187 lines
14 KiB
XML
187 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2305-2562-2-165" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BCE941E87E045542A3EABDFBCB0A750E" ID-ZooBank="238328039A79416EBF0D7462CEC2A862" ModsDocID="2305-2562-64-2-165" checkinTime="1683304268650" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dikow, Torsten & Dubus, Meliah" docDate="2023" docId="DB75BA8BA52E5EC4A820F1FB31554468" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvert 64(2): 165-206" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 64 (2)" docPubDate="2023-05-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283" docTitle="Anypodetus phalaros Londt 2000" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="BCE941E87E045542A3EABDFBCB0A750E" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="BCE941E87E045542A3EABDFBCB0A750E" masterDocTitle="A review of the assassin-fly genus Anypodetus Hermann, 1907 with the description of a new species (Insecta, Diptera, Asilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="206" masterPageNumber="165" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1683304572529" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the assassin-fly genus Anypodetus Hermann, 1907 with the description of a new species (Insecta, Diptera, Asilidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dikow, Torsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4816-2909</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dikowt@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dubus, Meliah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Front Range Community College, Denver, Colorado, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-05-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>64</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>165</mods:start>
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<mods:end>206</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2305-2562-2-165</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">238328039A79416EBF0D7462CEC2A862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BCE941E87E045542A3EABDFBCB0A750E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB75BA8BA52E5EC4A820F1FB31554468" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB75BA8BA52E5EC4A820F1FB31554468" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="F5P2" LSID="DB75BA8B-A52E-5EC4-A820-F1FB31554468" authority="Londt, 2000" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Anypodetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anypodetus phalaros" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phalaros">Anypodetus phalaros Londt, 2000</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–48" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 46 - 48. A. phalaros 46 ♂ holotype (NMSA-DIP- 073587), lateral 47 same, dorsal 48 same, head anterior. Photographs by NMSA staff, copyright KwaZulu-Natal Museum." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283.figures46-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/846587" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figs 46-48</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 52. Map of southern Africa with elevational relief and biodiversity hotspots (sensu Conservation International in gray) and distribution of A. fasciatus, A. fascipennis, A. macroceros, A. nigrifacies, and A. phalaros (SimpleMappr https: // www. simplemappr. net / map / 20267). Distribution and occurrence data available in Google Earth KML file https: // www. simplemappr. net / map / 20267. kml." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/846590" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 52</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="taxon depository">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Taxon depository.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">ZooBank: https://zoobank.org/C3B681A5-8D4C-4B27-8F74-6948971007E7;</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/1664907;</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Plazi TreatmentBank: https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B39D2F-F047-9D42-FF58-FDC4D9C946C7;</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">iNaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/650537-Anypodetus-phalaros.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">The species is distinguished from congeners by the unique mystax with regular brown setae medially and white, dorso-ventrally flattened setae laterally in both males and females.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283.figures46-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/846587" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figures 46–48" startId="F11">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figures 46-48.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. phalaros" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phalaros">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. phalaros</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">46</emphasis>
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♂ holotype (NMSA-DIP-073587), lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">47</emphasis>
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same, dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">48</emphasis>
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same, head anterior. Photographs by NMSA staff, copyright KwaZulu-Natal Museum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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South Africa: Limpopo: Louis Trichardt, 37 km N, Limpopo Valley (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-22.591946">22°35'31"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="029" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="29.906666">029°54'24"E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22.59194" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.59194">-22.59194</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.90667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.90667">29.90667</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1972-03-06" collectorName="Brown, H., Koster, E., Wessels, D." country="Namibia" latitude="-25.866667" location="Brucharos" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="17.8" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Karas" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<collectingCountry name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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-
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<collectingRegion country="Namibia" name="//Karas">Karas</collectingRegion>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB75BA8BA52E5EC4A820F1FB31554468:5CD51852D1E9454E144EC4CD37A49995" country="Namibia" latitude="-25.866667" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="17.8" name="Brucharos" stateProvince="Karas">Brucharos</location>
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(= Brukkaros);
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-25.866667">25°52'00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="017" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="17.8">017°48'00"E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1972-03-06">06 Mar. 1972</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>Brown, H.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>Koster, E.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>Wessels, D.</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, SANC
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="South Africa" location="Limpopo" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
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<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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-
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<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Limpopo">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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Louis Trichardt,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="km" value="37.0">37 km</quantity>
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N
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Stuckenberg, Brian" country="South Africa" latitude="-22.591946" location="Valley" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.906666" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limpopo" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Limpopo">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB75BA8BA52E5EC4A820F1FB31554468:6BC0A246A3F5FC4447B2F6C95EDB44D9" country="South Africa" latitude="-22.591946" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.906666" name="Valley" stateProvince="Limpopo">Valley</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-22.591946">22°35'31"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="029" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="29.906666">029°54'24"E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1975-01">Jan. 1975</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>Stuckenberg</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>Brian</collectorName>
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leg.; arid bushveld; NAMS-DIP-073587,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, NMSA •
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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same data; NMSA-DIP-009034,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, NMSA
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Distribution, biodiversity hotspots, seasonal imago flight activity, and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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Known only from north-eastern South Africa, southern Botswana, and south-central Namibia (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 52. Map of southern Africa with elevational relief and biodiversity hotspots (sensu Conservation International in gray) and distribution of A. fasciatus, A. fascipennis, A. macroceros, A. nigrifacies, and A. phalaros (SimpleMappr https: // www. simplemappr. net / map / 20267). Distribution and occurrence data available in Google Earth KML file https: // www. simplemappr. net / map / 20267. kml." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.104283.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/846590" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">52</figureCitation>
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). A rarely observed and collected species known from three specimens from three collecting events between 1972-1975 and a single observation at iNaturalist in 2015 (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Collecting event summary for Anypodetus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/75DA27EDED103D8A3E063DCE029126C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" tableUuid="75DA27EDED103D8A3E063DCE029126C7">2</tableCitation>
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). The species is not known to occur in any currently recognized biodiversity hotspot. Adult flies are active in summer (January and March) (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Seasonal imago flight activity of Anypodetus species through number of specimens collected and unique collecting events in each month (data given as # specimens / # collecting events). Months abbreviated starting with July. * = additional iNaturalist observation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/949FF9203D3D05CF56C1B9F2BE54B972" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" tableUuid="949FF9203D3D05CF56C1B9F2BE54B972">3</tableCitation>
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). The iNaturalist observation (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/11107350) indicates that this species perches on the ground. Other than that, nothing is known of the biology.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |