183 lines
17 KiB
XML
183 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.618.9451" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80474f7d-3128-41cb-933c-2ff3b2393a33" ID-PMC="PMC5102049" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-618-39" ID-PubMed="27853399" ID-ZBK="D471637D9FCA475AAA9344C6FF96AA0F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-618-39" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 618" ModsDocTitle="Five new species of the genus Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 from Singapore" checkinTime="1474312371308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tong, Yanfeng, Koh, Joseph K. H., Tong, Xiujiao & Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2016" docId="B9637E72D66CB6A34B288A2295EFF2AE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 618: 39-66" docOrigin="ZooKeys 618" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.618.9451" docTitle="Ischnothyreus tectorius Tong & Li, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8044453E-C913-4CB4-A9C0-4179733324F6" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFD2FFDBD231CF124306BB41FF96FFE4" masterDocTitle="Five new species of the genus Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 from Singapore" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668163529172" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Five new species of the genus Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 from Singapore</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tong, Yanfeng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Koh, Joseph K. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tong, Xiujiao</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>618</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>66</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.618.9451</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.618.9451</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-618-39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D471637D9FCA475AAA9344C6FF96AA0F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D471637D9FCA475AAA9344C6FF96AA0F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127886340" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8044453E-C913-4CB4-A9C0-4179733324F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B9637E72D66CB6A34B288A2295EFF2AE" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Oonopidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/8044453E-C913-4CB4-A9C0-4179733324F6" authority="Tong & Li" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus tectorius" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectorius">Ischnothyreus tectorius Tong & Li</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="47">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 13, 14, 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
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Holotype: male (LKCNHM), Singapore: Central Catchment Nature Reserve, near Mandai Agrotechnology Park, Alt. 46 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4149166">1°24'53.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.79894">103°47'56.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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, Sep 1, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg. Paratypes: 7 males, 7 females (LKCNHM), same data as holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Other material studied.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
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2 males, 1 female (SYNU-73), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Alt. 86 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3603889">1°21'37.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.775">103°46'30.0"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 24, 2015, S. Li and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="48" start="start">Y</pageBreakToken>
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. Tong leg.; 7 males, 10 females (SYNU-74), Singapore: Central Catchment Nature Reserve, near Singapore Zoo, Alt. 50 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4061944">1°24'22.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.785385">103°47'7.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 30, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 12 females (SYNU-75), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Seraya Loop, Alt. 118 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3570555">1°21'25.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.7737">103°46'25.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 17, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 6 males, 9 females (SYNU-76), Singapore: Central Catchment Nature Reserve (off Mandai Lake Road), Alt. 39 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4085277">1°24'30.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.78092">103°46'51.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 31, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 2 males, 5 females (SYNU-77), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Catchment Path, Alt. 107 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3534722">1°21'12.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.78072">103°46'50.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 20, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 6 males, 11 females (SYNU-78), Singapore: Central Catchment Nature Reserve, near Singapore Zoo, Alt. 50 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4061944">1°24'22.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.785385">103°47'7.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 30, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 4 males, 3 females (SYNU-79), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Jungle Fall Stream, Alt. 118 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3570555">1°21'25.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.7737">103°46'25.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 18, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 3 males, 3 females (SYNU-80), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Jungle Fall Stream, Alt. 118 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3570555">1°21'25.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.7737">103°46'25.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 18, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 2 males, 2 females (SYNU-81), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Jungle Fall Stream, Alt. 118 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3570555">1°21'25.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.7737">103°46'25.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 18, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 2 males, 2 females (SYNU-82), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Bukit Timah Summit, Alt. 163 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.354625">1°21'16.65"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.776375">103°46'34.95"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 19, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 1 female (SYNU-83), Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Catchment Path, Alt. 107 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3534722">1°21'12.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.78072">103°46'50.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 20, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 2 females (SYNU-84), Singapore: Central Catchment Nature Reserve (off Mandai Lake Road), Alt. 39 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4085277">1°24'30.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.78092">103°46'51.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 31, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.; 2 males, 1 female (SYNU-90), Singapore: Pulau Ubin, Alt. 2 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4216666">1°25'18.0"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.94039">103°56'25.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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, August 22, 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">The specific epithet means "usable to cover a roof" in Latin, and refers to the long protruding extension on male clypeus; adjective.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">The new species can be distinguished from the congeneric species by the strongly protruding extension (spe) on male clypeus (Fig. 13I), the modifications on male chelicerae (Figs 13G, H, 15F) and the large, plate like sclerite (pls) in the female epigastric region (Fig. 14J, K).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus tectorius" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectorius">Ischnothyreus tectorius</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male. A, C, E habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views B, D, F, I prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views G, H left chelicera, anterior and posterior views. Abbreviations: spe = strongly protruding extension; ste = sclerotized, triangular extension. Scale bars: A, C, E = 0.4 mm; B, D, F, I = 0.2 mm; G, H = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 14.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus tectorius" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectorius">Ischnothyreus tectorius</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female. A, C, E habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views B, D, F prosoma, dorsal, lateral and ventral views G, H, J epigastric region, ventral view I, K epigastric region, dorsal view (H, I cleared in lactic acid). Abbreviations: a = apodeme; pls = plate-like sclerite; tsa = triangular-shaped atrium; wt = winding tube. Scale bars: A, C, E =0.4 mm; B, D, F = 0.2 mm;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–K">G-K</normalizedToken>
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= 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus tectorius" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectorius">Ischnothyreus tectorius</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male. A, D left palp, prolateral view B left palpal bulb, dorsal view C, E left palp, retrolateral view F left chelicerae, anterior view. Abbreviations: sls = scape-like sclerite; vp = ventral projection; vpr = ventral protuberance. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
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Male (holotype). Total length 1.26; carapace 0.73 length, 0.57 width; abdomen 0.65 length, 0.35 width. Habitus as in Fig. 13A, C, E. Carapace: pale orange, with brown egg-shaped patches behind eyes, ovoid in dorsal view, strongly elevated in lateral view, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica smooth, sides strongly reticulate, fovea absent, lateral margin straight, smooth (Fig. 13B, D). Clypeus: anterior margin with strongly protruding extension (spe) (Fig. 13I). Carapace anterolateral corners with strongly sclerotized, triangular extension (ste) (Fig. 13D). Eyes: six, well developed, ALE largest, ALE circular, PME and PLE oval, posterior eye row procurved from both above and front, ALE separated by less than their radius, ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching, PLE-PME touching. Sternum: longer than wide, pale orange, uniform, not fused to carapace, surface smooth, setae
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="49" start="start">sparse</pageBreakToken>
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. Mouthparts: chelicerae, endites and labium orange. Chelicerae straight, base of fang unmodified, strongly sclerotized at lateral margin of paturon, proximal part of paturon with a scape-like sclerite (sls) (Fig. 15F), fang groove with a small denticle. Labium rectangular, fused to sternum, anterior margin not indented at middle. Antero
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="50" start="start">median</pageBreakToken>
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tip of endites with one strong, tooth-like projection (Fig. 13E, F). Abdomen: ovoid, rounded posteriorly. Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Pedicel tube short, ribbed, scutum not extending far dorsal of pedicel. Dorsal scutum well sclerotized, pale orange, covering approximately 4/5 of abdomen length, 2/3 of abdomen width, fused to epigastric scutum, middle surface and sides smooth. Epigastric and postepigastric scutum well sclerotized, pale orange, fused, without posteriorly directed lateral apodemes. Dorsum setae present, light, needle-like. Legs: pale orange, femur I with two prolateral and two small retrolateral spines, tibia I with four pairs, metatarsus I with two pairs of long ventral spines. Leg II spination is similar to leg I except femur with only one prolateral and one retrolateral spine. Legs III and IV spineless. Genitalia: epigastric region with sperm pore large, circular, situated at level of anterior spiracles, anterior margin of sperm pore with a fringe of needle-like setae. Palp strongly sclerotized, right and left palps symmetrical, proximal segments brown, trochanter with ventral projection (vp) (Fig. 15C), cymbium brown, fused with bulb, bulb brown, more than two times as long as cymbium, tapering apically, with two small ventral protuberance (vpr) (Fig. 15E), distal part elongated, end stout (Fig. 15A, C, D, E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Female (paratype). Total length 1.24; carapace 0.72 length, 0.44 width; abdomen 0.77 length, 0.56 width. Habitus as in Fig. 14A, C, E. As in male except as noted. Carapace: without any pattern, broadly oval in dorsal view. Clypeus: margin unmodified, ALE separated from edge of carapace by less than their radius. Mouthparts: chelicerae and endites unmodified. Abdomen: dorsal scutum covering less than 1/2 of abdomen length, less than 1/3 of abdomen width. Postepigastric scutum rectangular, strongly sclerotized. Genitalia: the posterior margin of the epigastric scutum is lined with numerous needle-like setae. The epigastric groove is narrow. From the middle of the strongly thickened margin of the postepigastric scutum runs a dark, winding tube posteriorly (wt), ending in a triangular-shaped atrium (tsa) (Fig. 14J); from dorsal view, a large, plate like sclerite (pls) covers the internal structures (Fig. 14K).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Singapore.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |