486 lines
66 KiB
XML
486 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="AA74E205D16FDDA9E093E985DC28C313" ID-CLB-Dataset="5247" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3878.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5247e933-3152-40d5-ae19-cce84a3dad7f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948908" ID-ZooBank="11145FA0-2CB5-460A-B7A6-9A634C778982" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623702158138" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Van Soest, Rob W. M., Meesters, Erik H. W. G. & Becking, Leontine E." docDate="2014" docId="03B487DF122DA777F99C6E3AAF92B037" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03878p443.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3878 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Geodia curacaoensis Van Soest & Meesters & Becking 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="41EA60E2-A3E2-4067-8C08-9FD39E4D274E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="413" masterDocId="FF8DFFA71226A77BF90B6821AB2FB758" masterDocTitle="Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="412" updateTime="1699015317828" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A1F24BF5C2E0A6A75734397FCC0A9E8B">
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<mods:title id="E3FC71B68CCF420BD9D7DB043F095090">Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="921BEF1F8B645ED3D56332598D269D0A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="68D9E98E1FEE3B643B1A7E032EEF08FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1B19ACBAF64E2B05F16D22733E995E53">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCC24B4012FA98A9E590D213A52548EA">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F3A28C591013F1B544540997102044FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0B29C5DEC7C5EE885DA1A9434CA15563">Meesters, Erik H. W. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B1426FDB36015A02B20A196B3D32856A">Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="57C9EAD8954A95A97B3BE7AAB67BF3A4">Becking, Leontine E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CEDFE84AE0109FA478769E30A4FEF233">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. & Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl & University of California Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management (ESPM), 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 3114, USA. E-mail: lebecking @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3EACBA856395FCA7541F88905EBEF54B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F527478858D6AA788BA408398326654C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F2160E954B6DCFFBB2D416003A98007D">
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<mods:date id="E70C566A1EC15DB5305A7509B46AF35F">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4A856A0C5D039D84D2902FE8EBA53657">3878</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B487DF122DA777F99C6E3AAF92B037" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949102" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183823284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4949102" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:41EA60E2-A3E2-4067-8C08-9FD39E4D274E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487DF122DA777F99C6E3AAF92B037" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<subSubSection id="C3076542122DA770F99C6E3AA906B16E" box="[151,553,1563,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA770F99C6E3AA906B16E" blockId="11.[151,553,1563,1623]" box="[151,553,1563,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<heading id="D0EA81A5122DA770F99C6E3AA906B16E" bold="true" box="[151,553,1563,1590]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F99C6E3AA906B16E" bold="true" box="[151,553,1563,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122DA770F99C6E3AAABCB16D" authority="Van Soest & Meesters & Becking, 2014" authorityName="Van Soest & Meesters & Becking" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,403,1563,1589]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="curacaoensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F99C6E3AAABCB16D" bold="true" box="[151,403,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Geodia curacaoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57A0122DA770F8916E3DA906B16E" box="[410,553,1564,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3076542122DA770F99C6E1FAA07B10F" box="[151,296,1598,1623]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA770F99C6E1FAA07B10F" blockId="11.[151,553,1563,1623]" box="[151,296,1598,1623]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<figureCitation id="13262A4C122DA770F99C6E1FAA07B10F" box="[151,296,1598,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Figures 8a–k</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3076542122DA770F99C6EA7AA6FB1E3" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA770F99C6EA7AA6FB1E3" blockId="11.[151,1436,1670,1723]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D11E7122DA770F99C6EA7AA6FB1E3" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABC10D8122DA770F99C6EA7A826B1C4" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." box="[151,777,1670,1692]" page="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" year="1988">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122DA770F99C6EA7A826B1C4" authority="sensu Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988: 14" authorityName="sensu Van Soest & Stentoft" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,777,1670,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastrella">
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||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F99C6EA7ABCDB1C4" box="[151,226,1670,1692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Geodia</emphasis>
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||
aff.
