544 lines
72 KiB
XML
544 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="0A3E2C0C7392B1780E5F6A6C0E4479D1" ID-CLB-Dataset="7857" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4565396" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b0a74cf-d16d-49be-bec7-64f24d699240" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565396" ID-ZooBank="7D969F82-40F2-4825-A6D8-0131E48BB1EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614355907752" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Riley, Edward G." docDate="2020" docId="03D5A115D818FF82A7E820A198518B07" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2020.0808.1-9.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2020 (808)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Parorectis arenaria Riley 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFECD96DD81CFF8AA72823039A5D8D0B" masterDocTitle="A new species of Parorectis Spaeth from the north-central United States, with notes on prothoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini)" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698931245730" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="B18E5C67D943FAEF83E14B66F849540B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B21D0CF53C9E7D4CB7378B090C8F5848">
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<mods:title id="D3B013C6DE6793BC8DC215FD73C79364">A new species of Parorectis Spaeth from the north-central United States, with notes on prothoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4351F7BBD726C27BA65F95C9F4979992" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="02E55052E0961ABDD9B801232269EB8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5D29668C7DFA0719699E3C0D755ED4F4">Riley, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="97F75C3D9629BDF58C8BB8677B1D3F5F">Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843 - 2475 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1A78F550B70ADED38E4809AEA88A51E1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D6D961E08D278503AC577F2E0B360812">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B8487788D0F51592CAA97BF4BCCA5031">
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<mods:date id="DB6F45046B1D6489A3843FAD730CB0DD">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FA28D547FF4C601CCEDCDFE0E5DA67CC">2020-10-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FDFF4D6295FCFAC2681CFCE846A26EE8">2020</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3870ABF02B01E54218561265CF8EEF63" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="695AC66F76422ADDEF414636E71180DE">808</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="78429C24244FF8E4BA1AAC339471E2F2" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4565396</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B185CBB76BBB9B88F60E3E6FCC7D0013" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D5A115D818FF82A7E820A198518B07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588702" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180300539" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4588702" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D5A115D818FF82A7E820A198518B07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D5A115D818FF82A7E820A198518B07" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C3664388D818FF8EA7E820A198C38EB5" box="[192,670,929,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC31003D818FF8EA7E820A198C38EB5" blockId="4.[192,670,929,992]" box="[192,670,929,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08BA76FD818FF8EA7E820A198C38EB5" box="[192,670,929,958]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7E820A198C38EB5" bold="true" box="[192,670,929,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA7E820A19BA08EB5" authority="Riley" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="2020" box="[192,509,929,958]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7E820A19BE98EB5" bold="true" box="[192,436,930,958]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Parorectis arenaria</emphasis>
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Riley
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B716AD818FF8EA52120A198C38EB5" box="[521,670,929,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3664388D818FF8EA7E820C69BD38ED4" box="[192,398,965,992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC31003D818FF8EA7E820C69BD38ED4" blockId="4.[192,670,929,992]" box="[192,398,965,992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13470C86D818FF8EA7E020C69B6E8ED4" box="[200,307,965,991]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–8" captionStart-1="Figures 9–13" captionStart-2="Figures 14–21" captionStartId-0="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionStartId-1="6.[192,279,1186,1212]" captionStartId-2="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1440,213,1156]" captionTargetBox-2="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId-0="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetId-1="figure-291@6.[192,1440,213,1156]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." captionText-1="Figures 9–13. Parorectis arenaria new species, scanning electron microscopy images. 9) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view. 10) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 11) Plectrum. 12) Spicules of cephalic binding patch. 13) Mesotarsal claws, lateral view: PE = pecten." captionText-2="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565400" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4565400/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1–21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13470C86D818FF8EA61620C59BDE8ED4" box="[318,387,965,992]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="9.[192,245,1116,1142]" captionTargetBox="[196,1438,216,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-256@9.[192,1440,213,1090]" captionText="Map 1. Known distribution of Parorectis arenaria, new species, based on specimens examined and Haarstad (2002) (see text)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4588606/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Map 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3664388D818FF8EA7E820EC99278BBF" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC31003D818FF8EA7E820EC9FD98947" blockId="4.[192,1440,1007,1101]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<materialsCitation id="3B141A5ED818FF8EA7E820EC9FD98947" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046667301" collectingDate="2006-07-03" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="E. G. Riley" county="Bennett Co." latitude="43.056366" location="Sex" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Nebraska" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7E820EC9B708902" bold="true" box="[192,301,1007,1033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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||
<typeStatus id="54C7AEA1D818FF8EA7E820EC9B708902" box="[192,301,1007,1033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13470C86D818FF8EA61520EC9B238902" box="[317,382,1007,1033]" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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<location id="8EA346D8D818FF8EA6BE20EC9BE08902" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D5A115D818FF82A7E820A198518B07:8EA346D8D818FF8EA6BE20EC9BE08902" box="[406,445,1007,1033]" county="Bennett Co." latitude="43.056366" name="Sex" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Nebraska">Sex</location>
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||
undetermined, labeled “S. DAKOTA:
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||
<collectingCounty id="62A2688FD818FF8EA45820F399A58902" box="[880,1016,1007,1034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Bennett Co.</collectingCounty>
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||
|
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<locationDeviation id="9A710921D818FF8EA32A20EC9EBA8902" box="[1026,1255,1007,1034]" location="Merriman" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA32A20EC9E128902" box="[1026,1103,1007,1033]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi.</quantity>
|
||
N Merriman
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||
</locationDeviation>
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| (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA22E20EC9F2E8901" box="[1286,1395,1007,1034]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
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||
) on Hwy. 73 |
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA61C27129BE08920" box="[308,445,1041,1069]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="03.382" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="43.056366">
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||
43°03.382
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||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA68827119BFB8926" bold="true" box="[416,422,1042,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">′</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA6E12712983F8920" box="[457,610,1041,1069]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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101.42.108
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<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA5692711981A8926" bold="true" box="[577,583,1042,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">′</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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|
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<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA551271298A48920" box="[633,761,1041,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2006-07-03">
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<collectingDate id="EF86CF2BD818FF8EA551271298A48920" box="[633,761,1041,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2006-07-03">VII-3-2006</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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||
<collectorName id="268975D5D818FF8EA42D271299208920" box="[773,893,1041,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">E. G. Riley</collectorName>
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|| [red label] HOLOTYPE |
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA39627129F738920" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1901" box="[1214,1326,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parorectis</taxonomicName>
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| arenaria | Riley”. Deposited in
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<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA69A2730985E8946" box="[434,515,1075,1101]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
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. The holotype is in excellent condition, not dissected, with all appendages intact.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D818FF8EA7E8275F99278BBF" blockId="4.[191,1442,1116,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7E8275F9B6F897D" bold="true" box="[192,306,1116,1142]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="54C7AEA1D818FF8EA7E8275F9B6F897D" box="[192,306,1116,1142]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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(Total 50).
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<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA69D275F9804897D" box="[437,601,1116,1142]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">MINNESOTA</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Clay Co.,
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||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA5F8275F9957897D" box="[720,778,1116,1142]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E,
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA406275F993A897D" box="[814,871,1116,1142]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi.</quantity>
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||
S Felton,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA4FE275F9E0F897C" box="[982,1106,1116,1145]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="02.77" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="47.046165">
|
||
47°02.77
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||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA31F275D9E608972" bold="true" box="[1079,1085,1118,1145]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">′</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA370275F9E84897C" box="[1112,1241,1116,1145]" degrees="96" direction="west" minutes="25.24" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="-96.42067">
|
||
96°25.24
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA391275D9EE28972" bold="true" box="[1209,1215,1118,1145]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">′</emphasis>
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||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
, Tsct FLT B-B123 b-bl,
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||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA7D4277D9BD48993" box="[252,393,1150,1176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2000-07-13">VII-13-2000</date>
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||
, P. B. Beauzay, sweep on mesic prairie [1
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||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA474277E99F08993" box="[860,941,1149,1176]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3i0f-wbgf" name="North Dakota State University" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">NDSU</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA496277D9E138993" box="[958,1102,1150,1176]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">NEBRASKA</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Cherry Co.,
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA3CD277D9F6E8993" box="[1253,1331,1150,1176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6670976" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mi" value="2.9">2.9 mi.</quantity>
|
||
N Merriman on Hwy. 61,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA6A227A3985389B1" box="[394,526,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1992-06-29">VI-29-1992</date>
|
||
, E. G. Riley [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA593279C995589B1" box="[699,776,1183,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same data except, reared from late-instar larvae taken on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA7EA27C29B4789D0" box="[194,282,1217,1243]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7EA27C29B4789D0" box="[194,282,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. [2
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA64C27C29BEC89D7" box="[356,433,1217,1244]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA6EB27C1985389D0" box="[451,526,1217,1244]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
|
||
. E Merriman,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA59927C2997489D7" box="[689,809,1217,1244]" degrees="42.9215" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="42.9215">42.9215°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA41C27C199E189D7" box="[820,956,1218,1244]" degrees="101.4947" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-101.4947">101.4947°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, reared from larva; adult reared from larva collected on
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA67827E09B8989F5" box="[336,468,1251,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2018-06-25">VI-25-2018</date>
|
||
, E. G. Riley, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA5AD27E09E7C89F6" authority="(Waterf.) Cronquist" authorityName="Cronquist" baseAuthorityName="Waterf." box="[645,1057,1251,1278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA5AD27E0996389F6" box="[645,830,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis hispidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Waterf.) Cronquist
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[9
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA36D27E09ECE89F5" box="[1093,1171,1251,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]. Sheridan Co.,
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA26B27E09FD789F6" box="[1347,1418,1251,1277]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E Alliance,
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA60326069BDF8814" box="[299,386,1285,1311]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09728" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="ft" value="3600.0">3600 ft.</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA6A62606985B882B" box="[398,518,1285,1312]" degrees="42.0765" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="42.0765">42.0765°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA53A260698C48814" box="[530,665,1285,1311]" degrees="102.6746" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-102.6746">102.6746°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA58D2606996E8814" box="[677,819,1285,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2016-07-14">VII-14-2016</date>
|
||
, A. J. Gilbert [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA4C726079E6A8814" box="[1007,1079,1284,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">AJGC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Trail 358,
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA39426069F508814" box="[1212,1293,1285,1312]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="7.5">7.5 km</quantity>
|
||
. E Hwy. 250,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA7EA26259B67884A" box="[194,314,1318,1345]" degrees="43.3592" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="43.3592">43.3592°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA66E26259B93884A" box="[326,462,1318,1345]" degrees="102.3385" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-102.3385">102.3385°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA6F226249802884A" box="[474,607,1319,1345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2018-06-23">VI-23-2018</date>
|
||
, E. G. Riley, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA43226249EE7884A" authority="(Waterf.) Cronquist" authorityName="Cronquist" baseAuthorityName="Waterf." box="[794,1210,1319,1346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA43226249988884A" box="[794,981,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis hispidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Waterf.) Cronquist
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA3CA26259F6D884A" box="[1250,1328,1318,1345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA26B26249B688869" country="United States of America" name="South Dakota" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">SOUTH DAKOTA</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Bennett Co. same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C7AEA1D818FF8EA572264B98E18869" box="[602,700,1352,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
[7
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA5F7264B99748869" box="[735,809,1352,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA41B264B99D48868" box="[819,905,1352,1379]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; 12.5 (rd.) km. S Martin on Hwy. 73,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA20F264B9FC38869" box="[1319,1438,1352,1378]" degrees="43.0661" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="43.0661">43.0661°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA79726699B15888F" box="[191,328,1386,1412]" degrees="101.7031" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-101.7031">101.7031°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA67C26699B85888F" box="[340,472,1386,1412]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2016-06-27">VI-27-2016</date>
|
||
, E. G. Riley, sandhills [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA5D3266A9915888F" box="[763,840,1385,1412]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same data, except collected as larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA20926699F24888F" box="[1313,1401,1386,1412]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA20926699F24888F" box="[1313,1401,1386,1412]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA7F626889B7688AD" box="[222,299,1419,1446]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA615268F9BD588AD" box="[317,392,1420,1446]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
. N Merriman (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA518268F98C288AC" box="[560,671,1420,1447]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA59A268F997788AD" box="[690,810,1420,1446]" degrees="43.0179" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="43.0179">43.0179°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4876C4D818FF8EA41E268F99E088AD" box="[822,957,1420,1446]" degrees="101.7022" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-101.7022">101.7022°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, reared from larva; adult reared from larva collected on
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA66726AD9B8E88C3" box="[335,467,1454,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2018-06-24">VI-24-2018</date>
|
||
, E. G. Riley, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA5AB26AE9E4288CC" authority="(Waterf.) Cronquist" authorityName="Cronquist" baseAuthorityName="Waterf." box="[643,1055,1453,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA5AB26AE996188CC" box="[643,828,1453,1479]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis hispidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Waterf.) Cronquist
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[20
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA37926AD9ECB88C3" box="[1105,1174,1454,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">AJGC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA38826AD9EB188C3" box="[1184,1260,1454,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">BYUC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA3DF26AD9F1C88C3" box="[1271,1345,1454,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA26426AD9FC088C3" box="[1356,1437,1454,1480]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA7E826CC9B4B88E1" box="[192,278,1487,1514]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D818FF8EA60D26CC9B9F88E2" box="[293,450,1487,1513]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">WISCONSIN</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Columbia Co.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA55926CC98DE88E2" box="[625,643,1487,1513]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
|
||
12N
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA59F26CC989788E2" box="[695,714,1487,1513]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
8E Sec. 32,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA46B26CC999088E2" box="[835,973,1487,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1997-08-09">VIII-9-1997</date>
|
||
, A. H. Williams, feeding on leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA26F26CC9B1B8B00" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA26F26CC9B1B8B00" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Physalis heterophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 4
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA64026F19BCE8B07" box="[360,403,1522,1548]" country="USA" name="Pratt Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">PM</collectionCode>
|
||
, hazy, 80°F [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA51026F398CF8B00" box="[568,658,1520,1547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">UWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]. Dane Co., Walking Iron Prairie,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA33826F29E7C8B00" box="[1040,1057,1521,1547]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
|
||
8N/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA36226F29E008B00" box="[1098,1117,1521,1547]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
6E/Sec.8NW,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA3D026F29F218B07" box="[1272,1404,1521,1548]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1995-06-22">VI-22-1995</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA2A026F19FC08B07" box="[1416,1437,1522,1548]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. A. Henderson, DNR study 053 [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA511251198CE8B26" box="[569,659,1554,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">UWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]. Grant Co., Hwy. 133, sandy prairie,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA31825109E1F8B26" box="[1072,1090,1555,1581]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
|
||
8N
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA34125109E218B26" box="[1129,1148,1555,1581]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
3W Sec.24,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA3D525109F208B26" box="[1277,1405,1555,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2001-07-08">VII-8-2001</date>
|
||
, A. H. Williams, spiny pupa, with dung on “tail”, atop leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D818FF8EA46025379E7C8B45" box="[840,1057,1588,1614]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA46025379E7C8B45" box="[840,1057,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Asclepias viridiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult emerged July 16 [1 teneral,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA7E925559B468B7A" box="[193,283,1622,1649]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">UWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]. Sauk Co., Green Spring Prairie –E,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA5972555988D8B7B" box="[703,720,1622,1648]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
|
||
8N/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA5D1255599518B7B" box="[761,780,1622,1648]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
4E/Sec.6NE,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA48825559E448B7B" box="[928,1049,1622,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1996-05-31">V-31-1996</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA30D25549E678B7A" box="[1061,1082,1623,1649]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. A. Henderson, DNR study 053 [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA7C825749B648B99" box="[224,313,1655,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">UWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Green Spring West,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA505257B98638B99" box="[557,574,1656,1682]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
|
||
9N
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA540257B98268B99" box="[616,635,1656,1682]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
3E S35/NE,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA42A257B99CD8B99" box="[770,912,1656,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1997-07-22">VII-22-1997</date>
|
||
, DNR study 053, sweep net [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA3C425749F1B8B99" box="[1260,1350,1655,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">UWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA27F257B9B538BBF" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">WYO- MING</collectionCode>
|
||
: Platte Co. Glendo,
|
||
<date id="FFC236C3D818FF8EA6C22599983D8BBF" box="[490,608,1690,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="1961-06-01">VI-1-1961</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA543259998DD8BBF" box="[619,640,1690,1716]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. J. Lavigne [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D88C6D818FF8EA432259A992D8BBF" box="[794,880,1689,1716]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3664388D818FF82A7E825C09EF58EB2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D818FF8EA7E825C09FFC8A8D" blockId="4.[192,1441,1731,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA7E825C09BE38BD6" bold="true" box="[192,446,1731,1757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Description. General.</emphasis>
|
||
Oblong, subparallel-sided in dorsal view, broadly arched in lateral view with dorsal crest at approximately midlength of body. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA5D825E6992B8A0B" box="[752,886,1765,1792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="5.6" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="4.8">4.8–6.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(avg. = 5.55, n = 12), greatest width more-or-less at midlength of body
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D818FF8EA69C2404981A8A2A" box="[436,583,1799,1826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.08" metricValueMax="4.56" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="4.08" valueMax="4.56" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.56 mm</quantity>
|
||
(avg. = 4.15, n = 11).
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D818FF8EA41524049F608A2B" bold="true" box="[829,1341,1798,1825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Color (non-teneral, non-reared specimens).</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum yellowish-brown; pronotum with pair of small, round, black spots near center of disc, variable in size, rarely irregular in shape; elytral disc with faint dark smudge on largest swelling on second interval; explanate margins of pronotum and elytra with small semi-transparent cells. Venter brownish-yellow, except metasternum on each
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF03408BD819FF8FA7E925089E058BA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" startId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" targetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D819FF8FA7E925089E058BA7" blockId="5.[193,1441,1547,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA7E925089B0C8B2E" bold="true" box="[193,337,1547,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figures 1–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D819FF8FA67F250F98758B2E" authority="Riley, 2020" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="2020" box="[343,552,1548,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA67F250F98758B2E" box="[343,552,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Parorectis arenaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B716AD819FF8FA507250F98EE8B2E" box="[559,691,1547,1574]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA5922508988F8B2E" bold="true" box="[698,722,1547,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1)</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype and holotype labels.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA30625089E1B8B2E" bold="true" box="[1070,1094,1547,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2)</emphasis>
|
||
Male head, face.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA22E25089F428B2E" bold="true" box="[1286,1311,1547,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">3)</emphasis>
|
||
Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA497252E998A8B4C" bold="true" box="[959,983,1581,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">4)</emphasis>
|
||
Pars stridens.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA350252E9ECD8B4C" bold="true" box="[1144,1168,1581,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">5)</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalic binding patch.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA7E9254D9A848B63" bold="true" box="[193,217,1614,1640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">6)</emphasis>
|
||
Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA43D254D99708B63" bold="true" box="[789,813,1614,1640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">7)</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA61D25919B108BA7" bold="true" box="[309,333,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">8)</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D819FF8FA7E825DD98018A12" blockId="5.[192,1440,1758,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">side usually with large brownish smudge faded toward margins. Terminal three or rarely terminal two antennomeres dark brown to black; legs pale.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D819FF82A7E8242A9B988F4B" blockId="5.[192,1442,1833,1927]" lastBlockId="8.[191,1442,214,576]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D819FF8FA7E8242A9B098A48" bold="true" box="[192,340,1833,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Form. Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Clypeus flat with faint medial impression and lateral grooves, surface shagreened, base ill-defined laterally and at basal corners (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D819FF8FA525244998128A6E" box="[525,591,1866,1893]" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum of cranium with longitudinally elongated fusiform pars stridens at base in male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D819FF8FA67F246F9BEF8A8D" box="[343,434,1900,1926]" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), absent in female; round binding patch present, positioned centrally in both sexes, anterior to pars stridens of male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D81AFF8CA6FE2651986F8866" box="[470,562,1362,1389]" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes moderately large, not especially bulging, length of genal space subequal to maximum width of antennal scape. Antenna moderate in length, exceeding lateral pronotal margin by terminal two antennomeres; pedicle (antennomere II) shorter than III, nearly as wide as scape; first two flagellar segments (antennomeres II–IV) slightly longer and narrower than last two flagellar segments (antennomeres V–VI); terminal antennomeres commencing with antennomere VII, formed into a weak antennal club (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D81AFF8CA26B26DA9FCE88F8" box="[1347,1427,1497,1523]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA7E926F89B1C8B1E" bold="true" box="[193,321,1531,1557]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Pronotum.</emphasis>
|
||
Wider than long (avg. W/L ratio1.66, n = 12); anterior margin and lateral margins broadly and evenly rounded; posterior margin shallowly emarginate on each side before short, median truncate lobe. Surface impunctate, shining to finely shagreened; disc transverse, with broad anterolateral lobe on each side; margin with evenly distributed, closely spaced, semi-transparent cells; extreme margin with no apparent marginal bead.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA230255C9F3A8B72" bold="true" box="[1304,1383,1631,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Elytra.</emphasis>
|
||
Subparallel, broadly, evenly rounded distally. Each elytron with basal margin finely crenulate from near scutellum to beyond humeral umbo (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D81AFF8CA6E525A198508BB6" box="[461,525,1698,1725]" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="5.[193,280,1547,1573]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,225,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[192,1440,213,1519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1–8. Parorectis arenaria new species 1) Holotype and holotype labels. 2) Male head, face. 3) Male head, dorsum of cranium: BP = cephalic binding patch, PS = pars stridens. 4) Pars stridens. 5) Cephalic binding patch. 6) Base of pronotum and anterior margin of elytron. 7) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 8) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565398/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), humeral umbo prominent; disc punctate striate, with 10 more-or-less well developed striae, slightly irregular over central portion of disc; punctures of striae large and deep, separated on average by spaces roughly equal to their diameters; punctures of outermost stria larger and transverse; sutural interval and interval II slightly elevated, other intervals slightly expanded and elevated at various points, especially near dorsal crest where a weakly raised transverse elevation partially disrupts regularity of striae I and II. Explanate margin broad, moderately deflexed anteriorly, horizontal and extended shelf-like at apex, with semi-transparent cells as in pronotal margin; surface impunctate, uneven, shiny; anterolateral corner right-angled, blunt; extreme marginal bead well-developed, strong to apex; internal ridge of epipleuron meets suture before elytral apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A24123D59ABB8C1A" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Prosternum with apex moderately expanded post-coxae, apex bluntly rounded; surface weakly impressed, irregular; metasternum and abdominal ventrites smooth, shining.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A4B5221A99848C38" bold="true" box="[925,985,281,307]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Tarsomere IV mostly embedded in lobes of tarsomere III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A6A922399B8F8C5E" box="[385,466,314,341]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Claws divergent, each claw simple, ventral basal angle of claw rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A23822399F3C8C5E" box="[1296,1377,314,341]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
: BA). Pectens of meso- and metatarsal claws symmetrical
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A5D6225E99648C7D" box="[766,825,349,374]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED6DF2D814FF82A417225F999A8C7C" author="Riley EG" box="[831,967,348,375]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="98 - 114" refId="ref6311" refString="Riley EG. 1986. Review of the tortoise beetle genera of the tribe Cassidini occurring in America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 94 (1): 98 - 114." type="journal article" year="1986">Riley (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A4FD225F9E7E8C7D" box="[981,1059,348,374]" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1186,1212]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-291@6.[192,1440,213,1156]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 9–13. Parorectis arenaria new species, scanning electron microscopy images. 9) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view. 10) Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum. 11) Plectrum. 12) Spicules of cephalic binding patch. 13) Mesotarsal claws, lateral view: PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565400/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A306225F9E168C7D" box="[1070,1099,348,374]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">21</figureCitation>
|
||
: PE).
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A3A3225F9EA38C7D" bold="true" box="[1163,1278,348,374]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia in en-face view spatulate with subtruncate tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A5EE227D99488C92" box="[710,789,382,409]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), shaft of median lobe evenly weakly bowed in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A7E0229C9B448CB2" box="[200,281,415,441]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
); endophallus not studied. Female sternite VIII (internal) with sclerotized portion cross-shaped, lateral arms narrow; each side with broad membranous fenestra; distal margin transverse, with distinct fringe of long setae; basal stem short and broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A57822E198FF8CF6" box="[592,674,482,509]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female genitalic tract with spermathecal duct frail, tightly coiled, long, composed of ca. 133–149 coils, avg. = 140 (n = 3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A469210799CC8F15" box="[833,913,516,542]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
); spermatheca simple, c-shaped, with terminal appendix (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A61F21259BDA8F4B" box="[311,391,550,576]" captionStart="Figures 14–21" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[192,1440,213,1636]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–21. Parorectis arenaria new species, body parts. 14) Male antennae. 15) Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal. 16) Male genitalia, en-face view. 17) Male genitalia, lateral view. 18) Female genitalia tract and pygidium. 19) Female sternite VIII. 20) Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix. 21) Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
: AP).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF03408BD81AFF8CA7E827A19FC48829" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565400/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" startId="6.[192,279,1186,1212]" targetBox="[192,1440,213,1156]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D81AFF8CA7E827A19FC48829" blockId="6.[192,1441,1186,1314]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA7E827A19B0289B7" bold="true" box="[192,351,1186,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Figures 9–13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D81AFF8CA64027A0986689B7" authority="Riley, 2020" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="2020" box="[360,571,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA64027A0986689B7" box="[360,571,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Parorectis arenaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B716AD81AFF8CA56C27A0989089B7" box="[580,717,1186,1213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, scanning electron microscopy images.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA3BC27A19EF189B7" bold="true" box="[1172,1196,1186,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">9)</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA58E27C7989689D5" bold="true" box="[678,715,1220,1246]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">10)</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior prothoracic foramen with head removed, ventrolateral view: AG = antennal groove, CFR = circum-foraminal ridge, LR = lateral ridge, PC = prosternal collar, PL = plectrum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA61C26049B07882A" bold="true" box="[308,346,1287,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">11)</emphasis>
|
||
Plectrum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA6FC26049BA7882A" bold="true" box="[468,506,1287,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">12)</emphasis>
|
||
Spicules of cephalic binding patch.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81AFF8CA4A1260499F3882A" bold="true" box="[905,942,1287,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">13)</emphasis>
|
||
Mesotarsal claws, lateral view: PE = pecten.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF03408BD81BFF8DA7E825819BCB8A2F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565404/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" startId="7.[192,279,1666,1692]" targetBox="[192,1440,213,1602]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D81BFF8DA7E825819BCB8A2F" blockId="7.[191,1441,1666,1828]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA7E825819B368B97" bold="true" box="[192,363,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 14–21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D81BFF8DA65B258098188B97" authority="Riley, 2020" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="2020" box="[371,581,1667,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA65B258098188B97" box="[371,581,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Parorectis arenaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B716AD81BFF8DA5642580988E8B96" box="[588,723,1667,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, body parts.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA44F258199D18B97" bold="true" box="[871,908,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">14)</emphasis>
|
||
Male antennae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA36F25819E318B97" bold="true" box="[1095,1132,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">15)</emphasis>
|
||
Male protarsus, lateral and dorsal.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA63925A79B6A8BB5" bold="true" box="[273,311,1700,1726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">16)</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia, en-face view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA55425A798FF8BB5" bold="true" box="[636,674,1700,1726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">17)</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA4F425A79E5C8BB5" bold="true" box="[988,1025,1700,1726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">18)</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia tract and pygidium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA7E825C69AB88BD4" bold="true" box="[192,229,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">19)</emphasis>
|
||
Female sternite VIII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA6FE25C69BA18BD4" bold="true" box="[470,508,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">20)</emphasis>
|
||
Spermatheca and adjacent duct: AP = appendix.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D81BFF8DA33125C69E628BD4" bold="true" box="[1049,1087,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">21)</emphasis>
|
||
Male mesotarsal claws, exterior and interior surfaces of posterior claw on left, interior and exterior surfaces of anterior claw on right: BA = basal angle, PE = pecten.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D814FF82A7E8214C9E5A8E5E" blockId="8.[191,1442,591,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A7E8214C9B9B8F62" bold="true" box="[192,454,591,617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Comparative remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A460215399F38F62" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1854" box="[840,942,591,618]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A460215399058F62" box="[840,856,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A44C214C99F38F62" box="[868,942,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">callosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A4CB21539E148F62" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1854" box="[995,1097,592,618]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A4CB215399AE8F62" box="[995,1011,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A32821539E148F62" box="[1024,1097,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">rugosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by obvious differences in body coloration and shape. These two species are much more strongly arched in profile and the elytral discs sport a mix of distinctly elevated large and small tubercles. Also, the elytral discs of these two species are dark, with that color extended anteriorly and posteriorly onto the semi-transparent explanate margins and reaching the extreme elytral edges. The new species is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A5FF21D4990B8FFB" baseAuthorityName="Barber" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[727,854,726,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublaevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A5FF21D498BA8FFB" box="[727,743,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A5DB21D5990B8FFB" box="[755,854,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">sublaevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is uniformly yellowish-brown above but lacks the pair of black spots on the pronotal disc, dark smudges on the elytral disc and dark smudges on the sides of the metasternum. The elytral punctation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A55D201998A88E38" baseAuthorityName="Barber" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[629,757,793,819]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Parorectis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublaevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A55D201998D88E38" box="[629,645,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A5BA201A98A88E38" box="[658,757,793,819]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">sublaevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more crowded than in the new species, and it is also smaller in body size, ranging in length from
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D814FF82A57E203898A38E5E" box="[598,766,826,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.16" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.72" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.16" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="4.72">4.72 to 5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(avg.
|
||
<quantity id="4C84BDE6D814FF82A468203999F88E5E" box="[832,933,826,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.13">5.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D814FF82A628205F9EF58EB2" blockId="8.[191,1442,591,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Some of the reared specimens possess a greater amount of darkening of the raised elytral areas, this often extended over most of the disc. This more extensive darkening is thought to be in some way related to the rearing environment, as this color variation is not seen in any of the wild-caught adult specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3664388D814FF82A7E820CA98518B07" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D814FF82A7E820CA9B95890F" blockId="8.[192,1440,969,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A7E820CA9B198EE8" bold="true" box="[192,324,969,995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named for its association with sandy habitats, its name derived from
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A3DB20C99F658EE8" box="[1267,1336,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">arena,</emphasis>
|
||
Latin for sand. Gender feminine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D814FF82A7E827179EE88998" blockId="8.[192,1440,1044,1171]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A7E827179B4C8925" bold="true" box="[192,273,1044,1070]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
North-central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36B5093D814FF82A690271798168925" box="[440,587,1044,1070]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A570271798FD8925" box="[600,672,1044,1070]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="9.[192,245,1116,1142]" captionTargetBox="[196,1438,216,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-256@9.[192,1440,213,1090]" captionText="Map 1. Known distribution of Parorectis arenaria, new species, based on specimens examined and Haarstad (2002) (see text)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4588606/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Map 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). One additional specimen (non-paratype) is known through examination of a website photo. This specimen is misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A45B27359ECB895A" authority="(Olivier)" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[883,1174,1078,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Deloyala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A45B27359E71895B" box="[883,1068,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Deloyala guttata</emphasis>
|
||
(Olivier)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the photo gallery of insect specimens collected from Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve near East Bethel,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A39B27549F76897A" box="[1203,1323,1111,1137]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED6DF2D814FF82A21127549AA68998" author="Haarstad JA" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref6025" refString="Haarstad JA. 2002. Insects of Cedar Creek. Available at https: // www. cedarcreek. umn. edu / insects / albumframes / insectframe. html. (Last accessed March 2020.)" type="url" year="2002">Haarstad 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This locality is plotted on
|
||
<figureCitation id="13470C86D814FF82A503277A982C8998" box="[555,625,1145,1171]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="9.[192,245,1116,1142]" captionTargetBox="[196,1438,216,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-256@9.[192,1440,213,1090]" captionText="Map 1. Known distribution of Parorectis arenaria, new species, based on specimens examined and Haarstad (2002) (see text)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4588606/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Map 1</figureCitation>
|
||
along with localities from the specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC31003D814FF82A7E827A198518B07" blockId="8.[191,1442,1186,1548]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A7E827A19BFA89B6" bold="true" box="[192,423,1186,1213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Biological remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Andrew H. Williams (
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A58727A098B089B7" box="[687,749,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">in litt</emphasis>
|
||
. to EGR) describes the known
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A37027A19E9389B7" box="[1112,1230,1186,1212]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
localities as “sand prairies.” The Cedar Creek
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A6D927C7983489D5" box="[497,617,1220,1246]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
locality includes sand prairie, savanna and other habitat
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C7AEA1D814FF82A3C727C69F7789D4" box="[1263,1322,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">types</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED6DF2D814FF82A21127C79AA1880B" author="Haarstad JA" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref6025" refString="Haarstad JA. 2002. Insects of Cedar Creek. Available at https: // www. cedarcreek. umn. edu / insects / albumframes / insectframe. html. (Last accessed March 2020.)" type="url" year="2002">Haarstad 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A61727E59BF5880B" box="[319,424,1254,1280]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A6C827E59827880B" box="[480,634,1254,1280]" country="United States of America" name="South Dakota" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">South Dakota</collectingRegion>
|
||
localities are part of the Sandhill Region of these states, the largest sand dune system in North America consisting mostly of dunes stabilized by the sandhills mixed-grass prairie
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C7AEA1D814FF82A258260B9FFD8829" box="[1392,1440,1288,1314]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED6DF2D814FF82A7E1262A9BA68848" author="Bleed A & Flowerday C." box="[201,507,1321,1347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref5793" refString="Bleed A, Flowerday C. 1990. Introduction. p. 1 - 16. In: Bleed A, Flowerday C (eds.). An atlas of the Sand Hills. Conservation and Survey Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. University of Nebraska; Lincoln. viii + 264 p." type="book chapter" year="1990">Bleed and Flowerday 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED6DF2D814FF82A521262A9951884F" author="Joern A & Keeler KH" box="[521,780,1321,1348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="11 - 24" refId="ref6063" refString="Joern A, Keeler KH. 1995. Getting the lay of the land: Introducing North American grasslands. p. 11 - 24. In: Joern A, Keeler KH (eds.). The changing prairie. North American grasslands. Oxford University Press; New York. xii + 244 p." type="book chapter" year="1995">Joern and Keeler 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All specimens collected by the writer were taken in this region at localities of deep sand and were associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A41726499E73886E" box="[831,1070,1354,1381]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A417264999CA886F" box="[831,919,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Solanaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, either by rearing larvae to adults or by collecting adults from this plant. Associated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A5C1266F991C888D" box="[745,833,1388,1414]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A5C1266F991C888D" box="[745,833,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were later identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A397266E9B3388A3" authority="(Waterf.) Cronquist. One" authorityName="Cronquist. One" baseAuthorityName="Waterf." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A397266E9E92888D" box="[1215,1231,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A3F3266F9F68888D" box="[1243,1333,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">hispidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Waterf.) Cronquist. One
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A695268D986E88A3" box="[445,563,1422,1448]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens was observed feeding on a leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C6B80D814FF82A31C268D9F4588A3" box="[1076,1304,1422,1448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908CC11D814FF82A31C268D9F4588A3" box="[1076,1304,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Physalis heterophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A. H. Williams label data). The examined
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B8DEE1D814FF82A50126AC98FC88C2" box="[553,673,1455,1481]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimen is labeled as having been taken by sweeping mesic prairie. Living adults are non-metallic. Larvae are unremarkable in general appearance, being pale greenish in life, with semi-transparent lateral scoli.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |