treatments-xml/data/03/CA/87/03CA87C4FFDFFFC915E1D366FADFFE68.xml

<document id="5FA940BF35DA42AB43908502A7428E22" ID-CLB-Dataset="39143" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4107.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab6db32e-2995-4620-b521-d5cbaddbceae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267748" ID-ZooBank="262D02B9-E5CF-429C-B0DF-D1BB42BDB604" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462342220123" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ahad, Sumaya &amp; Ahmad, Wasim" docDate="2016" docId="03CA87C4FFDFFFC915E1D366FADFFE68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4107.4.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4107 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis Ahad &amp; Ahmad, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="481" masterDocId="FFF3FFBCFFC5FFD71576D572FFA5FF9D" masterDocTitle="Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species" masterLastPageNumber="490" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="477" updateTime="1698662236910" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C66B1AED40C1C74F58D618F4EAB2D097">Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="43159B4FF5735957610E226836EBF275">Ahad, Sumaya</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03CA87C4FFDFFFC915E1D366FADFFE68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6082567" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120620882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6082567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87C4FFDFFFC915E1D366FADFFE68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA87C4FFDFFFC915E1D366FADFFE68" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<subSubSection id="C3796559FFDFFFCD15E1D366FEE1F9D2" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDFFFCD15E1D366FDE5F9B3" blockId="26.[151,576,1556,1615]" box="[151,576,1556,1582]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<heading id="D09481BEFFDFFFCD15E1D366FDE5F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,576,1556,1582]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDFFFCD15E1D366FDE5F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,576,1556,1582]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDFFFCD15E1D366FE53F9B3" box="[151,502,1556,1582]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDFFFCD15E1D366FE53F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,502,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFDFFFCD148BD366FDE5F9B3" box="[509,576,1556,1582]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDFFFCD15E1D344FEE1F9D2" blockId="26.[151,576,1556,1615]" box="[151,324,1590,1615]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
(
<figureCitation id="13582A57FFDFFFCD15E9D344FF5FF9D2" box="[159,250,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[416,1163,484,1503]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[414,1172,484,1509]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis sp. n. A. Entire female; B. Anterior region; C. Anterior end showing amphid; D. Pharyngeal region; E. Pharyngeal bulb; F. Female genital system; G. Female posterior region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267763/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="13582A57FFDFFFCD1468D344FE9EF9D2" box="[286,315,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1424,1446]" captionTargetBox="[344,1246,193,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[340,1247,193,1403]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 16. Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis sp. n. A. &amp; B. Anterior region; C. Anterior end showing amphid; D. Pharyngeal bulb; E. Pharyngo-intestinal junction; F. Female genital system; G. Vulval region; H. Female posterior region. (Scale bar A – C, E, G = 10 µm; D, F, H = 20 µm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267764/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796559FFDFFFCC15E1D30CFE2BF808" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDFFFCD15E1D30CFE45F90A" blockId="26.[151,1437,1662,2011]" box="[151,480,1662,1687]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDFFFCD15E1D30CFEEAF90A" bold="true" box="[151,335,1662,1687]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Measurements:</emphasis>
See 
<tableCitation id="C6E10369FFDFFFCD14F0D30CFE7EF90A" box="[390,475,1662,1687]" captionStart="Table 8" captionStartId="28.[364,442,232,260]" captionTargetBox="[349,1194,376,1732]" captionText="Table 8. Morphometrics of Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis sp. n. (All measurements in µm)" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Table 8</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDFFFCD15B1D3D0FEA2F8D6" blockId="26.[151,1437,1662,2011]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDFFFCD15B1D3D0FE65F926" bold="true" box="[199,448,1698,1723]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Description. Female:</emphasis>
Slender nematodes of small size, under 
<quantity id="4C9B9B37FFDFFFCD16F5D3D1FC61F927" box="[899,964,1699,1723]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long; body cylindrical, tapering gradually towards both extremities, slightly ventrally curved upon fixation. Cuticle with two distinct layers, 2 Μm thick at midbody and 2.5–3.0 Μm on tail. Outer cuticle thin, finely striated; inner layer thick with distinct radial refractive elements. Lateral chords occupying about 33–38% of the midbody diameter. Lateral, dorsal and ventral body pores indistinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDFFFCC15B1D224FDBAFE32" blockId="26.[151,1437,1662,2011]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,431]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Lip region cap-like, offset by slight constriction, 2.3–2.5 times as wide as high or less than one-third of the body diameter at neck base. Lip region truncate, lips amalgamated, with their inner part somewhat elevated; the submedian lips appear as two round bulges (fig 16A). Amphids cup-shaped with aperture located at the level of cephalic constriction and occupying about one-third of lip region diameter. Stoma a truncate cone. Odontostyle 1.0–1.1 times the lip region diameter long, with very narrow but distinct lumen and its aperture more than onefourth of the odontostyle length. Odontophore rod-like with faint basal knobs, 1.0–1.2 times the odontostyle length. Guiding ring simple, refractive, at 0.6 times lip region diameter from anterior end. Pharynx consists of a slender and weakly muscular anterior part, expanding abruptly into a cylindrical basal bulb, with thick-walled lumen, occupying about 38–45% of total neck length. Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices are located as follows: DO = 61–63, DN = 63–66, S1N1 = 76–80, S1N2 = 82–84, S2N = 95–96, S2O = 96–97. Nerve ring located at 38–44% of neck length from anterior end. Cardia rounded, conoid, somewhat less than one-third to one-half of the corresponding body diameter long.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1C665AFFDEFFCC15E1D088FBECF9B2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267763/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" targetBox="[416,1163,484,1503]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDEFFCC15E1D088FBECF9B2" blockId="27.[151,1436,1530,1583]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC15E1D088FD3CF98D" bold="true" box="[151,665,1530,1552]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
FIGURE 15. 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDEFFCC145ED088FDFDF98D" box="[296,600,1530,1552]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC145ED088FDFDF98D" bold="true" box="[296,600,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFDEFFCC1729D088FD3CF98D" box="[607,665,1530,1552]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. Entire female; B. Anterior region; C. Anterior end showing amphid; D. Pharyngeal region; E. Pharyngeal bulb; F. Female genital system; G. Female posterior region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDEFFCC15B1D32EFB14F8ED" blockId="27.[151,1437,1628,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
Genital system didelphic-amphidelphic. Ovaries reflexed, measuring 46–55 µm (anterior) and 37–58 µm (posterior) long, not reaching the oviduct-uterus junction; oocytes arranged in single row except near tip. Oviduct joining the ovary subterminally, measuring 54–70 µm (anterior) and 62–82 µm (posterior), its proximal and distal parts not differentiated. Oviduct-uterus junction marked by well developed sphincter. Uterus short and tubular, measuring 20–23 µm (anterior) and 19–20 µm (posterior). Vagina cylindrical; 
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC1155D39FFA9DF899" box="[1059,1336,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">pars proximalis vaginae</emphasis>
4–6 µm long, its wall encircled by muscles; 
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC175BD263FCBDF8B5" box="[557,792,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">pars distalis vaginae</emphasis>
short, with slightly curved walls; 
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC11ECD263FAE3F8B5" box="[1178,1350,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">pars refringens</emphasis>
absent. Vulva apparently a transverse slit. Prerectum 2.7–3.4 and rectum 0.7–1.1 anal body diameter long. Tail cylindrical, rounded-conoid, 1.1–1.3 times anal body diameter long, with a distinct terminal caudal pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDEFFCC15B1D20EFE2BF808" blockId="27.[151,1437,1628,2013]" box="[199,398,1916,1941]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC15B1D20EFEA8F808" bold="true" box="[199,269,1916,1941]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Male:</emphasis>
Not found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796559FFDEFFCB15B1D2D2FDB0F822" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDEFFCC15B1D2D2FD1AF840" blockId="27.[151,1437,1628,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC15B1D2D2FE52F824" bold="true" box="[199,503,1952,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
<typeStatus id="54D88870FFDEFFCC15B1D2D2FEA7F824" box="[199,258,1952,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Type</typeStatus>
habitat and locality.
</emphasis>
Soil around the roots of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDEFFCC164ED2D2FC31F824" box="[824,916,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDEFFCC164ED2D2FC31F824" box="[824,916,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. near the bank of Suru River, Bulbul Bagh, Kargil, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir state, 
<collectingCountry id="F3747642FFDEFFCC1708D2B6FD1EF840" box="[638,699,1988,2013]" name="India" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD9FFCB141AD59AFB16FE99" blockId="28.[364,1203,232,294]" box="[364,1203,232,260]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB141AD59AFB16FE99" bold="true" box="[364,1203,232,260]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
Table 8. Morphometrics of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD9FFCB1794D59AFBC6FE99" box="[738,1123,232,260]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB1794D59AFBC6FE99" bold="true" box="[738,1123,232,260]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFD9FFCB111DD59AFB16FE99" box="[1131,1203,232,260]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD9FFCB1703D47EFC0FFEBB" blockId="28.[364,1203,232,294]" box="[629,938,268,294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">(All measurements in µm)</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD9FFCB142BD40AFB29F959" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<table id="F963C472FFD90028142BD40AFB0FF959" box="[349,1194,376,1732]" colsContinueFrom="25.[353,1218,560,1963]" gridcols="3" gridrows="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD40AFB0FFE24" box="[349,1194,376,441]" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD40AFD6CFE24" box="[349,713,376,441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB142BD40AFE4CFE0F" bold="true" box="[349,489,376,402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Characters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76825DECFFD900281782D40AFCC3FE24" box="[756,870,376,441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB1782D40AFCF3FE24" bold="true" box="[756,870,376,441]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Holotype female</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D40AFB0FFE24" box="[935,1194,376,441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB16CAD40AFB30FE0F" bold="true" box="[956,1173,376,402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Paratype females</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD4A5FB0FFE6C" box="[349,1194,471,497]" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD4A5FD6CFE6C" box="[349,713,471,497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">n</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D4A5FB0FFE6C" box="[935,1194,471,497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD771FB0FFD80" box="[349,1194,515,541]" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD771FD6CFD80" box="[349,713,515,541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">L</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D771FCC3FD80" box="[756,870,515,541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">692</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D771FB0FFD80" box="[935,1194,515,541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">665±57.2 (567-733)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD75DFB0FFDD4" box="[349,1194,559,585]" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD75DFD6CFDD4" box="[349,713,559,585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Body diameter at neck base</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D75DFCC3FDD4" box="[756,870,559,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">20</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D75DFB0FFDD4" box="[935,1194,559,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">18.8±1.1 (18-21)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD729FB0FFDE8" box="[349,1194,603,629]" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD729FD6CFDE8" box="[349,713,603,629]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Body diameter at mid body</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D729FCC3FDE8" box="[756,870,603,629]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">21</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D729FB0FFDE8" box="[935,1194,603,629]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">19.6±1.0 (18-21)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD7F5FB0FFD3C" box="[349,1194,647,673]" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD7F5FD6CFD3C" box="[349,713,647,673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Body diameter at anus</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D7F5FCC3FD3C" box="[756,870,647,673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">15</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D7F5FB0FFD3C" box="[935,1194,647,673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">14.6±1.3 (13-17)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD7C1FB0FFD50" box="[349,1194,691,717]" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD7C1FD6CFD50" box="[349,713,691,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">a</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D7C1FCC3FD50" box="[756,870,691,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">32.9</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D7C1FB0FFD50" box="[935,1194,691,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">33.9±2.8 (28.3-35.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD792FB0FFD67" box="[349,1194,736,762]" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD792FD6CFD67" box="[349,713,736,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">b</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D792FCC3FD67" box="[756,870,736,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">4.0</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D792FB0FFD67" box="[935,1194,736,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">3.8±0.2 (3.5-4.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD67EFB0FFCBB" box="[349,1194,780,806]" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD67EFD6CFCBB" box="[349,713,780,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">c</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D67EFCC3FCBB" box="[756,870,780,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">40.7</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D67EFB0FFCBB" box="[935,1194,780,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">38.3±2.9 (35.4-42.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD64AFB0FFCCF" box="[349,1194,824,850]" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD64AFD6CFCCF" box="[349,713,824,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">c`</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D64AFCC3FCCF" box="[756,870,824,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">1.1</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D64AFB0FFCCF" box="[935,1194,824,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">1.1±0.1 (1.0-1.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD616FB0FFCE3" box="[349,1194,868,894]" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD616FD6CFCE3" box="[349,713,868,894]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">V</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D616FCC3FCE3" box="[756,870,868,894]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">61.4</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D616FB0FFCE3" box="[935,1194,868,894]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">60±1.3 (57.8-61.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD6E2FB0FFC36" box="[349,1194,912,939]" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD6E2FD6CFC36" box="[349,713,912,939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">G1</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D6E2FCC3FC36" box="[756,870,912,939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">12.7</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D6E2FB0FFC36" box="[935,1194,912,939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">12±1.2 (9.9-13.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD6CEFB0FFC4A" box="[349,1194,956,983]" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD6CEFD6CFC4A" box="[349,713,956,983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">G2</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D6CEFCC3FC4A" box="[756,870,956,983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">12.2</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D6CEFB0FFC4A" box="[935,1194,956,983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">13.9±0.4 (13.5-14.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD69AFB0FFB9F" box="[349,1194,1000,1026]" gridrow="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD69AFD6CFB9F" box="[349,713,1000,1026]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Lip region diameter</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D69AFCC3FB9F" box="[756,870,1000,1026]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">7.5</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D69AFB0FFB9F" box="[935,1194,1000,1026]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">7.3±0.2 (7-7.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD166FB0FFBB3" box="[349,1194,1044,1070]" gridrow="14" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD166FD6CFBB3" box="[349,713,1044,1070]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Lip region height</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D166FCC3FBB3" box="[756,870,1044,1070]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">3</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D166FB0FFBB3" box="[935,1194,1044,1070]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD132FB0FFBC7" box="[349,1194,1088,1114]" gridrow="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD132FD6CFBC7" box="[349,713,1088,1114]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Amphid aperture</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D132FCC3FBC7" box="[756,870,1088,1114]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">2</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D132FB0FFBC7" box="[935,1194,1088,1114]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">2.8±0.2 (2.5-3.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD11FFB0FFB1A" box="[349,1194,1133,1159]" gridrow="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD11FFD6CFB1A" box="[349,713,1133,1159]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Odontostyle length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D11FFCC3FB1A" box="[756,870,1133,1159]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">8</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D11FFB0FFB1A" box="[935,1194,1133,1159]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">7.8±0.4 (7-8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD1EBFB0FFB2E" box="[349,1194,1177,1203]" gridrow="17" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD1EBFD6CFB2E" box="[349,713,1177,1203]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Odontophore length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D1EBFCC3FB2E" box="[756,870,1177,1203]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">9</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D1EBFB0FFB2E" box="[935,1194,1177,1203]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">8.4±0.4 (8-9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD1B7FB0FFB42" box="[349,1194,1221,1247]" gridrow="18" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD1B7FD6CFB42" box="[349,713,1221,1247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Guiding ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D1B7FCC3FB42" box="[756,870,1221,1247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">5</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D1B7FB0FFB42" box="[935,1194,1221,1247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">5.0±0.3 (4.5-5.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD183FB0FFA96" box="[349,1194,1265,1291]" gridrow="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD183FD6CFA96" box="[349,713,1265,1291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Nerve ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D183FCC3FA96" box="[756,870,1265,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">69</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D183FB0FFA96" box="[935,1194,1265,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">68.2±4.4 (63-73)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD06FFB0FFAAA" box="[349,1194,1309,1335]" gridrow="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD06FFD6CFAAA" box="[349,713,1309,1335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Neck length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D06FFCC3FAAA" box="[756,870,1309,1335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">171</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D06FFB0FFAAA" box="[935,1194,1309,1335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">170.2±12.2 (157-186)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD03BFB0FFAFE" box="[349,1194,1353,1379]" gridrow="21" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD03BFD6CFAFE" box="[349,713,1353,1379]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Expanded part of Pharynx</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D03BFCC3FAFE" box="[756,870,1353,1379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">73</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D03BFB0FFAFE" box="[935,1194,1353,1379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">70.8±6.8 (60-79)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD007FB0FFA12" box="[349,1194,1397,1423]" gridrow="22" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD007FD6CFA12" box="[349,713,1397,1423]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Cardia length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D007FCC3FA12" box="[756,870,1397,1423]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">9</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D007FB0FFA12" box="[935,1194,1397,1423]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">7±0.7 (6-8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD0D0FB0FFA21" box="[349,1194,1442,1468]" gridrow="23" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD0D0FD6CFA21" box="[349,713,1442,1468]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Anterior genital branch</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D0D0FCC3FA21" box="[756,870,1442,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">88</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D0D0FB0FFA21" box="[935,1194,1442,1468]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">79.7±11.7 (64-92)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD0BCFB0FFA75" box="[349,1194,1486,1512]" gridrow="24" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD0BCFD6CFA75" box="[349,713,1486,1512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Posterior genital branch</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D0BCFCC3FA75" box="[756,870,1486,1512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">85</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D0BCFB0FFA75" box="[935,1194,1486,1512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">92.2±9.2 (80-103)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD088FB0FF989" box="[349,1194,1530,1556]" gridrow="25" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD088FD6CF989" box="[349,713,1530,1556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Vaginal depth</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D088FCC3F989" box="[756,870,1530,1556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">8</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D088FB0FF989" box="[935,1194,1530,1556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">8.4±0.4 (8-9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD354FB0FF9DD" box="[349,1194,1574,1600]" gridrow="26" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD354FD6CF9DD" box="[349,713,1574,1600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Vulva from anterior end</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D354FCC3F9DD" box="[756,870,1574,1600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">425</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D354FB0FF9DD" box="[935,1194,1574,1600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">400.2±39.6 (328-436)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD320FB0FF9F1" box="[349,1194,1618,1644]" gridrow="27" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD320FD6CF9F1" box="[349,713,1618,1644]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Prerectum length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D320FCC3F9F1" box="[756,870,1618,1644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">48</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D320FB0FF9F1" box="[935,1194,1618,1644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">43±2.3 (39-45)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD30CFB0FF905" box="[349,1194,1662,1688]" gridrow="28" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD30CFD6CF905" box="[349,713,1662,1688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Rectum length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D30CFCC3F905" box="[756,870,1662,1688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">16</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D30CFB0FF905" box="[935,1194,1662,1688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">13.4±2.0 (10-16)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35533490FFD90028142BD3D8FB0FF959" box="[349,1194,1706,1732]" gridrow="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<th id="76825DECFFD90028142BD3D8FD6CF959" box="[349,713,1706,1732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Tail length</th>
<td id="76825DECFFD900281782D3D8FCC3F959" box="[756,870,1706,1732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">17</td>
<td id="76825DECFFD9002816D1D3D8FB0FF959" box="[935,1194,1706,1732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">17.4±1.6 (15-19)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD9FFCB15B1D22CFDB0F822" blockId="28.[151,1436,1886,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB15B1D22CFE2CF8EA" bold="true" box="[199,393,1886,1911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<typeStatus id="54D88870FFD9FFCB15B1D22CFEA7F8EA" box="[199,258,1886,1911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Type</typeStatus>
specimens.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54D88870FFD9FFCB14E6D22CFE5DF8EA" box="[400,504,1886,1911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female on slide 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD9FFCB17C7D22CFC56F8EA" box="[689,1011,1886,1911]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB17C7D22CFC56F8EA" box="[689,1011,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFD9FFCB168CD22DFB93F8EB" box="[1018,1078,1887,1910]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ 1; 
<typeStatus id="54D88870FFD9FFCB111FD22DFB70F8EA" box="[1129,1237,1887,1911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
females on slides 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD9FFCB15E1D2F0FE7EF806" box="[151,475,1922,1947]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB15E1D2F0FE7EF806" box="[151,475,1922,1947]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFD9FFCB1492D2F1FD87F807" box="[484,546,1923,1946]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ 2–5; deposited with the nematode collection of the Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, 
<collectingCountry id="F3747642FFD9FFCB14A2D2D4FDB4F822" box="[468,529,1958,1983]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796559FFD9FFCB15B1D2B8FC6BF87E" box="[199,974,1994,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD9FFCB15B1D2B8FC6BF87E" blockId="28.[151,1436,1886,2019]" box="[199,974,1994,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD9FFCB15B1D2B8FEEBF87E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1994,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Etymology.</emphasis>
The new species is named after its 
<typeStatus id="54D88870FFD9FFCB17ADD2B9FCAEF87E" box="[731,779,1995,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">type</typeStatus>
locality, Ladakh.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1C665AFFD8FFCA15E1D0E2FE79FA7E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267764/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" targetBox="[344,1246,193,1402]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD8FFCA15E1D0E2FE79FA7E" blockId="29.[151,1436,1424,1507]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA15E1D0E2FD3EFA3B" bold="true" box="[151,667,1424,1446]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
FIGURE 16. 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA145ED0E2FDFCFA3B" box="[296,601,1424,1446]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA145ED0E2FDFCFA3B" bold="true" box="[296,601,1424,1446]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFD8FFCA1717D0E2FD3EFA3B" box="[609,667,1424,1446]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. &amp; B. Anterior region; C. Anterior end showing amphid; D. Pharyngeal bulb; E. Pharyngo-intestinal junction; F. Female genital system; G. Vulval region; H. Female posterior region. (Scale bar A–C, E, G = 10 µm; D, F, H = 20 µm)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3796559FFD8FFC915B1D362FADFFE68" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD8FFCA15B1D362FC75F941" blockId="29.[151,1436,1552,2009]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA15B1D362FDBFF9B4" bold="true" box="[199,538,1552,1577]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">Diagnosis and relationships.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA1755D362FCC2F9B4" box="[547,871,1552,1577]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ladakhiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA1755D362FCC2F9B4" box="[547,871,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">Tylencholaimus ladakhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457BBFFD8FFCA1607D362FC17F9B4" box="[881,946,1552,1577]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA1607D362FC17F9B4" bold="true" box="[881,946,1552,1577]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is characterized by having a small slender body (L = 
<quantity id="4C9B9B37FFD8FFCA1466D346FE13F9D1" box="[272,438,1588,1613]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" unit="mm" value="0.645" valueMax="0.73" valueMin="0.56">0.56–0.73 mm</quantity>
, 
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA14B5D347FE74F9D1" box="[451,465,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">a</emphasis>
ratio = 23–36); lip region truncate, set off by a slight constriction; the submedian lips appears as two round bulges; amphid aperture slit-like; odontostyle slender, 7–9 µm long, with comparatively narrow lumen; odontophore 8–9 µm long; pharynx with slender anterior part which expands abruptly into the cylindrical basal bulb, occupying about 38–45% of total neck length; female genital system didelphicamphidelphic and rounded-conoid tail, with distinct terminal caudal pore.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD8FFCA15B1D39BFC56F80C" blockId="29.[151,1436,1552,2009]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
In the nature of its pharyngeal expansion, amphidelphic gonad and tail shape, the new species comes close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA10F1D39BFD81F8B8" authority="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999" authorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" authorityYear="1999" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA10F1D39BFF4FF8B9" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">T. cosmos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B23FFD8FFCA1587D27EFD81F8B8" author="Dhanam" box="[241,548,1804,1829]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" refString="Dhanam, M. &amp; Jairajpuri, M. S. (1999) New leptonchid nematodes: One new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology, 9, 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA172AD27FFBEDF8B8" authority="Nasira, Erum &amp; Shahina, 2005" authorityName="Nasira, Erum &amp; Shahina" authorityYear="2005" box="[604,1096,1804,1829]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cynodonti">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA172AD27FFD40F8B8" box="[604,741,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">T. cynodonti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B23FFD8FFCA179BD27EFBEDF8B8" author="Nasira" box="[749,1096,1804,1829]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" refString="Nasira, K., Erum, I. &amp; Shahina, F. (2005) Description of Tylencholaimus cynodonti n. sp. with observation on four known species (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Nematology, 23, 189 - 202." type="journal article" year="2005">Nasira, Erum &amp; Shahina, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but differs from the former in its shape of lip region, comparatively slender odontostyle with narrow lumen (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA1177D243FBBDF8D5" box="[1025,1048,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">vs</emphasis>
comparatively robust odontostyle, with wider lumen); amphid aperture one-third of lip region diameter (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA16D9D227FC63F8F1" box="[943,966,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">vs</emphasis>
amphidial aperture almost pore-like) and also in the presence of terminal caudal pore (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA17F8D20BFD00F80D" box="[654,677,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">vs</emphasis>
terminal caudal pore absent).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFD8FFC915B1D2EFFE85FF49" blockId="29.[151,1436,1552,2009]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
From 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA147AD2EFFE32F828" box="[268,407,1948,1973]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cynodonti">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA147AD2EFFE32F828" box="[268,407,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">T. cynodonti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the new species differs because of its longer and slender odontostyle with narrow lumen, and the absence of characteristic circle of large cells around vagina which is present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFD8FFCA11EFD2B3FA83F844" box="[1177,1318,1984,2009]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cynodonti">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFD8FFCA11EFD2B3FA83F844" box="[1177,1318,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">T. cynodonti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species further differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDBFFC914A7D5EBFDFEFF2D" box="[465,603,151,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cynodonti">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC914A7D5EBFDFEFF2D" box="[465,603,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">T. cynodonti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having longer prerectum (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC916D3D5EBFC19FF2D" box="[933,956,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
21–32 µm) and the presence of a terminal caudal pore.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDBFFC915B1D592FD42FE30" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
On the basis of body size, pharyngeal expansion and amphidelphic gonad, the new species also comes close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDBFFC915E1D477FDB2FE80" authority="Loof &amp; Jairajpuri, 1968" authorityName="Loof &amp; Jairajpuri" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,535,260,285]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="savaryi">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC915E1D477FEA1FE81" box="[151,260,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">T. savaryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B23FFDBFFC9147DD476FDB2FE80" author="Loof" box="[267,535,260,285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" refString="Loof, P. A. A. &amp; Jairajpuri, M. S. (1968) Taxonomic studies on the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimoidea) with a key to the species. Nematologica, 14, 317 - 350. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529268 X 00011" type="journal article" year="1968">Loof &amp; Jairajpuri, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it differs from it in having lip region offset by a slight constriction (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC910F2D477FA3EFE81" box="[1412,1435,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
offset by a deep constriction); lips rounded and amalgamated (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC91604D45BFC2CFEDD" box="[882,905,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
lips moderately separated with the inner part elevated and protruding); odontostyle slender, 7–9 µm long, with comparatively narrow lumen (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC91181D43FFAABFEF9" box="[1271,1294,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
odontostyle relatively robust, 5–6 µm, with clear lumen and aperture); vaginal cells absent (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC91162D403FB8EFE15" box="[1044,1067,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
large cells present in the vaginal region), and tail rounded-conoid (
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC91767D4E7FD8DFE31" box="[529,552,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">vs</emphasis>
convex-conoid).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36D2FFDBFFC915B1D4CAFADFFE68" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
In all probability, the single specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D51FFDBFFC917D7D4C5FCF5FE4D" box="[673,848,439,464]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC917D7D4C5FCF5FE4D" box="[673,848,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B23FFDBFFC91685D4C5FB7BFE4D" box="[1011,1246,439,464]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" refString="Ahmad, W., Park, Y. P, Lee, J. K &amp; Choi, D. R. (2009) Some new and known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Korea. Journal of Natural History, 43, 2329 - 2356. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930903097681" type="journal article">
Ahmad 
<emphasis id="B917EAC0FFDBFFC91139D4CBFB26FE4D" box="[1103,1155,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">et al</emphasis>
. (2009)
</bibRefCitation>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F3747642FFDBFFC91050D4CAFAC8FE52" box="[1318,1389,440,463]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Korea</collectingCountry>
, for which no species name was given as the description was based on single specimen, belongs to this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>