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<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F81B6EA7AAA9B1C4" box="[272,390,1670,1692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">megastrella</emphasis>
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||
sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122DA770F8C76EA6A826B1C4" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." box="[460,777,1670,1692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988: 14</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 11 figs 1–4, text-fig. 4 (not:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122DA770FD586EA7AFFCB1C4" author="Carter, H. J." box="[1107,1235,1670,1692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" pagination="458 - 479" refId="ref22537" refString="Carter, H. J. (1876) Descriptions and figures of deep-sea sponges and their spicules, from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine', chiefly in 1869 (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 18, (105) 226 - 240, (106) 307 - 324, (107) 388 - 410, (108) 458 - 479." type="book chapter" year="1876">Carter, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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||
, nec sensu Topsent, 1911, 1928)
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3076542122DA770F99C6EC6A942B0C8" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA770F99C6EC6AA8AB010" blockId="11.[151,1436,1767,2008]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F99C6EC6AAAEB1A7" box="[151,385,1767,1792]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F99C6EC6AA55B058" bold="true" box="[151,378,1767,1792]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B753C94122DA770F8826EC6AA8AB010" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559310" collectingDate="2013-05-27" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="L. E. Becking & E. Meesters" country="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" elevation="156" latitude="11.9821" location="Klein" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-68.6452" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" specimenCode="BDR005" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54A6886B122DA770F8826EC6AAD9B058" box="[393,502,1767,1792]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0CAE0C122DA770FB0A6EC9A97AB1A7" box="[513,597,1768,1791]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9260,
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<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122DA770FBDC6EC6A8F2B058" box="[727,989,1767,1792]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Caribbean Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EC26012122DA770FAE26EC6AF08B058" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487DF122DA777F99C6E3AAF92B037:8EC26012122DA770FAE26EC6AF08B058" box="[1001,1063,1767,1792]" country="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" latitude="11.9821" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-68.6452" name="Klein" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Klein</location>
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<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122DA770FD246EC6AFA0B058" box="[1071,1167,1767,1792]" name="Curaçao" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Curacao</collectingCountry>
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, off SW coast (Dive 1),
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<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E122DA770F99C6F2AAA3FB07C" box="[151,272,1803,1828]" degrees="11.9821" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" precision="5" value="11.9821">11.9821°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E122DA770F81C6F2AAAB8B07C" box="[279,407,1803,1828]" degrees="68.6452" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" precision="5" value="-68.6452">68.6452°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, on a coral rock wall at
|
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<quantity id="4CE59B2C122DA770FB946F2AA9C8B07B" box="[671,743,1803,1828]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="m" value="156.0">
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<elevation id="0030D1FA122DA770FB946F2AA9C8B07B" box="[671,743,1803,1828]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="m" value="156.0">156 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, coll.
|
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<collectorName id="26E8531F122DA770FA216F2DA891B07C" box="[810,958,1803,1828]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">L.E. Becking</collectorName>
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&
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||
<collectorName id="26E8531F122DA770FAEA6F2DAF48B07B" box="[993,1127,1804,1827]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">E. Meesters</collectorName>
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||
, field nr. CURASUB13-09/
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||
<specimenCode id="DBBB9EB2122DA770F99C6F0EABD1B010" box="[151,254,1839,1864]" collectionCode="BDR" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">BDR005</specimenCode>
|
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,
|
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<date id="FFA31009122DA770F8036F0EAA8DB010" box="[264,418,1839,1864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="2013-05-27">
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<collectingDate id="EFE7E9E1122DA770F8036F0EAA8DB010" box="[264,418,1839,1864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="2013-05-27">27 May 2013</collectingDate>
|
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</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA770F9CC6F75A942B0C8" blockId="11.[151,1436,1767,2008]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B753C94122DA770F9CC6F75A947B0C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559316" collectingDate="1978-08-11" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Barbados" elevation="148" location="For" municipality="Paynes Bay" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EC26012122DA770F9CC6F75ABC1B033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487DF122DA777F99C6E3AAF92B037:8EC26012122DA770F9CC6F75ABC1B033" box="[199,238,1876,1899]" country="Barbados" municipality="Paynes Bay" name="For" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">For</location>
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||
comparison:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122DA770F8806F72AF0FB034" authority="sensu Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988" authorityName="sensu Van Soest & Stentoft" authorityYear="1988" box="[395,1056,1875,1900]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F8806F72AAF1B034" box="[395,478,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Geodia</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770FB066F72A9BFB034" box="[525,656,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">megastrella</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122DA770FBE96F75AF0FB034" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." box="[738,1056,1875,1900]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0CAE0C122DA770FD266F72AF44B034" box="[1069,1131,1875,1900]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 05272,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122DA770FC096F72AE40B034" box="[1282,1391,1875,1900]" name="Barbados" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC6ACB3122DA770F99C6F59AA34B0C8" box="[151,283,1912,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Paynes Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122DA770F82D6F56AA88B0D7" box="[294,423,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4849999999999999" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="m" value="148.5" valueMax="153.0" valueMin="144.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0030D1FA122DA770F82D6F56AA88B0D7" box="[294,423,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4849999999999999" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="m" value="148.5" valueMax="153.0" valueMin="144.0">144–153 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA31009122DA770F8B86F56A947B0C8" box="[435,616,1911,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1978-08-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE7E9E1122DA770F8B86F56A947B0C8" box="[435,616,1911,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1978-08-11">11 August 1978</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3076542122DA777F9CC6FBAA836B4D8" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122DA777F9CC6FBAA85CB78D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1767,2008]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F9CC6FBAAA77B0EB" box="[199,344,1947,1972]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122DA770F9CC6FBAAA7EB0EC" bold="true" box="[199,337,1947,1972]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Small sphere (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122DA770FB0A6FBAA97FB0EC" box="[513,592,1947,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
|
||
) of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122DA770FB756FBAA9E4B0EB" box="[638,715,1947,1972]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter (two fragments were preserved, one of 5 x 2.5 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122DA770FC556FBAAEB7B0EB" box="[1374,1432,1947,1972]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
, a second of 4 x 2.5 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122DA770F8856F9EAAE4B080" box="[398,459,1983,2008]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
). Surface generally smooth but with patches of long hair-like spicules distributed over the entire surface. Oscules crowded on top in a sieve plate. Color white grey around, but with upper half and sieveplate dark red. Cortex can crack easily, and choanosome is pulpy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC68FEA950B63D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC68FEAA1BB7AF" box="[199,308,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC68FEAA02B7A0" bold="true" box="[199,301,223,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Cortex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F89368FEAAC6B7A0" box="[408,489,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
|
||
) consisting of a layer of sterrasters
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FA7068FEAF25B7A0" box="[891,1034,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="400.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="300.0">300–500 µm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness, carried by the cladi of radially arranged ortho/plagiotriaenes, anatriaenes and oxeas. Small short oxeotes and abundant small asters are distributed in the peripheral regions of the cortex among the cladi of the triaenes. Choanosomal skeleton a confused mass of oxeas and small aster microscleres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC694EAE72B6D0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,1373,367,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC694EAA1FB6DF" box="[199,304,367,392]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC694EAA06B6D0" bold="true" box="[199,297,367,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ortho/plagiotriaenes, anatriaenes, oxeas, cortical oxeotes, sterrasters, oxyasters, strongylasters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC69B5AEBEB540" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Ortho/plagiotriaenes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8B669B5A922B6F5" box="[445,525,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 8c</figureCitation>
|
||
), (cladi curved downwards, so technically they are closer to orthotriaenes than to plagiotriaenes, but the cladi are not exactly at right angles to the shaft). They are not very common and were invariably broken in the slides. From measurements from thick sections it appeared that the shaft length is up to approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777F83469DEAA8CB540" box="[319,419,511,536]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="4200.0">4200 µm</quantity>
|
||
(usually smaller), shaft width
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FBF269DEA841B540" box="[761,878,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="50.0">50–90 µm</quantity>
|
||
, cladomes
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FAE169DEAF55B540" box="[1002,1146,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="435.0" valueMax="550.0" valueMin="320.0">320–550 µm</quantity>
|
||
, cladi 160–270 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FC4969DEAEA2B540" box="[1346,1421,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6A05A95FB538" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Anatriaenes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8556A05AAC3B565" box="[350,492,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Figs. 8d, 8d</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8E76A05AAD8B565" box="[492,503,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), shaft length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FB966A05A864B564" box="[669,843,548,573]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 µm</quantity>
|
||
, shaft width 20–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FD006A05AF08B565" box="[1035,1063,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">25</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FD3D6A05AFAEB564" box="[1078,1153,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
|
||
, cladomes 120–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FC316A05AE4BB565" box="[1338,1380,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">152</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FC786A05AB91B538" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="180.0">180 µm</quantity>
|
||
, cladi 70–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F83A6A66AA62B538" box="[305,333,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">93</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777F8576A66AA9EB538" box="[348,433,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
|
||
x 20–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8FC6A66A93CB538" box="[503,531,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">28</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FB2A6A66A943B538" box="[545,620,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6A4DAA67B5F0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Oxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8146A4DAAB0B5DD" box="[287,415,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 8e, 8e</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8AB6A4DAA84B5DD" box="[416,427,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), usually broken in the slides, they are mostly around
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FD2E6A4DAFA3B5DC" box="[1061,1164,620,645]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="4000.0">4000 µm</quantity>
|
||
x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FDA66A4DAFD7B5DC" box="[1197,1272,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
|
||
(thick section measurements).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6A95AFECB595" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,1219,692,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Cortical oxeotes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8866A95A92CB595" box="[397,515,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 8f, 8f</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777FB086A95A921B595" box="[515,526,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly different at both ends, 320–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FAB96A95A8F3B595" box="[946,988,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">380</emphasis>
|
||
–480 x 7.5–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FD6A6A95AF52B595" box="[1121,1149,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">10</emphasis>
|
||
–12.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6AF6A939B44D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Sterrasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8406AF6AAB2B5A8" box="[331,413,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777F8746AF6AAB2B5A8" box="[383,413,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly oval, 70–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FB7F6AF6A9BFB5A8" box="[628,656,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">94</emphasis>
|
||
–110 x 70–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA076AF6A807B5A8" box="[780,808,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">78</emphasis>
|
||
–85, individual rosettes approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FDD76AF6AE38B5A8" box="[1244,1303,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter with larger spines numbering 4–6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6B01AF2AB460" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,1029,799,824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Large oxyasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8836B3EAAD3B460" box="[392,508,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Figs. 8h–i</figureCitation>
|
||
), diameter 15–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FBA86B3EA990B460" box="[675,703,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">22</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FBC56B3EA837B460" box="[718,792,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 µm</quantity>
|
||
, number of rays 6–8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6B65AF0DB405" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,1058,836,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Small oxyasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F8836B65A925B405" box="[392,522,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Figs. 8h, 8j</figureCitation>
|
||
), diameter 10–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FBBA6B65A9E2B405" box="[689,717,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">12</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FBD66B65A808B404" box="[733,807,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 µm</quantity>
|
||
, number of rays 6–12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6B46A836B4D8" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,793,871,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Strongylasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A4C122AA777F87D6B46AAD2B4D8" box="[374,509,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-105@13.[181,1393,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9260, a. habit on deck (scale bar = 1 cm), b. cross section of cortex showing layer of sterrasters carried by ortho/plagiotriaenes, oxeas and anatriaenes, c–k. SEM images of the spicules, c. ortho/plagiotriaene, d. anatriaene, d1. detail of cladi, e. oxea, e1. details of oxea, f. cortical oxeote, f1. details of endings of cortical oxeote, g. sterraster, h. overview of aster microscleres, i. large oxyaster, j. small oxyaster, k. strongylaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Figs. 8h, 8k</figureCitation>
|
||
), diameter 5–
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FB9C6B46A995B4D8" box="[663,698,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">6.7</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FBC16B46A83BB4D8" box="[714,788,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3076542122AA777F9CC6BADAA6EB490" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6BADAA6EB490" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BADAAD8B4FB" box="[199,503,908,933]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BADAAC0B4FD" bold="true" box="[199,495,908,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
One specimen collected on carbonate rock wall just below the mesophotic zone at Klein
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777F9D76B8EAA12B490" box="[220,317,943,968]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3076542122AA777F9CC6BF5A84BB4B5" box="[199,868,980,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6BF5A84BB4B5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,868,980,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BF5AA62B4B3" box="[199,333,980,1005]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BF5AA69B4B5" bold="true" box="[199,326,980,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Named after the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6886B122AA777FB046BF5A910B4B4" box="[527,575,980,1004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, (Klein)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777FBF46BF5A84FB4B5" box="[767,864,980,1005]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3076542122AA777F9CC6BD6AF92B037" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6BD6AF92B20D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BD6AA14B357" box="[199,315,1015,1040]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9CC6BD6AA1BB348" bold="true" box="[199,308,1015,1040]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It is likely that this species was recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777FA616BD6A8FBB348" box="[874,980,1015,1040]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FD0F6BD9AE54B348" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." box="[1028,1403,1015,1040]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest & Stentoft (1988: 14)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F99C6C3DA91EB36D" authority="Carter, 1876" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,561,1052,1077]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F99C6C3DABC5B36D" box="[151,234,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Geodia</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F81C6C3DAAB5B36D" box="[279,410,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">megastrella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F8A96C3DA91EB36D" author="Carter, H. J." box="[418,561,1052,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="458 - 479" refId="ref22537" refString="Carter, H. J. (1876) Descriptions and figures of deep-sea sponges and their spicules, from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine', chiefly in 1869 (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 18, (105) 226 - 240, (106) 307 - 324, (107) 388 - 410, (108) 458 - 479." type="book chapter" year="1876">Carter, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We reexamined this material. It differs from Carter’s Portuguese material in the presence of short cortical oxeas and the size of the oxyasters, which are only half the size in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777FC396C1EAEB3B300" box="[1330,1436,1087,1112]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen (and in our new species). The shape of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777FBEF6C45A861B325" box="[740,846,1124,1149]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
material differs from that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6886B122AA777FDB06C45AE32B325" box="[1211,1309,1124,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of our new species in being more elaborate and irregular, but its size is also larger (10 x 10 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FD4A6CA9AF53B3F8" box="[1089,1148,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
|
||
) and it is not unusual for geodiid species to have a globular shape when young and more irregular when older. In the spiculation of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777F99C6CEEAA2EB3B0" box="[151,257,1231,1256]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens only one feature seemed to differ, the length of the cortical oxeotes, given as 150 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FC226CEEAEAFB3B0" box="[1321,1408,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 µm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F99C6CD5A93CB255" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." box="[151,531,1268,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest & Stentoft (1988: 14)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. When we reexamined this, we found that variation is large and many of the cortical oxeotes were in the range of 200–300 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FBBB6D36A829B268" box="[688,774,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
|
||
and only few were as small as
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FD6A6D36AF95B268" box="[1121,1210,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
|
||
. We assume that the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777F99C6D1DAA2EB20D" box="[151,257,1340,1365]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
material and the present specimen are conspecific as all other features match closely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6D7EAA10B2BD" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
On paper our new species appears rather close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FBFF6D7EAF41B220" authority="Lamarck, 1814" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" box="[756,1134,1375,1400]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibberosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FBFF6D7EA892B220" box="[756,957,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Geodia gibberosa</emphasis>
|
||
Lamarck, 1814
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as extensively redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F9B26DA5AA8FB2C5" author="Cardenas, P. & Menegola, C. & Rapp, H. T. & Diaz, M. C." box="[185,416,1412,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref22304" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. & Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Cárdenas
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8236DA4AA4FB2C5" box="[296,352,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but habit, length of the oxeas and the form, ray number and ornamentation of the oxyasters are clearly different in the two species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FB446D89A9F3B298" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" box="[591,732,1447,1472]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibberosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FB446D89A9F3B298" box="[591,732,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. gibberosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also reported from deep water (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659122AA777FD786D86AFCEB298" box="[1139,1249,1447,1472]" name="Barbados" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FC1B6D89AA1DB2BD" author="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N." pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest & Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA236C9122AA777F9CC6DCEAF92B037" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F81F6DCEAA91B150" box="[276,446,1519,1544]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F81F6DCEAA49B150" box="[276,358,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Geodia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded from the Central West Atlantic,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FA9A6DD1AFCCB150" authority="Bowerbank, 1872" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1872" box="[913,1251,1519,1544]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tumulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA9A6DD1AF39B150" box="[913,1046,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. tumulosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FD166DCEAFCCB150" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[1053,1251,1519,1544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="626 - 635" refId="ref22269" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1872) Contributions to a general history of the Spongiadae. Part III. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872, 626 - 635." type="journal article" year="1872">Bowerbank, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears close to our new species, but it differs in overall shape and in having protriaenes in addition to ortho- and anatriaenes. Furthermore the sterrasters are about half the size of those of our new species, and the largest oxyasters are twice as large as those of our new species. Most other species reported from the region differ more clearly by lacking cortical oxeas (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8496EA1A9C2B1C0" authority="Da Silva & Mothes, 2000" authorityName="Da Silva & Mothes" authorityYear="2000" box="[322,749,1663,1688]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8496EA1AAECB1C0" box="[322,451,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. australis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F8C16EA1A9C2B1C0" author="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B." box="[458,749,1663,1688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="31 - 48" refId="ref22699" refString="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B. (2000) Three new species of Geodia Lamarck, 1815 (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the bathyal depths off Brazilian coast, Southwestern Atlantic. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 107 (1), 31 - 48." type="journal article" year="2000">Da Silva & Mothes, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FBF36EA1AFF2B1C0" authority="Da Silva & Mothes, 2000" authorityName="Da Silva & Mothes" authorityYear="2000" box="[760,1245,1663,1688]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="riograndensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FBF36EA1A89CB1C0" box="[760,947,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. riograndensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FAB16EA1AFF2B1C0" author="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B." box="[954,1245,1663,1688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="31 - 48" refId="ref22699" refString="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B. (2000) Three new species of Geodia Lamarck, 1815 (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the bathyal depths off Brazilian coast, Southwestern Atlantic. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 107 (1), 31 - 48." type="journal article" year="2000">Da Silva & Mothes, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FDE36EA1AABCB1E5" authority="Da Silva & Mothes, 2000" authorityName="Da Silva & Mothes" authorityYear="2000" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FDE36EA1AE5BB1C0" box="[1256,1396,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FC706EA1AABCB1E5" author="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B." pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="31 - 48" refId="ref22699" refString="Da Silva, C. M. M. & Mothes, B. (2000) Three new species of Geodia Lamarck, 1815 (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the bathyal depths off Brazilian coast, Southwestern Atlantic. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 107 (1), 31 - 48." type="journal article" year="2000">Da Silva & Mothes, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8956E85A82BB1E5" authority="(Sollas, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Sollas" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[414,772,1700,1725]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pachydermata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8956E85A972B1E5" box="[414,605,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. pachydermata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FB666E85A9D2B1E5" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[621,765,1700,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref25465" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FA1A6E85AF62B1E5" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[785,1101,1700,1725]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA1A6E85A8B1B1E5" box="[785,926,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. thomsonii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FAAD6E85AF62B1E5" author="Schmidt, O." box="[934,1101,1700,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="iii - iv" refId="ref25229" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp." type="book chapter" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FD536E85AEB3B1E5" authority="(Schmidt, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1112,1436,1700,1725]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apiarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FD536E85AFF2B1E4" box="[1112,1245,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. apiarium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FDE66E85AEBCB1E5" author="Schmidt, O." box="[1261,1427,1700,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="iii - iv" refId="ref25229" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp." type="book chapter" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F9C26EE9A917B1B8" authority="Boury-Esnault, 1973" authorityName="Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[201,568,1735,1760]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tylastra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F9C26EE9AA10B1B8" box="[201,319,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. tylastra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F8426EE6A917B1B8" author="Boury-Esnault, N." box="[329,568,1735,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="263 - 295" refId="ref22139" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la ' Calypso'. Campagne de la ' Calypso' au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). I. 29. Spongiaires. Annales de l'Institut oceanographique, 49 (Supplement 10), 263 - 295." type="journal article" year="1973">Boury-Esnault, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), having dichotriaenes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FA476EE9AF55B1B8" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[844,1146,1735,1760]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spherastrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA476EE9A8DFB1B8" box="[844,1008,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. spherastrea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FAF16EE6AF55B1B8" author="Levi, C." box="[1018,1146,1735,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref24081" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. Galathea Report. Scientific Results of The Danish Deep- Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 52, 7, 63 - 112." type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), or having much shorter structural oxeas (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F85C6ECDAACBB05D" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" box="[343,484,1772,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibberosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F85C6ECDAACBB05D" box="[343,484,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. gibberosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8F96ECDA802B05D" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" box="[498,813,1772,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="papyracea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8F96ECDA9A9B05C" box="[498,646,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. papyracea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FB866ECDA802B05D" author="Hechtel, G. J." box="[653,813,1772,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref23519" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1965">Hechtel, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FA336ECDAFE2B05D" authority="Hajdu et al. 1996" authorityName="Hajdu" authorityYear="1996" box="[824,1229,1772,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corticostylifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA336ECDAF2EB05D" box="[824,1025,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. corticostylifera</emphasis>
|
||
Hajdu
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FD586ECCAFA4B05D" box="[1107,1163,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FDDC6ECDABFDB070" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="neptuni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FDDC6ECDAE65B05C" box="[1239,1354,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. neptuni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FC5B6ECDABFDB070" author="Sollas, W. J." pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref25465" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8076F31A90AB070" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[268,549,1807,1832]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vosmaeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8076F31AABFB07F" box="[268,400,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. vosmaeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F89C6F2EA90AB070" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[407,549,1807,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref25465" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Deep water species from the opposite side of the Atlantic differ likewise from our new species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8556F15A9B0B015" authority="Topsent, 1928" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[350,671,1844,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="divaricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8556F15AADAB015" box="[350,501,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. divaricans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F8F56F15A9B0B015" author="Topsent, E." box="[510,671,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref25727" refString="Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Mediterranee provenant des croisieres du Prince Albert ler de Monaco. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I Monaco, 74, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1928">Topsent, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dichotriaenes,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FA706F15AF8DB015" authority="(Sollas, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Sollas" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[891,1186,1844,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glariosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FA706F15A8D6B015" box="[891,1017,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. glariosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FD016F15AFB5B015" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[1034,1178,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref25465" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has oxeas less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B2C122AA777FC856F15ABECB037" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777F8616F79A9BBB028" authority="(Topsent, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[362,660,1879,1904]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777F8616F79AAF3B028" box="[362,476,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777F8E06F76A9A2B028" author="Topsent, E." box="[491,653,1879,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref25727" refString="Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Mediterranee provenant des croisieres du Prince Albert ler de Monaco. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I Monaco, 74, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1928">Topsent, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A122AA777FBC06F79A8F1B028" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[715,990,1879,1904]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Geodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EADB122AA777FBC06F79A81BB028" box="[715,820,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">G. globus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38122AA777FA306F76A8F1B028" author="Schmidt, O." box="[827,990,1879,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="iii - iv" refId="ref25229" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp." type="book chapter" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack cortical oxeas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |