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<document id="CEE5A8474B0B5E5D73CFC6552C527D67" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2013.791933" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197805" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628882770097" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Haddad, Charles Richard" docDate="2013" docId="6C3FB178FFE5FFC8FE200308FD8502CF" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.47.39-40.2493-2529.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 47 (39 - 40)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.791933" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CD936EBDDF5274E0936345450CC2DAE4.5:JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="CD936EBDDF5274E0936345450CC2DAE4" docStyleName="JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Apochinomma malkini Haddad 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="2514" masterDocId="9006C900FFF7FFDEFFE60644FFE20660" masterDocTitle="A revision of the ant-like sac spider genus Apochinomma Pavesi 1881 (Araneae: Corinnidae) in the Afrotropical Region" masterLastPageNumber="2529" masterPageNumber="2493" pageNumber="2510" updateTime="1699054550335" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="0714BF353D2C5B1BFE4759D1B65F147A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="790FB8A91599DFB2029D76E0599496A1">A revision of the ant-like sac spider genus Apochinomma Pavesi 1881 (Araneae: Corinnidae) in the Afrotropical Region</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4505B438D140BF96FEAE79B9CCEBD80B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="398C211E038FB7EEDB5590698B1FA3F3">Haddad, Charles Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BDEB7112ADF1BB0AFCA2BCDEB7393BD5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B1720282140B640DD3FF4EC4CC5BEE7E">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6C43C78A4182BAC44BA429AB71FCF0B4">
<mods:date id="BBCA6E752AEE3AA390DF7513B341D9FE">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DCD1E8C6169775CC833CB416CA8ED463" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="46F28A34828B47576639FE3C9812DA39">2013-07-16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F9EAF1BE29534A2C3FDE2B5479CBAA41" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EAB9D944D3521EBBDAC2FDBE0DA9CC91">47</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="148CFFE580EA8286E6164165D1688A86" type="issue">
<mods:number id="68C7E9A922B9CCF599AA802791401025">39 - 40</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="003AF60A7A54A666E91C2A6953E100C0">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.791933</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="445A4B2CF727D3DF7A5ED25920EA8684">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8C012A639AD93C926687C145176CC3E4" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2013.791933</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B738FA9E435D1AD65023C5C336E90E0" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B8A1FA90B5E9A33B552DD2FBD3C015B4" type="Zenodo-Dep">5197805</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6C3FB178FFE5FFC8FE200308FD8502CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C3FB178FFE5FFC8FE200308FD8502CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C3FB178FFE5FFC8FE200308FD8502CF" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="2514" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE5FFCCFE200308FCF80304" box="[454,794,1356,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFE200308FCF80304" blockId="18.[426,821,1356,1412]" box="[454,794,1356,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE5FFCCFE200308FCF80304" box="[454,794,1356,1381]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="23967BEDFFE5FFCCFE200308FD5F0305" ID-CoL="FQT6" authority="Haddad, 2013" authorityName="Haddad" authorityYear="2013" box="[454,701,1356,1381]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Apochinomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malkini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE5FFCCFE200308FD5F0305" bold="true" box="[454,701,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">Apochinomma malkini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CDD16107FFE5FFCCFD230309FCF80304" box="[709,794,1357,1380]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE5FFCCFE4C0328FCD703E4" box="[426,821,1388,1412]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" type="description">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFE4C0328FCD703E4" blockId="18.[426,821,1356,1412]" box="[426,821,1388,1412]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
(
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFE570328FDB003E4" box="[433,594,1388,1412]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[211,278,1340,1362]" captionTargetBox="[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Digital microscope photographs of the dorsal habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–F) and the A. decepta species group (G–J). (A, B) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F) A. tuberculata sp. nov.; (G, H) A. decepta sp. nov.; (I) A. elongata sp. nov.; (J) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, G, I: males; B, D, F, H: females; J: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197809/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">Figures 2C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFDB80328FD4003E4" box="[606,674,1388,1412]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[143,210,745,767]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Digital microscope photographs of the lateral habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–E) and the A. decepta species group (F–I). (A, B) Apochinomma formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F, G) A. decepta sp. nov.; (H) A. elongata sp. nov.; (I) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, F, H: males; B, D, G: females; I: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197811/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">3C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFD4B0328FD2D03E4" box="[685,719,1388,1412]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[143,210,500,522]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Digital microscope photographs of emboli of Apochinomma species in ventral view. (A) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (B) A. malkini sp. nov.; (C) A. parva sp. nov.; (D) A. decepta sp. nov.; (E) A. elongata sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197931/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">9B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFD3C0328FCCE03E4" box="[730,812,1388,1412]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">12A–D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE5FFCCFF690390FC3D0053" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFF690390FEE5038C" blockId="18.[143,1104,1492,1588]" box="[143,263,1492,1516]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE5FFCCFF690390FEE5038C" box="[143,263,1492,1516]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE5FFCCFF690390FEE5038C" box="[143,263,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFF6903BFFC3D0053" blockId="18.[143,1104,1492,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
This species is named for Borys Malkin in recognition of his valuable collections of spiders made throughout tropical Africa, including the
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE5FFCCFD1A0058FCD50054" box="[764,823,1564,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">types</typeStatus>
of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE5FFCDFF690020FE890336" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="2511" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFF690020FF19001B" blockId="18.[143,1103,1636,1730]" box="[143,251,1636,1659]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE5FFCCFF690020FF19001B" box="[143,251,1636,1659]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE5FFCCFF690020FF19001B" box="[143,251,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE5FFCCFF6900CEFBAD00A2" blockId="18.[143,1103,1636,1730]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">
The species is easily recognized by the broadened embolus of the males with the tip directed distally and retrolaterally (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFDB100EEFD3400A2" box="[599,726,1706,1730]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[143,210,500,522]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Digital microscope photographs of emboli of Apochinomma species in ventral view. (A) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (B) A. malkini sp. nov.; (C) A. parva sp. nov.; (D) A. decepta sp. nov.; (E) A. elongata sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197931/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">Figures 9B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE5FFCCFD0E00EEFCFA00A2" box="[744,792,1706,1730]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2510">12A</figureCitation>
), and by the broad coiled
</paragraph>
<caption id="B0E950E6FFE4FFCDFF3502F0FEC10287" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197935/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" startId="19.[211,278,1204,1226]" targetBox="[213,1170,169,1171]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE4FFCDFF3502F0FEC10287" blockId="19.[211,1171,1204,1255]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">
Figure 11. Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="23967BEDFFE4FFCDFE1B02F0FC5B02AA" authority="Pavesi, 1881" authorityName="Pavesi" authorityYear="1881" box="[509,953,1204,1226]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Apochinomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicaeforme">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE4FFCDFE1B02F0FCCB02AA" box="[509,809,1204,1226]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">Apochinomma formicaeforme</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80077D9FFFE4FFCDFCD002F0FC5B02AA" author="Pavesi P" box="[822,953,1204,1226]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" pagination="536 - 560" refId="ref18713" refString="Pavesi P. 1881. Studi sugli Aracnidi africani. II. Aracnidi d'Inhambane raccolti da Carlo Fornasini e considerazioni sull'aracnofauna del Mozambico. Ann Mus civ stor nat Genova. 16: 536 - 560." type="journal article" year="1881">Pavesi, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the Afrotropical Region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE4FFCDFF35035AFE890336" blockId="19.[211,1171,1310,1366]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">
comma-shaped ridges surrounding the copulatory openings in the female epigyne (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE4FFCDFF3A037AFEB90336" box="[220,347,1342,1366]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">Figure 12C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE4FFC8FF3503DFFDB9043E" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="2514" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE4FFCDFF3503DFFEC903D3" blockId="19.[211,1172,1435,1690]" box="[211,299,1435,1459]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE4FFCDFF3503DFFEC903D3" box="[211,299,1435,1459]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE4FFCDFF3503DFFEC903D3" box="[211,299,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">Remark</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE4FFCDFF350387FC4E007B" blockId="19.[211,1172,1435,1690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">
The abdomen of the female
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE4FFCDFDF90380FD6003BC" box="[543,642,1476,1500]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is separated from the carapace, and the total length provided here is an approximation based on the sum of the carapace and abdomen lengths, not including possible extension of the pedicel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE4FFCDFF180067FDF500FA" blockId="19.[211,1172,1435,1690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE4FFCDFF180067FEDA005B" box="[254,312,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE4FFCDFEA30067FE49005B" box="[325,427,1571,1595]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2511" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Iseri, CAS). Measurements: CL 3.60, CW 1.80, AL 3.75, AW 1.89, TL 7.35, FL 0.20, SL 1.50, SW 1.03, AME–AME 0.11, AME–ALE 0.05, ALE–ALE 0.52, PME–PME 0.24, PME–PLE 0.21, PLE–PLE 0.92, PERW 1.06, MOQAW 0.43, MOQPW 0.46, MOQL 0.37.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B0E950E6FFE3FFCAFF6905EAFEDB059F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512" startId="20.[143,210,942,964]" targetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE3FFCAFF6905EAFEDB059F" blockId="20.[143,1104,942,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">
Figure 12. Genital morphology of
<taxonomicName id="23967BEDFFE3FFCAFE1305EBFD3605A5" authority="Haddad, 2013" authorityName="Haddad" authorityYear="2013" box="[501,724,943,965]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Apochinomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malkini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE3FFCAFE1305EBFD3605A5" box="[501,724,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">Apochinomma malkini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CDD16107FFE3FFCAFD3D05EBFCC905A4" box="[731,811,943,964]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE3FFCAFF5C0200FD6E02FC" blockId="20.[143,1104,1092,1690]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">Length of leg segments: I 2.40 + 0.63 + 2.55 + 2.27 + 1.45 = 9.30; II 2.31 + 0.60 + 2.24 + 2.10 + 1.30 = 8.55; III 2.00 + 0.65 + 1.80 + 1.97 + 0.98 = 7.40; IV 2.84 + 0.73 + 2.43 + 2.97 + 1.20 = 10.17.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE3FFCBFF5C02E0FED002DC" blockId="20.[143,1104,1092,1690]" lastBlockId="21.[211,1172,167,1691]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="2513" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">
General appearance in
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE3FFCAFE2102E0FDD902DC" box="[455,571,1188,1212]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[211,278,1340,1362]" captionTargetBox="[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Digital microscope photographs of the dorsal habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–F) and the A. decepta species group (G–J). (A, B) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F) A. tuberculata sp. nov.; (G, H) A. decepta sp. nov.; (I) A. elongata sp. nov.; (J) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, G, I: males; B, D, F, H: females; J: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197809/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
, lateral view in
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE3FFCAFD1E02E0FC8E02DC" box="[760,876,1188,1212]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[143,210,745,767]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Digital microscope photographs of the lateral habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–E) and the A. decepta species group (F–I). (A, B) Apochinomma formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F, G) A. decepta sp. nov.; (H) A. elongata sp. nov.; (I) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, F, H: males; B, D, G: females; I: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197811/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">Figure 3C</figureCitation>
. Carapace elongate oval, eye region broad, tapering posteriorly to pedicel, broadest at coxa II; raised gently from eye region, with median depression, highest at two-thirds carapace length (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE3FFCAFF7E0347FEEE037B" box="[152,268,1283,1307]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[143,210,745,767]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Digital microscope photographs of the lateral habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–E) and the A. decepta species group (F–I). (A, B) Apochinomma formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F, G) A. decepta sp. nov.; (H) A. elongata sp. nov.; (I) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, F, H: males; B, D, G: females; I: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197811/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="2512">Figure 3C</figureCitation>
); surface finely granulate, covered in white feathery setae, with scattered short straight setae in eye region and on clypeus; fovea short, narrow, at two-thirds carapace length; carapace deep orange-brown, with distinct black striae and black mottling, eye region slightly darker between anterior eyes. All eyes with black rings; AER straight, medians larger than laterals; AME separated by distance equal to three-fifths their diameter; AME separated from ALE by distance slightly larger than half ALE diameter; clypeus height equal to one and one-sixth times AME diameter; PER strongly recurved, medians very slightly larger than laterals; PME separated by distance equal to twice their diameter; PME separated from PLE by distance slightly less than twice PME diameter; CW: PERW = 1.70: 1. Chelicerae orange-brown, with scattered erect straight setae on anterior surface; three teeth on promargin, distal tooth smallest, tiny, median tooth largest; median and distal teeth closer to each other than to proximal tooth; retromargin with two slightly separated teeth close to fang base, distal tooth slightly smaller than proximal tooth; endites orange-brown, cream at maxillar hair tuft; labium orange-brown, cream distally; sternum shield-shaped, elongate, orange-brown with faint brown mottling; surface finely granulate, densely covered in white short straight setae, with scattered white feathery and long erect straight setae. Legs with surface of all segments except tarsi finely granulate, tarsi finely wrinkled; legs covered in short straight setae, feathery setae dense on dorsal surface of femora, sparse on other segments, absent on tarsi; femora I and II yellow, with prolateral and retrolateral black stripes, black proximally; femora III and IV dark brown, with prolateral and retrolateral black stripes, yellow at distal end dorsally; patellae I and II yellow with faint prolateral and retrolateral black mottling; patellae III and IV yellow, with broad black proximal and distal markings, narrowly linked with prolateral and retrolateral black mottling; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi I and II yellow with black mottling; tibiae III and IV dark brown with black mottling, yellow dorsally at distal end of tibiae IV; metatarsi III yellow with black mottling; metatarsi IV dark brown, yellow dorsally at distal end; tarsi III and IV yellow with faint black mottling. Leg spination: femora: I pl 2 do 3, II pl 2 do 3, III pl 2 do 3 rl 2, IV pl 2 do 3 rl 2; patellae: all without distal do seta or spine; tibiae: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 1 vt 2; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3. Palpal spination: femora: do 2; patellae: pl 1 do 1; tibiae: pl 1 plv 1; tarsi: plv 2. Abdomen pear-shaped, broad and round posteriorly, with long pedicel; dorsal scutum dark red-brown with black mottling, nearly covering entire dorsum, fused to pedicel anteriorly and epigastric plate and post-epigastric sclerites ventrally; sigilla indistinct; narrow mottled dark grey unsclerotized section present behind scutum above spinnerets; dorsum sparsely covered in white feathery setae; venter mottled dark grey, covered in short straight black setae, with scattered white feathery setae behind epigastric furrow, extending halfway to spinnerets; venter with red-brown rectangular ventral sclerite with black mottling, with single paired row of tiny sclerites continuous with lateral margin of ventral sclerite; inframamillary sclerite yellow-brown, subtriangular. Male palpal segments yellow-brown with faint black mottling; tegulum pear-shaped, creamy-yellow, with dark red-brown insemination ducts; embolus short, with single coil, basal section broad and slightly curved; embolus tip broadened, slightly curved, directed retrolaterally and distally (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE2FFCBFBF502C0FB6E02FC" box="[1043,1164,1156,1180]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[143,210,500,522]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[145,1104,168,467]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Digital microscope photographs of emboli of Apochinomma species in ventral view. (A) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (B) A. malkini sp. nov.; (C) A. parva sp. nov.; (D) A. decepta sp. nov.; (E) A. elongata sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197931/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">Figures 9B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE2FFCBFF3502E0FEC702DC" box="[211,293,1188,1212]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">12A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE2FFCBFF180280FDB6035B" blockId="21.[211,1172,167,1691]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE2FFCBFF180280FEAF02BC" box="[254,333,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">Female</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE2FFCBFEB80280FE2602BC" box="[350,452,1220,1244]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, Iseri, CAS). Measurements: CL 4.39, CW 2.18, AL 4.60, AW 2.80, TL ∼9.00, FL 0.21, SL 1.83, SW 1.15, AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.06, ALE– ALE 0.59, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.29, PLE–PLE 1.06, PERW 1.25, MOQAW 0.49, MOQPW 0.54, MOQL 0.46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE2FFCBFF180307FD3303FB" blockId="21.[211,1172,167,1691]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">Length of leg segments: I 2.78 + 0.80 + 2.93 + 2.45 + 1.50 = 10.46; II 2.75 + 0.78 + 2.65 + 2.35 + 1.45 = 9.98; III 2.40 + 0.85 + 2.15 + 2.23 + 1.10 = 8.73; IV 3.40 + 0.93 + 2.90 + 3.35 + 1.23 = 11.81.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE2FFC8FF1803E7FDB9043E" blockId="21.[211,1172,167,1691]" lastBlockId="22.[143,1104,167,606]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="2514" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">
General appearance in
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE2FFCBFDEE03E7FD9F03DB" box="[520,637,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[211,278,1340,1362]" captionTargetBox="[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[213,1170,167,1307]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Digital microscope photographs of the dorsal habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–F) and the A. decepta species group (G–J). (A, B) A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F) A. tuberculata sp. nov.; (G, H) A. decepta sp. nov.; (I) A. elongata sp. nov.; (J) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, G, I: males; B, D, F, H: females; J: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197809/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">Figure 2D</figureCitation>
, lateral view in
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE2FFCBFCD003E7FC4903DB" box="[822,939,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[143,210,745,767]" captionTargetBox="[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[145,1104,168,712]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Digital microscope photographs of the lateral habitus of species in the Apochinomma formicaeforme species group (A–E) and the A. decepta species group (F–I). (A, B) Apochinomma formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881; (C, D) A. malkini sp. nov.; (E) A. parva sp. nov.; (F, G) A. decepta sp. nov.; (H) A. elongata sp. nov.; (I) Apochinomma sp. A, C, E, F, H: males; B, D, G: females; I: subadult female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197811/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="2513">Figure 3D</figureCitation>
. Morphology as for male except the following: AER straight, medians larger than laterals; AME separated by distance equal to two-thirds their diameter; AME separated from ALE by distance slightly less than one-third AME diameter; clypeus height equal to one and one-sixth times AME diameter; PER strongly recurved, medians very slightly larger than laterals; PME separated by distance equal to one and two-thirds times their diameter; PME separated from PLE by distance equal to twice the PME diameter; CW: PERW = 1.74: 1. Leg spination: femora: I pl 2 do 3, II pl 1 do 3, III pl 2 do 3 rl 2, IV pl 2 do 3 rl 1; patellae: all without distal do seta or spine; tibiae: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 1 vt 2, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3. Palpal spination: femora: do 1; patellae: do 1; tibiae: pl 1 do 1 plv 1; tarsi: pl 1 rl 1 plv 2. Abdomen teardrop-shaped with long pedicel, with red-brown dorsal scutum extending slightly passed midpoint; posterior half of dorsum mottled dark grey with small cream spots; sigilla indistinct; dorsum covered with white short straight and feathery setae; venter pale creamy-grey, with two paired rows of tiny sclerites from epigastric furrow to spinnerets; epigastric region strongly sclerotized, post-epigastric sclerites weakly sclerotized; ventral sclerite absent; inframamillary sclerite distinct, red-brown; ventral setae pale, short and straight. Epigyne with broad coiled comma-shaped ridges with lateral copulatory openings at midpoint of epigyne (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE1FFC8FD140442FC96047E" box="[754,884,518,542]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Figure 12C</figureCitation>
); copulatory ducts short, oblique, entering round anterior ST II posterolaterally; ST II broadly connected to diverging posterior ST I (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE1FFC8FE2C0402FDA9043E" box="[458,587,582,606]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[143,210,942,964]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetId="figure-3@20.[145,1102,168,910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Genital morphology of Apochinomma malkini sp. nov., (A) male palp, ventral view; (B) same, retrolateral view; (C) female epigyne, ventral view; (D) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197937/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Figure 12D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE1FFC8FF6904E7FF3605C6" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF6904E7FECA04DB" blockId="22.[143,1103,675,803]" box="[143,296,675,699]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE1FFC8FF6904E7FECA04DB" box="[143,296,675,699]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE1FFC8FF6904E7FECA04DB" box="[143,296,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF69048EFD5C0562" blockId="22.[143,1103,675,803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<materialsCitation id="54FE0A33FFE1FFC8FF69048EFD5C0562" collectingDate="1948-12-27" collectingDateMax="1948-12-30" collectingDateMin="1948-12-27" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="B. Malkin" country="Nigeria" latitude="6.633333" location="Iseri" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="3.3833332" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" specimenCode="CASENT 9033081" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lagos" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE1FFC8FF69048EFF180482" box="[143,250,714,738]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="F290CBE7FFE1FFC8FEE6048FFEF70483" box="[256,277,715,739]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="9C8140FEFFE1FFC8FEC4048EFE430482" box="[290,417,714,738]" name="Nigeria" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="2652CE8CFFE1FFC8FE4C048FFDCD0482" box="[426,559,714,739]" country="Nigeria" name="Lagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Lagos State</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E14956B5FFE1FFC8FDDF048EFD890482" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C3FB178FFE5FFC8FE200308FD8502CF:E14956B5FFE1FFC8FDDF048EFD890482" box="[569,619,714,738]" country="Nigeria" latitude="6.633333" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="3.3833332" name="Iseri" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" stateProvince="Lagos">Iseri</location>
(Isheri,
<geoCoordinate id="81A266A9FFE1FFC8FD21048EFCC90482" box="[711,811,710,738]" degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" precision="925" value="6.633333">
06
<superScript id="13E3AD26FFE1FFC8FD070482FD0804B7" attach="left" box="[737,746,710,727]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">◦</superScript>
38’ N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="81A266A9FFE1FFC8FCD3048EFC740482" box="[821,918,710,738]" degrees="03" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" precision="925" value="3.3833332">
03
<superScript id="13E3AD26FFE1FFC8FCB60482FCBB04B7" attach="none" box="[848,857,710,727]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">◦</superScript>
23’ E
</geoCoordinate>
), leg.
<collectorName id="496365B8FFE1FFC8FC31048FFBA90482" box="[983,1099,714,738]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">B. Malkin</collectorName>
,
<date id="902826AEFFE1FFC8FF6904AEFE650562" box="[143,391,746,770]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" value="1948-12-27" valueMax="1948-12-30" valueMin="1948-12-27">
<collectingDate id="806CDF46FFE1FFC8FF6904AEFE650562" box="[143,391,746,770]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" value="1948-12-27" valueMax="1948-12-30" valueMin="1948-12-27">27–30 December 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="828798ABFFE1FFC8FE7004AEFE2D0562" box="[406,463,746,770]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="B430A815FFE1FFC8FE3C04AEFD500562" box="[474,690,746,770]" collectionCode="CASENT" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">CASENT 9033081</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF5C054FFC6A0542" blockId="22.[143,1103,675,803]" box="[186,904,778,803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<materialsCitation id="54FE0A33FFE1FFC8FF5C054FFC660542" box="[186,900,778,803]" collectingDate="1948-12-27" collectingDateMax="1948-12-30" collectingDateMin="1948-12-27" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="B. Malkin" country="Nigeria" latitude="6.633333" location="Iseri" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="3.3833332" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" specimenCode="CASENT 9033102" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lagos" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE1FFC8FF5C054FFEC00543" box="[186,290,779,803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: Same data as holotype,
<specimenCount id="F290CBE7FFE1FFC8FDD0054EFDB30542" box="[566,593,778,802]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="828798ABFFE1FFC8FD86054EFD7B0542" box="[608,665,778,802]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="B430A815FFE1FFC8FD42054EFC9E0542" box="[676,892,778,802]" collectionCode="CASENT" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">CASENT 9033102</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF690523FE34051F" blockId="22.[143,470,871,934]" box="[143,470,871,895]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE1FFC8FF690523FE34051F" box="[143,470,871,895]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE1FFC8FF690523FE34051F" box="[143,470,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF6905CBFF3605C6" blockId="22.[143,470,871,934]" box="[143,212,911,934]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">None.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE1FFC8FF6905AFFD85024A" box="[143,615,1003,1067]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF6905AFFEF60263" blockId="22.[143,615,1003,1067]" box="[143,276,1003,1027]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE1FFC8FF6905AFFEF60263" box="[143,276,1003,1027]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE1FFC8FF6905AFFEF60263" box="[143,276,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF690257FD85024A" blockId="22.[143,615,1003,1067]" box="[143,615,1042,1067]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
Known from the
<typeStatus id="3B2DBECCFFE1FFC8FEB70257FE63024B" box="[337,385,1043,1067]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">type</typeStatus>
locality (
<figureCitation id="7CAD1CEBFFE1FFC8FE0D0256FDB5024A" box="[491,599,1042,1066]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="34.[143,210,1204,1226]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,169,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-3@34.[145,1102,169,1171]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 16. Distribution of Apochinomma decepta sp. nov. (closed circles), A. elongata sp. nov. (closed stars), A. malkini sp. nov. (closed triangles), A. parva sp. nov. (closed square), A. tuberculata sp. nov. (open star) and an undescribed Apochinomma sp. (cross) in Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197819/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Figure 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8C53E5FFE1FFC8FF69022BFD8502CF" box="[143,615,1135,1199]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF69022BFF0602E7" blockId="22.[143,615,1135,1199]" box="[143,228,1135,1159]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
<heading id="BF61B702FFE1FFC8FF69022BFF0602E7" box="[143,228,1135,1159]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D6E2DC7CFFE1FFC8FF69022BFF0602E7" box="[143,228,1135,1159]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E429006EFFE1FFC8FF6902D3FD8502CF" blockId="22.[143,615,1135,1199]" box="[143,615,1175,1199]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">
Collected from forest in southern
<collectingCountry id="9C8140FEFFE1FFC8FDEC02D3FD8102CF" box="[522,611,1175,1199]" name="Nigeria" pageId="22" pageNumber="2514">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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