treatments-xml/data/03/EE/87/03EE87CFB20FFF8220F51E412FF2FEE8.xml

<document id="69DA0AE45A2E4261C85323D806EFD9B0" ID-CLB-Dataset="42247" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3914.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6d08ab1-aab1-41e0-a5a8-64e61f604c58" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="243949" ID-ZooBank="7B4A8A8B-DABD-4DF4-92B0-C9F61110C10B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460961853015" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anker, Arthur, Komai, Tomoyuki &amp; Marin, Ivan N." docDate="2015" docId="03EE87CFB20FFF8220F51E412FF2FEE8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03914p455.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3914 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alpheus echiurophilus Anker, Komai &amp; Marin, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="453" masterDocId="FFD7FFB7B20EFF8F20621F222E33FF8C" masterDocTitle="A new echiuran-associated snapping shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Indo-West Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="455" masterPageNumber="441" pageNumber="442" updateTime="1698586963297" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A0E7AD9F11D8124413D56EE8B6189539">A new echiuran-associated snapping shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Indo-West Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D441DCB2589322A755EBD81D8A039ED8">Komai, Tomoyuki</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EE87CFB20FFF8220F51E412FF2FEE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6097840" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119593125" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6097840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE87CFB20FFF8220F51E412FF2FEE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87CFB20FFF8220F51E412FF2FEE8" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20FFF8E20F51E412F92FE12" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20F51E412C3DFEF2" blockId="1.[151,526,355,415]" box="[151,526,355,382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<heading id="D0B081B5B20FFF8E20F51E412C3DFEF2" bold="true" box="[151,526,355,382]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20F51E412C3DFEF2" bold="true" box="[151,526,355,382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E20F51E412F9AFEF1" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[151,425,355,381]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20F51E412F9AFEF1" bold="true" box="[151,425,355,381]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20FFF8E21D21E462C3DFEF2" box="[432,526,356,382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20F51EA42F92FE12" blockId="1.[151,526,355,415]" box="[151,417,390,415]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E20F51EA42F32FE13" box="[151,257,390,415]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,877,899]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetBox-1="[187,1382,208,1913]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1428,200,847]" captionTargetBox-3="[285,1290,233,1897]" captionTargetBox-4="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetBox-5="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[187,1400,193,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[151,1436,193,856]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[270,1316,193,1928]" captionTargetId-4="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetId-5="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, right minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, dactylus of left major cheliped, lateral view; B, chela of right minor cheliped, mesial view; C, same, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM- ZC 12591). A, chela of right major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, chela of left minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/243951/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/243952/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/243953/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E216F1EA52F01FE13" box="[269,306,391,415]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,193,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[159,1412,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), its habitat (C) and echiuran host (D). A, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590), lateral view; B, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), same locality as holotype (CBM-ZC 12591), lateral view; C, type locality, sand flat at Ohmine, Naha, Okinawa Island, Japan, showing sampling with suction (yabby) pump; D, echiuran, Thalassematinae gen. sp., after extraction from burrow, on natural substrate, size not measured. Photographs by T. Komai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">7A</figureCitation>
, B, 8A, B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20FFF8E20F51EEB2F8AFC56" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20F51EEB2F72FE6E" bold="true" box="[151,321,457,482]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20FFF8E20F51EEB2EE1FE6E" box="[151,210,457,482]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20FFF8E21301EE82FA6FE6D" box="[338,405,458,481]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Ryukyu Islands. 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20FFF8E22071EEB2CE1FE6E" box="[613,722,457,482]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male (cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E232A1EEB2D81FE6D" box="[840,946,457,482]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="11.6">11.6 mm</quantity>
), CBM-ZC 12590, Okinawa Island, Naha, Ohmine, intertidal sand flat, yabby pump, burrow of non-identified echiuran (
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E247A1ECF2AEAFD8A" box="[1048,1241,493,518]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Thalassematidae</taxonomicName>
), coll. T. Komai, 
<date id="FFF91019B20FFF8E20F51D332F25FDA6" box="[151,278,529,554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" value="2014-04-25">25.IV.2014</date>
. 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20FFF8E21431D302FA0FDA6" box="[289,403,530,554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E21FF1D332FDAFDA6" box="[413,489,529,554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E22771D332C43FDA5" box="[533,624,529,553]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="8.8">8.8 mm</quantity>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E22E11D332CD6FDA6" box="[643,741,529,554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E23731D332D4AFDA5" box="[785,889,529,553]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="10.9">10.9 mm</quantity>
), 3 ovigerous females (cl 10.1–11.0 mm), CBM- ZC 12591, same collection data as for 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20FFF8E22031D172CF4FDC2" box="[609,711,565,590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E22B41D142D16FDC2" box="[726,805,565,590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E233A1D142D85FDC2" box="[856,950,566,590]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="7.8">7.8 mm</quantity>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E23AF1D142A02FDC2" box="[973,1073,565,590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E24071D142AF0FDC2" box="[1125,1219,566,590]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
), CBM-ZC 12592, Okinawa Island, Sesoko Islet, intertidal, mixed sand-gravel substrate, under rock, burrow of echiuran (possibly 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E20F51D5F2FC0FD19" box="[151,499,637,661]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Echiura" rank="species" species="erythrogrammon">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20F51D5F2FC0FD19" box="[151,499,637,661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Ochetostoma erythrogrammon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), coll. T. Komai, 
<date id="FFF91019B20FFF8E22B21D5F2D75FD1A" box="[720,838,637,662]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" value="2014-05-25">25.V.2014</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E23351D5C2D94FD1A" box="[855,935,637,662]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E23BC1D5C2A7FFD1A" box="[990,1100,638,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="13.2">13.2 mm</quantity>
), CBM-ZC 12593, Yaeyama Islands, Ishigaki Island, Kabira Bay, intertidal sand flat, yabby pump, coll. T. Komai, 
<date id="FFF91019B20FFF8E24351D802AD0FD36" box="[1111,1251,674,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" value="2008-12-10">10.XII.2008</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A51DE72F29FCC6" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20A51DE72F81FD52" bold="true" box="[199,434,709,734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Additional material</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20FFF8E21A21DE72C11FD52" box="[448,546,709,734]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Nha Trang Bay. 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E22861DE42D1CFD52" box="[740,815,709,734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E23381DE42D87FD52" box="[858,948,710,734]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
), 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE1CB20FFF8E23A51DE42A04FD52" box="[967,1079,710,734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">OUMNH</collectionCode>
.ZC. 2014-01-0061, southeast of Tre 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20FFF8E20A41DCB2F3EFC8E" box="[198,269,745,770]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Island</collectingCountry>
, Dam Bay, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE73501EB20FFF8E21F51DCB2C77FC8E" box="[407,580,745,770]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="1" value="12.205425">12°12’19.53”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE73501EB20FFF8E222F1DC82D36FC8E" box="[589,773,746,770]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="1" value="109.30309">109°18’11.12”E</geoCoordinate>
, mud-sand flat off mangrove, depth: 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E24D61DCB2ACAFC8D" box="[1204,1273,745,770]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
, yabby pump, burrow of echiuran 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E21EE1C2F2C36FCA9" box="[396,517,781,805]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ikedosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Echiura" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E21EE1C2F2C36FCA9" box="[396,517,781,805]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (host deposited under CBM-ZW 1100) coll. I. Marin &amp; S. Sinelnikov, 
<date id="FFF91019B20FFF8E20F51C132F25FCC6" box="[151,278,817,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" value="2014-04-06">06.IV.2014</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A51C762F8AFC56" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20A51C762C6FFCE2" bold="true" box="[199,604,852,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E20A51C762FC6FCE1" box="[199,501,852,878]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20A51C762F15FCE1" bold="true" box="[199,294,852,877]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Alpheus</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E21371C762FC6FCE1" bold="true" box="[341,501,852,877]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20FFF8E219D1C772C6FFCE2" box="[511,604,853,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20FFF8E22071C772CDDFCE2" box="[613,750,853,878]" name="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, Nosy-Bé. 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD50B20FFF8E23121C742D8EFCE2" box="[880,957,853,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E238C1C742A78FCE2" box="[1006,1099,854,878]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="mm" value="7.9">7.9 mm</quantity>
), 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE1CB20FFF8E24021C742AF1FCE1" box="[1120,1218,854,877]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">FLMNH</collectionCode>
UF 14445, east of Hellville, near 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE1CB20FFF8E21231C582FBCFC1E" box="[321,399,890,914]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vw5h-4gfd" name="Centre National de Recherches Oceanographiques" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">CNRO</collectionCode>
station, 13.4069’ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE73501EB20FFF8E22351C5B2CFDFC1E" box="[599,718,889,914]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="5" value="-48.2917">S 48.2917</geoCoordinate>
’E mud-sand flat off mangrove, depth: 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20FFF8E24E51C5B2AC8FC1D" box="[1159,1275,889,914]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 m</quantity>
, yabby pump, burrow of echiuran 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E21E71CBF2C2AFC39" box="[389,537,925,949]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Echiura" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E21E71CBF2C2AFC39" box="[389,537,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Ochetostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(?) 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E22331CBF2CD1FC39" box="[593,738,925,949]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Echiura" rank="species" species="zanzibarense">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E22331CBF2CD1FC39" box="[593,738,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">zanzibarense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(host deposited under 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE1CB20FFF8E23951CBC2A6AFC39" box="[1015,1113,926,949]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">FLMNH</collectionCode>
UF 3716), coll. A. Anker, 
<date id="FFF91019B20FFF8E20F51CE02F3AFC56" box="[151,265,962,986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" value="2008-05-18">18.V.2008</date>
(see Remarks).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20FFF8A20A51CC72CD6F9DC" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="446" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A51CC72FE8FB5A" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E20A51CC72F62FC72" bold="true" box="[199,337,997,1022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Description</emphasis>
. Carapace (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E21BB1CC72C2BFC72" box="[473,536,997,1022]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) smooth, glabrous, moderately compressed laterally; rostrum (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E257B1CC72B6AFC72" box="[1305,1369,997,1022]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) short, slender, directed forwards in males, usually slightly descending in females, distally acuminate, reaching midlength of first article of antennular peduncle; postrostral carina (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E23EA1B0F2DF8FBCA" box="[904,971,1069,1094]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A) broad, rounded transversely, slightly broadened posteriorly to level of posterior margin of corneas; adrostral grooves shallow, not abruptly delimited; orbito-rostral process feebly developed; orbital hoods (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E229C1B572D0EFB02" box="[766,829,1141,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) moderately inflated, distally rounded, unarmed; anterior margin between rostrum and orbital hoods nearly straight; pterygostomial angle (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E24B01BBB2B2AFB3E" box="[1234,1305,1177,1202]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) broadly rounded; cardiac notch deep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A51BC32FCCFA21" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
Pleon without distinctive features; pleura broadly rounded marginally; sixth pleonite without articulated flap, preanal area not protruding as tooth. Telson (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E22CD1A272CC1FA92" box="[687,754,1285,1310]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) relatively broad, subrectangular, narrowing posteriorly; dorsal surface with two pairs of moderately strong spiniform setae, situated at some distance from lateral margins, first pair slightly anterior to mid-length, second pair at about 0.7 telson length; posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E24BD1A6F2B2EFAEA" box="[1247,1309,1357,1382]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D) broadly rounded, with two pairs of posterolateral spiniform setae, mesial much longer than lateral, and with row of spinules between mesial spiniform setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A51A982EE3F996" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
Eyes (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E216C1A9B2F7DFA5E" box="[270,334,1465,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) completely concealed in dorsal and lateral views, partly visible in frontal view, with small low tubercle on anteromesial margin; cornea well developed. Ocellar beak not conspicuously protruding between eyes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A519072AD3F926" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
Antennular peduncle (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E21A019072C32F9B2" box="[450,513,1573,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) moderately slender; stylocerite with acute tip, not reaching distal margin of first article; first article with ventromesial carina bearing broadly subtriangular tooth terminating in anteriorly directed, acute point (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E21F7194F2FEBF90A" box="[405,472,1645,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E); second article approximately 3.0 times as long as broad; lateral flagellum with numerous tufts of aesthetascs on approximately 11th to 20th joints; secondary ramus rudimentary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A519942BBEF8B6" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E215419972F45F942" box="[310,374,1717,1742]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B) with basicerite bearing moderately small, slender, ventrolateral tooth; carpocerite stout, reaching far beyond distolateral tooth of scaphocerite; scaphocerite (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E23D619FB2DC5F97E" box="[948,1014,1753,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
F) reaching distal end of antennular peduncle by distal margin of lamella, with faintly sinuous lateral margin and strong distolateral tooth, latter reaching far beyond lamella; cleft between lamella and distolateral tooth deep; lamella narrowly rounded distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20FFF8E20A518672F1EF861" blockId="1.[151,1437,457,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
Mouthparts typical for 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20FFF8E21AA18672C11F8D1" box="[456,546,1861,1885]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20FFF8E21AA18672C11F8D1" box="[456,546,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Third maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20FFF8E229918672D0EF8D2" box="[763,829,1861,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) moderately stout; lateral plate on coxa extending to base of exopod, with subacute point; antepenultimate article subtriangular in cross-section, with distinctly keeled dorsolateral margin and sharply carinate ventral margin; penultimate article flattened dorsoventrally, about twice as long as wide in dorsal or ventral view; ultimate article distally tapering, trigonal in cross section, tip blunt with tufts of long setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF386651B20CFF8D20F518622B09F87C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" targetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20CFF8D20F518622B09F87C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1856,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20CFF8D20F518622F20F8D9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1856,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20CFF8D217818622FCEF8DA" box="[282,509,1856,1878]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20CFF8D217818622FCEF8DA" box="[282,509,1856,1878]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20CFF8D226618632C67F8DA" box="[516,596,1857,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20CFF8D226618632C67F8DA" bold="true" box="[516,596,1857,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B20DFF8C20F518832F35F878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243951/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" targetBox="[187,1382,208,1913]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20DFF8C20F518832F35F878" blockId="3.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20DFF8C20F518832F20F83A" bold="true" box="[151,275,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20DFF8C217818832FCEF83B" box="[282,509,1953,1975]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20DFF8C217818832FCEF83B" box="[282,509,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20DFF8C226618832C67F83A" box="[516,596,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20DFF8C226618832C67F83A" bold="true" box="[516,596,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, right minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B20AFF8B20F51C4F2EEAFC4D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243952/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445" targetBox="[164,1428,200,847]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20AFF8B20F51C4F2EEAFC4D" blockId="4.[151,1437,877,961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20AFF8B20F51C4F2F20FC0F" bold="true" box="[151,275,877,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20AFF8B21781C4F2FCEFC0F" box="[282,509,877,899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20AFF8B21781C4F2FCEFC0F" box="[282,509,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20AFF8B22661C4C2C67FC0F" box="[516,596,878,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20AFF8B22661C4C2C67FC0F" bold="true" box="[516,596,878,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, dactylus of left major cheliped, lateral view; B, chela of right minor cheliped, mesial view; C, same, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20AFF8B20A51CCA2D8BFA75" blockId="4.[151,1437,1000,2033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
Male major cheliped (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B21DC1CCA2C32FB8D" box="[446,513,1000,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1382,208,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[187,1400,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, right minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243951/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A, B) moderately stout, much larger than minor cheliped. Ischium short, unarmed. Merus moderately stout, broadened distally, trigonal in cross-section; dorsal margin nearly straight, distodorsal margin slightly produced; ventrolateral margin faintly crenulate; ventromesial margin straight or faintly sinuous, nearly smooth, with row of short and long, unarmed (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B23681B762D7DFBE1" box="[778,846,1108,1133]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A) or armed with 1 short spiniform seta (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B25561B762B4AFBE1" box="[1332,1401,1108,1133]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C), terminating distally in small tooth. Carpus very short, cup-shaped. Chela moderately compressed laterally, slightly elongate; fingers slightly less than half-length of palm. Palm about 2.0 times as long as wide, dorsal and ventral margins with broad transverse grooves; dorsal groove only slightly extending onto mesial surface, but not continuing posteriorly, extending as shallow depression onto lateral surface continuing posteriorly along linea impressa; dorsal shoulder rounded, gently sloping, not overhanging groove; ventral groove broad, relatively shallow; ventral shoulder rounded, not protruding; linea impressa well marked; adhesive disks small. Pollex less than half-length of palm, with broad (about 120°) angle on dorsal margin, latter with fairly dense row of setae; mesial surface slightly depressed. Dactylus reaching slightly beyond pollex, without transverse ridge near base of plunger; plunger (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B21061ABA2F94FA3D" box="[356,423,1432,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,877,899]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,200,847]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,856]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, dactylus of left major cheliped, lateral view; B, chela of right minor cheliped, mesial view; C, same, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243952/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A) moderately long, stout. Female major cheliped (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B23901ABA2A04FA3D" box="[1010,1079,1432,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[285,1290,233,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[270,1316,193,1928]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM- ZC 12591). A, chela of right major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, chela of left minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243953/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A, B) generally similar to male major cheliped, with proportionally smaller chela; ventromesial margin of merus unarmed or armed with 1 or 2 minute spiniform setae (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B21C51AC22FDAFA75" box="[423,489,1504,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
E); palm about 1.8 times as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20AFF8A20A519262A6AFF59" blockId="4.[151,1437,1000,2033]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="446" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
Male minor cheliped (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B21AA19262C2AF991" box="[456,537,1540,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1382,208,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[187,1400,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, right minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243951/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
C, D; 3B, C) distinctly shorter than major cheliped. Ischium similar to that of major cheliped. Merus with dorsal margin slightly convex, distodorsal margin not produced; ventrolateral margin faintly convex; ventromesial margin entire or faintly crenulate, bearing row of short to long setae, unarmed or armed with 1 or 2 minute spiniform setae (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B22F019522CEBF905" box="[658,728,1648,1673]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B, D), terminating distally in small tooth. Carpus short, cupshaped, somewhat longer than that of major cheliped. Chela subcylindrical, with very shallow depression on ventral margin at pollex base. Palm about 2.2 times as long as wide, with scattered long setae on dorsal margin and lateral surface proximal to base of pollex; distomesial process near articulation with dactylus bluntly triangular. Fingers 1.2–1.3 times as long as palm, with strongly curved, crossing tips. Pollex with lateral surface bearing blunt longitudinal ridge furnished with minute spiniform setae proximally and tufts of long setae distally, surface near cutting edge excavated with two sparse rows of long and short setae; mesial surface with short longitudinal row of densely inserted setae on dorsal margin, adjacent to base of dactylus, and numerous scattered tufts of long setae; cuttinge edge sharp, blade-like. Dactylus not expanded, with lateral surface (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B239318B22A01F825" box="[1009,1074,1936,1961]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,877,899]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,200,847]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,856]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, dactylus of left major cheliped, lateral view; B, chela of right minor cheliped, mesial view; C, same, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243952/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C) sharply carinate, bearing row of stiff setae adjacent to cutting edge; surface along cutting margin depressed, flattened, with numerous setae; mesial surface (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20AFF8B212B18FA2FB8F87D" box="[329,395,2008,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,877,899]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,200,847]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,856]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, dactylus of left major cheliped, lateral view; B, chela of right minor cheliped, mesial view; C, same, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243952/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B) with weak, obliquely longitudinal ridge extending from dactylar base to distal 0.4 length of dactylus, longitudinal ridge furnished with row of stiff setae (proximal setae short, bristle-like, becoming gradually longer distally) and scattered long stiff setae; cutting edge sharp, blade-like.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51FFD2CB7FE20" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
Female minor cheliped (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A21BF1FFD2C12FF74" box="[477,545,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[285,1290,233,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[270,1316,193,1928]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM- ZC 12591). A, chela of right major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, chela of left minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243953/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C, D) generally similar to that of male, but relatively more stout; ventromesial margin of merus faintly crenulate or almost smooth, unarmed or with 1 or 2 minute, widely spaced, spiniform setae (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A20FD1E052ED0FECC" box="[159,227,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
F); palm about 1.8 times as long as wide, without shallow depression on ventral margin near pollex base; pollex with short longitudinal ridge bearing short stiff setae proximally on mesial surface, as well as scattered tufts and individual short or long setae on mesial and lateral surfaces; dactylus without longitudinal ridge on mesial side, with scattered setal tufts or individual setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51E952B5EFCD1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
Second pereiopod (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A21C11E952FDBFE5C" box="[419,488,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B) slender, overreaching distal end of antennular peduncle by 0.9 length of carpus; ischium subequal in length to merus; carpus divided into five articles, with approximate ratio 1: 0.8: 0.3: 0.3: 0.5; chela subequal in length to second carpal article, fingers slightly longer than palm. Third and fourth pereiopods similar in shape, length and armature (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A22231D062CB7FDB1" box="[577,644,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C, E). Third pereiopod (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A23EC1D062DE2FDB1" box="[910,977,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C, D) moderately slender; ischium armed with small ventrolateral spiniform seta; merus unarmed, about 5.4 times as long as wide; carpus distinctly slenderer than merus, with one stout seta at distoventral angle; propodus 1.1 times as long as carpus, armed with four to seven spiniform setae of unequal size on ventral margin, arranged in double row, and with pair of spiniform setae at distoventral angle adjacent to dactylus; dactylus simple, subconical, with acute tip, slightly curved, 0.4–0.5 length of propodus. Fifth pereiopod (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A21891DF52C1EFD7C" box="[491,557,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
F) shorter and slenderer than third and fourth pereiopods; ischium armed with small ventrolateral spiniform seta; propodus with grooming brush consisting of six or seven transverse rows of stiff setulose setae on distal 0.4 length of article, one small spiniform seta present at distoventral angle (usually concealed by grooming setae, not visible in lateral view); dactylus similar to that of third or fourth pereiopods.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51C452A19FC29" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
Male second pleopod with appendix masculina (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A22951C452D0AFC0C" box="[759,825,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G) distinctly longer than appendix interna, furnished with slender setae, increasing in length distally, on dorsal and distal-most surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51C8D2A14FBB9" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
Uropod (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A214F1C8D2F5CFC44" box="[301,367,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1856,1878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1419,204,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, same, left lateral view; C, telson, dorsal view; D, close up of posterior margin of telson, dorsal view (setae omitted); E, tooth on ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; F, left scaphocerite, dorsal view (setae omitted); G, appendices interna and masculina of left second pleopod, mesial view; H, left uropod, dorsal view (marginal setae on rami omitted); I, same, close up of posterior margin of exopod, dorsal view (only spiniform robust setae shown). Scale bars: 2 mm for A, B; 1 mm for C, F, H; 0.5 mm for D, E, G, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243950/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
H, I) with protopod armed with 2 large acute distal teeth; exopod with slightly convex lateral margin, terminating in small distolateral tooth, with adjacent movable spiniform seta; diaeresis faintly trilobate; distal margin with row of minute spinules dorsal to main setal fringe; endopod with scattered short to long setae proximally; distal margin with row of minute spinules dorsal to main setal fringe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51B1D2CBCFBDB" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,655,1087,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
Gill/exopod formula typical for 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A224C1B622CBBFBD4" box="[558,648,1088,1112]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A224C1B622CBBFBD4" box="[558,648,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51B462C8CFA11" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A51B462F06FBF1" bold="true" box="[199,309,1124,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Variation</emphasis>
. Within the Japanese material of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A22A31B462D4FFBF0" box="[705,892,1124,1148]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A22A31B462D4FFBF0" box="[705,892,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A23E41B462DD0FBF1" bold="true" box="[902,995,1124,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20BFF8A23E41B462DD0FBF1" box="[902,995,1124,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, morphological variation exists in the number of spiniform setae (4–7) on the third and fourth pereiopods; the presence or absence of minute spiniform setae on the ventromesial margin of the cheliped meri, as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A23C01B8E2DD5FB49" box="[930,998,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[223,1364,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov., variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
); the size and proportions of the major chela; and the setation of the minor cheliped. The latter two variable features are subject of sexual dimorphism, typical for many species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A22291BD62C96FA80" box="[587,677,1268,1292]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A22291BD62C96FA80" box="[587,677,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The Vietnamese male specimen agrees with the 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20BFF8A24BE1BD62B0DFA81" box="[1244,1342,1268,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in most diagnostic features, except for the much less developed setae on the mesial face of the minor cheliped fingers, possibly due to its younger age (cl 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20BFF8A224E1A1E2CB7FAD8" box="[556,644,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB20BFF8A22D41A1E2D28FAD8" box="[694,795,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="11.6">11.6 mm</quantity>
in the 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20BFF8A230C1A1E2DE6FAD9" box="[878,981,1340,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). The Madagascan male specimen, here preliminarily assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A21A31A422C96FAF4" box="[449,677,1375,1400]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A21A31A422FE9FAFB" box="[449,474,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">A.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A226E1A422C96FAF4" box="[524,677,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B20BFF8A22D31A7D2D3DFAF4" box="[689,782,1375,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A22D31A7D2D3DFAF4" bold="true" box="[689,782,1375,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, presents some more substantial differences to the 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20BFF8A250E1A432BAFFAF5" box="[1388,1436,1377,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">type</typeStatus>
series, which are discussed below (see Remarks).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A51A852CD6F9DC" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A51A852F6BFA4C" bold="true" box="[199,344,1447,1472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Colouration</emphasis>
. Carapace nearly colorless with pale orange tinge; pleon with pale reddish or orange chromatophores forming diffuse transverse bands across posterior portion of each somite; antennular and antennal peduncles reddish or pale orange; chelipeds with more intense reddish or orange areas, especially on distal portion of palm and on fingers; second to fifth pereiopods and pleopods colourless; tail fan with some pale orange markings; eggs yolk-yellow (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A21BD19152C71F9DC" box="[479,578,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,193,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[159,1412,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), its habitat (C) and echiuran host (D). A, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590), lateral view; B, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), same locality as holotype (CBM-ZC 12591), lateral view; C, type locality, sand flat at Ohmine, Naha, Okinawa Island, Japan, showing sampling with suction (yabby) pump; D, echiuran, Thalassematinae gen. sp., after extraction from burrow, on natural substrate, size not measured. Photographs by T. Komai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243956/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Figs. 7A</figureCitation>
, B; 8A, B, D).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20BFF8A20A5197E2B5EF9F8" box="[199,1389,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A5197E2B5EF9F8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1389,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A5197E2F6EF9F9" bold="true" box="[199,349,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB20BFF8A20A5197E2F31F9F9" box="[199,258,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
. Ohmine, near Naha International Airport, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, southern 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20BFF8A2544197F2B5AF9F8" box="[1318,1385,1629,1652]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20BFF8A20A5195D2A7FF930" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A5195D2A7FF930" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A5195D2F6AF914" bold="true" box="[199,345,1663,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Distribution</emphasis>
. Southern 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20BFF8A21B619A32C27F914" box="[468,532,1665,1688]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Ryukyu Islands: Okinawa and Ishigaki Islands) and 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20BFF8A240D195D2AFDF914" box="[1135,1230,1663,1688]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(Nha Trang Bay); presence in 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B20BFF8A217F19862F97F931" box="[285,420,1700,1725]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(Nosy-Bé) requires confirmation (see below for comments).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B20BFF8920A519E52F80FE21" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8A20A519E52C9AF8A4" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A519E52F75F96C" bold="true" box="[199,326,1735,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A225419EA2CFCF96C" box="[566,719,1736,1760]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A225419EA2CFCF96C" box="[566,719,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a combination of the Latin words Echiura (spoon worms) and 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20F519CE2EEFF888" box="[151,220,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">philus</emphasis>
(originally from Greek 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A218A19CE2C1FF888" box="[488,556,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">philos</emphasis>
), indicating love of or fondness for, referring to the new species symbiotic life style in echiuran burrows; used as an adjective.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B20BFF8920A518162F80FE21" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A20A518162F17F8C1" bold="true" box="[199,292,1844,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Ecology</emphasis>
. All specimens from Ohmine, Okinawa Island, were found in burrows of an unidentified echiuran from the thalassematid subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A227118752CE2F8FC" box="[531,721,1879,1904]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thalassematinae">Thalassematinae</taxonomicName>
, on intertidal sand flats (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB20BFF8A238118752A15F8FC" box="[995,1062,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,193,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[159,1412,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), its habitat (C) and echiuran host (D). A, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590), lateral view; B, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), same locality as holotype (CBM-ZC 12591), lateral view; C, type locality, sand flat at Ohmine, Naha, Okinawa Island, Japan, showing sampling with suction (yabby) pump; D, echiuran, Thalassematinae gen. sp., after extraction from burrow, on natural substrate, size not measured. Photographs by T. Komai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243956/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C, D). The single individual from Kabira Bay, Ishigaki Island, was also collected from an intertidal burrow; its host was not collected. The pair from Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island, was found on sand-gravel substrate under a large rock, together with its echiuran host tentatively identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB20BFF8A218E18E62B6BF851" authority="Leuckart &amp; Ruppel, 1828" authorityName="Leuckart &amp; Ruppel" authorityYear="1828" box="[492,1368,1988,2013]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Echiura" rank="species" species="erythrogrammon">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB20BFF8A218E18E62D7AF850" box="[492,841,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Ochetostoma erythrogrammon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B20BFF8A233618E62AB3F850" author="Leuckart" box="[852,1152,1988,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" refString="Leuckart, F. S. &amp; Ruppel, E. (1828) Neue wirbellose Thiere des Rothen Meeres. In: Ruppel, E. (Ed.), Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika. Vol. 1. Zoologie, Heinr. Ludw. Bronner, Frankfurt am Main, pp. 6 - 9." type="book" year="1828">Leuckart &amp; Rüppel, 1828</bibRefCitation>
(Thalassematidae)
</taxonomicName>
[host identification based on 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8921D31FBA2C5BFF3C" author="Nomura" box="[433,616,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Nomura, K. (2000) Host and colour variation of Alpheus barbatus Coutiere (Crustacea, Alpheidae) in Japan. The Biological Magazine, Okinawa, 38, 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="2000">Nomura (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, requires confirmation]. Another snapping shrimp, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8924B21FBA2F71FF58" authority="Coutiere, 1897" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1897" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924B21FBA2BAFFF3C" box="[1232,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Alpheus barbatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8920F51F9E2F71FF58" author="Coutiere" box="[151,322,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1897) Note sur quelques Alpheides nouveaux ou peu connus rapportes de Djibouti (Afrique orientale). Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 3, 233 - 236." type="journal article" year="1897">Coutière, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, a species not closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922DB1F9E2D47FF58" box="[697,884,188,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922DB1F9E2D47FF58" box="[697,884,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF89231F1F9E2DEBFF59" box="[893,984,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89231F1F9E2DEBFF59" bold="true" box="[893,984,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but associated with the same echiuran host, was also collected at Sesoko Islet (T. Komai, pers. obs.). The Nha Trang and Nosy-Bé specimens were both collected on sand-mud bottoms near mangroves, in very shallow water (
<quantity id="4CBF9B3CB208FF89244C1E262A9CFE90" box="[1070,1199,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" unit="m" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 m</quantity>
), from burrows of thalassematine echiurans identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89220A1E0A2CD1FECC" box="[616,738,296,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ikedosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echiura" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89220A1E0A2CD1FECC" box="[616,738,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB208FF89234B1E052D40FECC" box="[809,883,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), Alpheus cf. echiurophilus sp. nov. (D) and their echiuran hosts (C, E). A, male (cl 7.1 mm), Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam (OUMNH. ZC. 2014 - 01 - 0061), dorsal view; B, same, lateral view; C, echiuran, Ikedosoma sp. (CBM-ZW 1100), specimen after extraction from burrow; D, male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445), dorsal view; E, echiuran, Ochetostoma zanzibarense Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952 (FLMNH UF 3716), specimen after extraction from burrow. Photographs by I. Marin (A – C) and A. Anker (D, E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243957/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923BA1E0A2F66FEE9" authority="Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952" authorityName="Stephen &amp; Robertson" authorityYear="1952" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echiura" rank="species" species="zanzibarense">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923BA1E0A2B3EFECC" box="[984,1293,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Ochetostoma zanzibarense</emphasis>
Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB208FF8921091E6E2F82FEE8" box="[363,433,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), Alpheus cf. echiurophilus sp. nov. (D) and their echiuran hosts (C, E). A, male (cl 7.1 mm), Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam (OUMNH. ZC. 2014 - 01 - 0061), dorsal view; B, same, lateral view; C, echiuran, Ikedosoma sp. (CBM-ZW 1100), specimen after extraction from burrow; D, male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445), dorsal view; E, echiuran, Ochetostoma zanzibarense Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952 (FLMNH UF 3716), specimen after extraction from burrow. Photographs by I. Marin (A – C) and A. Anker (D, E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243957/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
E) (
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921831E6E2C91FEE9" box="[481,674,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Thalassematidae</taxonomicName>
), respectively. Thus, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923FD1E6E2A6EFEE8" box="[927,1117,332,356]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923FD1E6E2A6EFEE8" box="[927,1117,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8924081E6E2AFAFEE9" box="[1130,1225,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924081E6E2AFAFEE9" bold="true" box="[1130,1225,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
appears to be an obligate associate of burrowing echiurans of the thalassematid subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89238E1E4D2A99FE04" box="[1004,1194,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thalassematinae">Thalassematinae</taxonomicName>
, in the intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B208FF8920A51E952F2AFCD1" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A51E952F2AFCD1" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8920A51E952F07FE5C" bold="true" box="[199,308,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921271E9A2C77FE5C" box="[325,580,440,464]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921271E9A2C77FE5C" box="[325,580,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF89222C1E952C9FFE5C" box="[590,684,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89222C1E952C9FFE5C" bold="true" box="[590,684,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
plainly belongs to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923DC1E9A2ADEFE5C" authority="Dana, 1852" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" box="[958,1261,439,464]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923DC1E9A2A6EFE5C" box="[958,1117,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF89240A1E9A2ADEFE5C" author="Dana" box="[1128,1261,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N. Vol. 13. Crustacea. (1855). C. Sherman, Philadelphia, 685 pp. [Part I] [plates. 1 - 96]" type="book chapter" year="1852">Dana, 1852</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
species group, which was recently separated from the heterogeneous 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922981EFE2A79FE79" authority="Audouin, 1826" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[762,1098,476,501]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsii">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922981EFE2DB4FE78" box="[762,903,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. edwardsii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8923F41EFE2A72FE79" author="Audouin" box="[918,1089,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Audouin, V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de Crustaces de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny, Membre de l'Institut; offrant un expose des characteres naturels des genres avec la distinction des especes. Animaux invertebres. In: Description de l'Egypte ou receuil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'expedition de l'armee francaise, publie par les orders de sa Majeste l'Empereur Napoleon le Grand: Imperiale, Paris, pp. 77 - 98." type="book chapter" year="1826">Audouin, 1826</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
species group by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8925741EFE2ED6FD94" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Anker, A., Hurt, C. &amp; Knowlton, N. (2009) Description of cryptic taxa within the Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 and A. hebes Kim and Abele, 1988 species complexes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 2153, 1 - 23." type="journal article">
Anker 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8925011EFF2BAFFE78" box="[1379,1436,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
. The 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921451D222FF5FD94" box="[295,454,512,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921451D222FF5FD94" box="[295,454,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group is similar to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922B81D222D5AFD94" box="[730,873,512,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsii">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922B81D222D5AFD94" box="[730,873,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. edwardsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the major chela having well-developed dorsal and ventral transverse grooves. However, in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922991D062DA5FDB0" box="[763,918,548,572]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922991D062DA5FDB0" box="[763,918,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the dorsal groove only slightly extends onto the mesial surface, not continuing proximally, whereas in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923F31D6A2A2CFDEC" box="[913,1055,584,608]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsii">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923F31D6A2A2CFDEC" box="[913,1055,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. edwardsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the dorsal groove extends largely onto the mesial face of the palm, continuing proximally. Within the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89238C1D4E2AB9FD08" box="[1006,1162,620,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89238C1D4E2AB9FD08" box="[1006,1162,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8924811D4E2BAFFD08" box="[1251,1436,620,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924811D4E2BAFFD08" box="[1251,1436,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8920F51DAD2EC0FD24" box="[151,243,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8920F51DAD2EC0FD24" bold="true" box="[151,243,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is morphologically closest only to a few species, viz. the Indo-West Pacific 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89240D1DB22BAFFD24" authority="Dana, 1852" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" box="[1135,1436,655,680]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89240D1DB22B3DFD24" box="[1135,1294,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF89257A1DB22BAFFD24" author="Dana" box="[1304,1436,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N. Vol. 13. Crustacea. (1855). C. Sherman, Philadelphia, 685 pp. [Part I] [plates. 1 - 96]" type="book chapter" year="1852">Dana, 1852</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(including 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921761D962C76FD40" authority="Coutiere, 1898" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1898" box="[276,581,692,717]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bastardi">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921761D962FA1FD40" box="[276,402,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. bastardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8921FE1D962C76FD40" author="Coutiere" box="[412,581,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1898) Note sur quelques formes nouvelles d'Alpheides voisines de A. Bouvieri A. M. - Edwards [Crust.]. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1898, 131 - 134." type="journal article" year="1898">Coutière, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8922851D972DC4FD41" author="Banner" box="[743,1015,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M. (1964) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean, IX. Collections from the Phoenix and Line Islands. Pacific Science, 18, 83 - 99." type="journal article" year="1964">Banner &amp; Banner 1964</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8924671D962A73FD40" author="Banner" box="[1029,1088,692,716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
, but see below), 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89256A1D962F72FD7C" authority="Coutiere, 1905" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1905" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hululensis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89256A1D962BAFFD40" box="[1288,1436,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. hululensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8920F51DF52F72FD7C" author="Coutiere" box="[151,321,727,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1905) Les Alpheidae. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. Being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900: University Press, Cambridge, pp. 852 - 921. [plates. 70 - 87]" type="journal article" year="1905">Coutière, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89212F1DFA2C59FD7C" authority="Banner, 1956" authorityName="Banner" authorityYear="1956" box="[333,618,727,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ladronis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89212F1DFA2FFAFD7C" box="[333,457,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. ladronis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8921B31DFA2C59FD7C" author="Banner" box="[465,618,727,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, A. H. (1956) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part I. Collections from the Mariana Archipelago. Pacific Science, 10, 318 - 373." type="journal article" year="1956">Banner, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and the western Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923F31DFA2AE0FD7C" authority="Anker, 2007" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2007" box="[913,1235,727,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923F31DFA2A08FD63" box="[913,1083,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
Anker, 2007
</taxonomicName>
. All other species of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8920BD1DDE2F49FC98" box="[223,378,764,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8920BD1DDE2F49FC98" box="[223,378,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF89219C1DDE2CF6FC98" author="Anker" box="[510,709,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Anker, A., Hurt, C. &amp; Knowlton, N. (2009) Description of cryptic taxa within the Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 and A. hebes Kim and Abele, 1988 species complexes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 2153, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="2009">
Anker 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922291DDF2CB7FC98" box="[587,644,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
) appear to be more distantly related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89241E1DDE2B07FC98" box="[1148,1332,764,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89241E1DDE2B07FC98" box="[1148,1332,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8925591DDE2BA6FC99" box="[1339,1429,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8925591DDE2BA6FC99" bold="true" box="[1339,1429,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, e.g., in the shape and proportions of the major and minor chelipeds, or armature and proportions of the third to fifth pereiopods.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D6552B208FF8220A51C4A2FF2FEE8" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="454" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A51C4A2C06FB2C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8920A51C4A2FF7FC0C" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[199,452,872,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8920A51C4A2FF7FC0C" box="[199,452,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8921AC1C452C19FC0C" box="[462,554,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921AC1C452C19FC0C" bold="true" box="[462,554,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89235F1C4A2DEFFC0C" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[829,988,872,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89235F1C4A2DEFFC0C" box="[829,988,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by numerous characters, including the distinctly longer second article of the antennular peduncle (three times as long as wide in the new species vs. less than twice in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921541C922FE7FC44" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[310,468,944,968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921541C922FE7FC44" box="[310,468,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the dactylus of the major chela with a noticeably shorter plunger; the male minor chela with a shallow ventral sinus and longer fingers, latter also with a different setation; and the presence of a stout spiniform seta on the ischium of the third and fourth pereiopods (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923961CDA2AA1FB9C" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[1012,1170,1016,1040]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923961CDA2AA1FB9C" box="[1012,1170,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8924B11CDA2EE0FBB8" author="Banner" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">Banner &amp; Banner 1982</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 77). In addition, the colour patterns of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922D51B3E2D5DFBB8" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[695,878,1052,1076]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922D51B3E2D5DFBB8" box="[695,878,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8923171B3E2DFDFBB9" box="[885,974,1052,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923171B3E2DFDFBB9" bold="true" box="[885,974,1052,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8924611B3E2AADFBB8" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[1027,1182,1052,1076]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924611B3E2AADFBB8" box="[1027,1182,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are quite different: the former species has diffuse pale orange transverse bands on each pleonite, orange chelae and yellow eggs (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB208FF8925561B1D2BABFBD4" box="[1332,1432,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,193,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[159,1412,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, Alpheus echiurophilus sp. nov. (A, B), its habitat (C) and echiuran host (D). A, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590), lateral view; B, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), same locality as holotype (CBM-ZC 12591), lateral view; C, type locality, sand flat at Ohmine, Naha, Okinawa Island, Japan, showing sampling with suction (yabby) pump; D, echiuran, Thalassematinae gen. sp., after extraction from burrow, on natural substrate, size not measured. Photographs by T. Komai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243956/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Figs. 7A</figureCitation>
, B, 8A, B, D), whereas the latter species has narrow green transverse bands on each pleonite, greenish chelae and green eggs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF89217C1BAA2C1BFB2C" author="Banner" box="[286,552,1160,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">Banner &amp; Banner 1982</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A51B8F2CB3FAFB" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8920A51B8F2FDAFB49" author="Banner" box="[199,489,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M. (1964) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean, IX. Collections from the Phoenix and Line Islands. Pacific Science, 18, 83 - 99." type="journal article" year="1964">Banner &amp; Banner (1964</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8921981B8E2C00FB48" author="Banner" box="[506,563,1196,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
) treated 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922C01B8E2D59FB48" ID-CoL="84LB5" authority="Bouvieri" authorityName="Bouvieri" box="[674,874,1196,1220]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922C01B8E2D59FB48" box="[674,874,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Alpheus Bouvieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923141B8F2AF1FB48" authority="Coutiere, 1898" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1898" box="[886,1218,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="variety" variety="bastardi">
var. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923CE1B8E2A3BFB48" box="[940,1032,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">bastardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8924771B8E2AF1FB48" author="Coutiere" box="[1045,1218,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1898) Note sur quelques formes nouvelles d'Alpheides voisines de A. Bouvieri A. M. - Edwards [Crust.]. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1898, 131 - 134." type="journal article" year="1898">Coutière, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8924971B8E2B4AFB48" ID-CoL="874HR" box="[1269,1401,1196,1220]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bastardi">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924971B8E2B4AFB48" box="[1269,1401,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. Bastardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8920F51BED2F0DFB64" author="Coutiere" box="[151,318,1231,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1905) Les Alpheidae. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. Being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900: University Press, Cambridge, pp. 852 - 921. [plates. 70 - 87]" type="journal article" year="1905">Coutière 1905</bibRefCitation>
) as a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922161BF22D26FB64" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[628,789,1232,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922161BF22D26FB64" box="[628,789,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Coutière (1899) described the colour of 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8925E61BF22ECBFA80" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
A. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8920F51BD72ECBFA80" ID-CoL="84W6X" box="[151,248,1269,1292]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouvieri">Bouvieri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89209D1BD72FA3FA80" box="[255,400,1268,1292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="variety" variety="bastardi">
var. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921531BD62FA3FA80" box="[305,400,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Bastardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B208FF8921B41BD62C00FA81" box="[470,563,1268,1293]" name="Djibouti" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
as uniformly orange-red, which strikingly differs from the description of the colour pattern of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921351A3A2FC0FABC" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[343,499,1304,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921351A3A2FC0FABC" box="[343,499,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8922741A3A2D1DFABC" author="Banner" box="[534,814,1304,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">Banner &amp; Banner (1982)</bibRefCitation>
, suggesting that 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89238B1A3A2A50FABC" ID-CoL="874HR" box="[1001,1123,1304,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bastardi">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89238B1A3A2A50FABC" box="[1001,1123,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. bastardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may well be a valid species (A. Anker, in study). In any case, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922791A1E2CE7FAD8" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[539,724,1340,1364]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922791A1E2CE7FAD8" box="[539,724,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8922BE1A1E2D04FAD9" box="[732,823,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922BE1A1E2D04FAD9" bold="true" box="[732,823,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89240C1A1E2AD9FAD8" ID-CoL="874HR" box="[1134,1258,1340,1364]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bastardi">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89240C1A1E2AD9FAD8" box="[1134,1258,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. bastardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
using the same morphological criteria as for 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8921BF1A422C4BFAF4" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[477,632,1376,1400]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921BF1A422C4BFAF4" box="[477,632,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A51AA62DD7F9A1" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
The new species differs from the poorly described 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923691AA62DADFA10" ID-CoL="85LJR" box="[779,926,1412,1436]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hululensis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923691AA62DADFA10" box="[779,926,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. hululensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the postrostral area with a much broader, posteriorly widening carina (vs. with a relatively sharp carina in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923EA1A8A2A2FFA4C" ID-CoL="85LJR" box="[904,1052,1448,1472]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hululensis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923EA1A8A2A2FFA4C" box="[904,1052,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. hululensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the stylocerite not reaching the distal margin of the first article of the antennular peduncle (vs. distinctly overreaching this margin in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8924991AEE2BB9FA68" ID-CoL="85LJR" box="[1275,1418,1484,1508]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hululensis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8924991AEE2BB9FA68" box="[1275,1418,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. hululensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and the ratio of the carpal articles in the second pereiopod (first article at least 1.5 times longer than second in the new species vs. only 1.1 times in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89226C19362CACF9A0" ID-CoL="85LJR" box="[526,671,1556,1580]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hululensis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89226C19362CACF9A0" box="[526,671,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. hululensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8922BE19362DB3F9A1" author="Coutiere" box="[732,896,1556,1581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Coutiere, H. (1905) Les Alpheidae. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. Being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900: University Press, Cambridge, pp. 852 - 921. [plates. 70 - 87]" type="journal article" year="1905">Coutière 1905</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 46).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A5191A2EF0F96C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8920A5191A2FF1F9DC" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[199,450,1592,1616]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8920A5191A2FF1F9DC" box="[199,450,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8921A819152C17F9DC" bold="true" box="[458,548,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF8921A819152C17F9DC" box="[458,548,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be most easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8923BD191A2A6FF9DC" ID-CoL="85LKB" box="[991,1116,1592,1616]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ladronis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8923BD191A2A6FF9DC" box="[991,1116,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. ladronis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the longer second article of the antennular peduncle (three times as long as wide in the new species vs. at most twice as long as wide in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8925E6197E2EC0F914" ID-CoL="85LKB" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ladronis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8925E6197E2EC0F914" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. ladronis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the male minor chela with dense setal rows on the fingers (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89247519A22AA0F914" ID-CoL="85LKB" box="[1047,1171,1664,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ladronis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89247519A22AA0F914" box="[1047,1171,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. ladronis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and the presence of a robust spiniform seta on the ischium of the third and fourth pereiopods (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89244019862AAFF930" ID-CoL="85LKB" box="[1058,1180,1700,1724]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ladronis">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89244019862AAFF930" box="[1058,1180,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. ladronis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B208FF8924BA19872B58F931" author="Banner" box="[1240,1387,1700,1725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" refString="Banner, A. H. (1956) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part I. Collections from the Mariana Archipelago. Pacific Science, 10, 318 - 373." type="journal article" year="1956">Banner 1956</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B208FF8920A519CE2C68F850" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
Finally, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89214419CE2FD0F888" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[294,483,1772,1796]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89214419CE2FD0F888" box="[294,483,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89218C19CE2C7FF889" bold="true" box="[494,588,1772,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B208FF89218C19CE2C7FF889" box="[494,588,1772,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89228F19CE2DA9F888" ID-CoL="85LR7" box="[749,922,1772,1796]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89228F19CE2DA9F888" box="[749,922,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a long postrostral carina (extending beyond carapace mid-length in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922F018322D72F8AB" ID-CoL="85LR7" box="[658,833,1808,1831]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922F018322D72F8AB" box="[658,833,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the longer distolateral tooth of the scacphocerite (reaching far beyond lamella in the new species vs. only slightly beyond in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89245B18162ADBF8C0" ID-CoL="85LR7" box="[1081,1256,1844,1868]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89245B18162ADBF8C0" box="[1081,1256,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the normally developed cornea (reduced to a lateral bean-shaped area in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF89232D187A2DCEF8E3" ID-CoL="85LR7" box="[847,1021,1880,1903]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF89232D187A2DCEF8E3" box="[847,1021,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the presence of setal rows on the fingers of the minor chela of adult males (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8922BD185E2DBBF818" ID-CoL="85LR7" box="[735,904,1916,1940]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8922BD185E2DBBF818" box="[735,904,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and the overall pale-orange colouration, with diffuse transverse bands on the abdomen, contrasting with a striking, diagnostic, red-and-white colour pattern of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB208FF8925E618822F12F850" ID-CoL="85LR7" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermani">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB208FF8925E618822F12F850" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">A. zimmermani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. Anker 2007: figs. 1–3).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF386651B209FF8820F518BB2C14F861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243953/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" targetBox="[285,1290,233,1897]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B209FF8820F518BB2C14F861" blockId="7.[151,1436,1945,2029]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB209FF8820F518BB2F21F822" bold="true" box="[151,274,1945,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB209FF88217B18BB2FCFF823" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[281,508,1945,1967]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB209FF88217B18BB2FCFF823" box="[281,508,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B209FF88226318B82C61F823" box="[513,594,1946,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB209FF88226318B82C61F823" bold="true" box="[513,594,1946,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM- ZC 12591). A, chela of right major cheliped, lateral view; B, same, mesial view; C, chela of left minor cheliped, lateral view; D, same, mesial view. Scale bar: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B206FF8720F5184E2AC9F852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243954/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" targetBox="[232,1356,203,1867]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B206FF8720F5184E2AC9F852" blockId="8.[151,1436,1900,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB206FF8720F5184E2F27F80E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1900,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB206FF87217F184E2C31F80E" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[285,514,1900,1922]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB206FF87217F184E2C31F80E" box="[285,514,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B206FF87226B184F2C6FF80E" box="[521,604,1901,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB206FF87226B184F2C6FF80E" bold="true" box="[521,604,1901,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, variation in armature of ventromesial margin of cheliped meri. A, B, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590); C, D, male (cl 7.8 mm), Sesoko Islet, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12592); E, F, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island (CBM-ZC 12591). A, C, E, major cheliped, mesial view; B, D, F, minor cheliped, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, B, E, F; 0.5 mm for C, D.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B207FF8620F518412FF9F859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243955/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="450" targetBox="[166,1423,204,1859]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B207FF8620F518412FF9F859" blockId="9.[151,1436,1891,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="450">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB207FF8620F518412F20F8F4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1891,1913]" pageId="9" pageNumber="450">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB207FF86217818412FCEF8F5" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[282,509,1891,1913]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB207FF86217818412FCEF8F5" box="[282,509,1891,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="450">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B207FF86226618412C67F8F4" box="[516,596,1891,1912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="450" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB207FF86226618412C67F8F4" bold="true" box="[516,596,1891,1912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="450">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590). A, left third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right second pereiopod, lateral view; C, left third pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral view; E, left fourth pereiopod, lateral view; F, left fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B, C, E, F; 1 mm for A, D.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B204FF8520F518762C3CF868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243956/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="451" targetBox="[159,1412,193,1837]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B204FF8520F518762C3CF868" blockId="10.[151,1436,1876,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="451">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB204FF8520F518762F27F8E5" bold="true" box="[151,276,1876,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="451">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
A, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB204FF85215918762C2CF8E6" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[315,543,1876,1898]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB204FF85215918762C2CF8E6" box="[315,543,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="451">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B204FF85224418762C4BF8E5" box="[550,632,1876,1897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="451" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB204FF85224418762C4BF8E5" bold="true" box="[550,632,1876,1897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="451">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A, B), its habitat (C) and echiuran host (D). A, holotype, male (cl 11.6 mm), Ohmine, Okinawa Island, Japan (CBM-ZC 12590), lateral view; B, paratype, ovigerous female (cl 10.1 mm), same locality as holotype (CBM-ZC 12591), lateral view; C, type locality, sand flat at Ohmine, Naha, Okinawa Island, Japan, showing sampling with suction (yabby) pump; D, echiuran, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB204FF85225F18922CD5F84A" box="[573,742,1968,1990]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="451" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thalassematinae">Thalassematinae</taxonomicName>
gen. sp., after extraction from burrow, on natural substrate, size not measured. Photographs by T. Komai.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B205FF8420F518652DEEF854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243957/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1838]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B205FF8420F518652DEEF854" blockId="11.[151,1436,1863,2008]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF8420F518652F20F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,275,1863,1885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB205FF84217918652FCDF8D1" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[283,510,1863,1885]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF84217918652FCDF8D1" box="[283,510,1863,1885]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B205FF84226718652C65F8D0" box="[517,598,1863,1884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF84226718652C65F8D0" bold="true" box="[517,598,1863,1884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A, B), 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB205FF8422CF18652D82F8D1" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[685,945,1863,1885]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF8422CF18652CCCF8D1" box="[685,767,1863,1885]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">Alpheus</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF84234518652D82F8D1" box="[807,945,1863,1885]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B205FF8423DB18652A39F8D0" box="[953,1034,1863,1884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF8423DB18652A39F8D0" bold="true" box="[953,1034,1863,1884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(D) and their echiuran hosts (C, E). A, male (cl 7.1 mm), Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam (OUMNH.ZC. 2014-01-0061), dorsal view; B, same, lateral view; C, echiuran, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB205FF8420F518A62F36F816" box="[151,261,1924,1946]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ikedosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" phylum="Echiura" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF8420F518A62F36F816" box="[151,261,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (CBM-ZW 1100), specimen after extraction from burrow; D, male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445), dorsal view; E, echiuran, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB205FF84224218812A6AF835" authority="Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952" authorityName="Stephen &amp; Robertson" authorityYear="1952" box="[544,1113,1955,1977]" class="Polychaeta" family="Echiuridae" genus="Ochetostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="452" phylum="Echiura" rank="species" species="zanzibarense">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB205FF84224218812D02F835" box="[544,817,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="452">Ochetostoma zanzibarense</emphasis>
Stephen &amp; Robertson, 1952
</taxonomicName>
(FLMNH UF 3716), specimen after extraction from burrow. Photographs by I. Marin (A–C) and A. Anker (D, E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF386651B202FF8320F51A6C2DCCFA2D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243958/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" targetBox="[158,1429,219,1312]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B202FF8320F51A6C2DCCFA2D" blockId="12.[151,1436,1358,1442]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8320F51A6C2F2BFAE8" bold="true" box="[151,280,1358,1380]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
A, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF83212B1A6C2C65FAE8" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[329,598,1358,1380]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83212B1A6C2FA8FAE8" box="[329,411,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Alpheus</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8321AE1A6C2C65FAE8" box="[460,598,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B202FF8322011A6D2C8AFAE8" box="[611,697,1359,1380]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8322011A6D2C8AFAE8" bold="true" box="[611,697,1359,1380]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445). A, ventromesial tooth on first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; B, chela of left major cheliped, lateral view; C, chela of right minor cheliped, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B; 1 mm for C; 0.5 mm for A.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B202FF8320A51AEB2A19F8C6" blockId="12.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8320A51AEB2FF7FA6D" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[199,452,1481,1505]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8320A51AEB2FF7FA6D" box="[199,452,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Alpheus echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B202FF8321AC1AEB2C18FA6E" box="[462,555,1481,1506]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8321AC1AEB2C18FA6E" bold="true" box="[462,555,1481,1506]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the first species of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF83233C1AE82DCFFA6D" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[862,1020,1481,1505]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83233C1AE82DCFFA6D" box="[862,1020,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group known to be associated with echiuran burrows. All other echiuran-associated species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8323231ACF2DA8F989" ID-CoL="84LB5" box="[833,923,1517,1541]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323231ACF2DA8F989" box="[833,923,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8324251ACC2BAFF98A" ID-CoL="85LFT" authority="Olivier, 1811" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1811" box="[1095,1436,1517,1542]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8324251ACC2ADAF989" box="[1095,1257,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. brevirostris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF8324991ACF2BA7F98A" author="Olivier" box="[1275,1428,1517,1542]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Olivier, A. G. (1811) Suite de l'introduction a l'histoire naturelle des insectes. Palemon. In: Olivier, A. G. (Ed.), Encyclopedie methodique. Histoire naturelle. Insectes. Vol. 8. H. Agasse, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, pp. 656 - 670." type="book" year="1811">Olivier, 1811</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
group, and within this group to the morphologically well-defined 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8323F719302AFCF9A6" ID-CoL="85LFG" authority="Coutiere, 1897" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1897" box="[917,1231,1553,1578]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323F719302A28F9A5" box="[917,1051,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. barbatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF83244719332AFCF9A6" author="Coutiere" box="[1061,1231,1553,1578]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Coutiere, H. (1897) Note sur quelques Alpheides nouveaux ou peu connus rapportes de Djibouti (Afrique orientale). Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 3, 233 - 236." type="journal article" year="1897">Coutière, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
species complex, presently containing five species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF83227B19172D78F9C2" author="Anker" box="[537,843,1589,1614]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Dworschak, P. C. (2004) A new species of Alpheus from the tropical eastern Atlantic (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105 (B), 47 - 58." type="journal article" year="2004">Anker &amp; Dworschak 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Anker 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323C719142DEDF9C1" box="[933,990,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">et al.</emphasis>
2007). Thus, symbiosis with echiurans evolved independently twice within 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF832254197B2CA3F9FD" ID-CoL="84LB5" box="[566,656,1625,1649]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF832254197B2CA3F9FD" box="[566,656,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, once in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF83234B19782DF4F9FD" ID-CoL="85LKP" box="[809,967,1625,1649]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leviusculus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83234B19782DF4F9FD" box="[809,967,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. leviusculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF83242019782ACEF9FD" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[1090,1277,1625,1649]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83242019782ACEF9FD" box="[1090,1277,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B202FF832567197B2B52F9FE" box="[1285,1377,1625,1650]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF832567197B2B52F9FE" bold="true" box="[1285,1377,1625,1650]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
) and once in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF832152195C2FEBF919" ID-CoL="85LFT" box="[304,472,1661,1685]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF832152195C2FEBF919" box="[304,472,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (in the common ancestor of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8323AB195C2A67F919" ID-CoL="85LFG" box="[969,1108,1661,1685]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323AB195C2A67F919" box="[969,1108,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. barbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex). Interestingly, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8325E6195C2F03F935" ID-CoL="85LH8" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8325E6195C2F03F935" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83215B19832FA7F936" bold="true" box="[313,404,1697,1722]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B202FF83215B19832FA7F936" box="[313,404,1697,1722]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents only one morphological feature that may be interpreted as convergent with some members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF83212D19E42FE0F951" ID-CoL="85LFG" box="[335,467,1733,1757]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF83212D19E42FE0F951" box="[335,467,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. barbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. This feature is the general shape of the minor chela, with elongated fingers bearing rows of numerous elongate setae, especially in males. In the 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8323F619C82A24F88D" ID-CoL="85LFG" box="[916,1047,1769,1793]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323F619C82A24F88D" box="[916,1047,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. barbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, the development of setal rows on the minor chela is variable, being minimal in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF832366182C2AFAF8AA" ID-CoL="85LNQ" authority="Anker &amp; Dworschak, 2004" authorityName="Anker &amp; Dworschak" authorityYear="2004" box="[772,1225,1805,1830]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribeiroae">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF832366182C2DBFF8A9" box="[772,908,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. ribeiroae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF8323F7182F2AFAF8AA" author="Anker" box="[917,1225,1805,1830]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Dworschak, P. C. (2004) A new species of Alpheus from the tropical eastern Atlantic (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105 (B), 47 - 58." type="journal article" year="2004">Anker &amp; Dworschak, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and extreme in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB202FF8325E6182C2EC8F8C5" ID-CoL="85LFG" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8325E6182C2EC8F8C5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">A. barbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF83216B18102C20F8C6" author="Banner" box="[265,531,1842,1866]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Banner, D. M. &amp; Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434" type="journal article" year="1982">Banner &amp; Banner 1982</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B28B202FF83227C18132D79F8C6" author="Anker" box="[542,842,1841,1866]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Dworschak, P. C. (2004) A new species of Alpheus from the tropical eastern Atlantic (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105 (B), 47 - 58." type="journal article" year="2004">Anker &amp; Dworschak 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Anker 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB202FF8323C018102DE9F8C5" box="[930,986,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">et al.</emphasis>
2007).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF836D9B202FF8220A518772FF2FEE8" blockId="12.[151,1437,1481,2010]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="454" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">
The male specimen from Nosy-Bé, 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B202FF8322E118772D39F8E2" box="[643,778,1877,1902]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(FLMNH UF 14445), differs from the Japanese and Vietnamese male specimens in several aspects, e.g., the ventromesial carina of the first article of the antennular peduncle having a blunt tooth (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB202FF83219118BF2C7EF83A" box="[499,589,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1358,1380]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,219,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1337]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. A, Alpheus cf. echiurophilus sp. nov., male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445). A, ventromesial tooth on first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; B, chela of left major cheliped, lateral view; C, chela of right minor cheliped, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B; 1 mm for C; 0.5 mm for A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243958/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
); the dactylus of the major cheliped being slightly longer (0.6 times as long as the palm vs. 0.5 times as long in the 
<typeStatus id="54FC887BB202FF83222D18E32C86F856" box="[591,693,1985,2010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="453" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB202FF8322A218E32D31F856" box="[704,770,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1358,1380]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,219,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1337]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. A, Alpheus cf. echiurophilus sp. nov., male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445). A, ventromesial tooth on first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; B, chela of left major cheliped, lateral view; C, chela of right minor cheliped, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B; 1 mm for C; 0.5 mm for A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243958/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="453">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B), and the minor cheliped with a distinct balaeniceps ridge on the mesial surface of the dactylus (
<figureCitation id="137C2A5CB203FF8222261FB52CBBFF3C" box="[580,648,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1358,1380]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,219,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1337]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. A, Alpheus cf. echiurophilus sp. nov., male (cl 7.9 mm), Nosy-Bé, Madagascar (FLMNH UF 14445). A, ventromesial tooth on first article of antennular peduncle, lateral view; B, chela of left major cheliped, lateral view; C, chela of right minor cheliped, lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm for B; 1 mm for C; 0.5 mm for A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243958/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C). In view of these differences and the presence of numerous species complexes in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB203FF8221D41F9E2C23FF58" ID-CoL="84LB5" box="[438,528,188,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8221D41F9E2C23FF58" box="[438,528,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as the significant geographical distance between 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B203FF8224A01F9E2B32FF59" box="[1218,1281,188,213]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Japan</collectingCountry>
/ 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B203FF82256B1F9E2B5BFF59" box="[1289,1384,188,213]" name="Vietnam" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3507649B203FF8220F51FFD2F13FF74" box="[151,288,223,248]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, the Nosy-Bé specimen is preliminarily referred to 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB203FF8223E41FC22A9DFF74" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[902,1198,223,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8223E41FC22DD3FF74" box="[902,992,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">Alpheus</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8224771FC22A9DFF74" box="[1045,1198,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057B0B203FF8224D81FFD2B2BFF74" box="[1210,1304,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="454" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8224D81FFD2B2BFF74" bold="true" box="[1210,1304,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Additional material from the southwestern Indian Ocean and/or a genetic comparison (e.g., barcoding segment of COI gene) between available materials of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB203FF8222621E0A2C88FECC" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[512,699,296,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8222621E0A2C88FECC" box="[512,699,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">A. echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D5AB203FF82229A1E0A2DE9FECC" ID-CoL="85LH8" box="[760,986,295,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echiurophilus">
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF82229A1E0A2D3AFEB3" box="[760,777,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">A</emphasis>
. cf. 
<emphasis id="B933EACBB203FF8223231E0A2DE9FECC" box="[833,986,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="454">echiurophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are needed to elucidate the taxonomic identity of the latter taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>