140 lines
15 KiB
XML
140 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="C835C600546C33ADBB36875C5E5AAF70" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93e50923-ac4f-4bc5-93cc-4b1e825a8c1d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267667" ID-ZooBank="ECC66298-6885-47B3-B797-8D30AA05927F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1458633050499" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turon, Xavier, Cañete, Juan I., Sellanes, Javier, Rocha, Rosana M. & López-Legentil, Susanna" docDate="2016" docId="03C88E54FF8BFFA0FF77B3D0FA6237AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4093.2.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4093 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyzoa minor Monniot 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="FFF1F62CFF99FFB3FFE0B677FFED3076" masterDocTitle="Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1698185791852" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E627C40334C6BB001BCAB1904B7BF959">
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<mods:title id="8BCD77A75F98AE381DDF4B157F013FC5">Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD909CE185EFD6FCD0D8AF475EFFEB0E">Turon, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A81F376680B3413197FDDDB945170ADD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B03D2EC2ADA464C7E0D4A7462C5DB82">Cañete, Juan I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A32B78314F3C95C17FDA85985CF3797">Sellanes, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1EE68FE4F3975EDF377E5F1AF6BAC25">Rocha, Rosana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E1E6B7CB99465E771B11F1C8006E0FCD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="986019DD2A34E525E5D3AC285C823373">López-Legentil, Susanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A6ACD5611A25877A082E6B8CF660852C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3046D65368BFB8D6F0E43C5735D6699F">
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<mods:date id="2FCD776802E8A52A38CF915C391948E2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6FD6219F2FEBA3730E5F59C310D29CD7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C182F51DF22A918E9FA059005685AF6A">4093</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F68D8BE34F3ACA76E0707C80097BCA7D">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="210EA30CA50075800ED68D65823F9DEB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="79C6390F853AA424A28D2CBBF70D06F5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C88E54FF8BFFA0FF77B3D0FA6237AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5630336" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5630336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C88E54FF8BFFA0FF77B3D0FA6237AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88E54FF8BFFA0FF77B3D0FA6237AE" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FF0B3595" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FDEF35B4" blockId="18.[151,514,1447,1507]" box="[151,514,1447,1474]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="D096882EFF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FDEF35B4" bold="true" box="[151,514,1447,1474]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FDEF35B4" authority="Monniot, 1970" authorityName="Monniot" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,514,1447,1474]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FDEF35B4" bold="true" box="[151,514,1447,1474]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8BFFA1FF77B3D0FEAB35B7" bold="true" box="[151,326,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Polyzoa minor</emphasis>
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Monniot, 1970
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF77B3BDFF0B3595" blockId="18.[151,514,1447,1507]" box="[151,230,1482,1507]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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<figureCitation id="135A23C7FF8BFFA1FF77B3BDFF0B3595" box="[151,230,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1417,303,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[164,1424,301,1443]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 11. Polyzoa minor. A, colony; B, zooid dissected; C, left side of the body without branchial sac; D, close-up of hermaphrodite gonads from the right side of the body; E, larva. Images B – D are of stained material. Scale bars: A, 5 mm, B, C, 1 mm, D, 0.15 mm, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267678/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8BFFA1FF77B065FED03618" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF77B065FB4E365E" blockId="18.[151,1187,1554,1576]" box="[151,1187,1554,1576]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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References and synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8BFFA1FE4FB065FD06365E" authority="Monniot 1970" authorityName="Monniot" authorityYear="1970" box="[431,747,1554,1576]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8BFFA1FE4FB065FDAE365E" box="[431,579,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Polyzoa minor</emphasis>
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(Monniot 1970)
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</taxonomicName>
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p. 346; Monniot & Monniot (1973) p. 721.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF77B022FED03618" blockId="18.[151,1436,1621,2006]" box="[151,317,1621,1646]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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Localities:
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<specimenCount id="9D67F4CBFF8BFFA1FEF4B022FED03618" box="[276,317,1621,1646]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="generic">6N.</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8BFFA0FF27B00DFA7C3081" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF27B00DFCD93754" blockId="18.[151,1436,1621,2006]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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We have found one colony of this colonial
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8BFFA1FD45B00EFCFD36E4" box="[677,784,1657,1682]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Styelidae</taxonomicName>
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, in the underside of a shallow boulder. The zooids (up to
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in height) are united by stolons. There are small zooids and buds along the stolons. The tunic is whitishbrownish. Internally, there are about a dozen well-developed tentacles (and smaller ones in-between) and the neural gland opens in a vertical slit. The branchial sac has 6 longitudinal vessels on the right and 4 on the left. There are 7– 9 stigmata, with parastigmatic vessels, in the wider meshes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA1FF27B15AFA8A371C" blockId="18.[151,1436,1621,2006]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">The digestive system forms an open loop and ends in a slightly bilobed anus. The stomach has ca. 12 folds and a long and curved pyloric caecum. There are three elongated endocarps attached to the body wall at each side.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8BFFA0FF27B102FA7C3081" blockId="18.[151,1436,1621,2006]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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There are up to 12 hermaphrodite gonads on the right, alongside the endostyle. They are sac-like or elongated, with a wide female opening at one end, and a male opening forming a slender tube in sub-terminal position. In some cases the posterior gonads have only a ball-like male follicle. On the left there are from 2 to 6 gonads. When there are only two they are exclusively male. When they are more numerous, the posterior ones are hermaphrodite and the anterior ones male only. There are numerous larvae in incubation in the peribranchial cavity of some zooids. The larvae have a trunk length of up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF8AFFA0FD48B697FCED3081" box="[680,768,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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, three conical adhesive papillae and a single pigment spot.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF1E6FCAFF8AFFA0FF77B3CFFE39367D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267678/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" targetBox="[167,1417,303,1434]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8AFFA0FF77B3CFFE39367D" blockId="19.[151,1436,1464,1547]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FF77B3CFFECC35BB" bold="true" box="[151,289,1464,1486]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8AFFA0FECAB3CFFE2D35B8" box="[298,448,1464,1486]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FECAB3CFFE2D35B8" box="[298,448,1464,1486]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Polyzoa minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, colony; B, zooid dissected; C, left side of the body without branchial sac; D, close-up of hermaphrodite gonads from the right side of the body; E, larva. Images B–D are of stained material. Scale bars: A, 5 mm, B, C, 1 mm, D, 0.15 mm, E, 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8AFFA0FF27B044FA6237AE" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8AFFA0FF27B044FF02373E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1587,2008]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FF27B044FED6363A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1587,1612]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Monniot (1970) stressed that the species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8AFFA0FC20B044FBF7363D" box="[960,1050,1587,1611]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FC20B044FBF7363D" box="[960,1050,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Polyzoa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished first by the number of branchial vessels, then by the structure of the stomach folds and, finally, by the form and shape of the colony. Our specimens, with 6 and 4 longitudinal vessels at each side, agree with the description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8AFFA0FB1FB00BFAB336E5" box="[1279,1374,1660,1683]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FB1FB00BFAB336E5" box="[1279,1374,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">P. minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Kerguelen Islands (Monniot 1970). In a second report (Monniot & Monniot 1973) gives a more detailed description, highlighting some variability in the number of branchial vessels and the number of gonads. Our specimens have in general more gonads than described (up to 8 on the right and 4 on the left), but the general characters are in good agreement with the descriptions. The larvae are here mentioned for the first time in this species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8AFFA0FF27B124FA6237AE" blockId="19.[151,1437,1587,2008]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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The fact that the species has been so far reported only from the Kerguelen Islands (S Indian Ocean) casts some doubt about its identification. There may be several
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8AFFA0FD04B100FCD337F9" box="[740,830,1911,1935]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FD04B100FCD337F9" box="[740,830,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Polyzoa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with small zooids and more observations and genetic analyses are called for to clarify their taxonomic status. For the time being, in absence of clear discriminating characters, we assign this specimen to
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8AFFA0FDA8B1B7FD4F37A1" box="[584,674,1984,2007]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">P. m i n or</emphasis>
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and expand therefore its distribution range to temperate E Pacific.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |