.</emphasis>
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Thinly encrusting in the interstices of stony coral
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<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02650D0D20BAFAB7FB0407C6" box="[936,1198,1390,1415]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D20BAFAB7FB0407C6" box="[936,1198,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Solenosmilia variabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D27D2FAB7FAAC07C6" box="[1216,1286,1390,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C),
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<typeStatus id="0C77887C02650D0D2621FAB7FA3207C6" box="[1331,1432,1390,1415]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, about
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<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D23CCFA4AFEBD07EA" box="[222,279,1427,1451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
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length,
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<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D2265FA4AFE1A07EA" box="[375,432,1427,1451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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wide and
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<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D2138FA4AFD2307EA" box="[554,649,1427,1451]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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thick. Surface follows undulations of coral substrate and is punctate with flush oscules
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<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D2275FA6EFE02078E" box="[359,424,1463,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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diameter. Larger, elongate openings are also present (
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D2712FA6FFBE8078E" box="[1024,1090,1462,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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D). Interior cavernous. Texture in life firm, crisp, but very delicate and friable. Colour in life is translucent pale blue (
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D274BFA02FB3607B2" box="[1113,1180,1499,1524]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5FA27FAE1041E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
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||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5FA27FE9F0456" bold="true" box="[199,309,1534,1559]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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Choanosome and ectosome a cavernous, extremely fragile isodictyal reticulation of megascleres (
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<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D238DF9FAFF43047A" box="[159,233,1571,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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E, F). Ectosome undifferentiated from underlying choanosome, consisting of a tangential isodictyal reticulation with the ends of spicules visible occasionally, protruding from the surface membrane (
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||
<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D27F6F99FFA8D041E" box="[1252,1319,1606,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5F9B2FBAC0555" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5F9B2FE9A04C5" bold="true" box="[199,304,1643,1668]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Megascleres—Strongyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4BF72A5B02650D0D217DF9B2FD1D04C2" box="[623,695,1643,1668]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,349,1824]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology and megascleres of New Zealand Janulum species: A. Janulum princeps sp. nov., spined strongyle, length 160 µm, width 20 µm, reproduced from Hinde & Holmes (1892: Plate 7, Fig. 51); Janulum imago sp. nov., holotype NIWA 94196: B. spined strongyles showing a range of curvature of the ends of the spicules; C. preserved holotype encrusting the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis; D. close-up of surface showing oscules and larger perforations; E. view through sponge surface showing choanosomal isodictyal reticulation and tangential reticulation lining two canals; F. close-up view of strongyles in isodictyal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B, F;
|
||
<tableCitation id="9E4E036502650D0D2012F9B2FCFC04C2" box="[768,854,1643,1668]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Janulum spp. Given as length [mean (min-max)] x width [mean (min-max)], n = 20 if not indicated otherwise." pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), faintly to acutely curved at each end, ends are orientated towards the same side or opposite sides of the spicule. Perfectly straight spicules and those with an acute bend at only one end are less common. Some spicules are slightly sinuous. Lightly spined, concave spines project perpendicular to the shaft, aligned in short spiralling linear arrays, ends rounded and smooth, slightly enlarged. Spines appear to be hollow in some spicules, 278 (240–320)
|
||
<date id="A772101E02650D0D2053F925FCD80555" box="[833,882,1787,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" value="1915-10">x 15</date>
|
||
(10–18) µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0D23D5F8C7FB1E0586" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5F8C7FDD00576" bold="true" box="[199,634,1822,1847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Substrate, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Encrusting the interstices of dead stony coral rubble of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02650D0D2695F8C6FEA8051D" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D2695F8C6FEA8051D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">S. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a CITES protected species and important habitat former in deep water around
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABDB764E02650D0D2798F89DFA8B051D" box="[1162,1313,1859,1884]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B75D4B2F02650D0D2623F89AFF53053E" author="Tracey" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" refString="Tracey, D. M., Rowden, A. A., Mackay, K. A. & Compton, T. (2011) Habitat-forming cold-water corals show affinity for seamounts in the New Zealand region. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 430, 1 - 22. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 09164" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Tracey
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D269AF89DFF1E053E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Forde is an elongated guyot, a seamount with a flat top, oriented northwest-southeast with a summit plateau at
|
||
<quantity id="14349B3B02650D0D2202F852FE0605E2" box="[272,428,1931,1955]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–1100 m</quantity>
|
||
deep with flanks that are deeply incised with gullies and ridges. The plateau edge and upper flanks are exposed bedrock with sand and intact stony coral (Clark
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D20DDF869FBAD0586" box="[975,1031,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
in press 2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BD6655502650D0C23D5F80AFF6A0295" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02650D0C23D5F80AFF6A0295" blockId="8.[151,1437,1211,2028]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D23D5F80AFEE405AD" bold="true" box="[199,334,2003,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the “echo” of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02650D0D21F4F80AFCEC05AD" box="[742,838,2003,2028]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02650D0D21F4F80AFCEC05AD" box="[742,838,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Janulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first recorded from the Late Eocene in the region of Zealandia that formed the Oamaru Diatomite, now found living on the Louisville Seamount Chain (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C2618FF40FAFA02F1" box="[1290,1360,153,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imago">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C2618FF40FAFA02F1" box="[1290,1360,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">imago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, echo; L.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BD6655502640D0C23D5FF06FB9D03EC" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D37336DE02640D0C23D5FF06FB9D03EC" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C23D5FF06FE9102B9" bold="true" box="[199,315,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C2253FF06FE4402B9" box="[321,494,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C2253FF06FE4402B9" box="[321,494,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">Janulum imago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FA8B57B702640D0C22E6FF06FDE702B9" box="[500,589,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C22E6FF06FDE702B9" bold="true" box="[500,589,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a small, fragile sponge, inhabiting a similar deep-water dead coral habitat to the genus
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C77887C02640D0C223DFEDCFEF5035C" box="[303,351,261,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C2278FEDCFD8E035C" box="[362,548,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C2278FEDCFD8E035C" box="[362,548,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">J. spinispiculum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B75D4B2F02640D0C2022FEDDFBCB035D" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[816,1121,260,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" refString="Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M. & Uriz, M. J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d'Alboran et du golfe ibero-marocain. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 160, 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Boury-Esnault
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C20F2FEDCFBB6035C" box="[992,1052,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B75D4B2F02640D0C2762FEDDFAF0035D" author="Calcinai" box="[1136,1370,260,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" refString="Calcinai, B., Moratti, V., Martinelli, M., Bavestrello, G. & Taviani, M. (2013) Uncommon sponges associated with deep coral bank and maerl habitats in the Strait of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea). Italian Journal of Zoology, 2013, 1 - 12. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.786763" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Calcinai
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C27CAFEDCFABE035C" box="[1240,1300,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The spined strongyles are remarkably similar in their overall shape and ornamentation to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C27ADFEF0FADD0301" box="[1215,1399,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C27ADFEF0FADD0301" box="[1215,1399,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">J. spinispiculum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(c. 200–240 µm), but those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C22D9FE94FD860325" box="[459,556,333,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C22D9FE94FD860325" box="[459,556,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">J. imago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C2126FE95FD240324" bold="true" box="[564,654,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FA8B57B702640D0C2126FE95FD240324" box="[564,654,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are almost 100 µm longer and are double the thickness. The spicules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C23A5FEA8FEB303C9" box="[183,281,369,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C23A5FEA8FEB303C9" box="[183,281,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">J. imago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FA8B57B702640D0C2230FEB6FED703C9" box="[290,381,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C2230FEB6FED703C9" bold="true" box="[290,381,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are also much longer than the spicule of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CC4D5D02640D0C204BFEA8FC7F03C9" box="[857,981,369,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Janulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C204BFEA8FC7F03C9" box="[857,981,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">J. princeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FA8B57B702640D0C20CCFEB6FB9303C9" box="[990,1081,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B8EACC02640D0C20CCFEB6FB9303C9" bold="true" box="[990,1081,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B75D4B2F02640D0C27CBFEB6FDB303EC" author="Hinde" pageId="9" pageNumber="264" refString="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M. (1892) On the sponge-remains in the Lower Tertiary Strata near Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society Zoology, 24 (151), 177 - 262. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1892. tb 02480. x" type="journal article" year="1892" yearSuffix="x">
|
||
Hinde & Holmes (1892: 160 µm long
|
||
<date id="A772101E02640D0C226FFE4CFE0B03ED" box="[381,417,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="264">x 8</date>
|
||
µm thick)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, clearly differentiating it from the fossil species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |