353 lines
42 KiB
XML
353 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A24BCDF39DA6A0BCE2ACB0763082260B">The genera and species of Comatulidae (Comatulida: Crinoidea): taxonomic revisions and a molecular and morphological guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="98AD4903E1E4CC6D3967EC34A49F9F87">Summers, Mindi M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3CB8906E5A81EC864B44A48112FF1D0">Messing, Charles G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46022AEFA65BAC93439DCC88E29077A3">Rouse, Greg W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="861FD6294BB2054C7ACD9A504EB68E97">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039EDF70FFB0A171FF66DBEF131CFBCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6009101" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130809841" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6009101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039EDF70FFB0A171FF66DBEF131CFBCF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039EDF70FFB0A171FF66DBEF131CFBCF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFB0A16EFF66DBEF115EFEC7" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF66DBEF11CBFF25" blockId="14.[151,500,222,282]" box="[151,500,222,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<heading id="D0C0D90AFFB0A16EFF66DBEF11CBFF25" bold="true" box="[151,500,222,248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF66DBEF11CBFF25" bold="true" box="[151,500,222,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFF66DBEF1124FF25" box="[151,283,222,248]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF66DBEF1124FF25" bold="true" box="[151,283,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFEA4DBEF11CBFF25" author="Clark" box="[341,500,222,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Clark, A. H. (1909 e) The type of the genus Comaster. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 22, 87 - 90." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="e">Clark, 1909e</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF66DA30115EFEC7" blockId="14.[151,500,222,282]" box="[151,353,257,282]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<tableCitation id="C6B55BDDFFB0A16EFF66DA3010D4FEC4" box="[151,235,257,282]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[125,197,537,558]" captionText="TABLE 1. Diagnostic morphological characteristics of genera of Comatulidae." pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Table 1</tableCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130C72E3FFB0A16EFF09DA30115EFEC7" box="[248,353,257,282]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="14.[151,250,1813,1835]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,667,1796]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1411,207,1867]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[151,1436,667,1796]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[150,1437,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Capillaster. (A – C, F – I) Capillaster multiradiatus— (A, B, G – I) live, on soft coral (A) and hard coral (B) during the day, and (G – H) with centrodorsal hidden and arms exposed at night; (C, I) aboral surface, showing rounded pentagonal centrodorsal and row of cirri; (F) comb with single, triangular teeth confluent with outer edge of pinnular. (D – E) Capillaster sentosus— (D) live, exposed for photograph. (E) ray base, preserved, showing rounded pentagonal centrodorsal with one row of cirri. Madang, Papua New Guinea: A. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8105; B. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8079; D. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8066; G, I. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8066; H. not vouchered. Raja Ampat, Indonesia: C. not vouchered (RA 219); F. SIO-BIC E 6179. Australia or Timor: E. MNHN EcCs 1006." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Maximum likelihood tree of Capillaster inferred from COI. Symbols and labels as in Figure 2. Location abbreviations—Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR); Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG); Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Raja); Singapore Strait, Singapore (Sing). New COI sequences are Genbank KR 010307 - KR 010329." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/580178/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/580179/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFB0A16EFF66DA731402FE1A" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF66DA7312DFFE86" blockId="14.[151,1436,322,635]" box="[151,736,322,347]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF66DA73110DFE86" bold="true" box="[151,306,322,347]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Type species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFEC9DA7212E4FE86" authority="Carpenter, 1888" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1888" box="[312,731,323,347]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Actinometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sentosa">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFEC9DA721221FE87" box="[312,542,323,346]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Actinometra sentosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFDD4DA7212E4FE86" author="Carpenter" box="[549,731,323,347]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Carpenter, P. H. (1888) Report on the Crinoidea collected during the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Part II-The Comatulae. In: Thomson, C. W. & Murray, J. (Eds.), Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Zoology-Vol. XXVI. Neill & Company, Edinburgh, pp. 1 - 400." type="book chapter" year="1888">Carpenter, 1888</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF36DA571402FE1A" blockId="14.[151,1436,322,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF36DA5711D4FEA2" bold="true" box="[199,491,358,383]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Other included taxa (7).</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFE05DA5613D9FEA2" authority="Hartlaub, 1890" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1890" box="[500,998,358,383]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Actinometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrobrachius">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFE05DA56130FFEA3" box="[500,816,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Actinometra macrobrachius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFCC8DA5713D9FEA2" author="Hartlaub" box="[825,998,358,383]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Hartlaub, C. (1890) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Comatuliden-Fauna des indischen Archipels. Nachrichten von der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der Georgs-August-Universitat zu Gottingen, 5, 168 - 187." type="journal article" year="1890">Hartlaub, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFC05DA5714EBFEA3" box="[1012,1236,358,382]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="asterias">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFC05DA5714EBFEA3" box="[1012,1236,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster asterias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFAFFDA5715A8FEA2" author="Clark" box="[1294,1431,358,383]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Clark, A. H. (1931) A monograph of the existing crinoids 1 (3). Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 82, 1 - 916." type="journal article" year="1931">Clark, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFF66DABA11A0FE7E" box="[151,415,395,419]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilicirra">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF66DABA11A0FE7E" box="[151,415,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster gracilicirra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFE26DABB1253FE7E" author="Clark" box="[471,620,394,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Clark, A. H. (1912 a) Seventeen new East Indian crinoids belonging to the families Comasteridae and Zygometridae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 25, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1912a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFD89DABA141FFE7E" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[632,1056,394,419]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFD89DABA1357FE7E" box="[632,872,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Asterias multiradiata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFC81DABB141FFE7E" author="Linnaeus" box="[880,1056,394,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFBDCDABA10ECFE1A" authority="Messing, 2003" authorityName="Messing" authorityYear="2003" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squarrosus">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFBDCDABA1511FE7F" box="[1069,1326,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster squarrosus</emphasis>
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Messing, 2003
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFF2CDA9F11ECFE1B" box="[221,467,430,454]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirra">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF2CDA9F11ECFE1B" box="[221,467,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster tenuicirra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFDF8DA9F12A2FE1A" author="Clark" box="[521,669,430,455]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Clark, A. H. (1912 a) Seventeen new East Indian crinoids belonging to the families Comasteridae and Zygometridae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 25, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1912a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFD59DA9F1352FE1B" box="[680,877,430,454]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mariae">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFD59DA9F1352FE1B" box="[680,877,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Comatula mariae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFB0A16EFC55DA9F1406FE1A" author="Clark" box="[932,1081,430,455]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refString="Clark, A. H. (1907 b) Description of new species of recent unstalked crinoids from the coast of northeastern Asia. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 33, 127 - 156." type="journal article" year="1907" yearSuffix="b">Clark, 1907b</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFB0A171FF36DAE313DFFE0D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF36DAE3156BFDA6" blockId="14.[151,1436,322,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF36DAE3117EFE36" bold="true" box="[199,321,466,491]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Mouth excentric in fully developed individuals; up to 110 arms; IBr2 series united by synarthry; first syzygy at 3+4 on arms arising from IBr; IIBr 2 or 4(3+4); IIIBr and beyond 3(2+3); arms arising from IIBr and beyond with first syzygy at 2+3 and first pinnule on br1; distal intersyzygial interval 4–27; distalmost pinnule comb on P3–P21 (in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFE7CD90E1214FD8B" box="[397,555,575,598]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirrus">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFE7CD90E1214FD8B" box="[397,555,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">C. tenuicirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at intervals as far as mid-arm); comb teeth single, triangular, confluent with outer edge of pinnule; comb not tapering significantly distally, or tapering to a blunt tip (in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFB64D952157CFDA6" box="[1173,1347,611,635]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilicirrus">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFB64D952157CFDA6" box="[1173,1347,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">C. gracilicirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF483EEEFFB0A16EFF66DC2411F7F83E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580178/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" targetBox="[151,1436,667,1796]" targetPageId="14">
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB0A16EFF66DC2411F7F83E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1813,2019]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFF66DC24112DF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1813,1835]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFEE9DC2411B6F8F6" box="[280,393,1813,1835]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFEE9DC2411B6F8F6" box="[280,393,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Capillaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (A–C, F–I)
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFDFBDC24131EF8F6" box="[522,801,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFDFBDC241243F8F6" box="[522,636,1813,1835]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Capillaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
multiradiatus—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A, B, G–I) live, on soft coral (A) and hard coral (B) during the day, and (G–H) with centrodorsal hidden and arms exposed at night; (C, I) aboral surface, showing rounded pentagonal centrodorsal and row of cirri; (F) comb with single, triangular teeth confluent with outer edge of pinnular. (D–E)
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFB0A16EFADBDC62113CF85A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB0A16EFADBDC6215A3F8B4" box="[1322,1436,1875,1897]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Capillaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
sentosus—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(D) live, exposed for photograph. (E) ray base, preserved, showing rounded pentagonal centrodorsal with one row of cirri. Madang, Papua New Guinea: A. MNHN-IE-2013-8105; B. MNHN-IE-2013-8079; D. MNHN-IE-2013-8066; G, I. MNHN-IE-2013-8066; H. not vouchered. Raja Ampat, Indonesia: C. not vouchered (RA219); F. SIO-BIC E6179. Australia or Timor: E. MNHN EcCs 1006.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF483EEEFFB1A16FFF66DC511476F86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580179/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" targetBox="[159,1411,207,1867]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFB1A16FFF66DC511476F86E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1888,1971]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFB1A16FFF66DC511127F8A8" bold="true" box="[151,280,1888,1910]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFB1A16FFD90DC5112ECF8AB" box="[609,723,1888,1910]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFB1A16FFD90DC5112ECF8AB" box="[609,723,1888,1910]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Capillaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inferred from COI. Symbols and labels as in Figure 2. Location abbreviations—Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR); Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG); Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Raja); Singapore Strait, Singapore (Sing). New COI sequences are Genbank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9464F385FFB1A16FFCAADCAC13F2F86E" box="[859,973,1949,1971]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR010307" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">KR010307</accessionNumber>
|
||
-
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9464F385FFB1A16FFC25DCAC147AF86E" box="[980,1093,1949,1971]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR010329" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">KR010329</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF483EEEFFAEA170FF66DC0A1246F871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580180/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" targetBox="[159,1431,205,1819]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFAEA170FF66DC0A1246F871" blockId="16.[151,1436,1851,1964]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAEA170FF66DC0A1127F88D" bold="true" box="[151,280,1851,1873]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAEA170FDACDC0A12E7F88C" box="[605,728,1851,1873]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Phanogenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAEA170FDACDC0A12E7F88C" box="[605,728,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Phanogenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inferred from COI. Symbols and labels as in Figure 2. Location abbreviations—Borneo (Born); Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR); Malaysia (Malay); Papua New Guinea (PNG); Philippines (Philip); Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Raja); Singapore Strait, Singapore (Sing); Viligili, Maldives (Mald). New COI sequences are Genbank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9464F385FFAEA170FE7BDCA711C3F871" box="[394,508,1942,1964]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR010294" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">KR010294</accessionNumber>
|
||
-
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9464F385FFAEA170FDF2DCA7124AF871" box="[515,629,1942,1964]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR010306" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">KR010306</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFAFA171FF36DBA613DFFE0D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF36DBA611A1FF6D" bold="true" box="[199,414,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Molecular results.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FD45DBA913A7FF6D" box="[692,920,152,176]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FD45DBA913A7FF6D" box="[692,920,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Capillaster sentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FC3CDBA91444FF6D" box="[973,1147,152,176]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilicirrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FC3CDBA91444FF6D" box="[973,1147,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. gracilicirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and those identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FA73DBA912B0FF09" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FA73DBA9110EFF09" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiatus">C. multiradiatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FECCDB8D11E1FF09" box="[317,478,188,212]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squarrosus">C. squarrosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FE1ADB8D12B3FF09" box="[491,652,188,212]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirrus">C. tenuicirrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FD38DB8D13ABFF09" box="[713,916,188,212]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Actinometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrobrachius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FD38DB8D13ABFF09" box="[713,916,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. macrobrachius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed two monophyletic groups in both the parsimony and likelihood analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130C72E3FFAFA171FDD9DBEE1253FF25" box="[552,620,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[159,1411,207,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[150,1437,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maximum likelihood tree of Capillaster inferred from COI. Symbols and labels as in Figure 2. Location abbreviations—Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR); Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG); Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Raja); Singapore Strait, Singapore (Sing). New COI sequences are Genbank KR 010307 - KR 010329." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580179/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a minimum of 5.3% uncorrected COI distance between the clades.
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF66DA3410F0FEC1" box="[151,207,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Intra</emphasis>
|
||
specific divergence among specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FCD1DA35139CFEC1" box="[800,931,260,284]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FCD1DA35139CFEC1" box="[800,931,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. sentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FC2EDA3514AFFEC1" box="[991,1168,260,284]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilicirrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FC2EDA3514AFFEC1" box="[991,1168,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. gracilicirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(here referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FA73DA3510C9FE9D" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FA73DA3510C9FE9D" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. sentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was less than 1.5%. Specimens within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FD2EDA1913C4FE9D" box="[735,1019,296,320]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FD2EDA1913C4FE9D" box="[735,1019,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Capillaster multiradiatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade (identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FB2CDA1911C1FEB9" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FB2CDA1915A7FE9D" box="[1245,1432,296,320]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiatus">C. multiradiatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FF66DA7D1101FEB9" box="[151,318,332,356]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squarrosus">C. squarrosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FEA2DA7D11C5FEB9" box="[339,506,332,356]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirrus">C. tenuicirrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FDB7DA7D1327FEB9" box="[582,792,332,356]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Actinometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrobrachius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FDB7DA7D1327FEB9" box="[582,792,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. macrobrachius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) showed an
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FC30DA7C13C8FEB9" box="[961,1015,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">intra</emphasis>
|
||
specific divergence of up to 7.3% uncorrected COI distance (n=20). A clear separation in
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FCE1DA411379FE5A" box="[784,838,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">intra</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="548CD0C4FFAFA171FCB6DA411348FE55" box="[839,887,368,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
|
||
versus
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FC3EDA41143BFE5A" box="[975,1028,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">inter</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="548CD0C4FFAFA171FBF5DA41140BFE55" box="[1028,1076,368,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
|
||
COI uncorrected distances was not recovered. Therefore, although this clade may represent multiple different species, we currently do not have molecular or morphological data allowing us to clearly distinguish species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFAFA171FF36DAED1403FD59" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFAFA171FF36DAED1403FD59" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF36DAED115FFE28" bold="true" box="[199,352,476,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Tropical Indo-western Pacific from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FC9BDAED13EEFE28" box="[874,977,476,501]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fremantle, WA, to Lady Musgrave Is., QLD), west to East Africa and the Red Sea, east to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FD2BD93113B7FDC5" box="[730,904,511,536]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FC4ED9311421FDCA" box="[959,1054,512,535]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and north to East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FB1EDACE150DFDC5" box="[1263,1330,511,536]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea west of Amami-Oshima,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FE8BD9141182FDE1" box="[378,445,549,572]" name="Japan" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F3A084FFAFA171FE0BD915127AFDE0" box="[506,581,548,573]" country="Micronesia" name="Chuuk" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Chuuk</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atoll (AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FD39D9151375FDE1" author="Clark" box="[712,842,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Clark, A. H. (1931) A monograph of the existing crinoids 1 (3). Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 82, 1 - 916." type="journal article" year="1931">Clark 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FCA6D914147EFDE0" author="Rowe" box="[855,1089,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. CSIRO, Melbourne, 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FBBFD91514C0FDE0" author="Messing" box="[1102,1279,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Messing, C. G. (1998 b) An initial re-assessment of the distribution and diversity of the East Indian shallow-water crinoid fauna. Pp. 187 - 192. In: Mooi, R. & Telford, M. (eds.) Echinoderms: San Francisco. Balkema, Rotterdam." type="book chapter" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">Messing 1998b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FAFAD91415A7FDE0" author="Meyer" box="[1291,1432,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Meyer, D. L. (1986) Les crinoides. In: Guille, A., Laboute, P. & Menou J. - L. (Eds.), Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins, et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie, Faune Tropicale. ORSTOM, Paris, pp. 199 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1986">Meyer 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FF66D9791127FDBD" author="Kogo" box="[151,280,584,608]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Kogo, I. (1998) Crinoids from Japan and its adjacent waters. Special Publication of the Osaka Museum of National History, 30, 1 - 148." type="journal article" year="1998">Kogo 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Depth range: 0–118 (?292) m. Except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FCF1D97913A3FD82" box="[768,924,584,607]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FCF1D97913A3FD82" box="[768,924,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. tenuicirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CCFC383FFAFA171FC5AD9791420FDBD" box="[939,1055,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.18" metricValueMin="0.82" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="100.0" valueMax="118.0" valueMin="82.0">82–118 m</quantity>
|
||
), the great majority of records are from shallower than
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D31A5EFFFAFA171FE8ED95D1180FD59" box="[383,447,620,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CCFC383FFAFA171FE8ED95D1184FD59" box="[383,443,620,645]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
A few records from greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4CCFC383FFAFA171FCC4D95D1343FD59" box="[821,892,620,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
are likely errors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFAFA171FF36D9BE131CFBCF" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFAFA171FF36D9BE11AFFC78" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF36D9BE1104FD75" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FEB3D9A111FFFD75" box="[322,448,656,680]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FEB3D9A111FFFD75" box="[322,448,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Capillaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only Indo-western Pacific genus with IIIBr and following brachiataxes of 3(2+3) and the first syzygy at 2+3 on free arms arising from IIBr and more distal brachitaxes, a trait shared with western Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FEF1D9E91142FD2D" box="[256,381,728,752]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Davidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FEF1D9E91142FD2D" box="[256,381,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Davidaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FE33D9E81211FD2D" box="[450,558,729,752]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Nemaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FE33D9E81211FD2D" box="[450,558,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Nemaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Trawled specimens in the collection at LIPI were attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FF66D9CD11EEFCC9" box="[151,465,764,789]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilicirrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF66D9CD112AFCC9" box="[151,277,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Capillaster</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FEB2D9CD11EEFCC9" box="[323,465,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">gracilicirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FDFBD9CD12C6FCC9" box="[522,761,764,789]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" genus="Actinometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrobrachius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FDFBD9CD121BFCCE" box="[522,548,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FDA0D9CD12C6FCC9" box="[593,761,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">macrobrachius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and specimens dredged at
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FBC6D9CD1496FCC8" box="[1079,1193,764,789]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
were attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FA73D9CD125FFCE5" authority="Messing & Tay 2016" authorityName="Messing & Tay" authorityYear="2016" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuicirrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FA73D9CD15A3FCCE" box="[1410,1436,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF30D8111103FCEA" box="[193,316,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">tenuicirrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FEA3D82E1267FCE5" author="Messing" box="[338,600,799,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Messing, C. G. & Tay, T. S. (2016) Extant Crinoidea (Echinodermata) of Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement, 34, 270 - 301." type="journal article" year="2016">Messing & Tay 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all on morphological grounds. As with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FBA2D81114FEFCE5" box="[1107,1217,800,824]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Comatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FBA2D81114FEFCE5" box="[1107,1217,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Comatula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and several other confamilial genera, species-level distinguishing features are often size- and proportion-related, reflecting possible oversplitting of the genus. The LIPI and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3202EF6FFAFA171FD77D85612C7FC5D" box="[646,760,871,896]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens are assigned here to either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FB3DD859156DFC5D" box="[1228,1362,872,896]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FB3DD859156DFC5D" box="[1228,1362,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. sentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FA73D8591111FC79" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Capillaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FA73D8591111FC79" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. multiradiatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130C72E3FFAFA171FECCD8BD11BDFC78" box="[317,386,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[159,1411,207,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[150,1437,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maximum likelihood tree of Capillaster inferred from COI. Symbols and labels as in Figure 2. Location abbreviations—Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR); Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG); Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Raja); Singapore Strait, Singapore (Sing). New COI sequences are Genbank KR 010307 - KR 010329." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580179/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFAFA171FF66D8C9131CFBCF" blockId="17.[151,803,1016,1042]" box="[151,803,1016,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="B943B274FFAFA171FF66D8C9131CFBCF" bold="true" box="[151,803,1016,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFAFA171FF66D8C91145FBCD" box="[151,378,1016,1042]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comatulidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="tribe" tribe="Neocomatellini">NEOCOMATELLINI</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFAFA171FE70D8C9131CFBCF" author="Summers" box="[385,803,1016,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refString="Summers, M. M., Messing C. G. & Rouse G. W. (2014 a). Phylogeny of Comatulidae (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Comatulida). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution, 80, 319 - 339." type="journal article" year="2014">Summers, Messing & Rouse 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |