161 lines
17 KiB
XML
161 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="DC198FF032E02E4C0243041D857B8C15" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1215.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5064764" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625282670396" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G." docDate="2006" docId="2254ED3CBF79FFC55A77FEFC348D4F3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01215p096.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1215 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1215.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Agrotis malefida Guenee, Rascal Dart" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="DE6D9544BF6DFFD15B7FFFE7356E4B6C" masterDocTitle="The Noctuinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U. S. A." masterLastPageNumber="95" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698986046243" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F94D572F4FD5CBF582A30ECCDBC5F983">The Noctuinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U. S. A.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BC67441910B1C143DF46862C6DA049C7">Pogue, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BB7D83CC96D5E79EE84AA97991D6E3AA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D64D3F905AF87FF7E874BB841B824BA9">
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<mods:date id="E7CBE3291AE0BCADEB34C0DB30FF188B">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9348E173B10818ECFCB841C0CC6DBC5C">2006-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="832AA897F69BA72114EBFF0EF1489231">1215</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="877851DB574B6C5D97494D1C539340C9">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1215.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="0B2B58B55B337C4E7AAC0B115E040CAB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1215.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B7475B0A0F388D07E499127940F11736" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2254ED3CBF79FFC55A77FEFC348D4F3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066501" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2254ED3CBF79FFC55A77FEFC348D4F3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2254ED3CBF79FFC55A77FEFC348D4F3D" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="E2E70FA1BF79FFC55A77FEFC31D84A59" box="[264,1206,283,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A77FEFC31D84A59" blockId="20.[264,1206,283,345]" box="[264,1206,283,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<heading id="F10AEB46BF79FFC55A77FEFC31D84A59" bold="true" box="[264,1206,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A77FEFC31D84A59" bold="true" box="[264,1206,283,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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8.
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55A5AFEFB37974A59" ID-CoL="65TDC" authority="Guenee, Rascal Dart" authorityName="Guenee, Rascal Dart" box="[293,761,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malefida">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A5AFEFB34814A5A" bold="true" box="[293,495,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Agrotis malefida</emphasis>
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Guenée, Rascal Dart
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</taxonomicName>
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(adult), Palesided Cutworm (larva)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E2E70FA1BF79FFC55A77FED8348D4F3D" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A77FED834014A35" blockId="20.[264,1206,283,345]" box="[264,367,319,345]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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(
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<figureCitation id="32C640AFBF79FFC55A6EFED8340B4A35" box="[273,357,319,345]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="72.[264,382,315,339]" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. Adults. 9, Agrotis ipsilon, f, North Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, NE of house in field, GSNMP, 4925 ft., 31 July 2003, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00156836; 10, Agrotis malefida, m, Bermuda, Smith’s Parrish, Spittal Pond Nature Reserve, 13 Mar. 1988, D.C. Ferguson; 11, Agrotis venerabilis, m, Tennessee, Blount Co., Tremont, 1360 ft., 15 Oct. 2000, J.W. Brown, USNMENT 00153469; 12, Agrotis volubilis, m, Nova Scotia, Halifax, Boulderwood, 7 June 1959, D.C. Ferguson; 13, Dichagyris acclivis, m, Maryland, Montgomery Co., Colesville, 17 Aug. 1984, D.C. Ferguson; 14, Euxoa bostoniensis, f, New Jersey, Lakehurst, 21 Sep. 1930, F. Lemmer; 15, E uxoa bostoniensis, m, New York, [no specific locality], 25 Sep. 1900, A.C. Weeks; 16, Euxoa campestris, m, North Carolina, JacksonHaywood Co. line, Richland, Balsam Mt., 6000 ft., 30 June 1967, D.C. Ferguson." pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A77FE6936AB494D" blockId="20.[264,1324,398,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A77FE6934D54AC4" bold="true" box="[264,443,398,424]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Identification:</emphasis>
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Forewing length 18.0–23.0 mm. This is a distinct species with a pale gray forewing ground color and prominent black claviform and reniform spots. Prothoracic collar is black with pale gray tegulae. Hindwing is white in males and in females the veins are gray and the wings are more heavily suffused with gray.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A47FDC936AC491D" blockId="20.[264,1324,398,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A47FDC9348B4924" bold="true" box="[312,485,558,584]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Flight period:</emphasis>
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In the northern part of its range adults begin emerging in late January; they fly throughout the year in the south (
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<bibRefCitation id="CE6C21DBBF79FFC55991FDB036D8491D" author="Lafontaine, J. D." box="[750,950,599,625]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref23295" refString="Lafontaine, J. D. (2004) Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part): Noctuinae, Agrotini. In: Hodges, R. W., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Munroe, E. G., & Powell, J. A. (Eds.) The Moths of America North of Mexico, fasc. 25.1, Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas. 385 pp." type="book" year="2004">Lafontaine 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A47FD9934FD49AD" blockId="20.[264,1324,398,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A47FD99374149F4" bold="true" box="[312,559,638,664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Collected localities:</emphasis>
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This species is not recorded from the Park, but it is likely to occur there.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A47FD2931064855" blockId="20.[264,1324,398,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A47FD2937244984" bold="true" box="[312,586,718,744]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">General distribution:</emphasis>
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Mainly southern in distribution from North Carolina and Kentucky south to Florida, west to Arizona, and north to southern Kansas. It is also present in the Neotropics from
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<collectingCountry id="D2EA1CBABF79FFC55966FCF8371C4855" box="[537,626,799,825]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="D2EA1CBABF79FFC559E7FCF836624855" box="[664,780,799,825]" name="Argentina" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="D2EA1CBABF79FFC55839FCF836E84855" box="[838,902,799,825]" name="Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Chile</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CE6C21DBBF79FFC558EBFCF831324855" author="Lafontaine, J. D." box="[916,1116,799,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref23295" refString="Lafontaine, J. D. (2004) Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part): Noctuinae, Agrotini. In: Hodges, R. W., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Munroe, E. G., & Powell, J. A. (Eds.) The Moths of America North of Mexico, fasc. 25.1, Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas. 385 pp." type="book" year="2004">Lafontaine 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA425C2ABF79FFC55A47FCA1348D4F3D" blockId="20.[264,1324,398,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A47FCA13484480C" bold="true" box="[312,490,838,864]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Larval hosts:</emphasis>
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Polyphagous, prefers broadleaved herbaceous plants including cabbage (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55A00FC88373448E4" box="[383,602,879,904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleracea">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A00FC88373448E4" box="[383,602,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Brassica oleracea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.,
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC559E9FC88365C48E5" baseAuthorityName="Passoa and Hollingsworth" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[662,818,879,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
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), clover (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC558D3FC88312748E5" box="[940,1097,879,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC558D3FC88317748E4" box="[940,1049,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trifolium</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55F23FC8831A048E5" box="[1116,1230,879,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), beans (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55A6FFC7034ED48DD" box="[272,387,919,945]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), onion (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55A87FC70371948DD" box="[504,631,919,945]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A87FC70372848DC" box="[504,582,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Allium</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC559F4FC70379548DD" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[651,763,919,945]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
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), pea (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC5582AFC70316948DC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[853,1031,919,944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pisum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativum">
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC5582AFC70316948DC" box="[853,1031,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pisum sativum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.,
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55F3BFC7031D848DD" box="[1092,1206,919,945]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), peppers (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55A6DFC5834D348B5" box="[274,445,959,985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A6DFC5834E948B4" box="[274,391,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Capsicum</emphasis>
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sp.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55AACFC58373248B5" box="[467,604,959,985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
), potato (
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC5599BFC5836B248B4" box="[740,988,959,984]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">
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||
<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC5599BFC5836B248B4" box="[740,988,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Solanum tuberosum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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L.,
|
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<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55F59FC5831C148B5" box="[1062,1199,959,985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
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), tobacco (
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<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55A6DFC0034EB4F6C" box="[274,389,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nicotania</emphasis>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55ABEFC0037274F6D" box="[449,585,999,1025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), tomato (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC559BCFC0036A14F6C" box="[707,975,999,1024]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC559BCFC0036A14F6C" box="[707,975,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Solanum lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55F7CFC0031E54F6D" box="[1027,1163,999,1025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
), and various weeds; pest of corn (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55968FBE837E34F44" box="[535,653,1039,1064]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||
<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC55968FBE837E34F44" box="[535,653,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Zea mays</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC559B5FBE836424F45" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[714,812,1039,1065]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and cotton (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC558A4FBE831E04F45" box="[987,1166,1039,1065]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="98898038BF79FFC558A4FBE831334F44" box="[987,1117,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Gossypium</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFD27A9BF79FFC55FDDFBE8304C4F45" box="[1186,1314,1039,1065]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE6C21DBBF79FFC55A6FFBD034B94F3D" author="Lafontaine, J. D." box="[272,471,1079,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref23295" refString="Lafontaine, J. D. (2004) Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part): Noctuinae, Agrotini. In: Hodges, R. W., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Munroe, E. G., & Powell, J. A. (Eds.) The Moths of America North of Mexico, fasc. 25.1, Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas. 385 pp." type="book" year="2004">Lafontaine 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |