658 lines
96 KiB
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658 lines
96 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="353EC82294DFCF7338299473F3B69033">Dead man’s fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E7D47171F99A79A6E650A45CCA3974F">Kessel, Gustav M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1B31D58AD47EBA25059E36AE31004569">Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FD521C3119C2EA1AE324A365A835317" type="email">gustav.kessel@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A793EFF61CD6917863D8E43AE93A601F">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="87EF3EA904E097DA9B8BCE678FCFEDA6">Bilewitch, Jaret P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="502C64C8DB1074030707F6EC30309202">National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7312E440376ED1C5151358575CD7C6E5" type="email">jaret.bilewitch@niwa.co.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="880E6701525A3586D85B58D7D49CEFD5">Schnabel, Kareen E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="646AE88E1C2DBDC7B4A86E726CAC2DE9">National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="21470C5D11217B4D17599F8B59196550">Norman, Jerry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="219BC1742D2661FB70B1887F43F13AA4">Ngāti Kurī, Tira Me Te Wā, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="44BAFA9A6C2390D7869B16B03CE80F8E" type="email">jerrynorman.rotary@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5CD0CC6315841BC1535D4F1356E28193">Potts, Romana Tekaharoa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="90D991627B3B1DA75DA63FA18694270F">Ngāti Kurī, Tira Me Te Wā, Aotearoa-New Zealand. & Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, Te Ringa Mauī / Ngāti Kurī / Te Ngaki, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BD455581CBF38AEA3EC0AAB81C152AFC" type="email">romana.potts@twoa.ac.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C0728F1C527FAB65EB62B709C16311A1">Gardner, Jonathan P. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D10E280A107FB1236D4D660D1D0B7149">Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AC625DAC9E7455CBF71757008883DE7B" type="email">jonathan.gardner@vuw.ac.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2353615A62102D3AAF0E66A1E5586D62">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EB22BCA3014FD1FF2D5A66660645BBC9">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C18705B5375C7BD3102667CD2BFA99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7094102" ID-GBIF-Taxon="200635684" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7094102" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:08A5B3CB-0D10-4203-BE1E-8011FC46D45D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18705B5375C7BD3102667CD2BFA99" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C67D3102667CC3FFEF0" box="[609,1054,303,329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D09F817FB5375C67D3102667CC3FFEF0" box="[609,1054,303,329]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5375C67D3102667CB47FEF0" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[609,870,303,329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D3102667CB47FEF0" bold="true" box="[609,870,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5375C67D21F2667CC3FFEF0" box="[878,1054,303,329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C67D0E3261BCB9FFE28" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D0E3261BCCCFFED7" blockId="12.[402,1262,303,402]" box="[402,1262,339,366]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D3B3263FCB9FFE28" blockId="12.[402,1262,303,402]" box="[706,958,375,402]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D3B3263FCB01FE28" box="[706,800,375,401]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[227,270,1738,1764]" captionTargetBox="[227,1437,338,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-138@8.[227,1437,338,1699]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Collection sites of specimens of Kotatea gen. nov. and Ushanaia gen. nov. Holotype collection sites are indicated by white symbols, paratypes and other material by black symbols. In the case of K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., the type collection site refers to that described by Quoy & Gaimard (1833). A. Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands. B. Far northern NZ, from Piwhane/Spirits Bay to the Poor Knights Islands. C. Northern NZ, from the Mokohinau Islands to East Cape. D. Central NZ, Cook Strait to Banks Peninsula. E. South-East NZ, Fiordland. Note that the holotypes of K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov. and K. teorowai gen. et sp. nov. share the same collection site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084448/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D25C263FCB72FE28" box="[813,851,375,401]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[227,270,1719,1745]" captionTargetBox="[301,1361,302,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-185@9.[301,1361,302,1693]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Polyps. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312). B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 75330). C. K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 3974). D. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101538). E. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., paratype, small polyp with coloured collaret and points (MAGNT C015221). F. K. lobata gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101313). G. K. niwa gen. et sp. nov., holotype (MAGNT C015226). H. K. raekura gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101537). I. Ushanaia ferruginea gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156313). J. U. fervens gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156311). K. U. solida gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 102133). L. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., in situ (uncollected specimen), Poor Knights Islands, photo by Ian Skipworth (ianskipworth.com). M. U. fervens gen. et sp. nov., in situ (uncollected specimen), Fiordland, photo by Shane Geange. Scale bars = ~1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084450/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D211263FCBAFFE2B" box="[864,910,375,402]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionStartId-1="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId-0="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId-1="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5–6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D2EB263FCB9FFE28" box="[922,958,375,401]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[228,271,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-104@15.[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov. B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., expanded and stalked specimens. Note NIWA 154046 and NIWA 142997 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084463/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">7A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C67D19226F1CDBEFD2B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D19226F1C97DFE6A" blockId="12.[227,348,441,467]" box="[227,348,441,467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D09F817FB5375C67D19226F1C97DFE6A" bold="true" box="[227,348,441,467]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D19226F1C97DFE6A" bold="true" box="[227,348,441,467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D19226A0CDBEFD2B" blockId="12.[227,1439,488,659]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Yellow-orange colonies with white polyps, branching lobes, usually growing on a sponge. Collaret and points colourless, composed of slender, warty spindles and thorny clubs. Tentacles contain irregular, warty, scale-like sclerites. Polyp neck contains tuberculate to warty spindles. Polyp mounds contain thorny clubs. Lobe surface contains similar clubs, as well as spiny spindle-like sclerites and radiates. Base surface contains radiates, clubs and spheroids. Lobe and base interior contains spindles and radiates.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C67D19225F3C968FCF4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D19225F3C94BFD6C" blockId="12.[227,362,699,725]" box="[227,362,699,725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D09F817FB5375C67D19225F3C94BFD6C" bold="true" box="[227,362,699,725]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D19225F3C94BFD6C" bold="true" box="[227,362,699,725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D19225A2C968FCF4" blockId="12.[227,1436,746,845]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The species name is a combination of the Latin ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D23225A3CBA5FCBD" box="[835,900,747,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">amici</emphasis>
|
||
’, meaning ‘friend’, and ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D5CF25A3CD3AFCBD" box="[1214,1307,747,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">spongia</emphasis>
|
||
’, meaning ‘sponge’, giving roughly ‘friend of the sponge’ and referring to the habit of specimens growing on sponges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C67D192243CCB35FA12" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D192243CC9F1FC37" blockId="12.[227,464,884,910]" box="[227,464,884,910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<heading id="D09F817FB5375C67D192243CC9F1FC37" bold="true" box="[227,464,884,910]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D192243CC9F1FC37" bold="true" box="[227,464,884,910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D06124ECCC68FBBF" blockId="12.[227,1436,932,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D06124ECCC68FBBF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203330" collectingDate="2009-07-13" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" elevation="141" latitude="-34.465" location="Great Exhibition Bay" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="173.2115" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 156312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D06124ECC9A3FC07" bold="true" box="[272,386,932,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B5375C67D06124ECC9A3FC07" box="[272,386,932,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7683B5375C67D1922480C996FC5B" box="[227,439,968,994]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">NEW ZEALAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ACF8F1B5375C67D0A22480CA6CFC5B" box="[467,589,968,994]" country="New Zealand" name="Northland" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Northland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB760C8B5375C67D32B2480CB7AFC5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C18705B5375C7BD3102667CD2BFA99:8EB760C8B5375C67D32B2480CB7AFC5B" box="[602,859,968,994]" country="New Zealand" latitude="-34.465" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="173.2115" name="Great Exhibition Bay" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Northland">Great Exhibition Bay</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D219248FCBCCFC5B" box="[872,1005,967,994]" degrees="34.4650" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-34.465">34.4650° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D28A248FCCB0FC5B" box="[1019,1169,967,994]" degrees="173.2115" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="173.2115">173.2115° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D5992480CD53FC5B" box="[1256,1394,968,994]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.405" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="140.5" valueMax="141.0" valueMin="140.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0045D120B5375C67D5992480CD53FC5B" box="[1256,1394,968,994]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.405" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="140.5" valueMax="141.0" valueMin="140.0">140–141 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD610D3B5375C67D40E2480C972FBBF" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF92E93BB5375C67D40E2480C972FBBF" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-13">13 Jul. 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; Oceans Survey 2020 exped.; stn TAN0906/134;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D2E624A4CC64FBBF" box="[919,1093,1003,1030]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 156312</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D0612366CC88FB0C" blockId="12.[227,1438,1070,1205]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D0612366CDB8FBD5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203339" collectingDate="2009-07-13" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" elevation="141" latitude="-34.465" location="Great Exhibition Bay" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="173.2115" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Northland" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0612366C9ACFBF1" bold="true" box="[272,397,1070,1096]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B5375C67D0612366C9ACFBF1" box="[272,397,1070,1096]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7683B5375C67D192231AC999FBD5" box="[227,440,1106,1132]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">NEW ZEALAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0B3231AC9EDFBD5" bold="true" box="[450,460,1106,1132]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">•</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD9AB5375C67D0A6231ACA48FBD5" box="[471,617,1106,1133]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(and several small fragments); same collection data as for holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D194233EC9A0FB28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203309" box="[229,385,1142,1169]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 56152" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D194233EC9A0FB28" box="[229,385,1142,1169]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 56152</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D0EF233ECC84FB0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203398" collectingDate="2009-07-06" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="102" latitude="-35.216" location="Brett" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="174.4033" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 154129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD9AB5375C67D0EF233ECA09FB29" box="[414,552,1142,1168]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ACF8F1B5375C67D344233ECA8EFB29" box="[565,687,1142,1168]" country="New Zealand" name="Northland" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Northland</collectingRegion>
|
||
, ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D3BD233ECB29FB29" box="[716,776,1142,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ACF8F1B5375C67D22F233ECBBBFB29" box="[862,922,1142,1168]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8EB760C8B5375C67D2D2233ECBC0FB29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C18705B5375C7BD3102667CD2BFA99:8EB760C8B5375C67D2D2233ECBC0FB29" box="[931,993,1142,1168]" latitude="-35.216" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="174.4033" name="Brett" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Northland">Brett</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D29F233ECC55FB29" box="[1006,1140,1142,1169]" degrees="35.2160" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-35.216">35.2160° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D5F2233ECD3BFB29" box="[1155,1306,1142,1168]" degrees="174.4033" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="174.4033">174.4033° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D403233EC911FB0D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="0.99" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="102.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="99.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0045D120B5375C67D403233EC911FB0D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="0.99" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="102.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="99.0">99– 105 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD610D3B5375C67D04D23D2C9E0FB0D" box="[316,449,1178,1204]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF92E93BB5375C67D04D23D2C9E0FB0D" box="[316,449,1178,1204]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-06">6 Jul. 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; Oceans Survey 2020 exped.; stn TAN0906/38;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D28623D2CC84FB0C" box="[1015,1189,1178,1205]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 154129</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D0612394CA26FB4F" blockId="12.[224,1436,1244,1451]" box="[272,519,1244,1270]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0612394CA26FB4F" bold="true" box="[272,519,1244,1270]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D1922249CB35FA12" blockId="12.[224,1436,1244,1451]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D1922249CDBDFAA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203385" box="[227,1436,1280,1307]" country="New Zealand" county="Great Exhibition Bay" latitude="-34.4398" location="Great Exhibition Bay" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="173.1297" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7683B5375C67D1922249C996FAA3" box="[227,439,1280,1307]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">NEW ZEALAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0A72248CBA6FAA3" bold="true" box="[470,903,1280,1306]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ACF8F1B5375C67D0A72248CA7BFAA3" box="[470,602,1280,1306]" country="New Zealand" name="Northland" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Northland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B64E9FB5375C67D3192248CB54FAA3" box="[616,885,1280,1306]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Great Exhibition Bay</collectingCounty>
|
||
•
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD9AB5375C67D2FE2248CC38FAA3" box="[911,1049,1280,1306]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D5542248CC8BFAA3" box="[1061,1194,1280,1306]" degrees="34.4398" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-34.4398">34.4398° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D5C62248CD6FFAA2" box="[1207,1358,1280,1307]" degrees="173.1297" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="173.1297">173.1297° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D192226CCCD5FA86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203348" box="[227,1268,1316,1343]" collectingDate="2009-07-15" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="113" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 57129" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D192226CC94BFA86" box="[227,362,1316,1343]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="112.5" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="110.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0045D120B5375C67D192226CC94BFA86" box="[227,362,1316,1343]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="112.5" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="110.0">110–115 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD610D3B5375C67D006226CCA2CFA87" box="[375,525,1316,1343]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF92E93BB5375C67D006226CCA2CFA87" box="[375,525,1316,1343]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-15">15 Jul. 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; Oceans Survey 2020 exped.; stn TAN0906/181;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D529226CCCD5FA86" box="[1112,1268,1316,1343]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 57129</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D47F226CC95AFA3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203391" collectingDate="2009-07-12" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="105" latitude="-34.5562" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="173.1562" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 55958" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD9AB5375C67D47F226CCDB9FA87" box="[1294,1432,1316,1342]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D1952200C944FADB" box="[228,357,1352,1379]" degrees="34.5562" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-34.5562">34.5562° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D01E2200CA23FADA" box="[367,514,1352,1379]" degrees="173.1562" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="173.1562">173.1562° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D3232200CAF6FADA" box="[594,727,1352,1379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="105.5" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="105.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0045D120B5375C67D3232200CAF6FADA" box="[594,727,1352,1379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="105.5" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="105.0">105–106 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD610D3B5375C67D3902200CB4EFADB" box="[737,879,1352,1378]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF92E93BB5375C67D3902200CB4EFADB" box="[737,879,1352,1378]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-12">12 Jul. 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; Oceans Survey 2020 exped.; stn TAN0906/126;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D1912224C95AFA3E" box="[224,379,1388,1415]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 55958</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B003C4EB5375C67D0E42224CB30FA12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3909203314" collectingDate="2009-07-13" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="140" latitude="-34.557" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="173.28532" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NIWA 154046" specimenCount="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD9AB5375C67D0E42224CA08FA3F" box="[405,553,1388,1414]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D3452224CA96FA3F" box="[564,695,1388,1415]" degrees="34.5570" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-34.557">34.5570° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C50D4B5375C67D3B52224CB49FA3E" box="[708,872,1388,1415]" degrees="173.28533" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="173.28532">173.28533° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D2CA2224CC62FA3E" box="[955,1091,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.39" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="140.0" valueMax="141.0" valueMin="139.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0045D120B5375C67D2CA2224CC62FA3E" box="[955,1091,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.39" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="140.0" valueMax="141.0" valueMin="139.0">139–141 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD610D3B5375C67D53F2224CCC0FA3F" box="[1102,1249,1388,1414]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF92E93BB5375C67D53F2224CCC0FA3F" box="[1102,1249,1388,1414]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2009-07-13">13 Jul. 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; Oceans Survey 2020 exped.; stn TAN0906/132;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCE9E68B5375C67D31322D8CB30FA12" box="[610,785,1424,1451]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 154046</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3726598B5375C7BD192229ACA7CFBB9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D192229ACA8FFA54" blockId="12.[227,686,1490,1517]" box="[227,686,1490,1517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D192229AC955FA55" bold="true" box="[227,372,1490,1516]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B5375C67D0F2229AC9CFFA55" box="[387,494,1490,1516]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, NIWA 156312)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D0612149C98EF9A2" blockId="12.[226,1437,1537,1780]" box="[272,431,1537,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0612149C98EF9A2" bold="true" box="[272,431,1537,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colony form</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D192216ECB99F94D" blockId="12.[226,1437,1537,1780]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B5375C67D069216EC95EF9F9" box="[280,383,1574,1600]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is yellow-orange (ethanol-preserved), attached to a sponge fragment, and measures
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D413216ECDBDF9F9" box="[1378,1436,1574,1600]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall by
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D04F2102C95DF9DD" box="[318,380,1610,1636]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D0A42102CA19F9DD" box="[469,568,1610,1636]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[228,271,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-104@15.[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov. B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., expanded and stalked specimens. Note NIWA 154046 and NIWA 142997 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084463/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three primary lobes emerge from a basal stalk, which is ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D4542102CD5BF9DD" box="[1317,1402,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in height, and these each divide into several small lobules. The base of the colony forms a short membrane which partially encrusts the sponge substrate. Polyps grow all over the surface of the colony but are concentrated towards lobe tips and are rare on the basal membrane. Polyps are white,
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D59121FECD4EF969" box="[1248,1391,1718,1745]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall when expanded, with colourless collaret and points (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D23D2192CB8AF94D" box="[844,939,1754,1780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[227,270,1719,1745]" captionTargetBox="[301,1361,302,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-185@9.[301,1361,302,1693]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Polyps. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312). B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 75330). C. K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 3974). D. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101538). E. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., paratype, small polyp with coloured collaret and points (MAGNT C015221). F. K. lobata gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101313). G. K. niwa gen. et sp. nov., holotype (MAGNT C015226). H. K. raekura gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101537). I. Ushanaia ferruginea gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156313). J. U. fervens gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156311). K. U. solida gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 102133). L. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., in situ (uncollected specimen), Poor Knights Islands, photo by Ian Skipworth (ianskipworth.com). M. U. fervens gen. et sp. nov., in situ (uncollected specimen), Fiordland, photo by Shane Geange. Scale bars = ~1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084450/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C67D0612054C95BF88F" blockId="12.[227,1438,1820,2063]" box="[272,378,1820,1846]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5375C67D0612054C95BF88F" bold="true" box="[272,378,1820,1846]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sclerites</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5375C65D1922008CB37FDAC" blockId="12.[227,1438,1820,2063]" lastBlockId="14.[227,1437,303,533]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Points are composed of slender, warty spindles (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D2532008CBF1F8E2" box="[802,976,1856,1883]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3000000000000003" metricValueMax="2.8000000000000003" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.23" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) and thorny clubs distally (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D4262008C970F8C6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.12">0.12– 0.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D0C0202CCA18F8C6" box="[433,569,1892,1919]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proximally, the spindles become larger and more crescentic (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D426202CC96FF81A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.12">0.12– 0.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), transitioning into a transverse orientation and merging with the collaret, which is six to ten rows deep (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D0CC20E4CA00F87E" box="[445,545,1964,1991]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D35E20E4CA74F87F" box="[559,597,1964,1990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tentacles contain irregular warty, scale-like forms, often slightly to distinctly crescentic (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D37E2098CA9FF852" box="[527,702,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.22 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D2672098CB55F852" box="[790,884,2000,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyp neck contains some tuberculate to warty spindles (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5375C67D0DE20BCCA7FF7B6" box="[431,606,2036,2063]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.11499999999999999" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5375C67D3C720BCCB37F7B6" box="[694,790,2036,2063]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyp mounds and the lobe surface both contain clubs with thorny and leaf-like processes (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D3AE2667CBACFEF0" box="[735,909,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and up to ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D5232667CC9AFEF0" box="[1106,1211,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D4642667CDAEFEF3" box="[1301,1423,303,330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the latter also contains some spiny spindle-like forms and radiates (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D5102619CD32FED2" box="[1121,1299,337,363]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long). The surface of the base contains various radiates as well as some clubs and spheroids (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D59B263BCDBDFE34" box="[1258,1436,371,397]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D04026DDC9B0FE16" box="[305,401,405,431]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interior of the lobes contains slender spindles (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D57F26DDCCBFFE16" box="[1038,1182,405,431]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) with branching processes and/or complex tubercles, as well as radiates (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D2F926FFCC09FE68" box="[904,1064,439,466]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.075" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.05">0.05–0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D50C26FFCCFDFE6B" box="[1149,1244,439,466]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interior of the base contains similar sclerites, but the spindles tend to be smaller (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D5352691CCD5FE4A" box="[1092,1268,473,499]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.11" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) and the radiates larger (~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5355C65D0D826B3CA76FDAC" box="[425,599,507,533]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D3DD26B3CB29FDAC" box="[684,776,507,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17669BB5365C66D19420FAC965F7AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" targetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5365C66D19420FAC965F7AB" blockId="13.[229,1439,1970,2066]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D19420FAC912F875" bold="true" box="[229,307,1970,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5365C66D04B20FBCA1CF875" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[314,573,1971,1996]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D04B20FBCA1CF875" box="[314,573,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5365C66D33420FBCAD9F874" box="[581,760,1971,1997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D46C20FACD13F875" bold="true" box="[1309,1330,1970,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Collaret and points.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D002209EC9A4F849" bold="true" box="[371,389,2006,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal points.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D34F209DCA70F856" bold="true" box="[574,593,2005,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Tentacles.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D390209ECAD4F849" bold="true" box="[737,757,2006,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Polyp neck.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D2EC209ECB8EF849" bold="true" box="[925,943,2006,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Polyp mound.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D501209ECCA1F849" bold="true" box="[1136,1152,2006,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Lobe surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5365C66D44C209DCD73F856" bold="true" box="[1341,1362,2005,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Lobe interior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5355C65D1922573C948FDEC" blockId="14.[227,361,571,597]" box="[227,361,571,597]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<heading id="D09F817FB5355C65D1922573C948FDEC" bold="true" box="[227,361,571,597]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D1922573C948FDEC" bold="true" box="[227,361,571,597]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Variability</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5355C65D1922520C9CDFD50" blockId="14.[227,1439,616,745]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
All specimens are very similar, both in colony form and sclerite composition, varying only slightly in colour (note that all specimens are ethanol-preserved), colony size, the extent of the basal membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D19F25E4C915FD7F" box="[238,308,684,710]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[228,271,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-104@15.[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov. B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., expanded and stalked specimens. Note NIWA 154046 and NIWA 142997 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084463/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and in sclerite size ranges, although the latter fell within the ranges described for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B5355C65D44925E4CDBEFD7F" box="[1336,1439,684,710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in all cases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5355C65D0052586C9C1FD50" box="[372,480,718,745]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionStartId-1="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId-0="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId-1="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5355C65D1922446C9A8FC91" blockId="14.[227,393,782,808]" box="[227,393,782,808]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<heading id="D09F817FB5355C65D1922446C9A8FC91" bold="true" box="[227,393,782,808]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D1922446C9A8FC91" bold="true" box="[227,393,782,808]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5355C65D1922474CAC3FC66" blockId="14.[226,1436,828,992]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
In growth form and sclerite morphology,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D3CB2475CB58FCEF" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[698,889,829,854]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D3CB2475CB58FCEF" box="[698,889,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D2F12474CC0AFCEF" box="[896,1067,828,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D5882475CDBAFCEF" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1273,1435,829,854]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D5882475CDBAFCEF" box="[1273,1435,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D1922416C997FCC1" box="[227,438,862,888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D09A2417CA52FCC1" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[491,627,863,888]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teorowai" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D09A2417CA52FCC1" box="[491,627,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. teorowai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D30A2416CB0BFCC1" box="[635,810,862,888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and to a lesser extent resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D5D72417CD69FCC1" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1190,1352,862,888]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kapotaiora" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D5D72417CD69FCC1" box="[1190,1352,862,888]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. kapotaiora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D43E2416C961FC23" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D0F124C9CA23FC23" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[384,514,896,922]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="raekura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D0F124C9CA23FC23" box="[384,514,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. raekura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in growth form only).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D25824C9CC0EFC23" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[809,1071,897,922]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D25824C9CC0EFC23" box="[809,1071,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D19224EBC973FC05" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[227,338,930,956]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D19224EBC973FC05" box="[227,338,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. lobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D02A24EACA33FC05" box="[347,530,930,956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D35024EBCB3FFC05" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[545,798,930,956]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kurakootingotingo" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D35024EBCB3FFC05" box="[545,798,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. kurakootingotingo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D25424EACBFBFC05" box="[805,986,930,956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D56924EBCC54FC05" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1048,1141,931,956]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="niwa" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D56924EBCC54FC05" box="[1048,1141,931,956]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">K. niwa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D50D24EACD10FC05" box="[1148,1329,930,956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by these species’ more robustly lobed growth forms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17669BB5355C65D192209ACACAF7B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" targetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5355C65D192209ACACAF7B6" blockId="14.[227,1436,2002,2064]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D192209AC912F855" bold="true" box="[227,307,2002,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5355C65D04C209BCA63F855" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[317,578,2003,2028]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D04C209BCA63F855" box="[317,578,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5355C65D33D209BCB27F854" box="[588,774,2003,2029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D44C209ACD73F855" bold="true" box="[1341,1362,2002,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Base surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D03720BEC97BF7A9" bold="true" box="[326,346,2038,2064]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Base interior.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5355C65D37D20BDCA00F7B6" bold="true" box="[524,545,2037,2063]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Polyps (in situ).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5345C7BD1922667CB6BFDA5" blockId="15.[227,1437,303,400]" lastBlockId="16.[227,1437,303,541]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
All specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5345C64D0B92678CAF3FEF0" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[456,722,304,329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D0B92678CAF3FEF0" box="[456,722,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5345C64D3932667CB88FEF0" box="[738,937,303,329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
markedly differ from all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5345C64D192261BC9A6FED5" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[227,391,339,364]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D192261BC9A6FED5" box="[227,391,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">K. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5345C64D0FF261BCA46FED4" box="[398,615,338,365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in possessing far larger (and more abundant) clubs in their points (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5345C64D073263DC94DFE29" box="[258,364,373,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.28">0.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
long vs ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B5345C64D093263DCA1FFE29" box="[482,574,373,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5345C64D386263DCB75FE29" box="[759,852,373,400]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B5345C64D2FE263DCB93FE36" box="[911,946,373,399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[227,270,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetId="figure-65@20.[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior. H. Base surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084468/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">9B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and much wider polyp mound clubs (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD0702667C948FEF0" box="[257,361,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs no more than ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD3332667CA8EFEF0" box="[578,687,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
|
||
, compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD2562667CBA0FEF3" box="[807,897,303,330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD2CB2667CBFFFEF0" box="[954,990,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[227,270,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetId="figure-65@20.[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior. H. Base surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084468/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">9E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, spindles of the collaret and points are overall smaller and more slender in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD24E261BCC21FED5" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[831,1024,339,364]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD24E261BCC21FED5" box="[831,1024,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD50E261ACCFDFED4" box="[1151,1244,338,365]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD466261ACD1FFED5" box="[1303,1342,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[227,270,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetId="figure-65@20.[263,1400,302,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior. H. Base surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084468/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is particularly apparent when polyp armatures are compared in situ (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD5E6263DCCD6FE36" box="[1175,1271,373,399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD446263DCD4AFE36" box="[1335,1387,373,399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1271,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-375@21.[229,1432,1271,1951]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 10. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base interior. B. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084472/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">10B</figureCitation>
|
||
), as this causes the collaret and points to appear much more crowded with sclerites than the more uniform arrangement typical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD08226F5CAB7FE6F" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[499,662,445,470]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD08226F5CAB7FE6F" box="[499,662,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD23D26F5CC2CFE6F" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[844,1037,445,470]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD23D26F5CC2CFE6F" box="[844,1037,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also tend to have deeper collarets than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD0F526A8CA09FE40" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[388,552,480,505]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD0F526A8CA09FE40" box="[388,552,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6–10 vs 4–7 rows), and based on available material
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD5D026A8CD43FE40" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1185,1378,480,505]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD5D026A8CD43FE40" box="[1185,1378,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be restricted to deeper depths (>
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD315254ACA8EFDA4" box="[612,687,514,541]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
vs <
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD39E254ACB1CFDA5" box="[751,829,514,540]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17669BB5345C64D19520E7CAD8F7B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084463" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7084463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084463/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[228,271,1967,1993]" targetBox="[229,1433,478,1910]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5345C64D19520E7CAD8F7B6" blockId="15.[227,1438,1967,2064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D19520E7C910F870" bold="true" box="[228,305,1967,1993]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Preserved specimens.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D33020E7CA74F870" bold="true" box="[577,597,1967,1993]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5345C64D31420F8CB49F870" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[613,872,1968,1993]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D31420F8CB49F870" box="[613,872,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kotatea amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5345C64D20020F8CC05F873" box="[881,1060,1968,1994]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D55C20E7CC1EF870" bold="true" box="[1069,1087,1967,1993]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5345C64D53E20F8CCD5F870" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1103,1268,1968,1993]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5345C64D53E20F8CCD5F870" box="[1103,1268,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">K. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5345C64D58C20F8C939F854" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, expanded and stalked specimens. Note NIWA 154046 and NIWA 142997 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B52B5C7BD192250CCCAAFCB7" blockId="16.[225,1437,580,783]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Other than colour (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD331250CCA81FDE7" box="[576,672,580,606]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[228,271,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-104@15.[229,1433,478,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov. B. K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., expanded and stalked specimens. Note NIWA 154046 and NIWA 142997 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084463/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD390250CCB34FDE7" box="[737,789,580,606]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[227,270,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,782,1963]" captionTargetId="figure-164@44.[229,1432,782,1963]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 24. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea raekura gen. et sp. nov. B. K. teorowai gen. et sp. nov. Note that lot AK 656516 includes additional fragments that are not shown. * = holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084502/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">24B</figureCitation>
|
||
), a clear difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD50B250DCD1FFDE7" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1146,1342,581,606]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD50B250DCD1FFDE7" box="[1146,1342,581,606]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD43B250CC91FFD3B" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD00B2520CA25FD38" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[378,516,616,641]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teorowai" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD00B2520CA25FD38" box="[378,516,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. teorowai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD37D2520CA9EFD3B" box="[524,703,616,642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is that specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD2CA2520CC5DFD38" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[955,1148,616,641]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD2CA2520CC5DFD38" box="[955,1148,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack the leafy spheroids that form a distinctive component of the lobe surface in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD2F625C3CC33FD1D" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[903,1042,651,676]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teorowai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD2F625C3CC33FD1D" box="[903,1042,651,676]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. teorowai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD5E025C2CCCDFD1C" box="[1169,1260,650,677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD45625C3CD78FD1C" box="[1319,1369,651,677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[227,270,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[269,1394,303,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-68@48.[269,1394,303,1931]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 27. Kotatea teorowai gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 27358), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Base surface. H. Lobe and base interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084510/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">27F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The two species are also distinct for their interior sclerites, which are far more abundant and more heavily ornamented in all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD321259ACB2EFD52" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[592,783,722,747]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD321259ACB2EFD52" box="[592,783,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD21B259ACBD0FD52" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[874,1009,722,747]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teorowai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD21B259ACBD0FD52" box="[874,1009,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. teorowai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being very rare (and absent towards the base) and sparsely ornamented in the latter (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD2F125BCCBC1FCB6" box="[896,992,756,783]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD29D25BCCC2EFCB7" box="[1004,1039,756,782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD53625BCCC5FFCB7" box="[1095,1150,756,782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[227,270,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[269,1394,303,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-68@48.[269,1394,303,1931]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 27. Kotatea teorowai gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 27358), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Base surface. H. Lobe and base interior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084510/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">27H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B52B5C7BD192247ECA7CFBB9" blockId="16.[226,1438,822,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
While the sclerites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD080247FCA95FCE9" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[497,692,823,848]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD080247FCA95FCE9" box="[497,692,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD3CE247ECB58FCE9" box="[703,889,822,848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differ markedly from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD587247FCDBDFCE9" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1270,1436,822,848]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kapotaiora" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD587247FCDBDFCE9" box="[1270,1436,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. kapotaiora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD1922412C9B0FCCD" box="[227,401,858,884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD0B92412CA66FCCA" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[456,583,857,883]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="raekura" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD0B92412CA66FCCA" box="[456,583,857,883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. raekura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD33F2412CADCFCCD" box="[590,765,858,884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD2082411CBFFFCCD" box="[889,990,857,884]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="13.[229,272,1970,1996]" captionStartId-1="14.[227,270,2002,2028]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetId-0="figure-53@13.[229,1432,306,1937]" captionTargetId-1="figure-288@14.[229,1432,1039,1948]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084458" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084461" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7084458/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7084461/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
with 12–13 and 25–26), specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD1932435C9A7FC2F" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[226,390,892,918]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kapotaiora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD1932435C9A7FC2F" box="[226,390,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. kapotaiora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can also be easily distinguished by their white colouration and specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD46C2435CDBCFC2F" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1309,1437,892,918]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="raekura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD46C2435CDBCFC2F" box="[1309,1437,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. raekura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their orange-coloured collaret and points sclerites. Available material also suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD46C24E8CDBFFC00" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1309,1438,927,953]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="raekura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD46C24E8CDBFFC00" box="[1309,1438,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. raekura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be restricted to Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands and much shallower depths (collected at <
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD410248BCDBDFC64" box="[1377,1436,963,989]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
vs>
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD06D24AEC947FBB8" box="[284,358,998,1025]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD0FD24AFCA6DFBB9" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[396,588,999,1024]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amicispongia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD0FD24AFCA6DFBB9" box="[396,588,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. amicispongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3726598B52B5C7BD192236FCD2BFA99" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B52B5C7BD192236FCA34FBF8" blockId="16.[227,533,1063,1090]" box="[227,533,1063,1090]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D09F817FB52B5C7BD192236FCA34FBF8" bold="true" box="[227,533,1063,1090]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD192236FCA34FBF8" bold="true" box="[227,533,1063,1090]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73613B52B5C7BD192231ECD2BFA99" blockId="16.[227,1437,1110,1313]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
All specimens were collected off the east coast of far northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7683B52B5C7BD2B2231FCC45FBC9" box="[963,1124,1110,1137]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, between Great Exhibition Bay and around Cape Brett, at ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C909BF6B52B5C7BD3052332CADFFB2D" box="[628,766,1146,1172]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="120.0" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="100.0">100–140 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532A96B52B5C7BD22F2331CB9CFB2D" box="[862,957,1145,1172]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[227,270,1738,1764]" captionTargetBox="[227,1437,338,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-138@8.[227,1437,338,1699]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Collection sites of specimens of Kotatea gen. nov. and Ushanaia gen. nov. Holotype collection sites are indicated by white symbols, paratypes and other material by black symbols. In the case of K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., the type collection site refers to that described by Quoy & Gaimard (1833). A. Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands. B. Far northern NZ, from Piwhane/Spirits Bay to the Poor Knights Islands. C. Northern NZ, from the Mokohinau Islands to East Cape. D. Central NZ, Cook Strait to Banks Peninsula. E. South-East NZ, Fiordland. Note that the holotypes of K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov. and K. teorowai gen. et sp. nov. share the same collection site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7084448/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). NIWA 55958 and NIWA 57129 were collected from rocky sites, and NIWA 56152 from muddy sites. All specimens except NIWA 57129 are attached to sponge fragments, and NIWA 154046 was collected with mostly sponge material. Some of the specimens were collected along with specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B52B5C7BD20F23ABCC56FB44" authority="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel & Alderslade & Bilewitch & Schnabel & Norman & Potts & Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[894,1143,1251,1277]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ferruginea" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B52B5C7BD20F23ABCC56FB44" box="[894,1143,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ushanaia ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB52B5C7BD5F023ACCD1BFB47" box="[1153,1338,1252,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and the sponge fragment attached to NIWA 154129 is encrusted with small patches of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |