163 lines
20 KiB
XML
163 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="FEB45A3E98AE1783CFC97FC199CD44C8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186035" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8469ec5c-856b-4223-80d5-5dbe44ec5cd2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186035" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460049915467" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kammerer, Christian F. & Angielczyk, Kenneth D." docDate="2009" docId="03EE87A8961C0F1DDBAFFAE1FC48FF4B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02018p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2018" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Emydopidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFD7FFD0961B0F15DB38FFF3F90FFF93" masterDocTitle="A proposed higher taxonomy of anomodont therapsids" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698234516456" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A8BAD23EC79A9A5FDFF39AE080220CB8">
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<mods:title id="CF796DF4590CA212A01E67F43A01074E">A proposed higher taxonomy of anomodont therapsids</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="688ACE9AC36115BF2FF66A6B93BF476C">Kammerer, Christian F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="385AB918344F45FC58E86407955730CA">Angielczyk, Kenneth D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B929584EB83EA947F1C171852304903B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="057D301168152F0A61215EA7387BE1F7">
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<mods:date id="C7E9AD14B493DC19D63B4226B3AA8053">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7BC07E3977131C47D64B22408C49C30F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4ECA11DD52DFB5049A5D9A2FA72B9A07">2018</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EE87A8961C0F1DDBAFFAE1FC48FF4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222274" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124874308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222274" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE87A8961C0F1DDBAFFAE1FC48FF4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87A8961C0F1DDBAFFAE1FC48FF4B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C35D6535961C0F12DBAFFAE1FB61FA08" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF836BE961C0F12DBAFFAE1FA35FABF" blockId="7.[151,826,1298,1324]" box="[151,826,1298,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0B081D2961C0F12DBAFFAE1FA35FABF" bold="true" box="[151,826,1298,1324]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBAFFAE1FA35FABF" bold="true" box="[151,826,1298,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DBAFFAE1F83AFABF" box="[151,309,1298,1324]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emydopidae</taxonomicName>
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(van
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DA43FAE1FB2AFABF" author="Hoepen" box="[379,549,1298,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" refString="van Hoepen, E. C. N. (1934) Oor die indeling van die Dicynodontidae na aanleiding van nuew vorme. Paleontologiese Navorsing van die Nasionale Museum, 2, 67 - 101." type="journal article" year="1934">Hoepen, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D90DFAE1FA35FABF" author="Cluver" box="[565,826,1298,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Cluver, M. A. & King, G. M. (1983) A reassessment of the relationships of Permian Dicynodontia (Reptilia, Therapsida) and a new classification of dicynodonts. Annals of the South African Museum, 91, 195 - 273." type="journal article" year="1983">Cluver & King, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF836BE961C0F12DBAFFAA9FB61FA08" blockId="7.[151,1438,1370,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBAFFAA9F820FAE7" bold="true" box="[151,303,1370,1396]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Definition:</emphasis>
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All taxa more closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12D9DDFAA8FC48FAE7" authority="(Owen, 1876) Broom, 1913" authorityName="(Owen, 1876) Broom" authorityYear="1913" box="[741,1351,1370,1396]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctatus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D9DDFAA8FADFFAE7" box="[741,976,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops arctatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D8DAFAA9FD89FAE7" author="Owen" box="[994,1158,1370,1396]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Owen, R. (1876) Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the Collection of the British Museum. Taylor and Francis, London, 88 pp." type="book" year="1876">Owen, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DFA0FAA9FC48FAE7" author="Broom" box="[1176,1351,1370,1396]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Broom, R. (1913 a) On some new genera and species of dicynodont reptiles, with notes on a few others. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 32, 441 - 457." type="journal article" year="1913" yearSuffix="a">Broom, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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a, than
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DBAFFA72FB65FA08" authority="Owen, 1876" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,618,1409,1435]" class="Reptilia" family="Cistecephalidae" genus="Cistecephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microrhinus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBAFFA72F8DFFA09" box="[151,464,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cistecephalus microrhinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DAEFFA72FB65FA08" author="Owen" box="[471,618,1409,1435]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Owen, R. (1876) Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the Collection of the British Museum. Taylor and Francis, London, 88 pp." type="book" year="1876">Owen, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D6535961C0F1DDBFEFA54FC48FF4B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF836BE961C0F12DBFEFA54F8D6F910" blockId="7.[151,1438,1370,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBFEFA54F8E7FA52" bold="true" box="[198,488,1447,1473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Taxonomic comments:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DAC0FA5BFA17FA51" author="Cluver" box="[504,792,1448,1474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Cluver, M. A. & King, G. M. (1983) A reassessment of the relationships of Permian Dicynodontia (Reptilia, Therapsida) and a new classification of dicynodonts. Annals of the South African Museum, 91, 195 - 273." type="journal article" year="1983">Cluver & King (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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established the family-level taxa
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DFF5FA5BFC6EFA51" box="[1229,1377,1448,1474]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emydopidae</taxonomicName>
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and Emydopinae to contain
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DA89FA3CFBCBFA7B" authority="Broom, 1912" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1912" box="[433,708,1486,1512]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DA89FA3CFB12FA7B" box="[433,541,1487,1512]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D91DFA3DFBCBFA7B" author="Broom" box="[549,708,1486,1512]" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" refString="Broom, R. (1912 b) On some new fossil reptiles from the Permian and Triassic beds of South Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1912, 859 - 876." type="proceedings paper" year="1912" yearSuffix="b">Broom, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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b, despite the fact that van
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DF3AFA3DFDBBFA7B" author="Hoepen" box="[1026,1204,1486,1512]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" refString="van Hoepen, E. C. N. (1934) Oor die indeling van die Dicynodontidae na aanleiding van nuew vorme. Paleontologiese Navorsing van die Nasionale Museum, 2, 67 - 101." type="journal article" year="1934">Hoepen (1934)</bibRefCitation>
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had already named this taxon as the subfamily Emydopsinae [
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D9B3FA06FBA4F99D" box="[651,683,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sic</emphasis>
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]. Phylogenetic analyses of dicynodonts (
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DFA9FA06FD91F99D" box="[1169,1182,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">e</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DF9DFA06FDBCF99D" box="[1189,1203,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">g</emphasis>
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., Angielczyk 2007;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DBAFF9EFF849F9A5" author="Frobisch" box="[151,326,1564,1590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. (2007) The cranial anatomy of Kombuisia frerensis Hotton (Synapsida, Dicynodontia) and a new phylogeny of anomodont therapsids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 150, 117 - 144." type="journal article" year="2007">Fröbisch 2007</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DA6CF9EFFB64F9A5" author="Frobisch" box="[340,619,1564,1590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. & Reisz, R. R. (2008) A new species of Emydops (Synapsida, Anomodontia) and a discussion of dental variability and pathology in dicynodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 770 - 787." type="journal article" year="2008">Fröbisch & Reisz 2008</bibRefCitation>
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) consistently recover
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12D84CF9EFFAEEF9A6" box="[884,993,1564,1589]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D84CF9EFFAEEF9A6" box="[884,993,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as the sister-group to the other wellknown emydopoids (
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DAA7F9B0FB26F9CF" box="[415,553,1603,1628]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydopidae" genus="Myosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DAA7F9B0FB26F9CF" box="[415,553,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Myosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12D902F9B0FBA4F9CF" box="[570,683,1603,1628]" class="Reptilia" family="Kingoriidae" genus="Kingoria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D902F9B0FBA4F9CF" box="[570,683,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kingoria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and cistecephalids), so we restrict the external specifier to
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DBAFF99AF8DAF910" authority="Owen, 1876" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,469,1641,1667]" class="Reptilia" family="Cistecephalidae" genus="Cistecephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBAFF99AF834F911" box="[151,315,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cistecephalus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DA7BF99AF8DAF910" author="Owen" box="[323,469,1641,1667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Owen, R. (1876) Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the Collection of the British Museum. Taylor and Francis, London, 88 pp." type="book" year="1876">Owen, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF836BE961C0F1DDBFEF97CFC48FF4B" blockId="7.[151,1438,1370,2015]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,216]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DBFEF97CF8A3F93A" bold="true" box="[198,428,1679,1705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Revised diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Two autapomorphies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12D9F7F963FA6CF939" box="[719,867,1680,1706]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emydopidae</taxonomicName>
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are present in the data set of Angielczyk (2007): (1) lateral anterior palatal ridges present; (2) upper postcanine teeth located near lateral margin of the maxilla. One autapomorphy of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DAA7F92EFB3CF964" box="[415,563,1757,1783]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Therapsida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emydopidae</taxonomicName>
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is present in the data set of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D841F92EFD35F964" author="Frobisch" box="[889,1082,1757,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. (2007) The cranial anatomy of Kombuisia frerensis Hotton (Synapsida, Dicynodontia) and a new phylogeny of anomodont therapsids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 150, 117 - 144." type="journal article" year="2007">Fröbisch (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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: (1) maxillary non-caniniform teeth located near lateral margin of the maxilla. The addition of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12D8B2F8F7FD4CF88E" box="[906,1091,1796,1821]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oweni">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D8B2F8F7FD4CF88E" box="[906,1091,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops oweni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to the data set of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DE2FF8F7F821F8D7" author="Frobisch" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. & Reisz, R. R. (2008) A new species of Emydops (Synapsida, Anomodontia) and a discussion of dental variability and pathology in dicynodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 770 - 787." type="journal article" year="2008">Fröbisch & Reisz (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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renders the status of that character uncertain, because it could not be scored using the available specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DA01F8A2F890F8F9" box="[313,415,1873,1898]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oweni">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DA01F8A2F890F8F9" box="[313,415,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. oweni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, one emydopid autapomorphy does exist in the data set of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DFF6F8A2F9E5F801" author="Frobisch" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. & Reisz, R. R. (2008) A new species of Emydops (Synapsida, Anomodontia) and a discussion of dental variability and pathology in dicynodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 770 - 787." type="journal article" year="2008">Fröbisch & Reisz (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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: (1) squared-off profile of occiput in posterior view present. Recent diagnoses of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DFA5F88BFC07F802" box="[1181,1288,1912,1937]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DFA5F88BFC07F802" box="[1181,1288,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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itself can be found in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DA39F86DFBD8F82B" author="Keyser" box="[257,727,1950,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Keyser, A. W. (1993) A re-evaluation of the smaller Endothiodontidae. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of South Africa, 82, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keyser (1993; called
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DAC4F86CFB7EF82B" box="[508,625,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydoses</emphasis>
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therein)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D9DAF86DFAF1F82B" author="King" box="[738,1022,1950,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="King, G. M. & Rubidge, B. S, (1993) A taxonomic revision of small dicynodonts with postcanine teeth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 107, 131 - 154." type="journal article" year="1993">King & Rubidge (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DF32F86DFD9EF82B" author="Ray" box="[1034,1169,1950,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Ray, S. (2001) Small Permian dicynodonts from India. Paleontological Research, 5, 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="2001">Ray (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12DFF6F86DF9E3F84C" author="Frobisch" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" refString="Frobisch, J. & Reisz, R. R. (2008) A new species of Emydops (Synapsida, Anomodontia) and a discussion of dental variability and pathology in dicynodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 770 - 787." type="journal article" year="2008">Fröbisch & Reisz (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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, with additional information in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B4F961C0F12D941F836FAA2F84C" box="[633,941,1989,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" refString="Angielczyk, K. D., Frobisch, J. & Smith, R. M. H. (2005) On the stratigraphic range of the dicynodont taxon Emydops (Therapsida, Anomodontia) in the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Palaeontologia Africana, 41, 23 - 33." type="journal article">
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Angielczyk
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12D837F836FA41F84D" box="[783,846,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
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(2005)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. The jaw of
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D3D961C0F12DF71F836FDB6F84D" box="[1097,1209,1989,2014]" class="Reptilia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Emydops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933EAAC961C0F12DF71F836FDB6F84D" box="[1097,1209,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Emydops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the single most distinctive part of its skeleton, and is characterized by a shovel-shaped symphysis, weak posterior dentary sulci, a small number of medially located postcanine teeth, and a large, triangular lateral dentary shelf.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |