270 lines
41 KiB
XML
270 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="8E6428106B8CD3B9F94188A98EA11A4C" ID-CLB-Dataset="8703" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4825.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ab5f5c8-481e-4d1a-8643-21e72c367278" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4402145" ID-ZooBank="F230F199-1C94-4E2E-9CE4-5F56212C015F" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609341789210" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schileyko, Arkady A., Vahtera, Varpu & Edgecombe, Gregory D." docDate="2020" docId="03DE092DFFDBD721FF13FD37293CDCC9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4825.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4825 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Otostigmus (Otostigmus) Porat 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFE77155FFF2D70AFF84FFE12D45DC1F" masterDocTitle="An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698852004925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="708DE44744896A37215B5D08623F7659" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BDBAD7C519EEAD13D54B43C1CDF9FB84">
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<mods:title id="63EBE65F7EFF7A27331753CF9A650959">An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E656667A4E93E23DB6F96429ABBD1DC1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D7C3B821846C6030406C86D3562D2859">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BAA69067311EADC7A9ECADEA226EFE65">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="53C6E70AAB68E923C2DD06D63938BD5E">Schileyko, Arkady A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B6B72A9E30B85D33E3C39F8413DF642" type="email">schileyko1965@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="B07325F3628414DA140F677A78A5D010" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D9E28DA9A917AEE03865B387DC42BBEF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FFE47C5FC757A9F0A0F39E2A4219215F">Vahtera, Varpu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="07B57CB1A26794D6BE074EA0AB53AC99" type="email">varpu.vahtera@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="57911B9210EDD7A74CB78017D6CE7F87" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="34F227DC4137843E0825CCABCBC0B6EB">Edgecombe, Gregory D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0AD60645C688F3879D414AD899949BB5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9591-8011</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="61D8A35201E4D1AEB39271D821DEDECC" type="email">schileyko1965@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="956DC83849C04D89B13C71F90CAF5458">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="505B59792804776BDC1A106752336A16">
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<mods:title id="B3A1E7E587FF2FA56A527E0A63FBF68A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="99444531647A2CD98C41D68C892DBC4F">
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<mods:date id="22E0F9B26090916F74566128D59DEF2F">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="06A0ECFC488ECB4F5162DCCB7BD6D319">2020-08-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="93DFC7DFAD8E1FDDC3CD292E9471B394">4825</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DE092DFFDBD721FF13FD37293CDCC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4457005" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177020732" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4457005" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE092DFFDBD721FF13FD37293CDCC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE092DFFDBD721FF13FD37293CDCC9" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF13FD372C2DDF0A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
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<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF13FD372FC5DEEF" box="[151,640,726,753]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF13FD372FC5DEEF" blockId="41.[151,640,726,789]" box="[151,640,726,753]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF13FD372FC5DEEF" bold="true" box="[151,640,726,753]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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(!)
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<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FF38FD362FC5DEEF" ID-CoL="63HMT" authority="(Otostigmus) Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" baseAuthorityName="Otostigmus" box="[188,640,726,753]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Otostigmus">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF38FD362C00DEEE" bold="true" box="[188,325,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FED2FD362C9ADEEE" bold="true" box="[342,479,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
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) Porat, 1876
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF13FD1A2C2DDF0A" box="[151,360,763,789]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF13FD1A2C2DDF0A" blockId="41.[151,640,726,789]" box="[151,360,763,789]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FF13FD1A2C53DF0A" box="[151,278,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–83" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-19@42.[151,1436,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 78–83. Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1934.2.15.151–154 78 LBS 21 ventrally; Asanada indica Jangi & Dass, 1984; Smaller ad. Rc 7484 79 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Asanada brevicornis Meinert, 1886; BMNH 1889.7.15.21–23 80 apical part of maxilla 2 dorso-laterally; Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1899.7.4.85–86 81 LBS 20–21 and ultimate legs dorsally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens Haase, 1887; Ad. Rc 7510 82 right pleuron of LBS 3 laterally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6747 83 left side of ultimate LBS + right ultimate leg medially; (an)—antenna, (cx)—coxopleuron, (f)—ultimate femur, (im)—intersclerite membrane, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pts)—non enlarged ultimate pretarsus, (s)—open spiracle with atrium, (su)—spines of ultimate prefemur, (T1)—tergite 1, (t1)—tarsus 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (ti)—tibia, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402181/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 82, 83</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FEA6FD1A2C2DDF0A" box="[290,360,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–96" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,207,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[166,1421,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 89–96. Digitipes coonoorensis Jangi & Dass, 1984; Male CES 091088 89 femur of right ultimate leg medially; Digitipes sp.; Ad. Rc 7565 90 clypeal part of head ventrally 91 forcipular segment ventrally 92 LBS 13–15 ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6545 93 LBS 21 ventrally; Ad. Rc 6747 94 anterior part of head ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) astenus (Kohlrausch, 1881); MCZ DNA 102463 95 pretarsus of maxilla 2; Sad. Rc 7507 96 forcipular segment ventrally; (ap)—apical spines of coxopleural process, (as)—accessory spines, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular toothplate, (cl)—clypeus, (cx)—coxopleuron, (df)—conical distomedial process of ultimate femur, (f)—ultimate femur, (l)—labrum, (lc)—lateral spine of coxopleural process, (lsc)—sternal median longitudinal sulcus, (md)—medial longitudinal depression of ultimate femur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pd)—sternal posterior depression, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (psl)—sternal paramedian sulci, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402185/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">93–96</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF13FCA1295EDF49" box="[151,1051,831,854]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="type_taxon">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF13FCA1295EDF49" blockId="41.[151,1051,831,854]" box="[151,1051,831,854]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF13FCA12C59DF4A" bold="true" box="[151,284,831,853]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<typeStatus id="54CC0699FFDBD723FF13FCA12D8CDF4A" box="[151,201,832,853]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FEA6FCA12F20DF49" ID-CoL="4B7YX" authority="Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" box="[290,613,832,854]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FEA6FCA12CB5DF4A" box="[290,496,832,853]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus carinatus</emphasis>
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Porat, 1876
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</taxonomicName>
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(by subsequent designation of Pocock 1891).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF13FC642CCED830" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF13FC642CCED830" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
It should be noted that
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FE1BFC652F69DF81" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" box="[415,556,900,926]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FE1BFC652F69DF81" box="[415,556,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. carinatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been synonymised to
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<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FCDDFC652E8DDF81" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" box="[857,968,900,926]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaber">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FCDDFC652E8DDF81" box="[857,968,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. scaber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(described by Porat in the same paper of 1876) by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FE86FC492CB9DFDD" author="Kraepelin, K." box="[258,508,936,962]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 276" refId="ref48450" refString="Kraepelin, K. (1903) Revision der Scolopendriden. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Hamburg, 20 (2), 1 - 276." type="journal article" year="1903">Kraepelin (1903: 111)</bibRefCitation>
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. Also,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FDC3FC482E6DDFDC" author="Bonato, L. & Chagas-Junior, A. & Edgecombe, G. D. & Lewis, J. G. E. & Minelli, A. & Pereira, L. A. & Shelley, R. M. & Stoev, P. & Zapparoli, M." box="[583,808,936,963]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref45701" refString="Bonato, L., Chagas-Junior, A., Edgecombe, G. D., Lewis, J. G. E., Minelli, A., Pereira, L. A., Shelley, R. M., Stoev, P. & Zapparoli, M. (2016) ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Available from: http: // chilobase. biologia. unipd. it (accessed 2 August 2016)" type="url" year="2016">
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||
Bonato
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||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FD1BFC482F92DFDD" box="[671,727,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
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(2016)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
correctly mentioned that the
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||
<typeStatus id="54CC0699FFDBD723FBF4FC4829E5DFDC" box="[1136,1184,937,963]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
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||
species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FA99FC4928D8DFDD" box="[1309,1437,936,962]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FA99FC4928D8DFDD" box="[1309,1437,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A230D952FFDBD723FF13FC2C2C66DFF9" box="[151,291,972,999]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
was fixed by Pocock (1891: 229), but they erroneously wrote that the
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||
<typeStatus id="54CC0699FFDBD723FBB8FC2C2929DFF8" box="[1084,1132,973,999]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FB6EFC2D282FDFF9" box="[1258,1386,972,998]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FB6EFC2D282FDFF9" box="[1258,1386,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
was fixed by Attems[!] (1930: 229), whereas in fact Attems erroneously mentioned as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CC0699FFDBD723FBBDFC10292CD814" box="[1081,1129,1009,1035]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
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||
species
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FB43FC112D8AD831" authority="Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Cormocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FB43FC112816D815" box="[1223,1363,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. orientalis</emphasis>
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||
Porat, 1876
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(p. 129 therein).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF43FBD929FDD989" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43FBD929FDD989" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF43FBD92C07D84D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1080,1106]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Median tooth of labrum well developed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FC97FBD92E2DD84D" box="[787,872,1080,1106]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–96" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,207,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[166,1421,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 89–96. Digitipes coonoorensis Jangi & Dass, 1984; Male CES 091088 89 femur of right ultimate leg medially; Digitipes sp.; Ad. Rc 7565 90 clypeal part of head ventrally 91 forcipular segment ventrally 92 LBS 13–15 ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6545 93 LBS 21 ventrally; Ad. Rc 6747 94 anterior part of head ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) astenus (Kohlrausch, 1881); MCZ DNA 102463 95 pretarsus of maxilla 2; Sad. Rc 7507 96 forcipular segment ventrally; (ap)—apical spines of coxopleural process, (as)—accessory spines, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular toothplate, (cl)—clypeus, (cx)—coxopleuron, (df)—conical distomedial process of ultimate femur, (f)—ultimate femur, (l)—labrum, (lc)—lateral spine of coxopleural process, (lsc)—sternal median longitudinal sulcus, (md)—medial longitudinal depression of ultimate femur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pd)—sternal posterior depression, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (psl)—sternal paramedian sulci, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402185/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
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||
). Second article of telopodite of maxilla 2 with (in most species) or without dorsal distal spur; pretarsus with 1 or 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FCF0FBBD2E80D868" box="[884,965,1116,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–96" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,207,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[166,1421,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 89–96. Digitipes coonoorensis Jangi & Dass, 1984; Male CES 091088 89 femur of right ultimate leg medially; Digitipes sp.; Ad. Rc 7565 90 clypeal part of head ventrally 91 forcipular segment ventrally 92 LBS 13–15 ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6545 93 LBS 21 ventrally; Ad. Rc 6747 94 anterior part of head ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) astenus (Kohlrausch, 1881); MCZ DNA 102463 95 pretarsus of maxilla 2; Sad. Rc 7507 96 forcipular segment ventrally; (ap)—apical spines of coxopleural process, (as)—accessory spines, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular toothplate, (cl)—clypeus, (cx)—coxopleuron, (df)—conical distomedial process of ultimate femur, (f)—ultimate femur, (l)—labrum, (lc)—lateral spine of coxopleural process, (lsc)—sternal median longitudinal sulcus, (md)—medial longitudinal depression of ultimate femur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pd)—sternal posterior depression, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (psl)—sternal paramedian sulci, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402185/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
|
||
) accessory spines. Forcipular tooth-plates present, trochantero-prefemur with well-developed process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FCCEFB612EE4D884" box="[842,929,1152,1179]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–96" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,207,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[166,1421,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 89–96. Digitipes coonoorensis Jangi & Dass, 1984; Male CES 091088 89 femur of right ultimate leg medially; Digitipes sp.; Ad. Rc 7565 90 clypeal part of head ventrally 91 forcipular segment ventrally 92 LBS 13–15 ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6545 93 LBS 21 ventrally; Ad. Rc 6747 94 anterior part of head ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) astenus (Kohlrausch, 1881); MCZ DNA 102463 95 pretarsus of maxilla 2; Sad. Rc 7507 96 forcipular segment ventrally; (ap)—apical spines of coxopleural process, (as)—accessory spines, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular toothplate, (cl)—clypeus, (cx)—coxopleuron, (df)—conical distomedial process of ultimate femur, (f)—ultimate femur, (l)—labrum, (lc)—lateral spine of coxopleural process, (lsc)—sternal median longitudinal sulcus, (md)—medial longitudinal depression of ultimate femur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pd)—sternal posterior depression, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (psl)—sternal paramedian sulci, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402185/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 96</figureCitation>
|
||
). In a few species tergites with longitudinal keels (fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F15DEFFDBD723FE89FB452C03D8A1" box="[269,326,1188,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FEC8FB452F26D8A0" author="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P." box="[332,611,1188,1215]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="247 - 280" refId="ref50391" refString="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P. (2016) Scolopendromorpha of New Guinea and adjacent islands (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). Zootaxa, 4147 (3), 247 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4147.3.3" type="journal article" year="2016">Schileyko & Stoev 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Sternites with paramedian sutures (more rarely sulci) developed to varying degrees and, sometimes with median and paired lateral depressions. LBS 7 lacking spiracles, the latter in most species with deep atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FE3EFB0D2F4BD919" box="[442,526,1260,1286]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–83" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-19@42.[151,1436,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 78–83. Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1934.2.15.151–154 78 LBS 21 ventrally; Asanada indica Jangi & Dass, 1984; Smaller ad. Rc 7484 79 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Asanada brevicornis Meinert, 1886; BMNH 1889.7.15.21–23 80 apical part of maxilla 2 dorso-laterally; Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1899.7.4.85–86 81 LBS 20–21 and ultimate legs dorsally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens Haase, 1887; Ad. Rc 7510 82 right pleuron of LBS 3 laterally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6747 83 left side of ultimate LBS + right ultimate leg medially; (an)—antenna, (cx)—coxopleuron, (f)—ultimate femur, (im)—intersclerite membrane, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pts)—non enlarged ultimate pretarsus, (s)—open spiracle with atrium, (su)—spines of ultimate prefemur, (T1)—tergite 1, (t1)—tarsus 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (ti)—tibia, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402181/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs with tarsal spur(s) in the overwhelming majority of species. Posterior margin of male ultimate tergite without elongated projection. Coxopleural process in most species well-developed (if so, it is oriented caudad;
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FE37FAD52F43D951" box="[435,518,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–96" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,207,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[166,1421,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 89–96. Digitipes coonoorensis Jangi & Dass, 1984; Male CES 091088 89 femur of right ultimate leg medially; Digitipes sp.; Ad. Rc 7565 90 clypeal part of head ventrally 91 forcipular segment ventrally 92 LBS 13–15 ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6545 93 LBS 21 ventrally; Ad. Rc 6747 94 anterior part of head ventrally; Otostigmus (O.) astenus (Kohlrausch, 1881); MCZ DNA 102463 95 pretarsus of maxilla 2; Sad. Rc 7507 96 forcipular segment ventrally; (ap)—apical spines of coxopleural process, (as)—accessory spines, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular toothplate, (cl)—clypeus, (cx)—coxopleuron, (df)—conical distomedial process of ultimate femur, (f)—ultimate femur, (l)—labrum, (lc)—lateral spine of coxopleural process, (lsc)—sternal median longitudinal sulcus, (md)—medial longitudinal depression of ultimate femur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pd)—sternal posterior depression, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (psl)—sternal paramedian sulci, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402185/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
|
||
), with apical (in most species plus lateral and sometimes plus dorsal) spines; in a few species coxopleural process much reduced (figs
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F15DEFFDBD723FD5BFAB92E04D96D" box="[735,833,1368,1395]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51384" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="59.6">59, 60 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FCC3FAB92E8BD96D" author="Lewis, J. G. E." box="[839,974,1368,1394]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="388 - 413" refId="ref49112" refString="Lewis, J. G. E. (2014) A review of the orientalis group of the Otostigmus subgenus Otostigmus Porat, 1876 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae). Zootaxa, 3889 (3), 388 - 413. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3889.3.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Lewis 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Prefemur of the ultimate leg with spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FF24FA9D2DB4D989" box="[160,241,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–83" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-19@42.[151,1436,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 78–83. Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1934.2.15.151–154 78 LBS 21 ventrally; Asanada indica Jangi & Dass, 1984; Smaller ad. Rc 7484 79 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Asanada brevicornis Meinert, 1886; BMNH 1889.7.15.21–23 80 apical part of maxilla 2 dorso-laterally; Asanada sokotrana Pocock, 1899; BMNH 1899.7.4.85–86 81 LBS 20–21 and ultimate legs dorsally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens Haase, 1887; Ad. Rc 7510 82 right pleuron of LBS 3 laterally; Otostigmus (O.) multidens nordicus Schileyko, 1995; Ad. Rc 6747 83 left side of ultimate LBS + right ultimate leg medially; (an)—antenna, (cx)—coxopleuron, (f)—ultimate femur, (im)—intersclerite membrane, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pts)—non enlarged ultimate pretarsus, (s)—open spiracle with atrium, (su)—spines of ultimate prefemur, (T1)—tergite 1, (t1)—tarsus 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (ti)—tibia, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402181/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
|
||
) and with or without (more or less developed) corner spine, pretarsus well-developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD723FF43FA412F71D9C1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43FA412FECD9A5" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" box="[199,681,1440,1467]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF43FA412CECD9A5" bold="true" box="[199,425,1440,1466]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Number of species.</emphasis>
|
||
58 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FE5FFA412FD8D9A5" author="Lewis, J. G. E." box="[475,669,1440,1466]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="388 - 413" refId="ref49112" refString="Lewis, J. G. E. (2014) A review of the orientalis group of the Otostigmus subgenus Otostigmus Porat, 1876 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae). Zootaxa, 3889 (3), 388 - 413. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3889.3.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Lewis 2014: 388</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43FA252F71D9C1" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" box="[199,564,1476,1502]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF43FA252CF2D9C1" bold="true" box="[199,439,1476,1502]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFDBD721FF43FA09293CDCC9" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43FA09284BDA38" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FF43FA092C7EDA1D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1512,1538]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Treated as a subgenus in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FDD2FA092E49DA1D" author="Lewis, J. G. E." box="[598,780,1512,1538]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref48917" refString="Lewis, J. G. E. (2010 b) A revision of the rugulosus group of Otostigmus subgenus Otostigmus Porat, 1876 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae). Zootaxa, 2579 (1), 1 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2579.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Lewis (2010b: 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FC9DFA092EC9DA1D" author="Lewis, J. G. E." box="[793,908,1512,1538]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="388 - 413" refId="ref49112" refString="Lewis, J. G. E. (2014) A review of the orientalis group of the Otostigmus subgenus Otostigmus Porat, 1876 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae). Zootaxa, 3889 (3), 388 - 413. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3889.3.3" type="journal article" year="2014">2014: 388</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FC24FA092867DA1D" author="Edgecombe, G. D. & Bonato, L." box="[928,1314,1512,1539]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref47498" refString="Edgecombe, G. D. & Bonato, L. (2011) Chilopoda-taxonomic overview. Order Scolopendromorpha. In: Minelli, A. (Ed.), Treatise on Zoology-Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Myriapoda. Vol. 1. Brill, Leiden, pp. 392 - 407." type="book" year="2011">Edgecombe & Bonato (2011: 400)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FAA8FA092CC4DA38" author="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="247 - 280" refId="ref50391" refString="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P. (2016) Scolopendromorpha of New Guinea and adjacent islands (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). Zootaxa, 4147 (3), 247 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4147.3.3" type="journal article" year="2016">Schileyko & Stoev (2016: 253)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; the latter is the most recent morphological account on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FC6AF9ED284DDA38" authority="(Otostigmus)" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" baseAuthorityName="Otostigmus" box="[1006,1288,1548,1575]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Otostigmus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FC6AF9ED292BDA39" box="[1006,1134,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FBFAF9ED29BBDA39" box="[1150,1278,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43F9D02F3BDA8D" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
In the nominotypical subgenus the presence and number of the maxilla 2 spurs and accessory spines may be subject to both individual and interspecific variability, thus these characters cannot be used (alone) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FA99F9B528D8DA71" box="[1309,1437,1620,1646]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FA99F9B528D8DA71" box="[1309,1437,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for separating species as well as subgenera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD723FF43F97D2FCCDB91" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Traditionally the presence of both tergal keels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFDBD723FD62F97D2E7FDAA9" box="[742,826,1692,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–88" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1784,1808]" captionTargetBox="[186,1400,200,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[167,1420,181,1761]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 84–88. Alipes multicostis Imhoff, 1854; Live specimen CDT (photo by Dmitry Telnov) 84 general view dorsally; Alipes grandidieri Lucas, 1864; BMNH 1959.3.8 85 distal part of ultimate leg laterally; Alipes appendiculatus Pocock, 1896; BMNH1950.3.9.2 86 forcipular segment ventrally 87 LBS 4–10 dorsally; Alipes grandidieri Lucas, 1864; BMNH1959.3.8 88 LBS 21 + prefemora of ultimate legs ventrally; (bs)—basal suture of forcipular tooth-plate, (cp)—very short spineless coxopleural process, (cx)—coxopleuron, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (t1)—flattened tarsus 1, (t2)—flattened tarsus 2, (T5)—terite 5, (ti)—flattened tibia, (tk)—tergal longitudinal keels, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402183/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
|
||
) and spinules are used in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FBECF97D29BADAA9" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1903" box="[1128,1279,1692,1718]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Otostigminae">Otostigminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as one of the main diagnostic characters. However, it has been already mentioned (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FC26F9212847DAC4" author="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P." box="[930,1282,1728,1755]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="247 - 280" refId="ref50391" refString="Schileyko, A. & Stoev, P. (2016) Scolopendromorpha of New Guinea and adjacent islands (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). Zootaxa, 4147 (3), 247 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4147.3.3" type="journal article" year="2016">Schileyko & Stoev (2016: 255)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that presence of the tergal keels is not always reliable for distinguishing species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FC29F9052982DAE0" authority="(Otostigmus)" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" baseAuthorityName="Otostigmus" box="[941,1223,1764,1791]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Otostigmus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FC29F9052968DAE1" box="[941,1069,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FBBBF90529FADAE1" box="[1087,1215,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it may be species-specific (eg,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FE07F8E92F3BDB3D" authority="Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" box="[387,638,1800,1827]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaber">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FE07F8E92CB4DB3D" box="[387,497,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. scaber</emphasis>
|
||
Porat, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FD0EF8E92EA9DB3D" authority="Chamberlin, 1913" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1913" box="[650,1004,1800,1826]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amballae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FD0EF8E92E50DB3D" box="[650,789,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. amballae</emphasis>
|
||
Chamberlin, 1913
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FC7CF8E92850DB3C" authority="Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" box="[1016,1301,1800,1827]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Cormocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FC7CF8E929C3DB3D" box="[1016,1158,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
Porat, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), whereas it varies significantly in other species (eg,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FDDAF8CD2EC0DB59" authority="Haase, 1887" authorityName="Haase" authorityYear="1887" box="[606,901,1836,1863]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FDDAF8CD2FABDB59" box="[606,750,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. multidens</emphasis>
|
||
Haase, 1887
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The presence of tergal spinules may also vary intraspecifically in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FEEBF8B12FCDDB74" authority="(Otostigmus)" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" baseAuthorityName="Otostigmus" box="[367,648,1872,1899]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Otostigmus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FEEBF8B12CAADB75" box="[367,495,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FE7BF8B12F3ADB75" box="[511,639,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from well-developed to nearly absent, so both these characters should not be used alone in the corresponding keys.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFDBD721FF43F879293CDCC9" blockId="41.[151,1437,900,2043]" lastBlockId="43.[151,1436,151,214]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
According to recent molecular investigations that include most genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FB8EF87929E4DBAD" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1903" box="[1034,1185,1944,1970]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Otostigminae">Otostigminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FA99F87928D8DBAD" box="[1309,1437,1944,1970]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FA99F87928D8DBAD" box="[1309,1437,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in general) is non-monophyletic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FD9EF85D2FB1DBC9" author="Siriwut, W. & Edgecombe, G. D. & Sutcharit, C. & Tongkerd, P. & Panha, S." box="[538,756,1980,2007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1005 - 1049" refId="ref51057" refString="Siriwut, W., Edgecombe, G. D., Sutcharit, C., Tongkerd, P. & Panha, S. (2018) Systematic revision and phylogenetic reassessment of the centipede genera Rhysida Wood, 1862 and Alluropus Silvestri, 1912 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) in Southeast Asia, with further discussion of the subfamily Otostigminae. Invertebrate Systematics, 32, 1005 - 1049. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 17081" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Siriwut
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FDF2F85C2FEDDBC9" box="[630,680,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFDBD723FC83F85D294BDBC8" author="Vahtera, V. & Edgecombe, G. D." box="[775,1038,1980,2007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref51207" refString="Vahtera, V. & Edgecombe, G. D. (2014) First Molecular Data and the Phylogenetic Position of the Millipede-Like Centipede Edentistoma octosulcatum Tomosvary, 1882 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae). PLoS ONE, 9 (11), 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0112461" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vahtera
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FCE1F85C2EDBDBC9" box="[869,926,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014: 7)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote that “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFDBD723FB19F85D2858DBC9" box="[1181,1309,1980,2006]" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9036429FFDBD723FB19F85D2858DBC9" box="[1181,1309,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Otostigmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likewise polyphyletic in all three analyses but can be seen to comprise three groupings that have biogeographic signal: a basal grade is composed of Asian and Pacific species, whereas the exemplars from North Africa and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B376D9FFD9D721FACFFF762DA3DCCA" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
… and the Caribbean … are allied to other otostigmine genera” (see also below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |