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<document id="6E99A8AF496E0E9DF95463CA65D4E2E6" ID-CLB-Dataset="2500" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5092.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d398a06-dda1-412f-ac7a-855f7ef9a66a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5869488" ID-ZooBank="A546CCCB-6072-434B-B366-1AFB1BE20CD8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1642495732090" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gill, Anthony C." docDate="2022" docId="1B7A87C4FFB9FFC4B7AB1BE6FD8BFD82" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5092.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5092 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nemanthias Smith 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="E743FFBCFFB2FFCBB73C186CFFFEFFE3" masterDocTitle="Revised definitions of the anthiadine fish genera Mirolabrichthys Herre and Nemanthias Smith, with description of a new genus (Teleostei: Serranidae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1699302727720" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BDB2C79E6A31990318CA24268563A2AB">Revised definitions of the anthiadine fish genera Mirolabrichthys Herre and Nemanthias Smith, with description of a new genus (Teleostei: Serranidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="4BFEEBBB529E0C2D4A27BB177F53F81E">Macleay Collections, Chau Chak Wing Museum, University Avenue, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Anthony. c. gill @ sydney. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8990 - 3657 &amp; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. &amp; Ichthyology, Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="1B7A87C4FFB9FFC4B7AB1BE6FD8BFD82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5883167" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192443539" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5883167" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B7A87C4FFB9FFC4B7AB1BE6FD8BFD82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7A87C4FFB9FFC4B7AB1BE6FD8BFD82" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FE82FC47" box="[151,380,906,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FE82FC47" blockId="11.[151,380,906,933]" box="[151,380,906,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="C82481BEFFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FE82FC47" bold="true" box="[151,380,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FE82FC47" ID-CoL="63DMK" ID-ENA="428435" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,380,906,933]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FE82FC47" bold="true" box="[151,380,906,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1BE6FED4FC46" bold="true" box="[151,298,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias</emphasis>
Smith
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1BA3FE40FC04" blockId="11.[151,1437,975,1091]" box="[151,446,975,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitation id="127210C3FFB9FFC0B7AB1BA3FE40FC04" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[151,446,975,999]" page="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" year="1954">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B7AB1BA3FE40FC04" ID-CoL="63DMK" authority="Smith 1954: 4" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,446,975,999]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1BA3FEEEFC04" box="[151,272,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B6231BA3FE40FC04" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[287,446,975,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref17724" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1954) Two interesting new anthiid fishes from East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 7, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935408651683" type="journal article" year="1954">Smith 1954: 4</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B6F01BA3FEC0FBE5" blockId="11.[151,1437,975,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
(masculine;
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFB9FFC0B56D1BBCFD83FC0B" box="[593,637,976,1000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B5DE1BA3FBA0FC04" ID-CoL="6RVDC" authority="Smith, 1954" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[738,1118,975,999]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B5DE1BA3FC37FC04" box="[738,969,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias carberryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B4EB1BA3FBA0FC04" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[983,1118,975,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref17724" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1954) Two interesting new anthiid fishes from East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 7, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935408651683" type="journal article" year="1954">Smith, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation and monotypy).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFB9FFC0B7AB1C60FE21FBC6" box="[151,479,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1C60FE21FBC6" blockId="11.[151,1437,975,1091]" box="[151,479,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitation id="127210C3FFB9FFC0B7AB1C60FE21FBC6" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[151,479,1036,1061]" page="342" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" year="1955">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B7AB1C60FE21FBC6" authority="Smith 1955: 342" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="342" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,479,1036,1061]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Emmelanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1C60FED6FBC7" box="[151,296,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Emmelanthias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B60D1C60FE21FBC6" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[305,479,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="337 - 350" refId="ref17770" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) The fishes of the family Anthiidae of the western Indian Ocean. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8, 337 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935508655649" type="journal article" year="1955">Smith 1955: 342</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFB9FFC0B6D41C60FD14FBA0" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B6D41C60FD14FBA0" blockId="11.[151,1437,975,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
(masculine;
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFB9FFC0B55A1C61FD6CFBC6" box="[614,658,1037,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B5D11C60FB6DFBC7" ID-CoL="39H3K" authority="Smith, 1955" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1955" box="[749,1171,1036,1060]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Emmelanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmapteron">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B5D11C60FBF2FBC7" box="[749,1036,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Emmelanthias stigmapteron</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B3281C60FB6DFBC7" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1044,1171,1036,1060]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="337 - 350" refId="ref17770" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) The fishes of the family Anthiidae of the western Indian Ocean. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8, 337 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935508655649" type="journal article" year="1955">Smith, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B3871C60FEB8FBA0" ID-CoL="6RVDC" authority="Smith, 1954" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B3871C60FA63FBC7" box="[1211,1437,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias carberryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B7FB1C47FEB8FBA0" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[199,326,1067,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref17724" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1954) Two interesting new anthiid fishes from East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 7, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935408651683" type="journal article" year="1954">Smith, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), by original designation and monotypy).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFB9FFC7B7AB1C1DFEDAFB5C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1C1DFC0EFB6F" blockId="11.[151,1008,1137,1164]" box="[151,1008,1137,1164]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1C1DFEF4FB68" bold="true" box="[151,266,1137,1163]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The following synapomorphies support monophyly of the genus:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1CD5FBD2F944" blockId="11.[151,1437,1209,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1CD5FDD0FB30" box="[151,558,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">1. Dorsal fin anteriorly positioned</emphasis>
. The dorsal-fin origin of most anthiadines is usually above or slightly behind the vertical through the posterior edge of the opercle. The main (proximal) shaft of the first pterygiophore either reclines posterodorsally or is perpendicular to the body axis (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFB9FFC0B44B1D6DFC0CFAFF" box="[887,1010,1281,1308]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,823,847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[151,1436,181,799]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Predorsal and anterior portion of dorsal fin of cleared and stained specimens.A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL; C) Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL; D) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL. Photographs are of the right side (digitally reversed) after removal of the pectoral girdle, scales, and skin. Abbreviations: DP, dorsal-fin pterygiophore; DS, dorsal-fin spines; NS, neural spines; SN, supraneurals. Scale bars = 2 mm. Photographs by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869498/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B31B1D6DFB53FAF8" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[1063,1197,1281,1307]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B31B1D6DFB53FAF8" box="[1063,1197,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the dorsal-fin origin is farther forward, varying from above the midpoint of the preopercle and opercle posterior edges to above the middle of the cheek, depending on species (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFB9FFC0B5861D25FCFEFA80" box="[698,768,1353,1379]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male examples of Nemanthias species.A) N. bartlettorum, BPBM 17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B) N. bicolor, BPBM 10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C) N. carberryi, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D) N. dispar, BPBM 16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E) N. ignitus, BPBM 18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F) N. regalis, BPBM 12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="DE510369FFB9FFC0B4321D25FC9BFA80" box="[782,869,1353,1379]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[150,238,544,570]" captionTargetBox="[165,2008,622,1603]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of selected dorsal-, anal- and pectoral-fin characters of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species. Abbreviations: ADPF, anterior dorsal-fin pterygiophore formula; OP, opercle; POP, preopercle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFBBFFC2B7AA1A4CFD2CFDBD" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" tableUuid="C7AC665AFFBBFFC2B7AA1A4CFD2CFDBD">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The primary (proximal) shaft of the first dorsalfin pterygiophore is angled distinctly anterodorsally (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFB9FFC0B4201D01FC66FA6B" box="[796,920,1389,1416]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,823,847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[151,1436,181,799]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Predorsal and anterior portion of dorsal fin of cleared and stained specimens.A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL; C) Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL; D) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL. Photographs are of the right side (digitally reversed) after removal of the pectoral girdle, scales, and skin. Abbreviations: DP, dorsal-fin pterygiophore; DS, dorsal-fin spines; NS, neural spines; SN, supraneurals. Scale bars = 2 mm. Photographs by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869498/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
). Similar anterior positioning of the dorsal fin and forward angling of the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore occurs in
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B48B1DFDFBB1FA48" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1873" box="[951,1103,1425,1451]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Odontanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B48B1DFDFBB1FA48" box="[951,1103,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Odontanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some species of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B2241DFDFE0FFA2C" authority="Randall &amp; Heemstra, 2006" authorityName="Randall &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="2006" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Meganthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B2241DFDFA62FA48" box="[1304,1436,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Meganthias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B7FA1DD9FE0FFA2C" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Heemstra, P. C." box="[198,497,1461,1488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref17139" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (2006) Review of the Indo - Pacific fishes of the genus Odontanthias (Serranidae: Anthiinae), with descriptions of two new species and a related new genus. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 38, 1 - 32, pls. 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2006">Randall &amp; Heemstra, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(but not others) and
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B5E41DDAFCD9FA33" authorityName="D.S.Jordan &amp; R.E.Richardson" authorityYear="1910" box="[728,807,1462,1488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Sacura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B5E41DDAFCD9FA33" box="[728,807,1462,1488]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Sacura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B4121DD9FB9FFA2C" author="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Richardson, R. E." box="[814,1121,1461,1487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="421 - 474" refId="ref15977" refString="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Richardson, R. E. (1910) A review of the Serranidae or sea bass of Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1714), 421 - 474. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.37 - 1714.421" type="journal article" year="1910">
<collectingCountry id="EBC47642FFB9FFC0B4121DD9FC87FA2C" box="[814,889,1461,1487]" name="Jordan" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Jordan</collectingCountry>
&amp; Richardson, 1910
</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B3531DD9FA69FA2C" author="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Randall, J. E." box="[1135,1431,1461,1487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref15245" refString="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Randall, J. E. (1979) A revision of the anthiine fish genus Sacura (Perciformes: Serranidae) with descriptions of two new species. The J. L. B Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 20, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1979">Heemstra &amp; Randall 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B7FA1DB5FE0AFA10" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Heemstra, P. C." box="[198,500,1497,1524]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref17139" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (2006) Review of the Indo - Pacific fishes of the genus Odontanthias (Serranidae: Anthiinae), with descriptions of two new species and a related new genus. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 38, 1 - 32, pls. 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2006">Randall &amp; Heemstra 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B53C1DB5FD15FA10" author="Gill A. C. &amp; Russell, B. C." box="[512,747,1497,1523]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="177 - 184" refId="ref14794" refString="Gill A. C. &amp; Russell, B. C. (2019) Redescription of Anthias xanthomaculatus Fourmanoir and Rivaton, and its reassignment in the genus Odontanthias Bleeker (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae). Zootaxa, 4568 (1), 177 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4568.1.11" type="journal article" year="2019">Gill &amp; Russell 2019</bibRefCitation>
); both molecular and morphological evidence suggests these taxa are closely related to each other (
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B54F1D91FCA4F9F4" author="Gill A. C. &amp; Russell, B. C." box="[627,858,1533,1559]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="177 - 184" refId="ref14794" refString="Gill A. C. &amp; Russell, B. C. (2019) Redescription of Anthias xanthomaculatus Fourmanoir and Rivaton, and its reassignment in the genus Odontanthias Bleeker (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae). Zootaxa, 4568 (1), 177 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4568.1.11" type="journal article" year="2019">Gill &amp; Russell 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B45B1D91FBC4F9F4" author="Zajonz, U. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V. &amp; Victor, B. C." box="[871,1082,1533,1560]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="501 - 510" refId="ref18264" refString="Zajonz, U., Bogorodsky, S. V. &amp; Victor, B. C. (2020) First record of Meganthias natalensis (Actinopterygii: Serranidae: Anthiadinae) from the Socotra Archipelago (north-western Indian Ocean), with notes on Odontanthias and Sacura. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50 (4), 501 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.3750 / AIEP / 03080" type="journal article" year="2020">
Zajonz
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B4801D92FC10F9F4" box="[956,1006,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). It also occurs in some species of the Atlantic/eastern Pacific genera
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B5451E4DFD31F9D8" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1792" box="[633,719,1569,1595]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B5451E4DFD31F9D8" box="[633,719,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Anthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B5E31E4DFBB3F9DF" authority="Steindachner, 1875" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1875" box="[735,1101,1569,1596]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Hemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B5E31E4DFC98F9D8" box="[735,870,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Hemanthias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B44C1E4DFBB3F9DF" author="Steindachner, F." box="[880,1101,1569,1596]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="375 - 390" refId="ref17819" refString="Steindachner, F. (1875) Ichthyologische Beitrage [I]. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematische-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 70 (1. Abth), 375 - 390, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1875">Steindachner, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B3671E4EFA62F9D8" authority="Gill, 1863" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[1115,1436,1569,1595]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pronotogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B3671E4EFAE0F9D8" box="[1115,1310,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Pronotogrammus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B2141E4DFA62F9D8" author="Gill, T." box="[1320,1436,1569,1595]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="80 - 88" refId="ref14977" refString="Gill, T. (1863) Catalogue of the fishes of Lower California, in the Smithsonian Institution, collected by Mr. J. Xantus. Part IV. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 15 (2), 80 - 88." type="journal article" year="1863">Gill, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B7CA1E29FD33F9BC" authority="Anderson &amp; Heemstra, 2012" authorityName="Anderson &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="2012" box="[246,717,1605,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Baldwinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7CA1E29FE83F9BC" box="[246,381,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Baldwinella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B6B81E29FD33F9BC" author="Anderson, W. D. Jr. &amp; Heemstra, P. C." box="[388,717,1605,1632]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 173" refId="ref13585" refString="Anderson, W. D. Jr. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (2012) Review of Atlantic and eastern Pacific anthiine fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Serranidae), with descriptions of two new genera. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 102 (2), i - xviii + 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="2012">Anderson &amp; Heemstra, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, morphological characters and preliminary molecular phylogenies suggest none of these genera is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B4431E05FBFBF960" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[895,1029,1641,1667]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B4431E05FBFBF960" box="[895,1029,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and I therefore consider the similar dorsal fin position and pterygiophore orientation to be independently derived.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFB9FFC0B7AB1EDDFD6DF808" blockId="11.[151,1437,1209,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B7AB1EDDFAFBF928" box="[151,1285,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">2. Males with posterior supernumerary spine on first dorsal-fin pterygiophore relatively elongate</emphasis>
. Anthiadines typically have three fin spines associated with the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore, two in supernumerary association (first and second spines) and one in serial association (third spine). Typically in males with elongate spines, only the serial spine is elongate, although some species of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B4961F71FBCFF8D4" authorityName="Anderson &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="2012" box="[938,1073,1821,1847]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Baldwinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B4961F71FBCFF8D4" box="[938,1073,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Baldwinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may have more posterior spines also elongate, and the anterior supernumerary spine is elongate or subequal to other spines in
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B2391F2DFDD4F89C" authority="(Randall &amp; Allen, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Randall &amp; Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pseudanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictilis">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B2391F2DFEECF89C" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Pseudanthias pictilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFB9FFC0B61C1F09FDDCF89C" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Allen, G. R." box="[288,546,1893,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="33 - 36" refId="ref17096" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Allen, G. R. (1978) Anthias pictilis, a new serranid fish from the subtropical southwestern Pacific. Revue francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie, 5 (2), 33 - 36." type="journal article" year="1978">Randall &amp; Allen, 1978</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In males of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B58B1F09FC66F89C" box="[695,920,1893,1919]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B58B1F09FCC3F89C" box="[695,829,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Nemanthias</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, the posterior supernumerary spine on the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore is relatively elongate and is often produced, filamentous and subequal to or longer than the serial spine (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFB9FFC0B68A1FC1FE05F824" box="[438,507,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male examples of Nemanthias species.A) N. bartlettorum, BPBM 17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B) N. bicolor, BPBM 10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C) N. carberryi, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D) N. dispar, BPBM 16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E) N. ignitus, BPBM 18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F) N. regalis, BPBM 12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Clarification of the homology of anterior dorsal-fin spines in the
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFB9FFC0B3D01FC2FAE2F82B" box="[1260,1308,1966,1992]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
species,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFB9FFC0B2BF1FC2FECEF808" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFB9FFC0B2BF1FC2FECEF808" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is provided in Remarks below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7AB18FBFC28FF1A" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B7AB18FBFD6FFF52" box="[151,657,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">3. High number of circumpeduncle scales</emphasis>
. Anthiadines typically have around 12–30 circumpeduncle scales.
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B7FA18D7FE5BFF36" box="[198,421,187,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B7FA18D7FEB2FF36" box="[198,332,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Nemanthias</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are relatively derived in having smaller and more numerous circumpeduncle scales, with counts of 29–36, modally 31 or more, depending on species (
<tableCitation id="DE510369FFBEFFC7B44E18B3FC37FF1A" box="[882,969,223,249]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,239,296,320]" captionTargetBox="[166,1381,337,1072]" captionText="TABLE 3. Summary of selected scalation characters of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" ID-Table-UUID="C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" box="[151,1369,296,321]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" startId="12.[151,239,296,320]" targetBox="[166,1381,337,1072]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" blockId="12.[151,1369,296,321]" box="[151,1369,296,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B7AB1944FEF4FEA3" bold="true" box="[151,266,296,320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Summary of selected scalation characters of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B5D21944FC64FEA3" authorityName="Herre" authorityYear="1927" box="[750,922,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B5D21944FC64FEA3" box="[750,922,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Mirolabrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B49B1944FBD8FEA3" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[935,1062,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B49B1944FBD8FEA3" box="[935,1062,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B3671944FAA7FEA3" box="[1115,1369,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B3671944FB00FEA3" box="[1115,1278,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Pyronotanthias</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B79A193DFB20FBD3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<table id="E1D3C472FFBE0034B79A193DFA9BFBD3" box="[166,1381,337,1072]" gridcols="6" gridrows="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A193DFA9BFE8A" box="[166,1381,337,361]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A193DFEAFFE8A" box="[166,337,337,361]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Species</th>
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A3193DFDADFE8A" box="[415,595,337,361]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Tubed lateral-line</th>
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE193DFCD7FE8A" box="[642,809,337,361]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Circumpeduncle</th>
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B463193DFC5FFE8A" box="[863,929,337,361]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Lower</th>
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E5193DFB82FE8A" box="[985,1148,337,361]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Auxiliary scales</th>
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B398193DFA9BFE8A" box="[1188,1381,337,361]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Dorsal and anal fin</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1919FA9BFE4E" box="[166,1381,373,429]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1919FEAFFE4E" box="[166,337,373,429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A19FAFEF6FE4E" box="[166,264,406,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="evansi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A19FAFEF6FE4E" box="[166,264,406,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">M. evansi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31919FDADFE4E" box="[415,595,373,429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scales 47–50</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1919FCD7FE4E" box="[642,809,373,429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scales 25–28</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631919FC5FFE4E" box="[863,929,373,429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">jaw scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51919FB82FE4E" box="[985,1148,373,429]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">on body present</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981919FA9BFE4E" box="[1188,1381,373,429]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">basal scalation broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A19D7FA9BFE30" box="[166,1381,443,467]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A19D7FEAFFE30" box="[166,337,443,467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A19D0FEDEFE30" box="[166,288,443,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Entonanthias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pascalus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A19D0FEDEFE30" box="[166,288,443,467]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">M. pascalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A319D7FDADFE30" box="[415,595,443,467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">48–52</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE19D7FCD7FE30" box="[642,809,443,467]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">25–27</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B46319D7FC5FFE30" box="[863,929,443,467]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E519D7FB82FE30" box="[985,1148,443,467]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">present</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B39819D7FA9BFE30" box="[1188,1381,443,467]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A198DFA9BFE1A" box="[166,1381,481,505]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A198DFEAFFE1A" box="[166,337,481,505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A198EFF0DFE1A" box="[166,243,481,505]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuka">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A198EFF0DFE1A" box="[166,243,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">M. tuka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A3198DFDADFE1A" box="[415,595,481,505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">45–49</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE198DFCD7FE1A" box="[642,809,481,505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">23–26</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B463198DFC5FFE1A" box="[863,929,481,505]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E5198DFB82FE1A" box="[985,1148,481,505]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">present</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B398198DFA9BFE1A" box="[1188,1381,481,505]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1A6BFA9BFDFC" box="[166,1381,519,543]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1A6BFEAFFDFC" box="[166,337,519,543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1A64FEC2FDFC" box="[166,316,519,543]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barlettorum">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1A64FEC2FDFC" box="[166,316,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. barlettorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31A6BFDADFDFC" box="[415,595,519,543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">54–58</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1A6BFCD7FDFC" box="[642,809,519,543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">29–32</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631A6BFC5FFDFC" box="[863,929,519,543]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">naked</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51A6BFB82FDFC" box="[985,1148,519,543]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981A6BFA9BFDFC" box="[1188,1381,519,543]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1A40FA9BFDA6" box="[166,1381,556,581]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1A40FEAFFDA6" box="[166,337,556,581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1A41FEF2FDA6" box="[166,268,557,581]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1A41FEF2FDA6" box="[166,268,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31A40FDADFDA6" box="[415,595,556,581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">57–64</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1A40FCD7FDA6" box="[642,809,556,581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">31–33</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631A40FC5FFDA6" box="[863,929,556,581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">naked</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51A40FB82FDA6" box="[985,1148,556,581]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981A40FA9BFDA6" box="[1188,1381,556,581]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1A3EFA9BFD89" box="[166,1381,594,618]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1A3EFEAFFD89" box="[166,337,594,618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1A3FFEDDFD89" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[166,291,594,618]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1A3FFEDDFD89" box="[166,291,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31A3EFDADFD89" box="[415,595,594,618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">50–56</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1A3EFCD7FD89" box="[642,809,594,618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">30–32</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631A3EFC5FFD89" box="[863,929,594,618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51A3EFB82FD89" box="[985,1148,594,618]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981A3EFA9BFD89" box="[1188,1381,594,618]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1A14FA9BFD73" box="[166,1381,632,656]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1A14FEAFFD73" box="[166,337,632,656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1A15FEFAFD73" box="[166,260,632,656]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1A15FEFAFD73" box="[166,260,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31A14FDADFD73" box="[415,595,632,656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">55–63</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1A14FCD7FD73" box="[642,809,632,656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">32–35</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631A14FC5FFD73" box="[863,929,632,656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51A14FB82FD73" box="[985,1148,632,656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981A14FA9BFD73" box="[1188,1381,632,656]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1AF2FA9BFD55" box="[166,1381,670,694]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1AF2FEAFFD55" box="[166,337,670,694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1AF3FEF6FD55" box="[166,264,671,694]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignitus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1AF3FEF6FD55" box="[166,264,671,694]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. ignitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31AF2FDADFD55" box="[415,595,670,694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">53–58</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1AF2FCD7FD55" box="[642,809,670,694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">29–33</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631AF2FC5FFD55" box="[863,929,670,694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51AF2FB82FD55" box="[985,1148,670,694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981AF2FA9BFD55" box="[1188,1381,670,694]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1AA8FA9BFD3F" box="[166,1381,708,732]" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1AA8FEAFFD3F" box="[166,337,708,732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1AA9FEF6FD3F" box="[166,264,708,732]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1AA9FEF6FD3F" box="[166,264,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">N. regalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31AA8FDADFD3F" box="[415,595,708,732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">56–62</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1AA8FCD7FD3F" box="[642,809,708,732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">32–36</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631AA8FC5FFD3F" box="[863,929,708,732]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">naked</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51AA8FB82FD3F" box="[985,1148,708,732]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981AA8FA9BFD3F" box="[1188,1381,708,732]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1A85FA9BFCE1" box="[166,1381,745,770]" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1A85FEAFFCE1" box="[166,337,745,770]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1A86FED4FCE1" box="[166,298,746,770]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurulentus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1A86FED4FCE1" box="[166,298,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. aurulentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31A85FDADFCE1" box="[415,595,745,770]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">47–51</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1A85FCD7FCE1" box="[642,809,745,770]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">25–26</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631A85FC5FFCE1" box="[863,929,745,770]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51A85FB82FCE1" box="[985,1148,745,770]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981A85FA9BFCE1" box="[1188,1381,745,770]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1B63FA9BFCC4" box="[166,1381,783,807]" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1B63FEAFFCC4" box="[166,337,783,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1B7CFEBAFCC4" box="[166,324,783,807]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimarginatus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1B7CFEBAFCC4" box="[166,324,783,807]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. bimarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31B63FDADFCC4" box="[415,595,783,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">37–44</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1B63FCD7FCC4" box="[642,809,783,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">21–24</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631B63FC5FFCC4" box="[863,929,783,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51B63FB82FCC4" box="[985,1148,783,807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981B63FA9BFCC4" box="[1188,1381,783,807]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1B59FA9BFCAE" box="[166,1381,821,845]" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1B59FEAFFCAE" box="[166,337,821,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1B5AFEBCFCAE" box="[166,322,821,845]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavoguttatus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1B5AFEBCFCAE" box="[166,322,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. flavoguttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31B59FDADFCAE" box="[415,595,821,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">47–52</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1B59FCD7FCAE" box="[642,809,821,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">24–25</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631B59FC5FFCAE" box="[863,929,821,845]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51B59FB82FCAE" box="[985,1148,821,845]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981B59FA9BFCAE" box="[1188,1381,821,845]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1B37FA9BFC90" box="[166,1381,859,883]" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1B37FEAFFC90" box="[166,337,859,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1B30FF1DFC90" box="[166,227,859,883]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lori">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1B30FF1DFC90" box="[166,227,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. lori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31B37FDADFC90" box="[415,595,859,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">49–52</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1B37FCD7FC90" box="[642,809,859,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">25–28</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631B37FC5FFC90" box="[863,929,859,883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51B37FB82FC90" box="[985,1148,859,883]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981B37FA9BFC90" box="[1188,1381,859,883]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1BEDFA9BFC7A" box="[166,1381,897,921]" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1BEDFEAFFC7A" box="[166,337,897,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1BEDFECBFC7B" box="[166,309,897,920]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvirostris">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1BEDFECBFC7B" box="[166,309,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. parvirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31BEDFDADFC7A" box="[415,595,897,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">41–44</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1BEDFCD7FC7A" box="[642,809,897,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">21–24</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631BEDFC5FFC7A" box="[863,929,897,921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51BEDFB82FC7A" box="[985,1148,897,921]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981BEDFA9BFC7A" box="[1188,1381,897,921]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1BCAFA9BFC5D" box="[166,1381,934,958]" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1BCAFEAFFC5D" box="[166,337,934,958]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1BCBFEE9FC5D" box="[166,279,935,958]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="privitera">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1BCBFEE9FC5D" box="[166,279,935,958]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. privitera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31BCAFDADFC5D" box="[415,595,934,958]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">47–52</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1BCAFCD7FC5D" box="[642,809,934,958]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">25–26</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631BCAFC5FFC5D" box="[863,929,934,958]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51BCAFB82FC5D" box="[985,1148,934,958]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981BCAFA9BFC5D" box="[1188,1381,934,958]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1BA0FA9BFC07" box="[166,1381,972,996]" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1BA0FEAFFC07" box="[166,337,972,996]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1BA1FECFFC07" box="[166,305,972,996]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithvanizi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1BA1FECFFC07" box="[166,305,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. smithvanizi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31BA0FDADFC07" box="[415,595,972,996]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">44–48</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1BA0FCD7FC07" box="[642,809,972,996]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">23–25</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631BA0FC5FFC07" box="[863,929,972,996]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51BA0FB82FC07" box="[985,1148,972,996]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981BA0FA9BFC07" box="[1188,1381,972,996]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1B9EFA9BFBE9" box="[166,1381,1010,1034]" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1B9EFEAFFBE9" box="[166,337,1010,1034]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1B9FFEEFFBE9" box="[166,273,1011,1034]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timanoa">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1B9FFEEFFBE9" box="[166,273,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. timanoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31B9EFDADFBE9" box="[415,595,1010,1034]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">48–56</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1B9EFCD7FBE9" box="[642,809,1010,1034]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">27–30</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631B9EFC5FFBE9" box="[863,929,1010,1034]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51B9EFB82FBE9" box="[985,1148,1010,1034]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981B9EFA9BFBE9" box="[1188,1381,1010,1034]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DE33490FFBE0034B79A1C74FA9BFBD3" box="[166,1381,1048,1072]" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<th id="6E325DECFFBE0034B79A1C74FEAFFBD3" box="[166,337,1048,1072]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBEFFC7B79A1C75FEAFFBD3" box="[166,337,1049,1072]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pyronotanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unimarginatus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B79A1C75FEAFFBD3" box="[166,337,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">P. unimarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B6A31C74FDADFBD3" box="[415,595,1048,1072]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">43</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B5BE1C74FCD7FBD3" box="[642,809,1048,1072]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">23</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4631C74FC5FFBD3" box="[863,929,1048,1072]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">scaled</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B4E51C74FB82FBD3" box="[985,1148,1048,1072]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">absent</td>
<td id="6E325DECFFBE0034B3981C74FA9BFBD3" box="[1188,1381,1048,1072]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">broad</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7FB1C32FEDAFB5C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1117,2044]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">In addition, the following combination of characters distinguishes the genus from other anthiadine genera: branched caudal rays 7+6; no papillae on posterior rim of orbit; tubed lateral-line scales 50–64; predorsal length 20–31% SL.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFBEFFC5B7FB1CA5FF28FDFA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7FB1CA5FE43F9C4" blockId="12.[151,1437,1117,2044]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBEFFC7B7FB1CA5FEA7FB00" bold="true" box="[199,345,1225,1251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Description.</emphasis>
See
<tableCitation id="DE510369FFBEFFC7B6B61CA5FDFFFB07" box="[394,513,1225,1252]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStart-2="TABLE 3" captionStart-3="TABLE 4" captionStart-4="TABLE 5" captionStartId-0="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-1="9.[150,238,544,570]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,239,296,320]" captionStartId-3="19.[151,239,1052,1076]" captionStartId-4="20.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,2008,622,1603]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1381,337,1072]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Summary of fin-ray counts of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species. Caudal-fin ray counts are presented as upper procurrent + upper principal + lower principal + lower procurrent (upper branched + lower branched)." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Summary of selected dorsal-, anal- and pectoral-fin characters of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species. Abbreviations: ADPF, anterior dorsal-fin pterygiophore formula; OP, opercle; POP, preopercle." captionText-2="TABLE 3. Summary of selected scalation characters of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species." captionText-3="TABLE 4. Summary of selected post-cranial axial skeleton characters of Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species." captionText-4="TABLE 5. Gill-raker counts, vomerine dentition and presence or absence of papillae on the posterior orbital rim in Mirolabrichthys, Nemanthias and Pyronotanthias species." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFB1FFC8B7AB18FBFEF7FF14" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFBBFFC2B7AA1A4CFD2CFDBD" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" httpUri-3="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7AC665AFFA1FFD8B7AB1C70FF12FBBB" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" tableUuid-0="C7AC665AFFB1FFC8B7AB18FBFEF7FF14" tableUuid-1="C7AC665AFFBBFFC2B7AA1A4CFD2CFDBD" tableUuid-2="C7AC665AFFBEFFC7B7AB1944FAA7FEA3" tableUuid-3="C7AC665AFFA1FFD8B7AB1C70FF12FBBB">Tables 1–5</tableCitation>
for variation among species. Dorsal-fin rays X–XII,16–18; dorsal-fin origin varying from above midpoint of preopercle and opercle posterior edges to above middle of cheek (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBEFFC7B3B11C81FB2EFAE4" box="[1165,1232,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male examples of Nemanthias species.A) N. bartlettorum, BPBM 17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B) N. bicolor, BPBM 10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C) N. carberryi, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D) N. dispar, BPBM 16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E) N. ignitus, BPBM 18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F) N. regalis, BPBM 12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
); primary shaft of first dorsal-fin pterygiophore angled distinctly anterodorsally; ADPF 3//1+1+1/1/1/1/1/1/1, S//3/1+1/1/1/1/1/1 or S/S/3/1+1/1/1/1/1/1 (= predorsal formula 2//1+1+1, 0//2/1+1 or 0/0/2/1+1;
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBEFFC7B4E51D59FBAFFAB3" box="[985,1105,1333,1360]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,823,847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[151,1436,181,799]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Predorsal and anterior portion of dorsal fin of cleared and stained specimens.A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL; C) Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL; D) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL. Photographs are of the right side (digitally reversed) after removal of the pectoral girdle, scales, and skin. Abbreviations: DP, dorsal-fin pterygiophore; DS, dorsal-fin spines; NS, neural spines; SN, supraneurals. Scale bars = 2 mm. Photographs by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869498/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
); dorsal-fin pterygiophores in interneural spaces9–13 1/1+1/1+1/1+1/1+1,1/1+1/1/1+1/1+1,1/1+1/1+1/1/1+1,1/1+1/1+1/1+1/1,1+1/1/1+1/1/1+1, 1+1/1/1+1/1+1/1 or 1+1/1/1+1/1+1/1+1; terminal dorsal-fin pterygiophore in interneural space 18–19; anal-fin rays III,7–8 (usually III,7); terminal anal-fin pterygiophore in interhaemal space 5–6; pectoral-fin rays 18–22, longest few rays bearing serrations (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBEFFC7B6981DA9FE16FA3C" box="[420,488,1477,1503]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1374,1398]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-167@14.[151,1437,561,1356]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Portion of right side (image reversed) pectoral fin of cleared and stained Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL, showing serrated projections from rays. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Photograph by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869510/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); pelvic-fin rays I,5; caudal-fin rays 9–12+9+8+7–13; branched caudal-fin rays 7+6; no procurrent spur on upper procurrent ray in lower lobe; penultimate procurrent ray in lower lobe not foreshortened (see
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBEFFC7B7F71E61FE97F9CB" author="Johnson, G. D." box="[203,361,1549,1576]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref15623" refString="Johnson, G. D. (1975) The procurrent spur: an undescribed perciform caudal character and its phylogenetic implications. Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 121, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1975">Johnson 1975</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBEFFC7B6481E61FE4EF9C4" author="Johnson, G. D." box="[372,432,1549,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" pagination="777 - 787" refId="ref15661" refString="Johnson, G. D. (1983) Niphon spinosus: A primitive epinepheline serranid, with comments on the monophyly and intrarelationships of the Serranidae. Copeia, 1983 (3), 777 - 787. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444346" type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7FB1E5DFD47F970" blockId="12.[151,1437,1117,2044]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
Scales relatively small, tubed scales in lateral line 50–64; circumpeduncle scales 29–36; no auxiliary scales on head or body; lower jaw scaled or naked; basal scaled area on dorsal and anal fins either narrow or scales absent; scales with peripheral cteni only (
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBEFFC7B52C1E15FD52F970" author="Roberts, C. D." box="[528,684,1657,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" pagination="60 - 113" refId="ref17501" refString="Roberts, C. D. (1993) Comparative morphology of spined scales and their phylogenetic significance in the Teleostei. Bulletin of Marine Science, 52 (1), 60 - 113." type="journal article" year="1993">Roberts 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC7B7FB1EF1FB21F938" blockId="12.[151,1437,1117,2044]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Greatest body depth 25–39% SL; head length 28–35% SL; orbit diameter 7–12% SL; predorsal length 20–31% SL; preanal length 59–67% SL; prepelvic length 33–37% SL; caudal peduncle depth 12–15% SL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBEFFC6B7FB1E89FC36FF1A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1117,2044]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
Anterior part of upper lip of males hypertrophied (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBEFFC7B4371E89FCAEF91C" box="[779,848,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male examples of Nemanthias species.A) N. bartlettorum, BPBM 17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B) N. bicolor, BPBM 10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C) N. carberryi, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D) N. dispar, BPBM 16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E) N. ignitus, BPBM 18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F) N. regalis, BPBM 12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
); mouth large, oblique, posterior margin of maxilla reaching to point ranging from vertical through posterior edge of pupil to vertical through posterior edge of eye; mouth terminal, becoming inferior in males; supramaxilla absent; premaxilla with 1 or 2 enlarged canines anterolaterally, a band of small conical teeth about 4 or 5 rows wide at symphysis reducing to 1 or 2 rows on sides of jaw, with outer-row teeth much larger, those of posterior half of jaw curved anteriorly; 1 or 2 posterior teeth in band nearest symphysis sometimes enlarged and caniniform, lying almost flat against roof of mouth; dentary with 1 or 2 laterally curved, enlarged canines at front of jaw, followed by band of small conical teeth about 2–4 rows wide reducing to 1 or 2 rows posteriorly, outer-row teeth much larger, those of posterior part of jaw curved anteriorly; anterior third of dentary with 1 or 2 enlarged, posteriorly curved canines outside band of teeth; vomer with either an oval patch of large conical teeth or a small patch of small teeth; palatine with a narrow band of small conical teeth, 2–10 rows wide at widest point; ectopterygoid, endopterygoid, and tongue edentate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBFFFC6B7FB196FFB98FE6A" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Opercle with three flat spines, uppermost sometimes indistinct and hidden by scales and skin, lowermost below junction with subopercle, middle spine closer to lowermost spine than to uppermost; preopercle finely serrated at angle and on posterior, vertical edge; interopercle and subopercle smooth or with indistinct crenulae; posttemporal smooth or with indistinct serrations or crenulae; posterior rim of orbit without papillae.</paragraph>
<caption id="C7AC665AFFBFFFC6B7AB1E2FFC38F90F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" startId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" targetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBFFFC6B7AB1E2FFC38F90F" blockId="13.[151,1436,1603,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B7AB1E2FFEECF9BF" bold="true" box="[151,274,1603,1628]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Male examples of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B6EC1E28FD4BF9BF" box="[464,693,1604,1628]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B6EC1E28FDB7F9BF" box="[464,585,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Nemanthias</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B5FF1E28FC4FF9B8" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" box="[707,945,1604,1628]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bartlettorum">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B5FF1E28FCA1F9BF" box="[707,863,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. bartlettorum</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B78A1E04FE91F99C" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" box="[182,367,1640,1664]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B78A1E04FEE3F963" box="[182,285,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. bicolor</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B4541E04FC18F963" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[872,998,1640,1664]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B4541E04FC18F963" box="[872,998,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B2041E04FF23F940" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B2041E04FA68F963" box="[1336,1430,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. dispar</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B41F1EE0FC25F940" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" box="[803,987,1676,1699]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignitus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B41F1EE0FC79F940" box="[803,903,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. ignitus</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F)
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBFFFC6B6911EDCFD99F924" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" box="[429,615,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBFFFC6B6911EDCFDECF92B" box="[429,530,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">N. regalis</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBFFFC5B7FB1F76FAACFF36" blockId="13.[151,1437,1818,2024]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
Paired pharyngobranchials (pb) 1 through 4 present, pb4 cartilaginous; tooth plates present on pb2 through pb4, tooth plate on pb4 small and autogenous; paired epibranchials (eb) 1 through 4 present; uncinate process on eb1 fan-shaped, broadly rimmed with cartilage, and directed posterodorsally; no tooth plate on eb2; small toothplate on eb3 (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBFFFC6B7F21FEAFEAEF842" box="[206,336,1926,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[151,1436,181,1788]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Right side dorsal gill arches in dorsal view of: A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Nemanthias bicolor, ACG CS14, 62 mm SL; C) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL; D) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL.Abbreviations: EB1-4, epibranchials 1-4; LP, levator process; PB1-4, pharyngobranchials 1-4; PB4TP, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth plate; UP, uncinate process. Scale bars = 1 mm. Illustrations by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869502/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Figs. 5B–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBFFFC6B6661FEAFE5EF842" box="[346,416,1926,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Right side dorsal gill arches in ventral view of: A) Mirolabrichthys tuka; B) Nemanthias bicolor; C) N. carberryi; D) Pyronotanthias lori. Specimens, abbreviations, and scale bars as in Fig. 5. Illustrations by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869504/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">6B–C</figureCitation>
); paired ceratobranchials (cb) 1 through 5 present; tooth plate on cb5; paired hypobranchials (hb) 1 through 3 present, none with toothplates; median basibranchials (bb) 1 through 4 present, bb4 as cartilage, none with toothplates; gill rakers elongate on anterior/lateral face of first arch, 9–12 on eb1, uppermost at junction with pb1, and 22–29 on cb1 and hb1; shorter club-like rakers or rudiments present on posterior face of eb1, cb1 and hb1, on both anterior and posterior faces of eb2–3, cb2–4 and hb2, and on anterior face of hb3, eb4 and cb5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBCFFC5B7FB18B3FD07FE6A" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Vertebrae 10+16; parapophyses present on first caudal vertebra; epineurals present on vertebrae 1 through 12 or 1 through 15–17; ribs present on vertebrae 3 through 10–11 (usually 10); preural 2 (pu2) and pu3 haemal spines autogenous; no radial cartilages in caudal skeleton anterior to pu3 haemal and neural spines; parhypural and hypurals autogenous; well-developed hypurapophysis on parhypural; single uroneural; 3 epurals; ventral tip of cleithrum with well-developed posteroventral process.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBCFFC5B7FB19FEFF28FDFA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7FB19FEFE99FE4F" bold="true" box="[199,359,402,428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Composition.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B64519FFFCDCFE4E" authority="Smith, 1954" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[377,802,402,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B64519FFFD85FE4E" box="[377,635,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Nemanthias carberryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B5B219FFFCDCFE4E" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[654,802,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref17724" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1954) Two interesting new anthiid fishes from East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 7, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935408651683" type="journal article" year="1954">Smith, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B40719FFFEBBFE32" authority="Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981" authorityName="Randall &amp; Lubbock" authorityYear="1981" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bartlettorum" subGenus="Mirolabrichthys">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B40719FFFAF5FE4E" box="[827,1291,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) bartlettorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B22119FFFEBBFE32" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R." pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref17199" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241267" type="journal article" year="1981">Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B66A19DBFC77FE32" authority="Randall, 1979" authorityName="Randall" authorityYear="1979" box="[342,905,439,465]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor" subGenus="Mirolabrichthys">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B66A19DBFD24FE32" box="[342,730,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) bicolor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B5D919DBFC77FE32" author="Randall, J. E." box="[741,905,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref16998" refString="Randall, J. E. (1979) A review of the serranid fish genus Anthias of the Hawaiian Islands, with descriptions of two new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 302, 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 208189" type="journal article" year="1979">Randall, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B4A419DBFAC6FE32" authority="Herre, 1955" authorityName="Herre" authorityYear="1955" box="[920,1336,438,465]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B4A419DBFB5EFE32" box="[920,1184,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Mirolabrichthys dispar</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B39719DBFAC6FE32" author="Herre, A. W. C. T." box="[1195,1336,438,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="223 - 225" refId="ref15516" refString="Herre, A. W. C. T. (1955) Remarks on the fish genus Mirolabrichthys, with description of a new species. Copeia, 1955 (3), 223 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1440465" type="journal article" year="1955">Herre, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B27B19DBFD12FE16" authority="Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981" authorityName="Randall &amp; Lubbock" authorityYear="1981" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignitus" subGenus="Mirolabrichthys">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B27B19DBFE4AFE17" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) ignitus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B68219B7FD12FE16" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R." box="[446,748,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref17199" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241267" type="journal article" year="1981">Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B41019B7FF2CFDFA" authority="Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981" authorityName="Randall &amp; Lubbock" authorityYear="1981" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regalis" subGenus="Mirolabrichthys">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B41019B7FB57FE16" box="[812,1193,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) regalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B38E19B7FF2CFDFA" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R." pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref17199" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241267" type="journal article" year="1981">Randall &amp; Lubbock, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C7AC665AFFBCFFC5B7AB1D32FBD4FA79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869510" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5869510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869510/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" startId="14.[151,250,1374,1398]" targetBox="[151,1435,561,1356]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBCFFC5B7AB1D32FBD4FA79" blockId="14.[151,1436,1374,1435]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7AB1D32FEEDFA95" bold="true" box="[151,275,1374,1398]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Portion of right side (image reversed) pectoral fin of cleared and stained
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B4C01D32FADCFA95" authority=", ACG CS" authorityName="ACG CS" box="[1020,1314,1374,1398]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B4C01D32FB42FA95" box="[1020,1212,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Nemanthias dispar</emphasis>
, ACG CS
</taxonomicName>
907, 47 mm SL, showing serrated projections from rays. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Photograph by A.C. Gill.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFBCFFC4B7FB1DA4FC58FE6A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBCFFC5B7FB1DA4FA62F839" blockId="14.[151,1437,1480,2010]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7FB1DA4FEC5FA01" bold="true" box="[199,315,1480,1506]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Remarks.</emphasis>
All but the
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFBCFFC5B6F91DA5FE0BFA00" box="[453,501,1481,1507]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
species were originally described either in the genus
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B36A1DA4FB52FA01" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1792" box="[1110,1196,1480,1506]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B36A1DA4FB52FA01" box="[1110,1196,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Anthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, within the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B7AB1D80FEB2F9E5" authorityName="Herre" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,332,1516,1542]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7AB1D80FEB2F9E5" box="[151,332,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Mirolabrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or in the genus
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B53C1D80FD4BF9E5" authorityName="Herre" authorityYear="1927" box="[512,693,1516,1542]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B53C1D80FD4BF9E5" box="[512,693,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Mirolabrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and were later reclassified in
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B3371D80FB5CF9E5" box="[1035,1186,1516,1542]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Pseudanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B3371D80FB5CF9E5" box="[1035,1186,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Pseudanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B38C1D80FABAF9E4" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1200,1348,1516,1543]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref17724" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1954) Two interesting new anthiid fishes from East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 7, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935408651683" type="journal article" year="1954">Smith (1954)</bibRefCitation>
erected
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B7AB1E7CFEE3F9C9" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,285,1552,1578]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7AB1E7CFEE3F9C9" box="[151,285,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B6681E7DFE1CF9C9" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[340,482,1552,1578]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B6681E7DFE1CF9C9" box="[340,482,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and reported that it had 11 dorsal-fin spines, with the first spine separated from the remaining spines. He later erected
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B56A1E58FC71F9AC" authority="Smith, 1955" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1955" box="[598,911,1588,1615]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Emmelanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B56A1E58FD08F9AD" box="[598,758,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Emmelanthias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B43D1E58FC71F9AC" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[769,911,1588,1615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="337 - 350" refId="ref17770" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) The fishes of the family Anthiidae of the western Indian Ocean. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8, 337 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935508655649" type="journal article" year="1955">Smith, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, for
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B4F41E59FB83F9AD" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1955" box="[968,1149,1589,1614]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Emmelanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmapteron">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B4F41E59FB83F9AD" box="[968,1149,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">E. stigmapteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, noting that it resembles
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B7AB1E34FEE3F991" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,285,1624,1650]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B7AB1E34FEE3F991" box="[151,285,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having anteriorly positioned dorsal and pelvic fins, but differs in having 12 rather than 11 dorsal-fin spines (
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B7D71E10FE8CF974" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[235,370,1660,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="337 - 350" refId="ref17770" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) The fishes of the family Anthiidae of the western Indian Ocean. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8, 337 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935508655649" type="journal article" year="1955">Smith 1955</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B6B91E11FD45F974" author="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Randall, J. E." box="[389,699,1660,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="509 - 537" refId="ref15300" refString="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Randall, J. E. (1986) Family No. 166: Serranidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smiths' Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa, Johannesburg, pp. 509 - 537." type="book chapter" year="1986">Heemstra &amp; Randall (1986)</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B42D1E11FC3CF975" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1955" box="[785,962,1661,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Emmelanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmapteron">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B42D1E11FC3CF975" box="[785,962,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">E. stigmapteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B3A41E11FADCF975" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[1176,1314,1660,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B3A41E11FADCF975" box="[1176,1314,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and noted that small juveniles have 12 spines, but the first spine is minute and disappears with growth. However, this spine is visible in a
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBCFFC5B6271EA8FE94F93C" box="[283,362,1732,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
SL cleared and stained specimen but is tiny and was not apparent prior to clearing and staining (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBCFFC5B79C1E84FF04F8E1" box="[160,250,1768,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,823,847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[151,1436,181,799]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Predorsal and anterior portion of dorsal fin of cleared and stained specimens.A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL; C) Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL; D) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL. Photographs are of the right side (digitally reversed) after removal of the pectoral girdle, scales, and skin. Abbreviations: DP, dorsal-fin pterygiophore; DS, dorsal-fin spines; NS, neural spines; SN, supraneurals. Scale bars = 2 mm. Photographs by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869498/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBCFFC5B6331E84FDBEF8E1" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R." box="[271,576,1768,1794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref17199" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241267" type="journal article" year="1981">Randall &amp; Lubbock (1981)</bibRefCitation>
noted that
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B5FC1E85FCB5F8E1" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[704,843,1768,1794]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B5FC1E85FCB5F8E1" box="[704,843,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B4DC1E84FB6BF8E1" authorityName="Herre" authorityYear="1927" box="[992,1173,1768,1794]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Mirolabrichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B4DC1E84FB6BF8E1" box="[992,1173,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Mirolabrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having males with a hypertrophied upper lip but considered
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B5691F60FD25F8C5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[597,731,1804,1830]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B5691F60FD25F8C5" box="[597,731,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinct because of the higher number of dorsal-fin spines and in having the first two spines elongate. They therefore overlooked the tiny first spine, and their first two spines are the homologues of the second and third spines (posterior supernumerary and serial spines, respectively) of other anthiadine species. Although the high dorsal-fin spine count has been considered of generic significance, it is here considered an autapomorphy of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBCFFC5B5061FF1FD3BF855" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[570,709,1948,1974]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBCFFC5B5061FF1FD3BF855" box="[570,709,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and therefore silent on relationships to other species. Additional autapomorphies for the species include the deeply incised membrane between the second and third dorsal-fin spines
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBDFFC4B7AB18FBFE53FEA1" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
(
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBDFFC4B79C18FBFF07FF52" box="[160,249,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1603,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,417,1580]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male examples of Nemanthias species.A) N. bartlettorum, BPBM 17981, holotype, 54.2 mm SL, Marshall Islands; B) N. bicolor, BPBM 10146, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaii; C) N. carberryi, 54 mm SL, Maldive Islands; D) N. dispar, BPBM 16139, 54 mm SL, Florida Island, Solomon Islands; E) N. ignitus, BPBM 18858, holotype, 58.3 mm SL, North Malé Atoll, Maldive Islands; F) N. regalis, BPBM 12442, holotype, 55.2 mm SL, Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands. Arrows indicate second (posterior supernumerary) dorsal-fin spine. Photographs by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869508/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
), absence of supraneurals, preneural position of the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore, and presence of four (versus one) pterygiophores anterior to the third neural spine (
<figureCitation id="0BE82A57FFBDFFC4B46C18D7FC54FF36" box="[848,938,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,823,847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[151,1436,181,799]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Predorsal and anterior portion of dorsal fin of cleared and stained specimens.A) Mirolabrichthys tuka, ACG CS532, 47 mm SL; B) Pyronotanthias lori, ACG CS675, 59 mm SL; C) Nemanthias dispar, ACG CS907, 47 mm SL; D) N. carberryi, AMS I.48957-001, 61 mm SL. Photographs are of the right side (digitally reversed) after removal of the pectoral girdle, scales, and skin. Abbreviations: DP, dorsal-fin pterygiophore; DS, dorsal-fin spines; NS, neural spines; SN, supraneurals. Scale bars = 2 mm. Photographs by A.C. Gill." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5869498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5869498/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Although the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore is in the typical (for anthiadines) second interneural space in the remaining species of
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B35618B3FB0EFF1A" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[1130,1264,223,249]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B35618B3FB0EFF1A" box="[1130,1264,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Nemanthias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they resemble
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B7AB196FFEDDFEFE" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,291,259,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B7AB196FFEDDFEFE" box="[151,291,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the pterygiophore angled forward and the dorsal fin origin relatively anteriorly placed (see synapomorphy 1 above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBDFFC4B7FB1927FC58FE6A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
<bibRefCitation id="F7424B23FFBDFFC4B7FB1927FE6CFE86" author="Gill, A. C. &amp; Pogonoski, J. J. &amp; Johnson, J. W. &amp; Tea, Y. K." box="[199,402,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" pagination="49 - 82" refId="ref14518" refString="Gill, A. C., Pogonoski, J. J., Johnson, J. W. &amp; Tea, Y. K. (2021 a) Three new species of Australian anthiadine fishes, with comments on the monophyly of Pseudanthias (Teleostei: Serranidae). Zootaxa, 4996 (1), 49 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4996.1.2" type="journal article" year="2021">
Gill
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B7C61927FECDFE86" box="[250,307,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">et al.</emphasis>
(2021a)
</bibRefCitation>
incorporated three of the included species in their analysis of
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B36E1927FB7CFE86" box="[1106,1154,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">COI</emphasis>
sequences,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B2361927FA6BFE86" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1954" box="[1290,1429,331,357]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B2361927FA6BFE86" box="[1290,1429,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. carberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B7AB1903FEFEFE6A" box="[151,256,367,393]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B7AB1903FEFEFE6A" box="[151,256,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B60A1903FE5AFE6A" authorityName="Randall &amp; Lubbock" authorityYear="1981" box="[310,420,367,393]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B60A1903FE5AFE6A" box="[310,420,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. regalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and retrieved them as a monophyletic group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DBC96559FFBDFFC4B7FB19FEFD8BFD82" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="936C36D2FFBDFFC4B7FB19FEFD8BFD82" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B7FB19FEFE4AFE4F" bold="true" box="[199,436,402,428]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Material examined.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B68219FFFCC4FE4E" authority="AMS I." authorityName="AMS I." box="[446,826,403,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bartlettorum">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B68219FFFD23FE4E" box="[446,733,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Nemanthias bartlettorum</emphasis>
AMS I.
</taxonomicName>
19218-001 (1W,X,
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFBDFFC4B32019FFFB81FE4E" box="[1052,1151,403,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B3B219FFFB1FFE4E" box="[1166,1249,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 mm</quantity>
SL);
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B21B19FFFF01FE32" authority="ACG CS" authorityName="ACG CS" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B21B19FFFA62FE4E" box="[1319,1436,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. bicolor</emphasis>
ACG CS
</taxonomicName>
14 (4
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B60619DBFEA1FE32" box="[314,351,439,465]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B65119DBFE16FE32" box="[365,488,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.05" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="70.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="62.0">62–79 mm</quantity>
SL), AMS I.18721-001 (1W,X,
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFBDFFC4B46119DBFC3EFE32" box="[861,960,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B4F119DAFBE1FE32" box="[973,1055,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
SL);
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B35E19DBFAB4FE32" authority="AMS I." authorityName="AMS I." box="[1122,1354,438,465]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carberryi">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B35E19DBFB11FE32" box="[1122,1263,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. carberryi</emphasis>
AMS I.
</taxonomicName>
48957- 001 (1W,
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B63C19B7FEDBFE16" box="[256,293,475,501]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B60E19B7FE7DFE16" box="[306,387,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
SL),
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B6F919B7FE05FE16" box="[453,507,475,501]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">ZRC</collectionCode>
62340 (2W,X, 38.5–40.0 mm SL);
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B4A919B7FB95FE16" authority="ACG CS" authorityName="ACG CS" box="[917,1131,474,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Nemanthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B4A919B7FC01FE16" box="[917,1023,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. dispar</emphasis>
ACG CS
</taxonomicName>
574 (3
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B38919B7FB25FE16" box="[1205,1243,475,501]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B3D419B7FA9DFE16" box="[1256,1379,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="38.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="34.0">34–43 mm</quantity>
SL), ACG
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B7E61993FF02FDFA" box="[218,252,511,537]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
907 (6
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B67A1993FE95FDFA" box="[326,363,511,537]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B6441993FE0CFDFA" box="[376,498,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="45.5" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="43.0">43–48 mm</quantity>
SL), AMS I.32478-010 (1
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B41B1993FCB2FDFA" box="[807,844,511,537]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B4651993FC57FDFA" box="[857,937,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
SL), AMS I.49578-004 (1W,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B3C11992FA9DFDFA" box="[1277,1379,510,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.37" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="53.7">53.7 mm</quantity>
SL);
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B7AB1A4FFE8AFDDE" authority="ACG CS" authorityName="ACG CS" box="[151,372,547,573]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignitus">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B7AB1A4FFEF8FDDF" box="[151,262,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. ignitus</emphasis>
ACG CS
</taxonomicName>
673 (2
<collectionCode id="F5C2AE17FFBDFFC4B6831A4FFE1AFDDE" box="[447,484,547,573]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">CS</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B6CE1A4EFD93FDDE" box="[498,621,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="44.5" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="33.0">33–56 mm</quantity>
SL), AMS I.19219-001 (1W,X,
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFBDFFC4B4DE1A4FFBBBFDDE" box="[994,1093,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B36F1A4EFB5AFDDE" box="[1107,1188,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
SL);
<taxonomicName id="54D34D51FFBDFFC4B3D41A4FFF5AFD82" authority="AMS I." authorityName="AMS I." class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Anthias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="A1A7EAC0FFBDFFC4B3D41A4FFAA6FDDE" box="[1256,1368,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">N. regalis</emphasis>
AMS I.
</taxonomicName>
19220-001 (1W,X,
<typeStatus id="4C688870FFBDFFC4B6BC1A2BFE1DFD82" box="[384,483,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<quantity id="542B9B37FFBDFFC4B6D31A2BFDC0FD82" box="[495,574,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
SL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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