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<document id="D0C8D331DB5B1C69DAAB5146E23060DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="5916" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3762.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4577eacc-752d-4eb7-bf1b-6585f03d7d6a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4909357" ID-ZooBank="68E063AB-2C09-4FCA-8761-FBC73D562990" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623110906749" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Badano, Davide &amp; Pantaleoni, Roberto Antonio" docDate="2014" docId="314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03762p071.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3762 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Macronemurus appendiculatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="CD73345E9C782A32EF565E3FFF865D20" masterDocTitle="The larvae of European Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1699002821961" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="7DBE43BE8FE6E0090E49D00380770A44" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="FE4B8DE46D663B0FFB48C68108680359">
<mods:title id="ACBE2A0B4D63F21B9CD459EB52B190F2">The larvae of European Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:role id="E90BDEE518C988730FD37480E8F931A1">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="58D25B0DB9C97F83B85A679D6C9BF428">Badano, Davide</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F8631F5E54725991501D5687D54E5EBB" type="email">davide.badano@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C61D57B71077CDB82F183E026800D836">Pantaleoni, Roberto Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3BF4D2FE3ED1091F31241C763C35997D" type="email">r.pantaleoni@ise.cnr.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="107D246AD5FF2C59D67EB2001D2669EF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="91B62110CA1BC1A515B1857DF0D092A6">
<mods:date id="EA3F46612C88DFAF03A0AC177D9388D8">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D176CC8BF5635397E30E2B32C6E00CEB">3762</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F94A6BCAE5284784A1BE902EA226020F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3762.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="84E807BBCF42D4C5E4392D9B9FF00189" type="GBIF-Dataset">4577eacc-752d-4eb7-bf1b-6585f03d7d6a</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E14963E802F387AC5CA9260A2EF276EE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909411" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183227286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4909411" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD665B2E" box="[151,736,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD665B2E" blockId="21.[151,736,1524,1583]" box="[151,736,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="E2144A5C9C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD665B2E" bold="true" box="[151,736,1524,1550]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD665B2E" ID-CoL="3X6V9" authority="(Latreille, 1807)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[151,736,1524,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendiculatus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD665B2E" bold="true" box="[151,736,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EFC15BCBFD975B2E" bold="true" box="[151,529,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Macronemurus appendiculatus</emphasis>
(Latreille, 1807)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6D2A27EFC15829FEF85BBE" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6D2A27EFC15829FE025B0F" blockId="21.[151,736,1524,1583]" box="[151,388,1558,1583]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6D2A27EFC95829FE865B0F" box="[159,256,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[253,1330,213,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-61@5.[239,1336,205,1910]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Taxonomic characters of larvae of Myrmeleontidae. A, Euroleon nostras dorsal and ventral views; B, head of Myrmeleon inconspicuus; C, head of Macronemurus appendiculatus; D, IX and VIII sternite of Myrmecaelurus trigrammus; E, IX and VIII sternite of Creoleon lugdunensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909359/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6D2A27EE5B5829FEAD5B0F" box="[269,299,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1564,1586]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,197,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-239@10.[188,1398,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. IX and VIII abdominal sternite of 3rd instar larva of Dendroleontini and Nemoleontini. A, Dendroleon pantherinus; B, Nemoleon notatus; C, Distoleon tetragrammicus; D, Creoleon lugdunensis; E, Neuroleon assimilis; F, Macronemurus appendiculatus; G, Megistopus lucasi; H, Gymnocnemia variegata. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909369/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">3F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6D2A27EE605829FED25B0F" box="[310,340,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[241,1323,508,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-216@11.[233,1335,499,1910]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pronotum of 3rd instar larvae of Dendroleontini and Nemoleontini; A, Dendroleon pantherinus; B, Nemoleon notatus; C, Distoleon tetragrammicus; D, Creoleon lugdunensis; E, Neuroleon nemausiensis; F, Macronemurus appendiculatus; G, Megistopus lucasi; H, Gymnocnemia variegata. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909373/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">4F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6D2A27EE365829FEFD5B0F" box="[352,379,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,205,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-46@22.[198,1389,193,1940]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Macronemurus appendiculatus (Latreille, 1807), 3rd instar larva (Italy: Sardinia, Alghero, Capo Caccia). Dorsal (above), ventral (middle) and lateral (below) view; a–c: diagnostic characters, see species description." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909401/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6D2A27EFC1585EFEF85BBE" blockId="21.[151,1436,1630,1982]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
The 1
<superScript id="4E9650789C6D2A27EF815861FF675B4C" attach="left" box="[215,225,1630,1644]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">st</superScript>
instar larva of this species was concisely described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="DD7280C19C6D2A27ECA7585DFB4F5B5A" author="Insom, E. &amp; Del Centina, P. &amp; Carfi, S." box="[1009,1225,1633,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="105 - 121" refId="ref40046" refString="Insom, E., Del Centina, P. &amp; Carfi, S. (1985) II. Contributo alla conoscenza della fauna Neurotterologica italiana (Neuroptera: Raphidioptera, Planipennia). Redia, 65, 105 - 121." type="journal article" year="1985">
Insom
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EB6B585DFBE95B5A" box="[1085,1135,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. (1985)
</bibRefCitation>
, not providing any diagnostic character.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6D2A27EF915896FD7C5A9E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6D2A27EF915896FD7C5A9E" blockId="21.[151,1436,1630,1982]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EF915896FE4E5BE2" bold="true" box="[199,456,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Examined specimens.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="098BF76D9C6D2A27EE995896FAD25BE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312215332" box="[463,1364,1705,1730]" collectingDate="2011-07" collectorName="B. Michel &amp; D. Badano" country="France" location="Pompignan" municipality="Gard" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EE995896FDAC5BE2" bold="true" box="[463,554,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectingCountry id="C1F4BDA09C6D2A27EE995896FDA35BE2" box="[463,549,1705,1730]" name="France" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">France</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="5938674A9C6D2A27ED645896FDEB5BE2" box="[562,621,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gard</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27ED2E5896FD7C5BE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27ED2E5896FD7C5BE2" box="[632,762,1705,1730]" country="France" municipality="Gard" name="Pompignan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pompignan</location>
, scrubland,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27ECD75896FC605BE2" box="[897,998,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-07">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27ECD75896FC605BE2" box="[897,998,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-07">VII.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27ECA15896FBE15BE2" box="[1015,1127,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">B. Michel</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EBDA5895FA8E5BE2" box="[1164,1288,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
), 1 L3
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="098BF76D9C6D2A27EA085896FD715A9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312215379" collectingDate="2010-07" collectingDateMax="2012-05" collectingDateMin="2010-07" collectionCode="R" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" location="Cipressa" municipality="Imperia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Liguria">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6D2A27EA085896FA1A5BE2" bold="true" box="[1374,1436,1705,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectingCountry id="C1F4BDA09C6D2A27EA085896FA115BE2" box="[1374,1431,1705,1730]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27EFC158F2FF6A5BC6" box="[151,236,1741,1766]" country="Italy" name="Liguria" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Liguria</collectingRegion>
, 1 L3 laboratory-reared from a female collected at
<collectingCounty id="503D85BC9C6D2A27EC7158F2FC255BC6" box="[807,931,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pompeiana</collectingCounty>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="5938674A9C6D2A27ECE458F2FB895BC6" box="[946,1039,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Imperia</collectingMunicipality>
), scrubland,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27EBCB58F2FA825BC6" box="[1181,1284,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-07">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27EBCB58F2FA825BC6" box="[1181,1284,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-07">VII.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EA4558F2FA165BC6" box="[1299,1424,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
).
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27EFC158CEFF6A5A2A" box="[151,236,1777,1802]" country="Italy" name="Liguria" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Liguria</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFA158CEFEDE5A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFA158CEFEDE5A2A" box="[247,344,1777,1802]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Cipressa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Cipressa</location>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EE3058CEFE455A2A" box="[358,451,1777,1802]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Imperia</collectorName>
),
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE8358CEFD005A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE8358CEFD005A2A" box="[469,646,1777,1802]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Colla Caravella" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Colla Caravella</location>
, at the base of a pine tree, 1 L1 laboratory-reared to adult (
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EA4258CEFA165A2A" box="[1300,1424,1777,1802]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
).
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27EFC1592AFF715A0E" box="[151,247,1813,1838]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE53592AFED25A0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE53592AFED25A0E" box="[261,340,1813,1838]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Sassari" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Sassari</location>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EE30592AFE3D5A0E" box="[358,443,1813,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sassari</collectorName>
),
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE87592AFDB45A0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EE87592AFDB45A0E" box="[465,562,1813,1838]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Li Punti" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Li Punti</location>
,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27ED16592AFD205A0E" box="[576,678,1813,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-07">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27ED16592AFD205A0E" box="[576,678,1813,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-07">VII.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EDEF592AFCBE5A0E" box="[697,824,1813,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
), 1 L2 and 1 L3 laboratory-reared to adult.
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27EA6E592AFA1E5A0E" box="[1336,1432,1813,1838]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFC15906FF755A72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFC15906FF755A72" box="[151,243,1849,1874]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Alghero" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Alghero</location>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EE555906FEDE5A72" box="[259,344,1849,1874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sassari</collectorName>
), the base of arenaceous escarpment,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27EC515906FCF05A72" box="[775,886,1849,1874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-08">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27EC515906FCF05A72" box="[775,886,1849,1874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-08">VIII.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27ECDE5906FB815A72" box="[904,1031,1849,1874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
), 1 L3.
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27EB375906FB475A72" box="[1121,1217,1849,1874]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EB985906FAAC5A72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EB985906FAAC5A72" box="[1230,1322,1849,1874]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Alghero" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Alghero</location>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EA6D5906FA165A72" box="[1339,1424,1849,1874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sassari</collectorName>
),
<location id="BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFC15962FE9D5A56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314A4C269C6D2A25EFC15BCBFE7E5EA3:BC3CABEB9C6D2A27EFC15962FE9D5A56" box="[151,283,1885,1910]" country="Italy" county="Pompeiana" municipality="Imperia" name="Capocaccia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Liguria">Capocaccia</location>
, coastal juniper thicket,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27ED165962FD1A5A56" box="[576,668,1885,1910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-09">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27ED165962FD1A5A56" box="[576,668,1885,1910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-09">IX.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EDE75962FCB55A56" box="[689,819,1885,1910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. Badano</collectorName>
), 1 L3; same locality,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27EB125962FB195A56" box="[1092,1183,1885,1910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-04">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27EB125962FB195A56" box="[1092,1183,1885,1910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-04">IV.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1 L3; same locality,
<date id="CD5DDBF09C6D2A27EFC159BEFF6C5ABA" box="[151,234,1921,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-05">
<collectingDate id="DD1922189C6D2A27EFC159BEFF6C5ABA" box="[151,234,1921,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-05">V.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 4 L3 and 2 L3 laboratory-reared to adults.
<collectingRegion id="7B2733D29C6D2A27ED8C59BEFCB15ABA" box="[730,823,1921,1946]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EC6959BEFC1D5ABA" box="[831,923,1921,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Alghero</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27ECFD59BEFB865ABA" box="[939,1024,1921,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sassari</collectorName>
),
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27EB4559BEFB165ABA" box="[1043,1168,1921,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Carabuffas</collectorName>
, 3 L3 laboratory-reared from a female collected in the field (
<collectionCode id="DFF265F59C6D2A27ED66599AFDC05A9E" box="[560,582,1957,1982]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="141698E69C6D2A27ED07599AFD685A9E" box="[593,750,1957,1982]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. Pantaleoni</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="ED9CADB89C6E2A24EFC15993FB195AC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909401" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4909401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909401/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[151,249,1964,1986]" targetBox="[210,1375,205,1933]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6E2A24EFC15993FB195AC1" blockId="22.[151,1436,1961,2017]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6E2A24EFC15993FE995AE1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1964,1986]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6E2A24EE705992FC955AE2" authority="(Latreille, 1807)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[294,787,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendiculatus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6E2A24EE705992FDE45AE2" box="[294,610,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macronemurus appendiculatus</emphasis>
(Latreille, 1807)
</taxonomicName>
, 3
<superScript id="4E9650789C6E2A24EC7A5996FCBE5A96" attach="left" box="[812,824,1961,1974]" fontSize="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">rd</superScript>
instar larva (Italy: Sardinia, Alghero, Capo Caccia). Dorsal (above), ventral (middle) and lateral (below) view; a–c: diagnostic characters, see species description.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6F2A25EF915EA5FE675FA6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6F2A25EF915EA5FBFE5CD7" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EF915EA5FDB25D93" bold="true" box="[199,564,151,179]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Description of 3
<superScript id="4E9650789C6F2A25EEDE5EA8FE1E5D85" attach="left" box="[392,408,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">rd</superScript>
instar larva.
</emphasis>
Size (based on
<specimenCount id="AFE536B99C6F2A25EDBD5EA5FC0D5D93" box="[747,907,154,179]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
): BL
<quantity id="7E1B50D59C6F2A25EC9D5EA5FBB25D92" box="[971,1076,154,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.06" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="8.06">8.06 mm</quantity>
; HL
<quantity id="7E1B50D59C6F2A25EB385EA5FB525D92" box="[1134,1236,154,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.93">1.93 mm</quantity>
(1.79–2.11), HW
<quantity id="7E1B50D59C6F2A25EFC15E81FF7A5DF6" box="[151,252,190,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.72">1.72 mm</quantity>
(1.60–1.94), ML
<quantity id="7E1B50D59C6F2A25EE9E5E81FDAB5DF6" box="[456,557,190,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.67">1.67 mm</quantity>
(1.43–2.00), HW/HL 0.89, ML/HL 0.86. General colouring yellowish brown with a dark brown pattern, markings of the dorsal side regularly disposed creating three lines, ventral side very pale, yellowish or whitish; head capsule brown, darker than the body with dark markings on the sides, ventral side of the head very pale except a dark area at the base of the mandibles; antennae black; jaws dark brown; legs pale; setae of the body black. Head a little longer than wide; mandibles shorter than the head capsule and relatively robust (
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6F2A25EFB85F4DFEC85CAB" box="[238,334,370,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,205,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-46@22.[198,1389,193,1940]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Macronemurus appendiculatus (Latreille, 1807), 3rd instar larva (Italy: Sardinia, Alghero, Capo Caccia). Dorsal (above), ventral (middle) and lateral (below) view; a–c: diagnostic characters, see species description." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909401/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11a</figureCitation>
); interdental mandibular setae: (~4)(1)(1)(0). Pronotum covered by 4 parallel rows of setae with only very small setae interspersed between them (
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6F2A25ED8D5FA9FCB55C8F" box="[731,819,406,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[241,1323,508,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-216@11.[233,1335,499,1910]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pronotum of 3rd instar larvae of Dendroleontini and Nemoleontini; A, Dendroleon pantherinus; B, Nemoleon notatus; C, Distoleon tetragrammicus; D, Creoleon lugdunensis; E, Neuroleon nemausiensis; F, Macronemurus appendiculatus; G, Megistopus lucasi; H, Gymnocnemia variegata. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909373/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
); mesothoracic spiracles conical, reddish brown (
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6F2A25EA385FA9FF455CF3" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,205,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-46@22.[198,1389,193,1940]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Macronemurus appendiculatus (Latreille, 1807), 3rd instar larva (Italy: Sardinia, Alghero, Capo Caccia). Dorsal (above), ventral (middle) and lateral (below) view; a–c: diagnostic characters, see species description." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909401/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11b</figureCitation>
). Abdominal spiracles slightly raised; IX abdominal sternite covered by long digging setae; rastra prominent, bearing 4 subequal digging setae of which the internal seta is the shortest (
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6F2A25EC8E5FE1FBB35CD7" box="[984,1077,478,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1564,1586]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,197,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-239@10.[188,1398,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. IX and VIII abdominal sternite of 3rd instar larva of Dendroleontini and Nemoleontini. A, Dendroleon pantherinus; B, Nemoleon notatus; C, Distoleon tetragrammicus; D, Creoleon lugdunensis; E, Neuroleon assimilis; F, Macronemurus appendiculatus; G, Megistopus lucasi; H, Gymnocnemia variegata. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909369/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 3F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="21D8E1B59C6F2A25EB175FE1FBED5CD7" box="[1089,1131,478,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,205,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-46@22.[198,1389,193,1940]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Macronemurus appendiculatus (Latreille, 1807), 3rd instar larva (Italy: Sardinia, Alghero, Capo Caccia). Dorsal (above), ventral (middle) and lateral (below) view; a–c: diagnostic characters, see species description." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4909401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4909401/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6F2A25EF915C3DFE675FA6" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EF915C3DFED15F3B" bold="true" box="[199,343,514,539]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bio-ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6F2A25EE355C3CFDBE5F3B" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[355,568,514,539]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendiculatus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EE355C3CFDBE5F3B" box="[355,568,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. appendiculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very common species in south-western Europe, associated with arid grasslands and low scrublands. The larvae live in the soil in exposed conditions, among herbaceous plants and rocks; they also colonize rock crevices filled with fine substratum. Occasionally they are buried at the base of escarpments or isolated trees.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6F2A25EF915CADFEA85FEF" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6F2A25EF915CADFEA85FEF" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EF915CADFEE65F8B" bold="true" box="[199,352,658,683]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</emphasis>
Typical western Mediterranean faunal element, widely distributed in south-western Europe and North Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1F9AEBB9C6F2A25EF915CE5FE7E5EA3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B95CFD309C6F2A25EF915CE5FE7E5EA3" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EF915CE5FEBD5FD3" bold="true" box="[199,315,730,755]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
The larval stages of the other members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6F2A25ECA95CE4FB2F5FD2" authorityName="A.Costa" authorityYear="1855" box="[1023,1193,731,754]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25ECA95CE4FB2F5FD2" box="[1023,1193,731,754]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Macronemurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the east Mediterranean vicariant species
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6F2A25ED4F5D3FFCD85E37" authority="Brauer, 1868" authorityName="Brauer" authorityYear="1868" box="[537,862,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilineatus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25ED4F5D3FFD335E37" box="[537,693,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. bilineatus</emphasis>
Brauer, 1868
</taxonomicName>
, still need to be discovered. The larvae of
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6F2A25EA2B5D3FFEC45E1B" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1807" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Macronemurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendiculatus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EA2B5D3FFEC45E1B" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. appendiculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resemble the yellowish species of
<taxonomicName id="7EE386B39C6F2A25EC765D1DFC135E1B" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1909" box="[800,917,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Neuroleon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8B9721229C6F2A25EC765D1DFC135E1B" box="[800,917,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Neuroleon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, often sharing the same habitat, although they are easily distinguishable due to the proportionally stouter mandibles, the chaetotaxy of the pronotum and the digging setae of the IX sternite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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