447 lines
67 KiB
XML
447 lines
67 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E370509192B86EC462E7CF43E59343AA">Pairing of sexual and asexual generations of Nearctic oak gallwasps, with new synonyms and new species names (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E987BFFF99CE2B4E9D5498AC96AFC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601723" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198576518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601723" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E987BFFF99CE2B4E9D5498AC96AFC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987BFFF99CE2B4E9D5498AC96AFC7" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="D0B781C5FF99CE2C4E9D5498AFAEABFA" bold="true" box="[151,968,1230,1257]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4E9D5498AE30ABFA" authority="(Bassett, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[151,598,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D5498ADF1ABFB" bold="true" box="[151,407,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
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(Bassett, 1881)
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, comb rev., sexual generation
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</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF99CE2C4E9D54A5AD54AA1E" box="[151,306,1266,1292]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 121–126" captionStart-1="FIGURES 127–131" captionStart-2="FIGURES 132–141" captionStart-3="FIGURES 142–146" captionStart-4="FIGURES 147–150" captionStartId-0="41.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionStartId-1="42.[151,264,1433,1457]" captionStartId-2="43.[151,264,1606,1630]" captionStartId-3="44.[151,264,1551,1575]" captionStartId-4="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1423,356,1879]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1412,192,1394]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1432,355,1570]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1417,422,1514]" captionTargetBox-4="[154,1437,789,1921]" captionTargetId-0="figure-93@41.[151,1436,340,1899]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@42.[151,1436,181,1409]" captionTargetId-2="figure-93@43.[151,1436,345,1583]" captionTargetId-3="figure-124@44.[151,1435,417,1528]" captionTargetId-4="figure-294@45.[151,1437,777,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="41" captionTargetPageId-1="42" captionTargetPageId-2="43" captionTargetPageId-3="44" captionTargetPageId-4="45" captionText-0="FIGURES 121–126. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), asexual generation, female. 121–124, head: 121, frontal view, 122, dorsal view, 123, posterior view, 124, lateral view. 125, antenna. 126, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 127–131. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), asexual generation, female. 127, mesosoma, lateral view. 128–129, mesosoma, dorsal view. 130, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 131, metasoma, lateral view." captionText-2="FIGURES 132–141. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), sexual generation. 132–135, head, female: 132, frontal view, 133, dorsal view, 134, posterior view, 135, lateral view. 136, antenna, female. 137–140, head, male: 137, frontal view, 138, dorsal view, 139, posterior view, 140, lateral view. 141, antenna, male." captionText-3="FIGURES 142–146. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), sexual generation, female. 142, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view. 143, mesosoma, lateral view. 144, mesosoma, dorsal view. 145, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 146, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view." captionText-4="FIGURES 147–150. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett). 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601872" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601874" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601878" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601880" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6601872/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6601874/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6601878/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6601880/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D54A5AD54AA1E" bold="true" box="[151,306,1266,1292]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 121–150</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF99CE2C4E9D5560AD23AA9E" blockId="40.[151,1437,1335,1482]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D5560AD69AA5D" bold="true" box="[151,271,1335,1359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Synonyms:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4F1F556FAEE9AA5D" authority="Bassett (1881 b: 111)" authorityName="Bassett" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1881" box="[277,655,1335,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosa">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4F1F556FADD3AA5D" box="[277,437,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cynips floccosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4FB6556FAEE9AA5D" author="Bassett, H. F." box="[444,655,1335,1359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref37394" refString="Bassett, H. F. (1881 b) New species of Cynipidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 13, 51 - 57 + 75 - 79 + 92 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1351 - 3" type="journal article" year="1881">Bassett (1881b: 111)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, asexual female, gall.
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4D65556FA822AA5D" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[879,1092,1335,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4D65556FA822AA5D" box="[879,1092,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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combination by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4AE5556FA9FFAA5D" author="Mayr, G." box="[1263,1433,1335,1360]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref40821" refString="Mayr, G. (1881) Die Genera der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Communal-Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke, Wien, 20, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1881">Mayr (1881: 37)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4ECD5500AE2CAA7C" box="[199,586,1366,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="verrucarum" variety="floccosus">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4ECD5500ADDEAA7C" box="[199,440,1367,1390]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus verrucarum</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4FE65501AE2CAA7C" box="[492,586,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">floccosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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combination by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4CF25501AFD0AA7C" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[760,950,1366,1390]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref40308" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1923) The gall wasp genus Neuroterus (Hymenoptera). Indiana University Studies, 10 (58), 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1923">Kinsey (1923: 70)</bibRefCitation>
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; combination of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4A6E5501A881AA7C" author="Mayr, G." box="[1124,1255,1366,1390]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref40821" refString="Mayr, G. (1881) Die Genera der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Communal-Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke, Wien, 20, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1881">Mayr (1881)</bibRefCitation>
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restored by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4B6D5501AD27AA9E" author="Weld, L. H." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref45012" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.) Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph No. 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld (1951: 621)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF99CE2C4E9D55C3A81DAADB" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF99CE2C4E9D55C3A875AAB9" blockId="40.[151,1437,1335,1482]" box="[151,1043,1427,1451]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB501187FF99CE2C4E9D55C3A875AAB9" box="[151,1043,1427,1451]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4E9D55C3AEC6AAB9" authority="Kinsey, 1923" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,672,1427,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="verrucarum" variety="pernotus">
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D55C3ADE1AAB9" box="[151,391,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus verrucarum</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4FB255C3AE77AAB9" box="[440,529,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">pernotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4C1D55C4AEC6AAB9" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[535,672,1427,1451]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref40308" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1923) The gall wasp genus Neuroterus (Hymenoptera). Indiana University Studies, 10 (58), 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1923">Kinsey, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Synonymized by
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE110B8FF99CE2C4D5055C4A869AAB9" author="Weld, L. H." box="[858,1039,1427,1451]" page="621" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1951">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4D5055C4A869AAB9" author="Weld, L. H." box="[858,1039,1427,1451]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref45012" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.) Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph No. 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld (1951: 621)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF99CE2C4E9D55E5A81DAADB" blockId="40.[151,1437,1335,1482]" box="[151,1147,1458,1482]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF99CE2C4E9D55E5ADAFAAD8" author="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G." box="[151,457,1458,1482]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="560 - 573" refId="ref41486" refString="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G. (1997) Descriptions of four new species of cynipid gall wasps of the genus Neuroterus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with redescriptions of some known species from the Eastern USA. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99 (3), 560 - 573." type="journal article" year="1997">Melika & Abrahamson (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4CD155E4AF30AAD8" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[731,854,1458,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4CD155E4AF30AAD8" box="[731,854,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4D9A55E4A813AAD8" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[912,1141,1459,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4D9A55E4A813AAD8" box="[912,1141,1459,1482]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF99CE2C4E9D55AFADE2A81C" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF99CE2C4E9D55AFADE2A81C" blockId="40.[151,1437,1528,2023]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D55AFADE1A900" bold="true" box="[151,391,1528,1554]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B283CF4FF99CE2C4F9955AFAEF0A96C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3878855313" collectingDate="2005-08-30" collectingDateMax="2006-07-13" collectingDateMin="2005-08-30" collectionCode="GPS, USNM, PHDNRL, RAM" collectorName="S. Digweed" country="Canada" elevation="10" latitude="49.85862" location="Nine" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25015" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Manitoba">
|
||
<location id="8E9F6072FF99CE2C4F9955AFADAFA900" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E987BFFF99CE2B4E9D5498AC96AFC7:8E9F6072FF99CE2C4F9955AFADAFA900" box="[403,457,1528,1554]" country="Canada" latitude="49.85862" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25015" name="Nine" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Manitoba">Nine</location>
|
||
asexual females labelled as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577639FF99CE2C4D2255AFAFE7A900" box="[808,897,1528,1554]" name="Canada" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF99CE2C4D9B55AFAF99A900" box="[913,1023,1528,1554]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Assiniboine Forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74506EFF99CE2C4AF255AFA9E2A901" box="[1272,1412,1528,1555]" degrees="49.85862" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="49.85862">49.85862°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74506EFF99CE2C4E9D564BAD40A925" box="[151,294,1564,1591]" degrees="97.25015" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-97.25015">97.25015°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE6CFF99CE2C4F3F564BAD0EA924" box="[309,360,1564,1590]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">GPS</collectionCode>
|
||
±
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B4CFF99CE2C4F88564BADD0A924" box="[386,438,1564,1590]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="006DD19AFF99CE2C4F88564BADD0A924" box="[386,438,1564,1590]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0">10m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5537FFF99CE2C4FCF564BAE28A924" box="[453,590,1564,1590]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. Digweed</collectorName>
|
||
, Collected
|
||
<date id="FFFE1069FF99CE2C4CD8564BAF3FA925" box="[722,857,1564,1591]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2005-08-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBAE981FF99CE2C4CD8564BAF3FA925" box="[722,857,1564,1591]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2005-08-30">2005.viii.30</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4D83564BA8BFA924" authority=", Reared" authorityName="Reared" box="[905,1241,1564,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4D83564BA81FA924" box="[905,1145,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Quercus macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
, Reared
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<date id="FFFE1069FF99CE2C4AEE564BA911A925" box="[1252,1399,1564,1591]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-05-15" valueMax="2006-05-25" valueMin="2006-05-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBAE981FF99CE2C4AEE564BA911A925" box="[1252,1399,1564,1591]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-05-15" valueMax="2006-05-25" valueMin="2006-05-15">15-25.v.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
ex gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4EFB5616AE31A948" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[241,599,1601,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4EFB5616AE31A948" box="[241,599,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
agamic gen.”, determined originally as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4A3D5616A9FAA948" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[1079,1436,1601,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4A3D5616A9FAA948" box="[1079,1436,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
asexual generation females by
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5537FFF99CE2C4C0C5633AEF0A96C" box="[518,662,1636,1662]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. Digweed.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B283CF4FF99CE2C4CAB5633ADE6A81C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3878855321" collectingDate="2005-08-30" collectingDateMax="2006-07-13" collectingDateMin="2005-08-30" collectionCode="GPS, USNM, PHDNRL, RAM" collectorName="S. Digweed" country="Canada" elevation="10" latitude="49.85862" location="Nine" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25015" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Manitoba">
|
||
Seven sexual females and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD20FF99CE2C4DD45633A85CA96C" box="[990,1082,1636,1662]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||
labelled as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577639FF99CE2C4AD35633A954A96C" box="[1241,1330,1636,1662]" name="Canada" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF99CE2C4B4B5633A9FEA96C" box="[1345,1432,1636,1662]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Edmonton, Northern Forest Centre,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74506EFF99CE2C4C3456DFAEAFA9B1" box="[574,713,1672,1699]" degrees="53.49165" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="53.49165">53.49165°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74506EFF99CE2C4CEB56DFAF18A9B1" box="[737,894,1672,1699]" degrees="113.54291" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-113.54291">113.54291°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE6CFF99CE2C4D8456DFAFA7A9B0" box="[910,961,1672,1698]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">GPS</collectionCode>
|
||
±
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B4CFF99CE2C4DD756DFA877A9B0" box="[989,1041,1672,1698]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="006DD19AFF99CE2C4DD756DFA877A9B0" box="[989,1041,1672,1698]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0">10m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, Reared
|
||
<date id="FFFE1069FF99CE2C4A7656DFA974A9B0" box="[1148,1298,1672,1698]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-07-04" valueMax="2006-07-13" valueMin="2006-07-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBAE981FF99CE2C4A7656DFA974A9B0" box="[1148,1298,1672,1698]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-07-04" valueMax="2006-07-13" valueMin="2006-07-04">4-13.vii.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
ex galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4E9D56FAAD9CA9D4" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,506,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4E9D56FAAD9CA9D4" box="[151,506,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD20FF99CE2C4C0E56FAAE7BA9D5" box="[516,541,1709,1735]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD20FF99CE2C4C1756FAAE48A9D5" box="[541,558,1709,1735]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4C5656FBAF8EA9D4" authority=", S. Digweed" authorityName="S. Digweed" box="[604,1000,1708,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4C5656FBAF2AA9D4" box="[604,844,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Quercus macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
, S. Digweed
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, determined originally as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4B1556FAAD15A9F8" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4B1556FAAD15A9F8" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neuroterus quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sexual generation females by
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5537FFF99CE2C4CD55687AF94A9F8" box="[735,1010,1744,1770]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. Digweed. Specimens</collectorName>
|
||
have been deposited at the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE6CFF99CE2C4B4E5687A9FEA9F8" box="[1348,1432,1744,1770]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE6CFF99CE2C4E9D56A2AD60A81D" box="[151,262,1781,1807]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">PHDNRL</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE6CFF99CE2C4F3756A3ADE6A81C" box="[317,384,1780,1806]" country="Isle of Man" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13908" name="Ramsey Public Library" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Herbarium">RAM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF99CE2D4ECD574FAEA9AE2F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF99CE2D4ECD574FAEA9AE2F" blockId="40.[151,1437,1528,2023]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1436,146,317]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4ECD574FAD24A820" bold="true" box="[199,322,1816,1842]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Asexual females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4C30574EAEAEA820" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[570,712,1816,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4C30574EAEAEA820" box="[570,712,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4A46574EA92BA820" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[1100,1357,1817,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4A46574EA839A820" box="[1100,1119,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4A7B574EA92BA820" box="[1137,1357,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4B89574EAC99A844" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4B89574EAC99A844" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual female the gena 0.5× as wide as the transverse diameter of eye in lateral view, diameter of antennal torulus 1.9× as long as distance between them, F1 as long as pedicel; the mesoscutellum trapezoid, the posterior half of which gradually narrows towards its posterior end; the metascutellum 3.0× as high as height of ventral impressed area; the prominent part of the ventral spine of hypopygium 2.0× as long as broad in ventral view, with short sparse setae ventrally. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF99CE2C4C24579AAF4DA8F4" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[558,811,1997,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF99CE2C4C24579AAF4DA8F4" box="[558,811,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the gena 1/3 the width of transverse diameter of eye in lateral view, diameter of antennal torulus slightly greater than distance between them, antenna F1 1.3× as long as pedicel; the mesoscutellum posteriorly rounded; the metascutellum as high as height of ventral impressed area; the prominent part of the ventral spine of hypopygium as long as broad in ventral view, without setae ventrally. Below the description of the asexual female is given according to current morpho-description requirements (the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF98CE2D4F345175AD88AE2F" author="Bassett, H. F." box="[318,494,290,317]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref37394" refString="Bassett, H. F. (1881 b) New species of Cynipidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 13, 51 - 57 + 75 - 79 + 92 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1351 - 3" type="journal article" year="1881">Bassett (1881b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is very superficial).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F6621FF98CE2D4E9D57D5A8CEA8AD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601872" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601872/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,264,1922,1946]" targetBox="[156,1423,356,1879]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF98CE2D4E9D57D5A8CEA8AD" blockId="41.[151,1436,1922,1983]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF98CE2D4E9D57D5AD0BA888" bold="true" box="[151,365,1922,1946]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURES 121–126.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF98CE2D4F7957D4AECDA889" authority="(Bassett)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[371,683,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF98CE2D4F7957D4AE2FA889" box="[371,585,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bassett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual generation, female. 121–124, head: 121, frontal view, 122, dorsal view, 123, posterior view, 124, lateral view. 125, antenna. 126, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F6621FF9BCE2E4E9D55CEA8D9AAC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601874" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601874/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,264,1433,1457]" targetBox="[165,1412,192,1394]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9BCE2E4E9D55CEA8D9AAC7" blockId="42.[151,1436,1433,1493]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9BCE2E4E9D55CEAD0BAAA3" bold="true" box="[151,365,1433,1457]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURES 127–131.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9BCE2E4F7955CDAECCAAA3" authority="(Bassett)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[371,682,1433,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9BCE2E4F7955CDAE2EAAA3" box="[371,584,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bassett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual generation, female. 127, mesosoma, lateral view. 128–129, mesosoma, dorsal view. 130, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 131, metasoma, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF9BCE2A4ECD5654A8C5AA8F" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9BCE2E4ECD5654AEA1A953" blockId="42.[151,1437,1539,2034]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9BCE2E4ECD5654AD3FA90F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1539,1565]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Asexual female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9BCE2E4C295654AEA5A90F" box="[547,707,1539,1565]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 121–126" captionStart-1="FIGURES 127–131" captionStartId-0="41.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionStartId-1="42.[151,264,1433,1457]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1423,356,1879]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1412,192,1394]" captionTargetId-0="figure-93@41.[151,1436,340,1899]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@42.[151,1436,181,1409]" captionTargetPageId-0="41" captionTargetPageId-1="42" captionText-0="FIGURES 121–126. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), asexual generation, female. 121–124, head: 121, frontal view, 122, dorsal view, 123, posterior view, 124, lateral view. 125, antenna. 126, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 127–131. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), asexual generation, female. 127, mesosoma, lateral view. 128–129, mesosoma, dorsal view. 130, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 131, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601872" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601874" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6601872/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6601874/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 121–131</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head, mesosoma, metasoma brown; antenna light brown; legs yellowish to white, with darker femora and tibiae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9BCE2F4ECD561CAD15AE53" blockId="42.[151,1437,1539,2034]" lastBlockId="43.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Head alutaceous, with a few setae on lower face, 1.2× as broad as high and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view, 1.9× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, 0.5× as wide as the transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, with distinct malar sulcus, eye 3.6× as high as height of malar space. Inner margins of eyes converge slightly ventrally. POL 2.0× as long as OOL; OOL 1.4× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and equal to LOL; all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance slightly longer than height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.9× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.5× as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face and median slightly elevated area alutaceous, with white setae, without striae. Clypeus quadrangular, as broad as high, alutaceous, with long setae along ventral edge; ventrally not emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit small, rounded, indistinct; epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line impressed, distinct. Frons and interocellar area alutaceous, without setae. Vertex, occiput, postocciput, postgena alutaceous; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen 1.5× shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which are widely spaced, diverge only slightly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge only slightly broader than high anteriorly. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres, flagellomeres half as wide as scape and pedicel, gradually broadening until F11; pedicel as long as scape, 1.5× as long as broad; F1 as long as pedicel, 1.2× as long as F2, F2 1.2× as long as F3, F3=F4, F5=F6, F7=F8=F9=F10, F11 slightly longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F2–F11.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F6621FF9ACE2F4E9D5611AEC9A9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601878/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,264,1606,1630]" targetBox="[158,1432,355,1570]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9ACE2F4E9D5611AEC9A9B5" blockId="43.[151,1436,1606,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9ACE2F4E9D5611AD08A94D" bold="true" box="[151,366,1606,1631]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURES 132–141.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9ACE2F4F7F5610AEC9A94D" authority="(Bassett)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[373,687,1607,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9ACE2F4F7F5610AE2DA94D" box="[373,587,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bassett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual generation. 132–135, head, female: 132, frontal view, 133, dorsal view, 134, posterior view, 135, lateral view. 136, antenna, female. 137–140, head, male: 137, frontal view, 138, dorsal view, 139, posterior view, 140, lateral view. 141, antenna, male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9ACE284ECD5682AF8AAE9B" blockId="43.[151,1437,1749,2027]" lastBlockId="44.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mesosoma slightly longer than high. Pronotum alutaceous, without setae in front view; alutaceous laterally; propleuron alutaceous. Mesoscutum uniformly alutaceous, without setae; slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus, anterior parallel line, median mesoscutal line and parapsidal line absent; circumscutellar carina present, narrow. Transscutal articulation absent, mesoscutum fused with mesoscutellum; as a result of fusion of the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, the boundary between these structures is not straight but slightly curved towards the mesoscutum; the mesoscutum is emarginate posterolaterally and slightly elevated above the dorsoaxillar area. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, longer than broad, posterior half gradually narrowing towards posterior end, uniformly smooth, glabrous, without setae, overhanging metanotum. Mesopleuron higher than broad in lateral view, smooth, glabrous; mesopleural triangle smooth, glabrous, with interrupted delicate striae, without setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, glabrous, without setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, at posterior end as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half its height, delimiting a narrow smooth area along mesopleuron; upper part of sulcus absent. Metascutellum smooth, 3.0x as high as height of narrow, smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae; propodeum smooth, glabrous; propodeum uniformly alutaceous, without carinae, striae or setae. Nucha short, smooth, without sulci. Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F6621FF9DCE284E9D5658ADC4A97D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601880/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,264,1551,1575]" targetBox="[166,1417,422,1514]" targetPageId="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9DCE284E9D5658ADC4A97D" blockId="44.[151,1437,1551,1647]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9DCE284E9D5658AD09A935" bold="true" box="[151,367,1551,1575]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURES 142–146.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9DCE284F7D5647AED4A935" authority="(Bassett)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[375,690,1551,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9DCE284F7D5647AE2BA935" box="[375,589,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bassett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual generation, female. 142, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view. 143, mesosoma, lateral view. 144, mesosoma, dorsal view. 145, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 146, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9DCE284ECD56CFA8DCA9E8" blockId="44.[151,1437,1688,2038]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Forewing longer than body, hyaline, margin with dense long cilia, veins brown, distinct, radial cell open, 5.0× as long as broad; R1 and Rs reaching wing margin, Rs reaching wing margin; areolet large, triangular, distinct, Rs+M brown, visible along 2/3 of its length, projection reaching basalis in the lower 1/3 of its height.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9DCE284ECD5752AE1EA8BC" blockId="44.[151,1437,1688,2038]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Metasoma slightly longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; all terga weakly sclerotized, thus limits of terga hardly visible. 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 1/3 of length of metasoma in dorsal view, without setae; all terga smooth, glabrous, without micropunctures.Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, 2.0× as long as broad in ventral view, with short sparse setae ventrally. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B4CFF9DCE284F9257C3AE79A8BD" box="[408,543,1940,1967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9DCE284ECD57EFAD3AA8E4" blockId="44.[151,1437,1688,2038]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Sexual female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9DCE284F7257EFAE70A8C0" box="[376,534,1976,2002]" captionStart="FIGURES 132–141" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,355,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-93@43.[151,1436,345,1583]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 132–141. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), sexual generation. 132–135, head, female: 132, frontal view, 133, dorsal view, 134, posterior view, 135, lateral view. 136, antenna, female. 137–140, head, male: 137, frontal view, 138, dorsal view, 139, posterior view, 140, lateral view. 141, antenna, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601878/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 132–136</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9DCE284C2957EFAEECA8C0" box="[547,650,1976,2002]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 142–146" captionStart-1="FIGURES 147–150" captionStartId-0="44.[151,264,1551,1575]" captionStartId-1="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1417,422,1514]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1437,789,1921]" captionTargetId-0="figure-124@44.[151,1435,417,1528]" captionTargetId-1="figure-294@45.[151,1437,777,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="44" captionTargetPageId-1="45" captionText-0="FIGURES 142–146. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), sexual generation, female. 142, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view. 143, mesosoma, lateral view. 144, mesosoma, dorsal view. 145, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 146, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 147–150. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett). 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601880" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6601880/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">142–147</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head, mesosoma, metasoma brown; mandibles, palpi, antenna, legs lighter than body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9CCE294ECD50C0AE5DADE3" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Head alutaceous, with sparse white setae, denser on lower face; slightly higher than broad and narrower than mesosoma in frontal view, slightly broader than long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, with deep malar sulcus; eye 3.7× as high as height of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 2.5× as long as OOL; OOL slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL; all ocelli elongate, ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance shorter than height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus longer than distance between them, distance between torulus and eye longer than diameter of torulus. Toruli located in upper 1/3 of face (lower face+frons) height. Lower face alutaceous, without striae, median area not elevated. Clypeus trapezoid, longer than broad, alutaceous, with a few setae scattered all around; ventrally rounded, not emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, distinct; epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line impressed, distinct.Frons and interocellar area alutaceous, without setae; area under frontal ocellus impressed, alutaceous. Vertex, occiput, postocciput, postgena alutaceous; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen less than 0.5× as long as height of smooth, matte postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge toward occipital foramen. Antenna as long as head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres, scape shorter than pedicel, scape+pedicel longer than F1, pedicel 2.0× as long as broad, F1 1.2× as long as F2, F2–F4 nearly equal in length; F5 shorter than F4; F5–F10 equal in length; F11 slightly longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F3–F11, absent on F1–F2.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F6621FF9CCE294E9D57CFAE52A8C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" targetBox="[154,1437,789,1921]" targetPageId="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9CCE294E9D57CFAE52A8C7" blockId="45.[151,1436,1944,2005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9CCE294E9D57CFAD16A8A2" bold="true" box="[151,368,1944,1968]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">FIGURES 147–150.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9CCE294F7D57CEAED2A8A3" authority="(Bassett)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[375,692,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9CCE294F7D57CEAE29A8A3" box="[375,591,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Neuroterus floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bassett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD50C0AE6DAC07" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mesosoma slightly higher than long in lateral view, without setae. Pronotum alutaceous, without striae laterally; propleuron alutaceous. Mesoscutum smooth, glabrous, as long as broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus, anterior parallel line, median mesoscutal line and parapsidal line absent; circumscutellar carina narrow but present. Transscutal articulation absent, mesoscutum fused with mesoscutellum; as a result of fusion of the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, the boundary between these structures is not straight but slightly curved towards the mesoscutum; the mesoscutum is emarginate posterolaterally and slightly elevated above the dorsoaxillar area. Mesoscutellum rounded, as long as broad (broadest part at mid height); posteriorly rounded, uniformly smooth, glabrous, with very few short scattered white setae, slightly overhanging metanotum. Mesoscutellar foveae absent, mesoscutellum with semilunar impression anteriorly. Mesopleuron and mesopleural triangle uniformly alutaceous, without setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas alutaceous, without setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, highest part at anterior end and gradually narrowing towards posterior end; most anterior end higher than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly below half its height, delimiting broad smooth area along mesopleuron; upper part of sulcus distinct, delimiting a narrow area along mesopleuron. Metascutellum smooth, 3.0x as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae; propodeum smooth, glabrous; central propodeal area alutaceous, with delicate longitudinal interrupted rugae; lateral propodeal carinae absent; lateral propodeal area smooth, glabrous, without setae. Nucha short, smooth, with strong longitudinal sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD5348AEF1AC93" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Forewing longer than body, hyaline, margin with dense long cilia, veins light brown, radial cell open, 3.5× as long as broad; R1 and Rs reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, distinct, Rs+M indistinct, projection reaching basalis in the lower 1/3 of its height.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD53DCAD7BAB24" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, 2.0× as high as long; all terga weakly sclerotized, thus limits of terga hardly visible. 2nd metasomal tergum extending to half the length of metasoma in dorsal view, without setae; all terga smooth, glabrous, without micropunctures. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, as long as broad in ventral view, with a few long setae ventrally. Body length 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B4CFF9FCE2A4B7053A0ACA5AB27" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD5468ADA3AA1F" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9FCE2A4F195468ADD5AB4B" box="[275,435,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 132–141" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,355,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-93@43.[151,1436,345,1583]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 132–141. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett), sexual generation. 132–135, head, female: 132, frontal view, 133, dorsal view, 134, posterior view, 135, lateral view. 136, antenna, female. 137–140, head, male: 137, frontal view, 138, dorsal view, 139, posterior view, 140, lateral view. 141, antenna, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601878/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 137–141</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9FCE2A4FCB5468AD89AB4B" box="[449,495,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 147–150" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[154,1437,789,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-294@45.[151,1437,777,1921]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 147–150. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett). 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">148</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to female but body light brown, mandibles, palpi, antenna, legs yellow. Antenna nearly as long as body, ocelli at least 2.0× bigger than in female; forewing longer than body, 2nd metasomal tergum in the form of a narrow long petiole; metasoma shorter than mesosoma. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, scape shorter than pedicel, scape+pedicel nearly as long as F1, pedicel 1.8× as long as broad, F1=F2, F2=F3=F4; F5 shorter than F4; F5=F6, F7–F10 equal in length; F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F1–F12. Body length 0.8–1.0 mm (n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD5541A8C5AA8F" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4ECD5541AD67AA22" bold="true" box="[199,257,1302,1328]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Gall.</emphasis>
|
||
Sexual generation minute (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B4CFF9FCE2A4CD35540AF75AA23" box="[729,787,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
|
||
long), ovoid, seed-like integral leaf galls, smooth and only covered with normal leaf pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9FCE2A4C44556CAED4AA47" box="[590,690,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 147–150" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[154,1437,789,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-294@45.[151,1437,777,1921]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 147–150. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett). 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
|
||
). Galls are visible and project slightly from both upper and lower leaf surfaces, and often but not always occur alongside major leaf veins. Galls appear reddish-brown from above and paler tan from below. Exit holes of adult insects generally occur on the underside of the leaf.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF9FCE2A4ECD55F1A869A98B" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD55F1A869A98B" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4ECD55F1AD41AAD2" bold="true" box="[199,295,1446,1472]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF9FCE2A4F5155F0AE6AAAD0" author="Bassett, H. F." box="[347,524,1447,1474]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref37394" refString="Bassett, H. F. (1881 b) New species of Cynipidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 13, 51 - 57 + 75 - 79 + 92 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1351 - 3" type="journal article" year="1881">Bassett (1881b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF9FCE2A4C1D55F0AF68AAD3" author="Beutenmueller, W." box="[535,782,1447,1473]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="117 - 136" refId="ref37745" refString="Beutenmueller, W. (1910) The North American species of Neuroterus and their galls. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 28, 117 - 136." type="journal article" year="1910">Beutenmueller (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF9FCE2A4D4C55F0AFB7AAD0" author="Weld, L. H." box="[838,977,1447,1474]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 131" refId="ref44914" refString="Weld, L. H. (1926) Field notes on gall-inhabiting cynipid wasps with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 68 (2611), 1 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.68 - 2611.1" type="journal article" year="1926">Weld (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the biology of the asexual generation. Asexual galls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A2CFF9FCE2A4F48559CADC5AAF7" box="[322,419,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 147–150" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[154,1437,789,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-294@45.[151,1437,777,1921]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 147–150. Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett). 147–148, sexual generation, metasoma, lateral view: 147, female, 148, male. 149, asexual gall. 150, sexual gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601882/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 149</figureCitation>
|
||
) have been recorded on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4D24559CAFC5AAF7" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2014" box="[814,931,1483,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4D24559CAFC5AAF7" box="[814,931,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Q. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4DD6559CA8F6AAF6" box="[988,1168,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4DD6559CA8EAAAF6" box="[988,1164,1483,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">Q. macrocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Galls become apparent in August as small depressions filled with loose, pale wool on the underside of new, terminal, long shoot leaves. Multiple galls often co-occur on a single leaf, which causes the leaf to curl, and galls tend to be found on stumps or damaged trees bearing vigorous, long late-season shoots. Adult females of the asexual generation emerge the spring following gall induction, from mid-April to late May. Galls of the sexual generation first appeared in late May on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4E9D5628AD27A98A" box="[151,321,1663,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4E9D5628AD27A98A" box="[151,321,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Q. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Edmonton, and adults emerged in late July and early August.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A6522FF9FCE2B4ECD56F5AC96AFC7" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD56F5A978A9F3" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4ECD56F5AD07A9AE" bold="true" box="[199,353,1698,1724]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577639FF9FCE2A4F6C56F4ADC4A9AF" box="[358,418,1699,1725]" name="United States of America" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF9FCE2A4FE256F4AE25A9AF" box="[488,579,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
west to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF9FCE2A4C9556F4AE88A9AF" box="[671,750,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Illinois</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF9FCE2A4CF656F4AFE4A9AF" author="Burks, B. D." box="[764,898,1699,1725]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref38142" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577639FF9FCE2A4D9F56F4AF8BA9AF" box="[917,1005,1699,1725]" name="Canada" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF9FCE2A4DFC56F4A82AA9AF" box="[1014,1100,1699,1725]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B58FF9FCE2A4A5056F4A886A9AF" author="Burks, B. D." box="[1114,1248,1699,1725]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref38142" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF9FCE2A4AF956F4A904A9AF" box="[1267,1378,1699,1725]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This species was only reared in sleeves in Edmonton,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F84BFF9FCE2A4CB05690AF77A9F3" box="[698,785,1735,1761]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and does not naturally occur on bur oak there.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2A4ECD56BCADA4A863" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4ECD56BCADAEA817" bold="true" box="[199,456,1771,1797]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Molecular taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
Alternating generations were matched using DNA data, with five individuals (three asexual females, two sexual females) sequenced for both cytb and ITS2. Two cytb haplotypes were found across the five individuals, differing by 0.23% (GenBank accessions
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4D2B5765AFC2A85F" box="[801,932,1842,1869]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM321641" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM321641</accessionNumber>
|
||
–
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4DB95765A851A85F" box="[947,1079,1842,1869]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM321645" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM321645</accessionNumber>
|
||
); ITS2 sequences were identical (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4E955700AD42A863" box="[159,292,1879,1905]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM331830" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM331830</accessionNumber>
|
||
–
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4F385700ADD0A863" box="[306,438,1879,1905]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM331834" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM331834</accessionNumber>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36A9FF9FCE2B4ECD572CAC96AFC7" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
The distinctiveness of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4FB0572CAE26A887" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[442,576,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floccosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4FB0572CAE26A887" box="[442,576,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">N.floccosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from its close relative
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4D3B572CA84DA886" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[817,1067,1915,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4D3B572CA84DA886" box="[817,1067,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">N.quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was confirmed with both cytb and ITS2 data (GenBank accessions
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4C0C57C9AEEEA8AB" box="[518,648,1950,1977]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM321650" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM321650</accessionNumber>
|
||
–
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4C9D57C9AF71A8AB" box="[663,791,1950,1977]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM321651" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM321651</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4D4457C8AFA9A8AB" box="[846,975,1951,1977]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM331839" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM331839</accessionNumber>
|
||
–
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9413AB4AFF9FCE2A4DD757C8A838A8AB" box="[989,1118,1951,1977]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM331840" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">OM331840</accessionNumber>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D2AFF9FCE2A4A8557C8A9EAA8AA" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1861" box="[1167,1420,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusverrucarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EABBFF9FCE2A4A8557C8A9EAA8AA" box="[1167,1420,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">N. quercusverrucarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). On average, cytb haplotypes differed between the two species by 5.20% (range 4.85–5.54%), while ITS2 sequences differed by 2.38% (with two indels). These values are consistent with those expected between distinct congeneric species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |