140 lines
17 KiB
XML
140 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="B09D4C6A2437C700B10FB604AA229664" ENCODING="UTF8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="849a9d10-c07c-46b2-8104-40991f863c9a" ModsDocAuthor="van der Hammen, L." ModsDocDate="1959" ModsDocID="ORI111" ModsDocOrigin="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/148866" ModsDocTitle="Berlese's Primitive Oribatid Mites" checkinTime="1326879907731" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="van der Hammen, L." docDate="1959" docId="4A67A9A4BEE626958E207048FD642CFE" docLanguage="en" docName="vanderHammen1959_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zoologische Verhandelingen 40" docSource="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/148866" docTitle="Sphaerochthonius gemma" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="21A98ADFF4D6ACB8C046B731D66A6379" masterDocTitle="Berlese's Primitive Oribatid Mites" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1701313550157" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C7DEA89DEB788E1D68BCCB15D0F7573F">Berlese's Primitive Oribatid Mites</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="A01B394CF63FE596A53BE2BB263FD22F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BAF7A3643BE36628908323B293FBF2B4">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F79FDDCE1F6C481A0EBE51B957ABD03B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="38582F34C3256A15E483B124A578B4DD">van der Hammen, L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DB10C8A9EE502AFB6AF971D7A41DBDB8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="057EE29253B5FC2F1D0C790D4A694EF8">
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<mods:title id="AA9144A9BC03E252643D563D34B4697B">Zoologische Verhandelingen</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="69D2908B5B1CDE91EA2D4A3B90644874">
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<mods:date id="D1AE4E0482A29C6212F0F96A6CAD521F">1959</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4F23C9FCF7D0C1D2DF7C7094932EF893" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0A7D51475885DCEA0DC8B096A05D94A5">40</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7ADB56295DCE8E52FFD2825E7485D9F6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B58630FA60A90888AD3E75FBFA7D9AC4">93</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="A7C12B22EDFEB54B16FA9C56259A476F">http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/148866</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="B0EA615B1BE0EE333B47E18A3137B6E6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6B8C719942237CA60A84637D23FE138F" type="Plazi-Custom">ORI111</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A8BDD17EEA707FE20D3AF1E9FA03A43" type="ZooBank">0DC6B575-3CB3-41C1-A3EC-850520AE4487</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4A67A9A4BEE626958E207048FD642CFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6285338" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100123076" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6285338" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A67A9A4BEE626958E207048FD642CFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A67A9A4BEE626958E207048FD642CFE" lastPageNumber="27" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="2AB25C8F03164AF25F6EB2C739B6B8B3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="26A5CEC9B3DC0B5736DC8FAABAA89BFF" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="1C005CD11671BD6E6D053AABAE2A5102" ID-CoL="4YPWF" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">Sphaerochthonius gemma</taxonomicName>
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(Oudemans, 1909)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FF8B2C053C7B4063D7579574FA2555A" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5B9C49A554C259BA5F136398B84EBB86" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="199B27377174D1804A3AA1B915F8FC35" class="Arachnida" family="Hypochthoniidae" genus="Hypochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">Hypochthonius gemma Oudemans</taxonomicName>
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, 190g, pp. 319, 320.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24F940B60F8CF72554A4735291E79EF8" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="329F388C73825DC90B3F67ADB0301078" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">Sphaerochthonius elegans Berlese</taxonomicName>
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, 1910a, p. 266; 1916b, p. 337.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B23EE47E31452B4FB1D1479F4394D62" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="C42027A865E04EDFC27356C6D35D2179" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmochthoniidae" genus="Cosmochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">Cosmochthonius gemma Oudemans</taxonomicName>
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1917, P. 343: 1917a, p. 2.S, figs. 51, 52.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4579009CBF89D28F8B0778F48D6D6C88" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="9FAC0601CD0008D576EDD2AEA4C4BE7D" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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For the present I place the name
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<taxonomicName id="8FB9CEC33BC405FB74F24B3CE3E269D6" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">Sphaerochthonius elegans</taxonomicName>
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in the synonymy of
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<taxonomicName id="A53EB392DE56ADFE3E372B04A5F7EA76" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="75" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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, although it is impossible to give certainty about this supposition without remounting of the type-specimen of the first-mentioned species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7731627DAEFD4225FD9724CEF45F0FE1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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The types of
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<taxonomicName id="AC2E1082DFFA517BBDBFBE064EAD85C4" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="82" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">S. elegans</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="452DF120B585C38362022B43CD50EFE0" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="106" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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originate from Java; in both cases they have been collected by Jacobson. Oudemans as well as Berlese have been under the impression that their specimens belonged to the adult stage; they regarded the presence of three dorsal "coupures" as an important specific character. For this reason Oudemans (1917) even classified the species in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="3991D74BF1271225B99327E7B6D034B4" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmochthoniidae" genus="Cosmochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cosmochthonius</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D09544ECB93466887EFEB8A613158883" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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To our knowledge, only juvenile specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="D3C2DB2B28BCEFFC813006795C4DCBA3" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphaerochthonius</taxonomicName>
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have 3 dorsal "coupures". The fact that in this genus the notogaster of the juveniles is already partly scleritized, easily leads to the erroneous conclusion that nymphs are adults; this happened indeed in the present case.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="93BC3C7E948C382143314C74E23904B3" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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In 1910 Berlese characterized
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<taxonomicName id="69368FAF791777D24087317E865CA228" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="209" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">S. elegans</taxonomicName>
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as a species from Java, strongly
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<pageBreakToken id="35606AD529C63A7347AE94685371AE10" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">different</pageBreakToken>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="396AEBE80F9C3673ABAD8EA75DD971C9" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">S. splendidus</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of T-shaped dorsal hairs (!) and 3 dorsal "coupures". Evidently Berlese later no more remembered this description because in 1916 he described
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<taxonomicName id="879EED84FD5ADB4ABF806D57B9EEE29F" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="254" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">S. elegans</taxonomicName>
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again as a new species, by this time not only from Java but also from Italian Somaliland. In this second description the species is characterized as closely resembling (!)
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<taxonomicName id="A99B7D7E7B73AF3EC4EB7E61DB386E17" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">S. splendidus</taxonomicName>
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but different by the division of the notogaster into 4 segments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D9F21A64366DB0B097878E0CCAA18C0" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="30B2D8821C299529BAA56CE6C452EE55" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">In the Berlese Collection 3 slides are present: no. 129/50 from Java (designated as type) and nos. 160/43, 44 from former Italian Somaliland.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7755A8D59215127165A98C956C7445D9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="406E09A2ECB8D0B98905CCE0D7835A25" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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All specimens distinctly have 3 dorsal "coupures" and monodactyle legs. I compared the preparations with the type of
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<taxonomicName id="9F77C925B1F92880D5596CEF5DA850AC" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="380" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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(Oudemans) and observed a distinct similarity in habitus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C65D7BF18AB38B3F62AB1485E22BAE0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Oudemans (1909) described
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<taxonomicName id="0F1FDEAF4874A6493477FA7A6044CEF2" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="399" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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as a
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<taxonomicName id="71997B0CFCA0501C9C3B5BFD7504967C" class="Arachnida" family="Hypochthoniidae" genus="Hypochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hypochthonius</taxonomicName>
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. He stated a close relationship with
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<taxonomicName id="E86A4A24AAFF1C6DE55D6D690B06D742" class="Arachnida" family="Hypochthoniidae" genus="Hypochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">Hypochthonius splendidus</taxonomicName>
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(later
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<taxonomicName id="4AD62F0E3E443900FDB459155A4F471F" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphaerochthonius</taxonomicName>
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), but observed the presence of 3 dorsal "coupures", although in his opinion 2 of these might be caused by pressure of the cover-glass. In 1917 he attached more value to the number of "coupures" and thought that an alteration of the generic diagnosis of
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<taxonomicName id="D9646E18DB6754EE096898300E4C7604" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmochthoniidae" genus="Cosmochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cosmochthonius</taxonomicName>
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should allow to include
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<taxonomicName id="6CFB1B252B0F6ECBBB6F1111BD67B56B" class="Arachnida" family="Hypochthoniidae" genus="Hypochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="467" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">H. gemma</taxonomicName>
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into this genus; a detailed description followed shortly afterwards (Oudemans, 1917a). Oudemans regarded the type-specimen as adult, and this Impression is also suggested by the description, especially because Oudemans figures the reticulate microsculpture as rather heavy. Grandjean (1932, p. 34) already supposed that
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<taxonomicName id="5294B779EF6FC4CF2EBA5A01098976FF" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">gemma</taxonomicName>
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probably is a
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<taxonomicName id="C7D8998B033D99A6263D0CC719CC0E9D" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphaerochthonius</taxonomicName>
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; he expressed as his opinion that the posterior two "coupures" would appear to be nothing but dorsal ridges.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="88ED50970C58F694F08723CC571C594B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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After remounting the single slide of
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<taxonomicName id="9C5B635609819F2B88CEC327CECE022B" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="566" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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, the type speeimen appeared to be in a condition sufficient to establish the following characters in addition to Oudemans's description. The animal is nearly colourless, and the reticulate microsculpture is faint. The notogaster distinctly shows 3 dorsal "coupures". The legs are monodactyle but for the rest the claw-segment has nearly the same remarkable strueture as in the adults of
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<taxonomicName id="2182EEB619A1ED830B92F111C81BB6AB" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">S. splendidus</taxonomicName>
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. The strip of soft skin, laterally of the "unguinal" pieces, is much larger than in Oudemans's figure, the surface of this part is striated. The genital opening is small, and each of the Covers bears only 3 hairs; there are only one pair of genital suckers. Consequently, it is unmistakable that the type is a juvenile speeimen. Because in some
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<taxonomicName id="99097111057B1162DD8AC536F90D2BE8" infraOrder="Enarthronota" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="infraOrder">Enarthronota</taxonomicName>
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the development of the number of genital suckers differs from the normal scheme, it is not certain to which stage the speeimen belongs, but judging from facts known in related species, it most likely is a deutonymph.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4726AB72431CB408EBE5C846AFF707D8" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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In summarizing the above-mentioned facts, I arrive at the conclusion that
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<taxonomicName id="927FD5DA794C8CCF8660CDAF04DAAF3C" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="764" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemma">S. gemma</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8D71E5D35684F7FBE3CE0C76689F7DAC" class="Arachnida" family="Sphaerochthoniidae" genus="Sphaerochthonius" genus.bestMatchDistance="748" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">S. elegans</taxonomicName>
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possibly are synonymous, that both have been described
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<pageBreakToken id="F89793403B8697202408D0E0726D7B04" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">after</pageBreakToken>
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juvenile specimens, but that the adults of the species are unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |