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111 lines
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<mods:title id="5A9DCA2F3AD12AD8AC384B3C282AECFF">The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="09ABD4F8786556F97C849D8B5416E178">Gibbs, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="930648447DE3220BD252563EE40EEAD6">Ascher, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8722FD581419C5442E61AE6E1EFA040F">Rightmyer, Molly G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="83579AFFC7107E151A7D4CF203990111">Isaacs, Rufus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1CB9E0173F633A7DF23AB841F18CD484">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3C67D59DD08C9CFC158AE47E1AC4836F">2017-11-21</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0392879B7338AB6A43D5FBC8FACEFB78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6002994" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137467087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6002994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392879B7338AB6A43D5FBC8FACEFB78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392879B7338AB6A43D5FBC8FACEFB78" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C32165067338AB6A43D5FBC8FD9AFBA9" box="[151,526,1048,1074]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7338AB6A43D5FBC8FD9AFBA9" blockId="77.[151,526,1048,1074]" box="[151,526,1048,1074]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0CC81E17338AB6A43D5FBC8FD9AFBA9" bold="true" box="[151,526,1048,1074]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A43D5FBC8FD9AFBA9" bold="true" box="[151,526,1048,1074]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D0E7338AB6A4255FBC8FD9AFBA9" authority="Robertson" authorityName="Robertson" box="[279,526,1048,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Dialictus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A4255FBC8FE10FBA9" bold="true" box="[279,388,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Dialictus</emphasis>
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Robertson
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32165067338AB6A43D5FB8EFD46FBEC" box="[151,722,1118,1143]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7338AB6A43D5FB8EFD46FBEC" blockId="77.[151,1436,1118,1251]" box="[151,722,1118,1143]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A43D5FB8EFE89FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,285,1118,1143]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Taxonomy:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A4266FB8EFE54FBEC" author="Gibbs" box="[292,448,1118,1143]" firstAuthor="Gibbs" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref88438" refString="Gibbs, J. (2010 b) Revision of the metallic species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) in Canada (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Halictini). Zootaxa, 2591, 1 - 382." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">
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Gibbs (2010
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A42F0FB8EFE54FBEC" author="b" box="[434,448,1118,1143]" firstAuthor="b" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1153 - 1161" refId="ref82355" refString="Artz, D. R. & Nault, B. A. (2011) Performance of Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens, and Peponapis pruinosa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) as pollinators of pumpkin. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104, 1153 - 1161. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / ec 10431" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 2011);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A4158FB8EFD5AFBEC" author="Mitchell" box="[538,718,1118,1143]" firstAuthor="Mitchell" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref96571" refString="Mitchell, T. B. (1960) Bees of the Eastern United States: volume I. N. C. Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bulletin, 141, 1 - 538." type="book chapter" year="1960">Mitchell (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32165067338AB6A4385FB52FACEFB78" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7338AB6A4385FB52FACEFB78" blockId="77.[151,1436,1118,1251]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A4385FB52FEB3FB00" bold="true" box="[199,295,1154,1179]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Biology.</emphasis>
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Most species are expected to be primitively eusocial ground-nesters (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A4700FB52FABBFB00" author="Danforth" box="[1090,1327,1154,1179]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Danforth" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref86569" refString="Danforth, B. N., Conway, L. & Ji, S. (2003) Phylogeny of eusocial Lasioglossum reveals multiple losses of eusociality within a primitively eusocial clade of bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Systematic Biology, 52, 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 10635150309355" type="journal article" year="2003">
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Danforth
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A47F0FB54FB7FFB00" box="[1202,1259,1154,1179]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A467EFB52FE90FB24" author="Gibbs" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gibbs" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="926 - 939" refId="ref88660" refString="Gibbs, J., Brady, S. G., Kanda, K. & Danforth, B. N. (2012 b) Phylogeny of halictine bees supports a shared origin of eusociality for Halictus and Lasioglossum (Apoidea: Anthophila: Halictidae). Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 65, 926 - 939. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2012.08.013" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="b">
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Gibbs
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7338AB6A46CAFB54FF20FB24" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
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2012b
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</bibRefCitation>
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), but there are a number of exceptions (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A41F9FB77FCD9FB24" author="Knerer" box="[699,845,1190,1215]" firstAuthor="Knerer" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="925 - 930" refId="ref91643" refString="Knerer, G. (1969) Synergistic evolution of halictine nest architecture and social behavior. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 925 - 930. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 151" type="journal article" year="1969">Knerer 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A4015FB76FC70FB24" author="Packer" box="[855,996,1190,1215]" firstAuthor="Packer" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="309 - 313" refId="ref98081" refString="Packer, L. (1994) Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tenax (Sandhouse) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) as a solitary sweat bee. Insectes Sociaux, 41, 309 - 313. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01242302" type="journal article" year="1994">Packer 1994</bibRefCitation>
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) and categorization of an entire species can be problematic (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7338AB6A4239FB1AFD9BFB78" author="Wcislo" box="[379,527,1226,1251]" firstAuthor="Wcislo" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref105555" refString="Wcislo, W. T. (1997) Invasion of nests of Lasioglossum imitatum by a social parasite, Paralictus asteris (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Ethology, 103, 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0310.1997. tb 00001. x" type="journal article" year="1997">Wcislo 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Only a small fraction have had their nesting biology studied in any detail.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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