treatments-xml/data/03/92/87/039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08.xml

<document id="FA8D18580193C5019BEAEBE71707140D" ID-CLB-Dataset="92002" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e07b749-7497-4b4e-8168-2aca6a9543b2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647349194074" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Block, Petra De" docDate="2022" docId="039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-801_1-99.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 801" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paracephaelis russata De Block 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FFABFFADFFC797035C021D07FF82686F" masterDocTitle="Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1699318063375" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="34D43E05CAC6D4F107FD5CAF5106878A">Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A26F1EEA7AE2083287D3D080C07800A4">Block, Petra De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2BCAA37A7708DE7D315EF890D403D483">2022</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3216548FFFA973E5E2A1E85FB8E6BF2" box="[552,1036,898,925]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5E2A1E85FB8E6BF2" blockId="61.[552,1036,898,996]" box="[552,1036,898,925]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFFA973E5E2A1E85FB8E6BF2" box="[552,1036,898,925]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFFA973E5E2A1E85FC286BF3" authority="De Block" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[552,938,898,925]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="russata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5E2A1E85FCB16BF2" bold="true" box="[552,819,898,925]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Paracephaelis russata</emphasis>
De Block
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFFA973E5FB31E84FB8E6BF2" box="[945,1036,899,925]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFFA973E5E451EA1FC0A6B8B" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5E451EA1FC6F6BAF" blockId="61.[552,1036,898,996]" box="[583,1005,934,960]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77260714-1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5EA91ECDFC0A6B8B" blockId="61.[552,1036,898,996]" box="[683,904,970,996]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFFA973E5EA91ECDFC856B8B" box="[683,775,970,996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[189,231,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,265,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-12@2.[208,1379,265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Flowers, fruits and stipules of Paracephaelis Baill. A–D. Inflorescences. E–H. Fruits. I–J. Stipules. K–L. Infrutescences. A, E, I. P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block. B. P. pauciflora De Block sp. nov. C, G. P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block. D. P. sericea (Arènes) De Block. F. P. ranirisonii De Block sp. nov. H. P. tiliacea Baill. J–K. P. capitulifera De Block sp. nov. L. P. russata De Block sp. nov. Photographs: P. De Block (B–E, G, I–L); S. Dessein (A, H); L. Gautier (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358814/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Figs 1L</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFFA973E5F161ECDFCDD6B8B" box="[788,863,970,996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1470,1496]" captionTargetBox="[207,1371,275,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[189,1398,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Overview of the placentation in Paracephaelis Baill. A–K. Abaxial views of placenta and ovules. A’. Adaxial view of placenta and ovules with zone of attachment of the placenta indicated. A–C. Typical placentation type of Paracephaelis, with many ovules arranged at the periphery of the placenta.D–E. Idem, with fewer ovules. F–H. Idem, but ovules restricted to the top of the placenta. I. Typical placentation type in P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block, P. comorensis De Block sp. nov. and P. trichantha (Baker) De Block. J–K. Idem, with fewer ovules. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From Perrier de la Bâthie 13452 (P. tiliacea Baill., A, A’); Pervillé 633 (P. tiliacea Baill., B); Capuron 23451-SF (P. longipedicellata De Block sp. nov., C); McPherson et al. 14875A (P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block, D); Gautier et al. 4188 (P. gautieri De Block sp. nov., E); De Block et al. 1280 (P. bardotiae De Block sp. nov., F); De Block et al. 1048 (P. russata De Block sp. nov., G–H); Capuron 23073-SF (P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block, I); Barthelat et al. 732 (P. comorensis De Block sp. nov., J); and Labat &amp; Pascal 2887 (P. comorensis De Block sp. nov., K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358820/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">2G–H</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFFA973E5F691ECDFC0A6B8B" box="[875,904,970,996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="63.[188,230,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,562,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-113@63.[189,1394,540,1892]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Fig. 16. Paracephaelis russata De Block sp. nov.A. Fruiting branch. B. Stipules. C. Bracteoles, ovary and calyx. D. Corolla, stamens, style and stigma. E. Fruit. F. Pyrene, adaxial view. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From De Block et al. 1048 (A–C, E–F) and Gautier et al. 4526 (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358853/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">16</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFFA973E5CBF190BFC186C89" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
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<heading id="D0CC81AFFFFA973E5CBF190BFEB46C49" bold="true" box="[189,310,1036,1062]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5CBF190BFEB46C49" bold="true" box="[189,310,1036,1062]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF193CFC186C89" blockId="61.[187,1399,1083,1254]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
Differing from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFFA973E5D72193CFDFB6C3A" box="[368,633,1083,1109]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiliacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5D72193CFDFB6C3A" box="[368,633,1083,1109]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Paracephaelis tiliacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having shorter petioles (
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5FBD193CFBC66C39" box="[959,1092,1083,1110]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.2 cm</quantity>
vs 
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long), a higher number of secondary veins (8–16 vs 5–8), longer stipular sheaths (
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5FC91958FBB86C15" box="[971,1082,1119,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2 cm</quantity>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E58611958FB646C15" box="[1123,1254,1119,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 cm</quantity>
long), more lax inflorescences (first order axes 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5E561984FD296CF1" box="[596,683,1155,1182]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 cm</quantity>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5ED11984FCD46CF1" box="[723,854,1155,1182]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 cm</quantity>
long and pedicels 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E58331984FB236CF1" box="[1073,1185,1155,1182]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="0.0">0–12 mm</quantity>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E58CB1984FAA86CF1" box="[1225,1322,1155,1182]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2 mm</quantity>
long), longer calyx tubes (
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5D9D19A0FD966CAD" box="[415,532,1191,1218]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5E3B19A0FD466CAD" box="[569,708,1191,1218]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
long), a lower number of ovules (1–4 per placenta vs 4–10), and by not having a 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5DAE19CCFDAE6C8A" box="[428,556,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Terminalia</emphasis>
branching pattern (vs present).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFFA973E5CBF180AFA946D39" box="[189,1302,1293,1367]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF180AFEC66D48" blockId="61.[189,324,1293,1319]" box="[189,324,1293,1319]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFFA973E5CBF180AFEC66D48" bold="true" box="[189,324,1293,1319]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5CBF180AFEC66D48" bold="true" box="[189,324,1293,1319]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF183BFA946D39" blockId="61.[189,1302,1340,1367]" box="[189,1302,1340,1367]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">The species epithet is based on the reddish colour of the pubescence on most of the specimens.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFFA973D5CBF1878FEDB6905" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF1878FEEE6DF7" blockId="61.[189,364,1406,1433]" box="[189,364,1406,1433]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFFA973E5CBF1878FEEE6DF7" bold="true" box="[189,364,1406,1433]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5CBF1878FEEE6DF7" bold="true" box="[189,364,1406,1433]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<typeStatus id="54808861FFFA973E5CBF1878FF786DF6" box="[189,250,1407,1433]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF18A9FBB76E7F" blockId="61.[189,1399,1454,1552]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E5CBF18A9FBB36E7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276578" collectingDate="1999-05-27" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="De Block &amp; Rapanarivo &amp; Randriamboavonjy" country="Madagascar" elevation="82" location="Ambilobe District" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCode="BR000000933669" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FFFA973E5CBF18A9FE146DA7" box="[189,406,1454,1480]" name="Madagascar" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5DBB18A9FBFC6DA7" bold="true" box="[441,1150,1454,1480]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFFA973E5DBB18A9FD536DA7" box="[441,721,1454,1480]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFFA973E5EDD18A9FC0C6DA7" box="[735,910,1454,1480]" country="Madagascar" name="Diana Region" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Diana Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5F9918A9FBFC6DA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5F9918A9FBFC6DA7" box="[923,1150,1454,1480]" country="Madagascar" name="Ambilobe District" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">Ambilobe District</location>
</emphasis>
• 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E589518A9FA8F6DA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E589518A9FA8F6DA7" box="[1175,1293,1454,1480]" country="Madagascar" name="Ankarana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">Ankarana</location>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E591818A9FEDB6D83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E591818A9FEDB6D83" country="Madagascar" name="close to Mahamasina" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">close to Mahamasina</location>
; 
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<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5D6118D5FE1E6D83" box="[355,412,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="82.0">82 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
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<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E5DE518D5FD066D83" box="[487,644,1490,1516]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="1999-05-27">27 May 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr; 
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<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5EB318D4FCA26D83" box="[689,800,1490,1516]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">De Block</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5F2818D4FC376D83" box="[810,949,1491,1516]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Rapanarivo</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5FDA18D5FB3B6D83" box="[984,1209,1490,1516]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Randriamboavonjy</collectorName>
1048
</emphasis>
; 
<typeStatus id="54808861FFFA973E590A18D5FAF16D83" box="[1288,1395,1490,1516]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5CBF18F1FF666E7F" box="[189,228,1526,1552]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">BR</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DB9D9EB8FFFA973E5CF018F2FE516E7F" box="[242,467,1525,1552]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">BR000000933669</specimenCode>
]; isotypes: BR[BR000000855054], K, MO, P, TAN
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973E5CBF1B3FFE596E3D" blockId="61.[189,475,1592,1618]" box="[189,475,1592,1618]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFFA973E5CBF1B3FFE596E3D" bold="true" box="[189,475,1592,1618]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5CBF1B3FFE596E3D" bold="true" box="[189,475,1592,1618]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Other material studied</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFFA973D5CBF1B60FEDB6905" blockId="61.[189,1399,1639,2025]" lastBlockId="62.[189,1399,265,363]" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E5CBF1B60FE936EA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276833" collectingDate="1963-04-23" collectionCode="BR, TEF" collectorName="Capuron" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" location="plateau calcaire de l'Ankarana" municipality="Mahamasina" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FFFA973E5CBF1B60FE1B6EEE" box="[189,409,1639,1665]" name="Madagascar" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5DBC1B60FB1A6EEE" bold="true" box="[446,1176,1639,1665]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFFA973E5DBC1B60FD5E6EEE" box="[446,732,1639,1665]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFFFA973E5EEF1B60FB1A6EEE" box="[749,1176,1639,1665]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Diana Region, Ambilobe District</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
• 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E58B51B60FEF36ECA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E58B51B60FEF36ECA" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" municipality="Mahamasina" name="plateau calcaire de l'Ankarana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">plateau calcaire de l’Ankarana</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FFFA973E5D801B8BFDF26ECA" box="[386,624,1675,1702]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">W de Mahamasina</locationDeviation>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5E7D1B8CFCD26ECA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5E7D1B8CFCD26ECA" box="[639,848,1675,1701]" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" municipality="Mahamasina" name="Antanatsimanaja" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana Province">Antanatsimanaja</location>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E5F621B8CFB8B6ECA" box="[864,1033,1675,1701]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="1963-04-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E5F621B8CFB8B6ECA" box="[864,1033,1675,1701]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="1963-04-23">23 Apr. 1963</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E58461B8CFAB06ECA" box="[1092,1330,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E58461B8CFB2D6ECA" box="[1092,1199,1675,1701]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Capuron</collectorName>
22674-SF
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E59451B8BFAF06EC9" box="[1351,1394,1676,1702]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">BR</collectionCode>
, P, 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5CDE1BB7FE936EA5" box="[220,273,1712,1738]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" name="Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rural" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="Herbarium">TEF</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E5D2F1BA8FC5D6F7E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276779" collectingDate="2002-01-16" collectionCode="BR, MO, TAN" collectorName="De Block &amp; Rakotonasolo &amp; Randriamboavonjy" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" location="tsingy" municipality="Ankarana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FFFA973E5D2F1BA8FE276EA6" box="[301,421,1711,1737]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Ankarana</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5DB11BA8FE7C6EA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5DB11BA8FE7C6EA6" box="[435,510,1711,1737]" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" municipality="Ankarana" name="tsingy" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana">tsingy</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FFFA973E5E0E1BB7FBAB6E82" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
ca 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5E331BA8FDED6EA6" box="[561,623,1711,1737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
NE of Mahamasina, not part of Ankarana PN, on right side of road (going towards Antsiranana) at the second bridge from Mahamasina
</locationDeviation>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E58341BD4FB506E82" box="[1078,1234,1747,1773]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2002-01-16">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E58341BD4FB506E82" box="[1078,1234,1747,1773]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2002-01-16">16 Jan. 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E59031BD3FD306F7E" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E59031BD3FAF06E82" box="[1281,1394,1747,1773]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">De Block</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5CBC1BF0FEE36F7E" box="[190,353,1783,1809]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5D891BF0FDED6F7E" box="[395,623,1783,1809]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Randriamboavonjy</collectorName>
1252
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5EC11BF0FD6F6F7E" box="[707,749,1783,1809]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">BR</collectionCode>
, G, K, 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5F451BF0FCF86F7E" box="[839,890,1783,1809]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P, 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5FA61BF0FC5D6F7E" box="[932,991,1783,1809]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E5FF81BF0FF666F12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276330" collectingDate="2005-07-04" collectionCode="CNARP, MO, TAN" collectorName="Leopold &amp; Razafitsalama &amp; Guittou &amp; Ndaza &amp; Tsimihetibe" country="Madagascar" county="Tanambao-Marivorahona" elevation="65" location="Tanambao-Marivorahona" municipality="Betsimiranjana" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFFFA973E5FF81BF0FAA96F7E" box="[1018,1323,1783,1809]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanambao-Marivorahona</collectingCounty>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FFFA973E593A1BF0FB9D6F5A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E593A1BF0FAF56F7E" box="[1336,1399,1783,1810]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
E du hameau Betsimiranjana, au lieu dit Andohanantsohihy, partie sud
</locationDeviation>
; 
<elevation id="0016D1F0FFFA973E582F1A1CFB326F5A" box="[1069,1200,1819,1846]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="65.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E582F1A1CFBEE6F5A" box="[1069,1132,1819,1846]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="65.0">65 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E58C21A1CFACE6F59" box="[1216,1356,1819,1846]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2005-07-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E58C21A1CFACE6F59" box="[1216,1356,1819,1846]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2005-07-04">4 Jul. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5CBF1A38FC226F36" box="[189,928,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5CBF1A38FEA36F36" box="[189,289,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Leopold</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5D2C1A38FE5B6F36" box="[302,473,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Razafitsalama</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5DE41A38FDC26F36" box="[486,576,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Guittou</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5E6B1A38FD376F36" box="[617,693,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Ndaza</collectorName>
dit 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5EE41A38FCEF6F36" box="[742,877,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tsimihetibe</collectorName>
112
</emphasis>
; CNARP 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFFA973E581E1A38FBCA6F36" box="[1052,1096,1855,1881]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="variety">n.v.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, MO n.v., P online, TAN n.v
</materialsCitation>
. • 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E5D071A65FBFC6FCE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276347" collectingDate="2005-07-16" collectionCode="BR, MO" collectorName="Rakotondrafara &amp; Rakotonandrasana &amp; Randrianaivo &amp; Leopold &amp; Bezara &amp; Benjara" country="Madagascar" county="Marivorahona" elevation="40" location="Andohan'Antsoha" municipality="Betsimiranja" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFFFA973E5D071A65FE306F13" box="[261,434,1890,1916]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Marivorahona</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FFFA973E5DBD1A65FDD96F13" box="[447,603,1890,1916]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Betsimiranja</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5E641A65FCC76F13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5E641A65FCC76F13" box="[614,837,1890,1916]" country="Madagascar" county="Marivorahona" municipality="Betsimiranja" name="Andohan'Antsoha" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Andohan’Antsoha</location>
; 
<elevation id="0016D1F0FFFA973E5F511A64FC566F13" box="[851,980,1890,1917]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="40.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E5F511A64FC136F12" box="[851,913,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E5FE11A65FBFF6F12" box="[995,1149,1890,1917]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2005-07-16">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E5FE11A65FBFF6F12" box="[995,1149,1890,1917]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2005-07-16">16 Jul. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E58B21A65FC646FCE" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E58B21A65FAF06F13" box="[1200,1394,1890,1916]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Rakotondrafara</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5CBF1A81FE206FCF" box="[189,418,1926,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Rakotonandrasana</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5DAD1A81FDD76FCF" box="[431,597,1926,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Randrianaivo</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5E611A81FD456FCF" box="[611,711,1926,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Leopold</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5ED71A80FCAB6FCF" box="[725,809,1927,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Bezara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5F531A80FC336FCF" box="[849,945,1927,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Benjara</collectorName>
310
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5FF51A80FBA36FCE" box="[1015,1057,1927,1953]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">BR</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E582D1A80FBE06FCE" box="[1071,1122,1927,1953]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973E58981A81FBA46FAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276418" collectingDate="2002-01-11" collectingDateMax="2002-01-14" collectingDateMin="2002-01-11" collectionCode="UPS" collectorName="Razafimandimbison &amp; Andrianatoanina" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" location="Ankarana RS" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E58981A81FABC6FCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E58981A81FABC6FCE" box="[1178,1342,1926,1953]" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Region, Ambilobe District" name="Ankarana RS" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Ankarana RS</location>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E59491A80FEE26FAA" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2002-01-11" valueMax="2002-01-14" valueMin="2002-01-11">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E59491A80FEE26FAA" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2002-01-11" valueMax="2002-01-14" valueMin="2002-01-11">11– 14 Jan. 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl, fr; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E5DBB1AADFC5A6FAB" box="[441,984,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5DBB1AADFD256FAB" box="[441,679,1962,1988]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Razafimandimbison</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFFA973E5ED01AADFC226FAB" box="[722,928,1962,1988]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Andrianatoanina</collectorName>
466
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFFA973E5FE91AACFBA46FAA" box="[1003,1062,1963,1989]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15542" name="Uppsala University, Museum of Evolution, Botany Section (Fytoteket)" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="Herbarium">UPS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFFA973D584C1AADFC3F694C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276807" collectingDate="2004-03-09" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Gautier &amp; Wohlhauser &amp; Nusbaumer &amp; Ranirison" country="Madagascar" county="Sava Region, Vohemar District" elevation="120" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" location="Daraina" municipality="Daraina" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFFA973E584C1AADFE9F6F87" bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFFFA973E584C1AADFE9F6F87" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Sava Region, Vohemar District</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
• commune 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FFFA973E5DB01AC9FD906F87" box="[434,530,1998,2024]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Daraina</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5E1C1AC9FDFC6F87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5E1C1AC9FDFC6F87" box="[542,638,1998,2024]" country="Madagascar" county="Sava Region, Vohemar District" municipality="Daraina" name="Daraina" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Daraina</location>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFFA973E5E891AC9FBBA6F87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFFA973E5E891AC9FBBA6F87" box="[651,1080,1998,2024]" country="Madagascar" county="Sava Region, Vohemar District" municipality="Daraina" name="foret de Solaniampilana-Maroadabo" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Antsiranana">forêt de Solaniampilana-Maroadabo</location>
; 
<elevation id="0016D1F0FFFA973E58461AC9FB526F87" box="[1092,1232,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="120.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFFA973E58461AC9FB0D6F86" box="[1092,1167,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFFA973E58DC1AC9FAF06F87" box="[1246,1394,1998,2025]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2004-03-09">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFFA973E58DC1AC9FAF06F87" box="[1246,1394,1998,2025]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" value="2004-03-09">9 Mar. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5CE21C0EFCDE694C" box="[224,860,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5CE21C0EFEBF694C" box="[224,317,265,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Gautier</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5D4E1C0EFE59694C" box="[332,475,265,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Wohlhauser</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5DEB1C0EFDF1694C" box="[489,627,265,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Nusbaumer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5E9D1C0DFC94694C" box="[671,790,266,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ranirison</collectorName>
4526
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFF9973D5F6C1C0DFC1B694B" box="[878,921,266,292]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">BR</collectionCode>
, G
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFF9973D5FDE1C0DFED76905" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276815" collectingDate="2004-03-16" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Gautier &amp; Wohlhauser &amp; Nusbaumer &amp; Ranirison" country="Madagascar" county="Daraina" elevation="140" location="foret d'Ambohitsitondroina" municipality="Daraina" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
commune 
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFFF9973D585E1C0EFB3C694C" box="[1116,1214,265,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Daraina</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FFF9973D58CF1C0EFAAD694C" box="[1229,1327,265,291]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Daraina</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE46018FFF9973D593C1C0EFE4B6928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFFA97435E2A1E85FDA36A08:8EE46018FFF9973D593C1C0EFE4B6928" country="Madagascar" county="Daraina" municipality="Daraina" name="foret d'Ambohitsitondroina" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Antsiranana">forêt d’Ambohitsitondroina</location>
; 
<elevation id="0016D1F0FFF9973D5DD41C2AFDE76928" box="[470,613,301,327]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="140.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5DD41C2AFDA06928" box="[470,546,301,327]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="FF851003FFF9973D5E761C2BFC986928" box="[628,794,300,327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2004-03-16">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFF9973D5E761C2BFC986928" box="[628,794,300,327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2004-03-16">16 Mar. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr; 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5F4E1C2AFF7A6905" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5F4E1C2AFC2A6928" box="[844,936,301,327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Gautier</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D5FB41C2AFBC16928" box="[950,1091,301,327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Wohlhauser</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D58521C2AFB5B6928" box="[1104,1241,301,327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Nusbaumer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFF9973D59031C2AFAF46929" box="[1281,1398,301,326]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ranirison</collectorName>
4597
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFF9973D5D051C56FEB36904" box="[263,305,337,363]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">BR</collectionCode>
, G
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFF9973D5CBF1C95FED26E43" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1C95FECC69C3" blockId="62.[189,334,402,428]" box="[189,334,402,428]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFF9973D5CBF1C95FECC69C3" bold="true" box="[189,334,402,428]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5CBF1C95FECC69C3" bold="true" box="[189,334,402,428]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1CC6FED26E43" blockId="62.[187,1401,449,1580]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Shrub or small tree, 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5DAD1CC6FD9369B3" box="[431,529,449,476]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="3.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–6 m</quantity>
tall; pubescence tawny to reddish brown. Young shoots brown to reddish brown, densely covered with long erect hairs; older branches brown to reddish brown, flaking, glabrous. Petioles 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D261F0FFE286A4C" box="[292,426,520,547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.2 cm</quantity>
long, densely covered with long erect hairs. Leaf blades ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, 11.5–21 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5DA51F2BFD916A29" box="[423,531,556,583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5–11 cm</quantity>
, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, drying blackish brown above and dark brown below, upper surface glossy and sparsely to moderately covered with long erect hairs (more densely pubescent on midrib and secondary veins), lower surface densely covered with long erect hairs; base obtuse, rounded, unequal or somewhat cordate; tip shortly acuminate with acumen 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D58C41F90FAB16ADE" box="[1222,1331,663,689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.3">0.3–1 cm</quantity>
long; domatia absent; 8–16 secondary veins on each side of midrib, somewhat raised above, raised below; higher order venation inconspicuous on both surfaces. Stipules ovate or broadly ovate with needle-like awn, keeled, outer surface densely covered with long erect hairs at the base and along the midrib, elsewhere sparsely pubescent or glabrous, inner surface sparsely covered with short appressed hairs and with row of colleters at the base, margin ciliate; sheath 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5ED51E4EFCC76B0C" box="[727,837,841,867]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2 cm</quantity>
long, awn 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5FC51E4EFBAB6B0C" box="[967,1065,841,867]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 mm</quantity>
long. Inflorescences sessile, 4–10 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D141E6BFEFD6BE8" box="[278,383,876,903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="5.0">5–13 cm</quantity>
, with numerous flowers; inflorescence parts densely covered with long erect hairs; first order axes 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D421E97FE1A6BC4" box="[320,408,912,939]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 cm</quantity>
long; branchings often subopposite with bracts displaced 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D584B1E97FB296BC4" box="[1097,1195,912,939]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 mm</quantity>
above branching point; higher order bracts with stipular parts reduced or absent and foliar parts narrowly triangular, up to 10(–15) mm long or rarely leaf-like, up to 1 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5F0E1ED0FCDC6B9D" box="[780,862,983,1010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
long; bracteoles on pedicel somewhat below ovary, subopposite, stipular parts absent, foliar parts linear, 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5F691EFCFC496C7A" box="[875,971,1019,1046]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
long, tips acute. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D261919FE066C56" box="[292,388,1054,1081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.0">0–5 mm</quantity>
long in flowering stage (central flower in triad often sessile), 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D58521918FB426C56" box="[1104,1216,1055,1081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="0.0">0–12 mm</quantity>
long in fruiting stage. Calyx densely covered with long erect hairs outside; tube 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5FBA1945FBB26C32" box="[952,1072,1090,1117]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, inner surface densely covered with long appressed hairs; lobes oblong to triangular, 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5FA01961FB866CEF" box="[930,1028,1126,1152]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
long, inner surface moderately to sparsely covered with appressed hairs, tips acute. Corolla tube 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5FC0198EFBB36CCB" box="[962,1073,1161,1188]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
long, inner surface densely covered with long spreading hairs in upper half; lobes 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5F3819AAFC196CA8" box="[826,923,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long. Anthers ca 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D586519AAFB296CA8" box="[1127,1195,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long, completely exserted or basal part (ca 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5DED19D6FDB66C84" box="[495,564,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long) included in corolla tube at anthesis; filaments 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D58A619D6FAB16C84" box="[1188,1331,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
long. Ovary 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D0C19F3FE056D60" box="[270,391,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, very densely covered with long erect hairs; per locule (1–)2–4 ovules arranged at periphery of placenta attached to middle of septum. Style and stigma 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D581E181FFB1E6D5D" box="[1052,1180,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="15.0">15–19 mm</quantity>
long, exserted for 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5CBC183CFEA06D39" box="[190,290,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
; style densely covered with long erect hairs for 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5F5A183CFC386D39" box="[856,954,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
below papillate zone; stigmatic lobes 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5CBF1858FEA36D15" box="[189,289,1375,1402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
long. Fruits ovoid, faintly ribbed longitudinally and glossy (when dried), ca 10 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D59091858FAF06D15" box="[1291,1394,1375,1402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
, moderately covered with long erect hairs; fruit wall thin, with sclerified vascular bundles; pyrenes hemiovoid, ca 9 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5D5F18A1FE386DAE" box="[349,442,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
, crustaceous, with rounded or truncate base, acuminate tip, small adaxial opening somewhat below the middle and faint longitudinal central ridge running from the apex to the top of the adaxial opening and continuing into a longitudinal depression below it. Seeds 2–6(–8) per fruit, 3.5–4.5 × 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5CB91B16FECE6E43" box="[187,332,1553,1580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFF9973D5CBF1B54FCDF6EAF" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1B54FED46E02" blockId="62.[189,342,1619,1645]" box="[189,342,1619,1645]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFF9973D5CBF1B54FED46E02" bold="true" box="[189,342,1619,1645]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5CBF1B54FED46E02" bold="true" box="[189,342,1619,1645]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1B85FCDF6EAF" blockId="62.[189,1398,1666,1728]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Endemic to northern 
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FFF9973D5DBF1B85FDCD6EF3" box="[445,591,1666,1692]" name="Madagascar" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from Ambilobe District, Diana Region, and Vohemar District, Sava Region (
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFF9973D5DCB1BA2FD486EAF" box="[457,714,1701,1728]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFF9973D5EE11BA2FCD26EAF" box="[739,848,1701,1728]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="88.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[390,1182,270,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-11@88.[363,1224,265,1712]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution maps of Malagasy species of Paracephaelis. A. P. aristata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. bardotiae De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. capitulifera De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. gautieri De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. grandifructa De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). B. P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block (black dot). C. P. longipedicellata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. orientalis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. pauciflora De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. ranirisonii De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. seyrigii De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). D. P. russata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. sambavensis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block (green dot), P. sericea (Arènes) De Block (red dot), and P. tiliacea Baill. (yellow dot)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358868/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 23D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFF9973D5CBF1BE0FC2A6F3B" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1BE0FE5E6F6E" blockId="62.[189,476,1767,1793]" box="[189,476,1767,1793]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFF9973D5CBF1BE0FE5E6F6E" bold="true" box="[189,476,1767,1793]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5CBF1BE0FE5E6F6E" bold="true" box="[189,476,1767,1793]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Habitat and phenology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1A11FC2A6F3B" blockId="62.[189,1399,1814,1877]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Low-elevation dry deciduous or semi-deciduous forest; on limestone or limestone covered with sand; elev. 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5CF91A3DFEF66F3B" box="[251,372,1850,1877]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="95.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="40.0">
40– 
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFFF9973D5D2A1A3DFEF66F3B" box="[296,372,1850,1877]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic">150 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Flowers: January–March; Fruits: January–July.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFF997435CBF1A7CFDA36A08" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF9973D5CBF1A7CFDAF6FF9" blockId="62.[189,557,1915,1942]" box="[189,557,1915,1942]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFF9973D5CBF1A7CFDAF6FF9" bold="true" box="[189,557,1915,1942]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF9973D5CBF1A7CFDAF6FF9" bold="true" box="[189,557,1915,1942]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Provisional IUCN assessment</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFF997435CBF1AACFDA36A08" blockId="62.[189,1399,1963,2025]" lastBlockId="64.[188,1400,265,615]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Endangered: EN B1ab(iii) B2ab(iii). This assessment is based on seven herbarium specimens, collected between 1963 and 2005. The EOO is estimated to be 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF9973D5F461AC9FC226F87" box="[836,928,1998,2024]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.27" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="km" value="627.0">627 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4E9B8BFFF9973D5FA21AC9FC2B6FB3" attach="left" box="[928,937,1998,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">2</superScript>
, which complies with the Endangered category under criterion B1. The AOO is estimated to be 
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFF8973C5F431C0EFC0A694C" box="[833,904,265,291]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4E9B8BFFF8973C5F8A1C0FFC126979" attach="left" box="[904,912,264,278]" fontSize="6" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">2</superScript>
, which also complies with the Endangered category under criterion B2. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFF8973C5E231C2BFCB26929" authority="Block, 2022" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[545,816,300,326]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="russata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFF8973C5E231C2BFCB26929" box="[545,816,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paracephaelis russata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFF8973C5F381C2AFC146928" box="[826,918,301,327]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known from five locations, which is the upper limit for the Endangered category under subcriterion ‘a’ of criterion B2. Three of the 
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFFF8973C59311C57FEBB69E3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
are found in the Ankarana Special Reserve (1 location), two are found in different forests of the Loky-Manambato New Protected Area (2 locations) and 
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFFF8973C5FA81C91FBE469DF" box="[938,1126,406,432]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
were collected outside protected areas (2 locations). The main threat to the species is loss of habitat as a result of anthropogenic factors. This loss of habitat even takes place inside the protected areas. In the Loky-Manambato New Protected Area, an archipelago of forests of different size and different ecology (dry, humid, lowland, montane; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF8797435D361C56FDCE6904" author="Nusbaumer L. &amp; Ranirison P. &amp; Gautier L. &amp; Chatelain C. &amp; Loizeau P. - A. &amp; Spichiger R." box="[308,588,337,363]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="253 - 264" refId="ref69593" refString="Nusbaumer L., Ranirison P., Gautier L., Chatelain C., Loizeau P. - A. &amp; Spichiger R. 2010. Loky- Manambato: point de rencontre des principales unites phytogeographiques de Madagascar. In: van der Burgt X., van der Maesen J. &amp; Onana J. - M. (eds) Systematique et Conservation des Plantes Africaines: 253 - 264. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew." type="book chapter" year="2010">
Nusbaumer 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF8797435DC41C55FD816904" box="[454,515,337,363]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
), natural vegetation is lost by conversion into fields for subsistence farming, bushfires, and traditional gold mining. Furthermore, there is logging for timber and charcoal, extraction of natural resources, and hunting (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF8797435ECD1C9EFC5869DC" author="Rakotondravony H. A." box="[719,986,409,435]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="52 - 65" refId="ref70032" refString="Rakotondravony H. A. 2009. Reptiles, amphibiens et gradient altitudinal dans la region de Daraina, extreme nord-est de Madagascar. Malagasy Nature 2: 52 - 65. Available from http: // www. vahatra. mg / volume 2 / mn 02 _ 03. pdf [accessed 1 Jul. 2021]." type="journal article" year="2009">Rakotondravony 2009</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF8797435FE51C9EFB7969DC" author="Nusbaumer L. &amp; Ranirison P. &amp; Gautier L. &amp; Chatelain C. &amp; Loizeau P. - A. &amp; Spichiger R." box="[999,1275,409,435]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="253 - 264" refId="ref69593" refString="Nusbaumer L., Ranirison P., Gautier L., Chatelain C., Loizeau P. - A. &amp; Spichiger R. 2010. Loky- Manambato: point de rencontre des principales unites phytogeographiques de Madagascar. In: van der Burgt X., van der Maesen J. &amp; Onana J. - M. (eds) Systematique et Conservation des Plantes Africaines: 253 - 264. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew." type="book chapter" year="2010">
Nusbaumer 
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF87974358751C9EFB3069DC" box="[1143,1202,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
). All these factors also play an important role in habitat destruction in the Ankarana Special Reserve, although mining there is for sapphires (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF8797435E211CE7FCC96994" author="Nicoll M. E. &amp; Langrand O." box="[547,843,480,507]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref69502" refString="Nicoll M. E. &amp; Langrand O. 1989. Madagascar: Revue de la Conservation et des Aires protegees. World Wide Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland." type="book" year="1989">Nicoll &amp; Langrand 1989</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF8797435F5B1CE7FB316994" author="Cardiff S. G. &amp; Befourouack J." box="[857,1203,480,507]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="571 - 584" refId="ref66289" refString="Cardiff S. G. &amp; Befourouack J. 2008. La Reserve speciale de l'Ankarana. In: Goodman S. M. (ed.) Paysages naturels et Biodiversite de Madagascar: 571 - 584. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, WWF, Paris." type="book chapter" year="2008">
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&amp; Befourouack 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). Because of the above-mentioned facts, we infer a reduction in the extent and quality of the habitat of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FF87974358A11F02FA976A71" authority="Block, 2022" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[1187,1301,517,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="russata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF87974358A11F02FA976A71" box="[1187,1301,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. russata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFF879743591E1F02FAF46A70" box="[1308,1398,517,543]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
This fact, in combination with the low EOO, low AOO and the low number of locations, qualifies the species for Endangered status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>