521 lines
63 KiB
XML
521 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="D077188A27372D0D0D80C0525548563D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3609.6.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0764bd23-6190-4145-97b6-aae7db169c8a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="219312" ID-ZooBank="046410E8-079F-4FBF-B0EF-361DFCE92E2C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460573078236" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anderson, Owen F." docDate="2013" docId="275FE5736D54FFD98C99FE8AFC3D3C86" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03609p567.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3609 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hapalosoma amynina Anderson, 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D07B1026-DBF8-4C07-8BC5-3CADF2871202" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="564" masterDocId="DB669D0B6D73FFF28C0EFFC0FFC53D72" masterDocTitle="A review of New Zealand and southeast Australian echinothuriinids (Echinodermata: Echinothuriidae) with descriptions of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="567" masterPageNumber="521" pageNumber="560" updateTime="1698322607592" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="0DA748B5931C8544C9F089219CCE4D96" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08DE0F765ADBBED5025378D39E14FA3C">
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<mods:title id="F090C5E8D70395BCC3ABA029A28ECEE4">A review of New Zealand and southeast Australian echinothuriinids (Echinodermata: Echinothuriidae) with descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E91418F6756EF926D74175A45CB7F1F9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1FC732C385A42BCD5514EB15D207652D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4E061AFF240ADDFDCE047486B29FAFA6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="75184A13C38158A20E6E6BB3AEFEF63A">Anderson, Owen F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E5581B9D606D9B011732AF785B3D9B7B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="DE60B29DD3F5D21D66197478BDA7F689">
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<mods:title id="D2A43FC7633BB372950EBFC6E37C304D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0F7B7AFE391171756A27754FEFF95F3B">
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<mods:date id="894957D17C1E5448DCFDF9DB45646C2A">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4CA8FD22402CBBC3BAEBD8588156A86F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EF61103E0D5A7A944D6DAAB682E4B2F5">3609</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="EC82CAC2BD0A621D03A953551FB2F43A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="591AE1D8A4A064F28C8124AF98A35330">6</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F87F0830DD493D46A893C9AF6C195238">521</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="7D1EE76574B55A56179C026E866C1287">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F2CD36CBE6F2C7292155A3D0B6B69BF7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3609.6.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2F8AA324709B5E439BADB72B8C8E410B" type="GBIF-Dataset">0764bd23-6190-4145-97b6-aae7db169c8a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="07C50845F3FB8EA6A65F9B2A5939FF8F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="25A5BFF5BC4E32F6797AB2F229801AB5" type="Zenodo-Dep">219312</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B653867124CC237F6100738DCF01F9B3" type="ZooBank">046410E8-079F-4FBF-B0EF-361DFCE92E2C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="275FE5736D54FFD98C99FE8AFC3D3C86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5622896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119559577" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5622896" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D07B1026-DBF8-4C07-8BC5-3CADF2871202" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/275FE5736D54FFD98C99FE8AFC3D3C86" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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||
<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D54FFD58C99FE8AFE503CF7" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58C99FE8AFDC33C16" blockId="39.[151,518,330,389]" box="[151,518,330,356]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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||
<heading id="F401E3096D54FFD58C99FE8AFDC33C16" bold="true" box="[151,518,330,356]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58C99FE8AFDC33C16" bold="true" box="[151,518,330,356]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D54FFD58C99FE8AFE643C16" ID-CoL="3JKKL" box="[151,417,330,356]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58C99FE8AFE643C16" bold="true" box="[151,417,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Hapalosoma amynina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="86B1350C6D54FFD58DA6FE8AFDC33C16" box="[424,518,330,356]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58C99FEADFE503CF7" blockId="39.[151,518,330,389]" box="[151,405,365,389]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D54FFD58C99FEADFEC53CF7" box="[151,256,365,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,912,935]" captionTargetBox="[505,1085,207,846]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[476,1119,187,888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary spine sections (left, oral; right, aboral). A, Araeosoma migratum (NIWA 45089); B, A. bakeri (NIWA 6564); C, Hapalosoma amynina (NIWA 6621); D, A. tertii (NIWA 29453); E, A. alternatum (NIWA 53579); F, A. anatirostrum (NIWA 29442); G, A. thetidis (NIWA 29419); H, A. bidentatum (NIWA 23720); I, A. leppienae (NIWA 23724)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219315/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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C, 4B, 32–35
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D54FFD58C99FE75FDB93943" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58C99FE75FDD53F67" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58C99FE75FF3B3CBF" box="[151,254,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D54FFD58C99FE75FF3B3CBF" box="[151,254,437,461]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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—From Rungapapa seamount in the Bay of Plenty, northeast
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<collectingCountry id="D7E114F56D54FFD58FCAFE76FBA43CBF" box="[964,1121,437,461]" name="New Zealand" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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:
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58863FE75FB363CBF" box="[1133,1267,437,461]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.543335">37° 32.6´S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5890CFE75FA523CBF" box="[1282,1431,437,461]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.98334">176° 59.0´E</geoCoordinate>
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, 166–
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58CDEFE19FEDD3C83" box="[208,280,473,497]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
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||
(
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58D27FE19FE423C83" box="[297,391,473,497]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="111.0">111 mm</quantity>
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TD), NIWA6621. Deposited in the NIC, Wellington. Caught on
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<date id="DB4872A56D54FFD58860FE19FA8C3C83" box="[1134,1353,473,497]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" value="2004-11-13">13 November 2004</date>
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by RV
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<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D54FFD58C99FE3EFEC73F67" box="[151,258,510,533]" class="Arachnida" family="Uloboridae" genus="Tangaroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58C99FE3EFEC73F67" box="[151,258,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Tangaroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Stored in 80% ethanol.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FDE2FC7B3F9F" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58CC9FDE2FEFC3F4B" box="[199,313,546,569]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
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<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D54FFD58CC9FDE2FEFC3F4B" box="[199,313,546,569]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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—Bay of Plenty (all on or in the vicinity of Rungapapa and Tuatoru Knoll):
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<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD588A4FDE1FAEE3F4B" box="[1194,1323,545,569]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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(
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58932FDE1FA593F4B" box="[1340,1436,545,569]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="106.0">106 mm</quantity>
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TD),
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58CDBFD85FE9C3F2F" box="[213,345,581,605]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.543335">37° 32.6´S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58D69FD85FE3E3F2F" box="[359,507,581,605]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.98334">176° 59.0´E</geoCoordinate>
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, 166–
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58E4CFD85FD493F2F" box="[578,652,581,605]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
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, NIWA81374;
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<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58F37FD85FC7F3F2F" box="[825,954,581,605]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
(
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58FC4FD85FBEF3F2F" box="[970,1066,581,605]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="108.0">108 mm</quantity>
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TD),
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5887FFD85FB303F2F" box="[1137,1269,581,605]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.476665">37° 28.6´S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5890DFD85FA523F2F" box="[1283,1431,581,605]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="177.215">177° 12.9´E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, 180–
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||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58CC1FDA9FEDB3FF3" box="[207,286,617,641]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="179.0">179 m</quantity>
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, NIWA6619;
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<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58DCBFDA9FD8F3FF3" box="[453,586,617,641]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
(
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||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58E51FDA9FD703FF3" box="[607,693,617,641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="99.0">99 mm</quantity>
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||
TD),
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58F0AFDA9FC543FF3" box="[772,913,617,641]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.535">37° 32.1´S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58FADFDA9FB853FF3" box="[931,1088,617,641]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97">176° 58.2´E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, 217–
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58885FDA9FB1D3FF3" box="[1163,1240,617,641]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="169.0">169 m</quantity>
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, NIWA45139;
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<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58980FDA9FEC93FD7" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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(
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58D13FD4DFE623FD7" box="[285,423,653,677]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.91" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="99100.0">99, 100 mm</quantity>
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TD),
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58DE3FD4DFDB53FD7" box="[493,624,653,677]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.533333">37° 32.0´S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58E70FD4DFCD43FD7" box="[638,785,653,677]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.98">176° 58.8´E</geoCoordinate>
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, 219–
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<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58F56FD4DFC653FD7" box="[856,928,653,677]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="176.0">176 m</quantity>
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||
, NIWA6620;
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||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58831FD4DFB7A3FD7" box="[1087,1215,653,677]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD588C1FD4DFAEA3FD7" box="[1231,1327,653,677]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="105.0">105 mm</quantity>
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||
TD),
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<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5897BFD4DFF2C3FBB" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.55">37° 33.0´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58CF8FD71FE433FBB" box="[246,390,689,713]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97">176° 58.2´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 176–
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58DC5FD71FDD63FBB" box="[459,531,689,713]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
|
||
, NIWA29416;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58EB3FD71FCFE3FBB" box="[701,827,689,713]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58F45FD71FC6C3FBB" box="[843,937,689,713]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="108.0">108 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58FE2FD71FBA83FBB" box="[1004,1133,689,713]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.55">37° 33.0´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58877FD71FACF3FBB" box="[1145,1290,689,713]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97">176° 58.2´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 176–
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58941FD71FA523FBB" box="[1359,1431,689,713]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
|
||
, NIWA81372. All stored in 80% ethanol except NIWA81372, stored dry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FD39FDB93943" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58CC9FD39FEB13E63" box="[199,372,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Other material</emphasis>
|
||
—Bay of Plenty (mostly on or in the vicinity of Rungapapa, Tuatoru, Tumokemoke, and Rangitira Knolls):
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58D61FCDDFE343E47" box="[367,497,797,821]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58E0DFCDDFD933E47" box="[515,598,797,821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="99.0">99 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58E91FCDDFCE33E47" box="[671,806,797,821]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.56333">37° 33.8´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58F38FCDDFC093E47" box="[822,972,797,821]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97833">176° 58.7´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 370–
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD5881BFCDDFB9A3E47" box="[1045,1119,797,821]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="176.0">176 m</quantity>
|
||
, NIWA29417;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58901FCDDFA593E47" box="[1295,1436,797,821]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(101, 93 mm TD),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58D62FC81FE2B3E2B" box="[364,494,833,857]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.55">37° 33.0´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58DF5FC81FD4B3E2B" box="[507,654,833,857]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97">176° 58.2´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 280–
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58EDAFC81FCDE3E2B" box="[724,795,833,857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
|
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, NIWA29455;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58FCBFC81FB8D3E2B" box="[965,1096,833,857]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5885AFC81FB103E2B" box="[1108,1237,833,857]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.5">37° 30.0´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD588ECFC81FAB13E2B" box="[1250,1396,833,857]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.4">176° 24.0´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC9363;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58D4DFCA5FE033E0F" box="[323,454,869,893]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58DDAFCA5FD9D3E0F" box="[468,600,869,893]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.47167">37° 28.3´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58E68FCA5FD3E3E0F" box="[614,763,869,893]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="177.215">177° 12.9´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC9522;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58FD4FCA5FB9E3E0F" box="[986,1115,869,893]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58862FCA5FB0E3E0F" box="[1132,1227,869,893]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="115.0">115 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5891CFCA5FA523E0F" box="[1298,1431,869,893]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.468334">37° 28.1´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58C99FC49FEDE3ED3" box="[151,283,905,929]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="177.11667">177° 7.0´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58D26FC49FEB73ED3" box="[296,370,905,929]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="230.0">230 m</quantity>
|
||
, NIWA29444;
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58E13FC49FD5A3ED3" box="[541,671,905,929]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58EA5FC49FCE83ED3" box="[683,813,905,929]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.27">37° 16.2´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58F35FC49FC0B3ED3" box="[827,974,905,929]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.84334">176° 50.6´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC3678 (dry);
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD588E8FC49FAAC3ED3" box="[1254,1385,905,929]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5897BFC49FF293EB7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.553333">37° 33.2´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58CF5FC6DFE553EB7" box="[251,400,941,965]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.97833">176° 58.7´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC3680 (dry);
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58EBFFC6DFCF33EB7" box="[689,822,941,965]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58F4DFC6DFC0D3EB7" box="[835,968,941,965]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-37.613335">37° 36.8´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58FD9FC6DFBA83EB7" box="[983,1133,941,965]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="176.995">176° 59.7´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC3677 (dry);
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58980FC6DFEC13E9B" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, “Bay of Plenty”,
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58DC3FC11FD8B3E9B" box="[461,590,977,1001]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.63" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="172.5" valueMax="182.0" valueMin="163.0">163–182 m</quantity>
|
||
, Te Papa EC1232 (dry). West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7E114F56D54FFD58F93FC11FC333E9B" box="[925,1014,977,1001]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Norfolk</collectingCountry>
|
||
Ridge:
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58843FC11FB123E9B" box="[1101,1239,977,1001]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(88, 90 mm),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5897BFC11FF2F397F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-33.755">33° 45.3´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58CF6FC35FE4F397F" box="[248,394,1013,1037]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="167.285">167° 17.1´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58D96FC35FDDC397F" box="[408,537,1013,1037]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.565" metricValueMax="2.59" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="256.5" valueMax="259.0" valueMin="254.0">254–259 m</quantity>
|
||
, MV (TAN0308/99);
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D54FFD58F1FFC35FC51397F" box="[785,916,1013,1037]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD58FAEFC35FBE6397F" box="[928,1059,1013,1037]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="92" value="-32.68833">32° 41.3´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAC232A26D54FFD5883FFC35FB17397F" box="[1073,1234,1013,1037]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" precision="9" value="167.635">167° 38.10´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Te Papa EC3679 (dry). Those not dry stored in 80% ethanol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D54FFD58CC9FBFDFB9D3927" box="[199,1112,1085,1110]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FBFDFB9D3927" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" box="[199,1112,1085,1110]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58CC9FBFDFEFA3927" box="[199,319,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
—Named after Amy and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D54FFD58E55FBFDFCCC3927" authority="Anderson" authorityName="Anderson" box="[603,777,1085,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Nina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nina Anderson</taxonomicName>
|
||
, used as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D54FFD58CC9FBA2FD56387B" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FBA2FD56387B" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58CC9FBA2FEFC390B" box="[199,313,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
—Adults relatively large for the genus, up to
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58F58FBA1FC73390B" box="[854,950,1121,1145]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="115.0">115 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD, test outline sub-pentagonal; test and spines deep red; dactylous pedicellariae with 3 valves. Tridentate pedicellariae of two kinds; a smaller form in a range of sizes with long, narrow blades and a larger form with massively expanded blades. Primary tubercles on every plate in the adradial interambulacral series on the oral side, continuing above the ambitus for 1–2 plates as the only primary tubercles on the aboral side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D54FFD88CC9FAD6FAC03DDD" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="563" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FAD6FCEF3893" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D54FFD58CC9FAD6FE8E385F" box="[199,331,1302,1325]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Description</emphasis>
|
||
—Test of
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D54FFD58DB4FAD5FDD9385F" box="[442,540,1301,1325]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D54FFD58E24FAD5FD5D385F" box="[554,664,1301,1325]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1033,1056]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,320,1011]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,299,1013]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov., holotype, NIWA 6621 (111 mm TD). Left, aboral view; right, oral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219344/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Figure 32</figureCitation>
|
||
) moderate size (
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D54FFD58F5EFAD5FC6B385F" box="[848,942,1301,1325]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="560" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD), sub-pentagonal, flattened, ambitus not much rounded. Colour of test, spines, and tube-feet brilliant red, owing to the pigment in skin and test plates—the latter dark red underneath the skin. This red colour contrasts strongly with the white of the hoofs, spine bases where the skin has rubbed off, and to a lesser extent the tips (sucking discs) of the oral tube-feet. When cleaned, the membranous spaces between plates are also white. Primary tubercles perforate and non-crenulate. Ratio of interambulacrum to ambulacrum width at the ambitus, 2:1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9FA2DFCAE3BC8" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">The interambulacral columns cleaned for examination have 33 plates, 14 on the oral side and 19 aborally; ambulacral columns have 42 plates, 21 on each side. Interambulacral plates very long and narrow aborally, only slightly angled to each other; although exact plate boundaries partially concealed by thick membranous connective tissue, distinct membranous spaces clearly visible in the median area between successive plates. Wide gaps between columns in the interambulacral midline, becoming narrower towards the ambitus. Interambulacral plates relatively much wider orally, with a much narrower midline gap.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D54FFD58CC9F905FA593AAB" blockId="39.[151,1437,437,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">
|
||
Aboral test plating (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D54FFD58DABF905FDE53BAF" box="[421,544,1733,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1033,1056]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,320,1011]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,299,1013]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov., holotype, NIWA 6621 (111 mm TD). Left, aboral view; right, oral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219344/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">Figures 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D54FFD58E22F905FD893BAF" box="[556,588,1733,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[495,1115,1107,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[474,1117,1096,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 33. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov., holotype, NIWA 6621. Details of coronal plates. Top, aboral; bottom, oral; left, ambulacra; right, interambulacra." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219345/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="560">33</figureCitation>
|
||
): Aboral primary tubercles limited to one or two at the ambitus which mark the end of the main oral interambulacral series. Between 4 and 6 equal-sized and evenly spaced large secondary tubercles on the outermost interambulacral plates, mostly towards the outer end, gradually reducing in number on successive plates adapically so that on the 8 or 9 innermost plates there is only a single tubercle. These tubercles align to form usually four oblique series down each column, becoming less regular and more limited to the outer edge of the plates adapically, the outer two series generally ending about half way up the column. The inner half of these plates bare except for a few smaller secondary tubercles which may form into discernable series parallel to those of the larger tubercles. Secondary tubercles in the aboral ambulacra arranged into two series at the inner end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5BFFDA8C99FF57FB0D3C6E" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">One series, adjacent to the inner tube-feet, occurs very regularly on each plate in the column; the other series perradial to the first, occurring in the outer half of the column, less regular. Tube-feet arranged into evenly spaced rows of three, inner accessory plate pore often noticeably larger than outer, main plate pore generally adjacent to outer margin. Smaller secondary and miliary tubercles not obvious on remaining area of plates.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FB8904ED6D5BFFDA8C99FBC9FAFD3952" box="[151,1336,1033,1056]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219344/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" targetBox="[151,1435,320,1011]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5BFFDA8C99FBC9FAFD3952" blockId="40.[151,1336,1033,1056]" box="[151,1336,1033,1056]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5BFFDA8C99FBC9FEE5396D" bold="true" box="[151,288,1033,1056]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D5BFFDA8D2BFBCAFDC13952" box="[293,516,1034,1056]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5BFFDA8D2BFBCAFDC13952" box="[293,516,1034,1056]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">Hapalosoma amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="86B1350C6D5BFFDA8E04FBCBFD9E3952" box="[522,603,1035,1056]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, NIWA6621 (111 mm TD). Left, aboral view; right, oral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="FB8904ED6D5BFFDA8C99F86CFE2C3A93" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219345/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" targetBox="[495,1115,1107,1907]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5BFFDA8C99F86CFE2C3A93" blockId="40.[151,1436,1964,2017]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5BFFDA8C99F86CFEE43AB3" bold="true" box="[151,289,1964,1987]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D5BFFDA8D27F86CFDCC3AB0" box="[297,521,1964,1986]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5BFFDA8D27F86CFDCC3AB0" box="[297,521,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="561">Hapalosoma amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="86B1350C6D5BFFDA8E1FF86DFDA13AB0" box="[529,612,1965,1986]" pageId="40" pageNumber="561" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, NIWA6621. Details of coronal plates. Top, aboral; bottom, oral; left, ambulacra; right, interambulacra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9FF57FDE93CCF" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Apical system about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8DBBFF57FDC03DDD" box="[437,517,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
across; component plates scattered with small spines, their exact number and the plate edges difficult to determine due to the covering of skin and membranous tissue. Madreporite raised, roughly circular. Genital pores small, opening in a membranous space within or beyond the genital plates. Some details of the apical system are clearer in the cleaned and dried
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8EF3FF3DFC983C67" box="[765,861,253,277]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(NIWA29416). In this specimen the genital plates are composed of 3–4 separate plates, the whole distinctly elongated so that the genital pore is located down the interradius generally adjacent to about the third interambulacral plate. In one column, however, there are two genital plates which extend down to the 5th or 6th interambulacral plate, in a similar fashion to that frequently observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D5AFFDB8D2CFE44FDD23CEE" box="[290,535,388,412]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="migratum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5AFFDB8D2CFE44FDD23CEE" box="[290,535,388,412]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Araeosoma migratum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also in this specimen about 45 small plates can be seen surrounding the anus, the inner ones forming a rough ring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9FE07FB3F3E50" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Oral test plating (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D5AFFDB8D87FE07FE3E3CAD" box="[393,507,455,479]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[495,1115,1107,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[474,1117,1096,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 33. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov., holotype, NIWA 6621. Details of coronal plates. Top, aboral; bottom, oral; left, ambulacra; right, interambulacra." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219345/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Figure 33</figureCitation>
|
||
): A regular adradial series of primary tubercles in the interambulacra, occurring on every plate from the peristome to the ambitus and usually continuing onto the aboral side for one or two plates. An inner series of primary tubercles, occasionally missing a plate, runs from near the interradial suture just beneath the ambitus to about mid-plate in the centre of the column where it ceases or, more noticeably in the dry
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8932FDF3FA593F39" box="[1340,1436,563,587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(NIWA29416) is continued by secondary tubercles down to the peristome. Parts of the aboral series of secondary tubercles continue onto the oral side to form one or two indistinct series down the outer end of the plate, this feature again more obvious in the dried
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8E0EFD60FDA13FCA" box="[512,612,672,696]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Ambulacra with a small primary tubercle in a perradial position on a few of the plates in the distal half; plates without these tubercles bear instead secondary tubercles of various sizes which combine to form a rough series down each column. In addition to this each plate has 1–3 secondary tubercles randomly placed; miliary tubercles and granules not obvious over the remaining space on the plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9FCEFFED03E88" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Only ambulacral plates on the peristome, about 11 or 12 per column; all but one or two of the smaller distal plates bear a single tube-foot surrounded by 3–4 tubercles spread along the plate. Interambulacral midline cut back deeply away from the peristome to accommodate movement of the jaw, this cut away area replaced by a thin membrane. This feature much more clearly clearly seen in the dried
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8F81FC5BFC373EC1" box="[911,1010,923,947]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which otherwise differs slightly from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8CCAFC7FFEE33EA5" box="[196,294,959,983]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in that there are fewer (9–11) plates per column. Buccal notches shallow, gills moderately large, lobate, red.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9FBC7FCD33985" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Spines cylindrical, hollow, red; milled ring usually slightly oblique; shafts smooth, with up to about 45 fine, longitudinal striations. These striations simple v-shaped wedges in cross-section in the aboral spines examined, but club-shaped wedges with distal extensions in the oral spines. Oral spine wall moderately thick, with a layer of meshwork; aboral spine wall very thin, with no strengthening meshwork in the spines sectioned (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D5AFFDB88DFFBB2FAF439F8" box="[1233,1329,1138,1162]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,912,935]" captionTargetBox="[505,1085,207,846]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[476,1119,187,888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary spine sections (left, oral; right, aboral). A, Araeosoma migratum (NIWA 45089); B, A. bakeri (NIWA 6564); C, Hapalosoma amynina (NIWA 6621); D, A. tertii (NIWA 29453); E, A. alternatum (NIWA 53579); F, A. anatirostrum (NIWA 29442); G, A. thetidis (NIWA 29419); H, A. bidentatum (NIWA 23720); I, A. leppienae (NIWA 23724)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219315/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Many oral primary spines remain intact on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8E55FB57FD0439DD" box="[603,705,1175,1199]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; these spines distinctly curved (towards the mouth) and ending in a white hoof of moderate length (up to about
|
||
<date id="DB4872A56D5AFFDB8EA4FB7AFD0039A0" box="[682,709,1210,1234]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">2x</date>
|
||
spine width) and slightly flared (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D5AFFDB8847FB7AFB6839A0" box="[1097,1197,1210,1234]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[508,1073,1074,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[474,1117,1040,1656]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oral spine hoofs. A, Araeosoma thetidis (NIWA 6595); B, Hapalosoma amynina (NIWA 6621); C, A. alternatum (NIWA 53579); D, A. migratum (NIWA 45089); E, A. tertii (NIWA 29453); F, A. bakeri (NIWA 6564); G, A. anatirostrum (NIWA 29442); H, A. bidentatum (NIWA 23720)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219316/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The largest spine (which lacks a hoof)
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8D8DFB1FFE173985" box="[387,466,1247,1271]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8E3AFB1FFD4F3985" box="[564,650,1247,1271]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9FAC2FE9D3BD5" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Pedicellariae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D5AFFDB8D67FAC2FE1A3868" box="[361,479,1282,1306]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[234,1368,517,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[234,1381,517,1934]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 34. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov., holotype, NIWA 6621. SEM images of pedicellariae. A – C, valves of triphyllous pedicellariae; D, G, H, valves of narrow-bladed tridentate pedicellariae; E & I, dactylous pedicellariae (E, base; I, tip); F, valve of large, broad-bladed pedicellaria." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219346/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Figure 34</figureCitation>
|
||
): Three forms of pedicellariae present in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8FFDFAC2FB9D3868" box="[1011,1112,1282,1306]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. A very large, rare, rostrate tridentate form up to about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8DDAFAE7FDD2384D" box="[468,535,1319,1343]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
head length with simple, large, rounded blades which broaden towards the tip from a narrow base, similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D5AFFDB8E57FA8CFC1C3810" authority="Mortensen 1935" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1935" box="[601,985,1354,1379]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="peluccidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5AFFDB8E57FA8CFD3A3811" box="[601,767,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">H. peluccidum</emphasis>
|
||
(Mortensen 1935)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the neck very short, the stalk long. A smaller rostrate tridentate form, in a range of sizes, similar to the large form but with much narrower blades only slightly expanded distally; neck about half the head length, stalk about 2–2.5 times the head length. Triphyllous pedicellariae of the usual form, about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8E57FA77FD2038BD" box="[601,741,1463,1487]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
head length with a long neck (2–3 times head length) and slightly longer stalk. The blade relatively short, strengthened with light meshwork in some specimens, the involute basal part completely enclosed usually only for a short distance above the base. Dactylous pedicellariae of the usual form for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D5AFFDB8CF3F9E3FE493B49" box="[253,396,1571,1595]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5AFFDB8CF3F9E3FE493B49" box="[253,396,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Hapalosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Mortensen 1935, figure 69d), head about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8F91F9E2FC243B48" box="[927,993,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with three valves reduced to fine, fragile rods enveloped within large conjoined glands. No obvious neck, stalk about 2–3 times head length. These pedicellariae relatively common on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB8E5BF9AAFD723BF0" box="[597,695,1642,1666]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and other specimens searched, generally found on the aboral side near the ambitus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9F972FBA63B9D" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Sphaeridia sub-spherical (about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8E37F972FD563BB8" box="[569,659,1714,1738]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8EF0F972FC923BB8" box="[766,855,1714,1738]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) with distinct longitudinal striations, located perradial and slightly adoral to the base of the inner tube foot in each ambulacral plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9F93BFE9D3A45" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5AFFDB8CC9F93BFEF83A61" box="[199,317,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Size range</emphasis>
|
||
—The average test diameter of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D5AFFDB8EDEF93AFCAD3A60" box="[720,872,1786,1810]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
measured was
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8816F93AFBBD3A60" box="[1048,1144,1786,1810]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="102.0">102 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and the largest specimen was
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D5AFFDB8CC7F8DFFEE03A45" box="[201,293,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="115.0">115 mm</quantity>
|
||
TD.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D5AFFDB8CC9F883FDB23A98" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D5AFFDB8CC9F883FE8F3A28" box="[199,330,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
—All but 3 of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D5AFFDB8E13F882FD733A28" box="[541,694,1858,1882]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="generic">21 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(14 out of 16 records) were collected from a group of seamounts within a small area in the Bay of Plenty, in the northeast of the North Island. The remaining specimens come from two samples trawled from Wanganella Bank on the West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7E114F56D5AFFDB8F28F84AFCBA3AD0" box="[806,895,1930,1954]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Norfolk</collectingCountry>
|
||
Ridge, west of the northern tip of North Island (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37CD48E06D5AFFDB8C90F86FFED73AB5" box="[158,274,1967,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1825,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1289,570,1759]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[158,1428,538,1821]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 35. Hapalosoma amynina sp. nov. Distribution of confirmed records within the New Zealand region, from material examined. Number of records = 16. The dashed line is the 1000 m depth contour." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219347/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="562">Figure 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Seven of the Bay of Plenty records (eleven individuals in all, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D5AFFDB888AF86FFB2D3AB5" box="[1156,1256,1967,1991]" pageId="41" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) were collected from a single seamount, Rungapapa Knoll.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D59FFD88CC9FF57FAC03DDD" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1285,151,176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">
|
||
The conservative depth range for the species is
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D59FFD88ED5FF57FC9E3DDD" box="[731,859,151,175]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.855" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" unit="m" value="185.5" valueMax="254.0" valueMin="117.0">117–254 m</quantity>
|
||
, with a potential range of
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D59FFD88871FF57FAC43DDD" box="[1151,1281,151,175]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.06" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" unit="m" value="238.0" valueMax="370.0" valueMin="106.0">
|
||
106–
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D59FFD888B8FF57FAC43DDD" box="[1206,1281,151,175]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" type="generic">370 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7EC07EE6D59FFD98CC9FF7CFC3D3C86" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D59FFD88CC9FF7CFA923C6E" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88CC9FF7CFEEC3DA6" box="[199,297,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
—The Te Papa specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88E6BFF7DFC793DA6" authority="Te Papa EC1232" authorityName="Te Papa EC" authorityYear="1232" box="[613,956,188,212]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88E6BFF7DFD2D3DA6" box="[613,744,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
(Te Papa EC1232)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was included in Baker’s (1972) account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88C99FF20FE5D3D8A" box="[151,408,224,248]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="coriaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88C99FF20FE5D3D8A" box="[151,408,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">Araeosoma coriaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as his specimen No. 2. As explained above, Baker’s other specimen (No. 1) was also incorrectly identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88DA6FEC4FDF83C6E" box="[424,573,260,284]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="coriaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88DA6FEC4FDF83C6E" box="[424,573,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">A. coriaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is now the
|
||
<typeStatus id="704DEAC76D59FFD88EE3FEC4FC8A3C6E" box="[749,847,260,284]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of the new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88822FEC4FB3F3C6E" box="[1068,1274,260,284]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bakeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88822FEC4FB3F3C6E" box="[1068,1274,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">Araeosoma bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="86B1350C6D59FFD8890FFEC5FA923C6E" box="[1281,1367,261,284]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D59FFD88CC9FEE7FB6C3CA2" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">
|
||
The oral surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88DA2FEE9FDF43C32" box="[428,561,297,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88DA2FEE9FDF43C32" box="[428,561,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is at first glance remarkably similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD8885CFEE8FAD43C32" box="[1106,1297,296,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tertii">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD8885CFEE8FAD43C32" box="[1106,1297,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">Araeosoma tertii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the colour, spines and hoofs being almost indistinguishable. It is not until the tuberculation of the aboral surface is examined that the two species can easily be separated. It is also interesting that the two species have been found in similar locations and at similar depths;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88DF6FE55FDBE3CDE" box="[504,635,405,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88DF6FE55FDBE3CDE" box="[504,635,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D59FFD88E92FE54FCDC3CDE" box="[668,793,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.855" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" unit="m" value="185.5" valueMax="254.0" valueMin="117.0">117–254 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88F40FE54FC663CDE" box="[846,931,404,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Araeosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tertii">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88F40FE54FC663CDE" box="[846,931,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">A. tertii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D59FFD88FCBFE54FB833CDE" box="[965,1094,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" unit="m" value="220.0" valueMax="260.0" valueMin="180.0">
|
||
180–
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9F09FEC6D59FFD88FF2FE54FB833CDE" box="[1020,1094,404,428]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" type="generic">260 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Despite this similarity, details of the aboral surface and especially the pedicellariae place them clearly into different genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FB8904ED6D59FFD88C99F85FFE1A3A81" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219346/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" targetBox="[234,1368,517,1934]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D59FFD88C99F85FFE1A3A81" blockId="42.[151,1436,1951,2035]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88C99F85FFEE43AC7" bold="true" box="[151,289,1951,1974]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D59FFD88D26F860FDC23AC4" box="[296,519,1952,1974]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D59FFD88D26F860FDC23AC4" box="[296,519,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="563">Hapalosoma amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="86B1350C6D59FFD88E01F861FDA43AC4" box="[527,609,1953,1974]" pageId="42" pageNumber="563" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, NIWA6621. SEM images of pedicellariae. A–C, valves of triphyllous pedicellariae; D, G, H, valves of narrow-bladed tridentate pedicellariae; E&I, dactylous pedicellariae (E, base; I, tip); F, valve of large, broad-bladed pedicellaria.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF4954656D58FFD98CC9FF57FC3D3C86" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">
|
||
The pedicellariae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98DBCFF59FDF33DC2" box="[434,566,153,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98DBCFF59FDF33DC2" box="[434,566,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98F72FF59FBD93DC2" box="[892,1052,152,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Asthenosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98F72FF59FBD93DC2" box="[892,1052,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and this, or perhaps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98903FF59FA593DC2" box="[1293,1436,152,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98903FF59FA593DC2" box="[1293,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(known from a single specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7E114F56D58FFD98E35FF7CFD213DA6" box="[571,740,188,212]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
), may be its closest relative. The aboral surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98917FF7DFA593DA6" box="[1305,1436,189,212]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98917FF7DFA593DA6" box="[1305,1436,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98D8BFF21FDD23D8A" box="[389,535,224,248]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98D8BFF21FDD23D8A" box="[389,535,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the near absence of primary tubercles and rows of similar size secondary tubercles on the interambulacral plates, but whereas there are up to 13–14 such tubercles on the widest plates near the ambitus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98D49FEE9FE1C3C32" box="[327,473,296,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98D49FEE9FE1C3C32" box="[327,473,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are only about
|
||
<quantity id="680EF9806D58FFD98ED6FEE7FCC23C4D" box="[728,775,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98F1FFEE9FC5D3C32" box="[785,920,297,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98F1FFEE9FC5D3C32" box="[785,920,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pedicellariae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98895FEE9FAE93C32" box="[1179,1324,296,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98895FEE9FAE93C32" box="[1179,1324,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not described in any detail by Rowe (1989) but the tridentate form observed on his specimen is quite distinct from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98CB8FEB1FEFC3CFA" box="[182,313,369,392]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98CB8FEB1FEFC3CFA" box="[182,313,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being relatively much shorter and wider. No examples of the large, broad-valved form common to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98C99FE55FED83CDE" box="[151,285,405,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98C99FE55FED83CDE" box="[151,285,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98D56FE55FE3C3CDE" box="[344,505,404,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Asthenosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98D56FE55FE3C3CDE" box="[344,505,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were seen on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98EAAFE55FCF13CDE" box="[676,820,404,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98EAAFE55FCF13CDE" box="[676,820,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The red colouration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD9885CFE55FB123CDE" box="[1106,1239,405,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="amynina">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD9885CFE55FB123CDE" box="[1106,1239,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. amynina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite constant among the individuals examined, and differs entirely from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98FB8FE79FB8F3CA2" box="[950,1098,440,464]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98FB8FE79FB8F3CA2" box="[950,1098,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pale green),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD988F9FE79FA5E3CA2" box="[1271,1435,440,464]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Asthenosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD988F9FE79FA5E3CA2" box="[1271,1435,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(whitish), and the fourth member of this genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68F62FE66D58FFD98EA9FE1DFC903C86" box="[679,853,476,500]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hapalosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="43" pageNumber="564" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gemmiferum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8288776D58FFD98EA9FE1DFC903C86" box="[679,853,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="564">H. gemmiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(light brown).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |