217 lines
32 KiB
XML
217 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5252/cryptogamiealgologie2020v41a8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="380efeb5-6e5b-4c5d-9edf-fb35647c83c6" ID-ISSN="1776-0992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7827761" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1681241655756" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Piñeiro-Corbeira, Cristina, Maggs, Christine A., Rindi, Fabio, Bunker, Francis, Baldock, Lin & Díaz-Tapia, Pilar" docDate="2020" docId="03E165299971FFD9FF6AA7E788EFF84C" docLanguage="en" docName="CryptogamieAlgologie.41.8.55-72.pdf" docOrigin="Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (8)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308.1:CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308" docStyleName="CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Vertebrata fruticulosa Kuntze 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFD81D519976FFDEFF84A3348C7DFFA0" masterDocTitle="Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1681461047761" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Piñeiro-Corbeira, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Coastal Biology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña (Spain)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maggs, Christine A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Queen’s University Belfast, Marine Laboratory, Portaferry, Newtownards BT 22 1 PF (United Kingdom)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rindi, Fabio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona (Italy)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bunker, Francis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>MarineSeen, Estuary Cottage, Bentlass, Hundleton, Pembrokeshire, Wales SA 71 5 RN (United Kingdom)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Baldock, Lin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dorset Wildlife Trust, Brooklands Farm, Forston, Dorchester DT 2 7 AA (United Kingdom)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Díaz-Tapia, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Coastal Biology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña (Spain) and Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña, Aptdo. 130, 15080, A Coruña (Spain) pdiaz @ udc. es (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pdiaz@udc.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cryptogamie, Bryologie</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-06-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>8</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>55</mods:start>
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<mods:end>72</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/cryptogamiealgologie2020v41a8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">380efeb5-6e5b-4c5d-9edf-fb35647c83c6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1776-0992</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7827761</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7819185" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7819185" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E165299971FFD9FF6AA7E788EFF84C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E165299971FFD9FF6AA7E788EFF84C" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[238,669,1235,1263]" box="[238,669,1235,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
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<heading box="[238,669,1235,1263]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Wulfen) Kuntze" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[238,669,1235,1263]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[238,477,1235,1262]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Vertebrata fruticulosa</emphasis>
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(Wulfen) Kuntze
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[130,777,1300,1900]" box="[132,446,1300,1326]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[130,777,1300,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
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In total 18
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<emphasis box="[257,288,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">rbc</emphasis>
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L sequences, 16 newly determined, are available for specimens morphologically identified as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Vertebrata fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<collectingCountry box="[355,547,1395,1421]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
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, the Atlantic Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean. They were resolved in the
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<emphasis box="[132,164,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">rbc</emphasis>
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L phylogeny (
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<figureCitation box="[317,380,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1448,215,1916]" captionTargetId="graphics-283@6.[130,1044,222,1907]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Phylogenetic tree estimated with ML analysis of rbcL sequences. Values at nodes indicate bootstrap support (BP) (only shown if ≥70). Species analysed in this study are grey-shaded and species or haplotypes found in the British Isles are in bold. For P. morrowii Harvey, the number (n) of sequences available for each haplotype is indicated. Codes for countries/regions: AD, Adriatic Sea; AR, Argentina; AUS, Australia; BC, British Columbia; CH, Chile; EN, England; FR, France; GUE, Guernsey; IR, Ireland; JA, Japan; KO, Korea; LG, Ligurian Sea; NZ, New Zealand; PO, Portugal; SP, Spain." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827768/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) in a fully supported clade that also included sequences of
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<taxonomicName authority="(Harvey) Kuntze" authorityName="Kuntze" baseAuthorityName="Harvey" box="[352,644,1491,1517]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="thuyoides">
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<emphasis box="[352,465,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V.thuyoides</emphasis>
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(Harvey) Kuntze
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="(Harvey) Kuntze" authorityName="Kuntze" baseAuthorityName="Harvey" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="tripinnata">
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<emphasis box="[650,775,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. tripinnata</emphasis>
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(Harvey) Kuntze
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="(C. Agardh) Kuntze" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[315,637,1523,1550]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="subulifera">
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<emphasis box="[315,437,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. subulifera</emphasis>
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(C.Agardh) Kuntze
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="(C. Agardh) Kuntze. Within" authorityName="Kuntze. Within" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="furcellata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. furcellata</emphasis>
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(C.Agardh) Kuntze.Within
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</taxonomicName>
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this clade, specimens assigned to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[162,298,1586,1612]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis box="[162,298,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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formed two clades that diverged by 3-3.3% (21-24 bp) and that are labelled in
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<figureCitation box="[514,604,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1448,215,1916]" captionTargetId="graphics-283@6.[130,1044,222,1907]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Phylogenetic tree estimated with ML analysis of rbcL sequences. Values at nodes indicate bootstrap support (BP) (only shown if ≥70). Species analysed in this study are grey-shaded and species or haplotypes found in the British Isles are in bold. For P. morrowii Harvey, the number (n) of sequences available for each haplotype is indicated. Codes for countries/regions: AD, Adriatic Sea; AR, Argentina; AUS, Australia; BC, British Columbia; CH, Chile; EN, England; FR, France; GUE, Guernsey; IR, Ireland; JA, Japan; KO, Korea; LG, Ligurian Sea; NZ, New Zealand; PO, Portugal; SP, Spain." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827768/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[639,775,1618,1644]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis box="[639,775,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[182,344,1651,1676]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="martensiana">
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<emphasis box="[182,344,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. martensiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Two haplotypes of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[576,716,1650,1676]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis box="[576,716,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were 0.6% (4 bp) divergent. Specimens of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[577,713,1682,1708]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis box="[577,713,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade were only found in the Mediterranean, including the Adriatic Sea, its
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<typeStatus box="[260,306,1746,1772]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[404,646,1746,1772]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="martensiana">
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<emphasis box="[404,646,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Vertebrata martensiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a wider distribution including the Adriatic Sea, the Atlantic Iberian Peninsula and the
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<collectingCountry box="[339,532,1810,1836]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
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. Two haplotypes were found in the Atlantic and a third one in the Mediterranean and they diverged by 0.3-0.4% (4-6 bp).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[125,774,1938,2028]" box="[132,483,1938,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[125,774,1938,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[811,1458,1236,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
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Specimens that were initially identified as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Vertebrata fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[270,338,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) were predominantly erect, attached to the substratum by short prostrate axes that bear rhizoids cut off from the pericentral cells. Thalli were composed of several main axes that bear branches pseudodichotomously at wide angles (>30°) (
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<figureCitation box="[1069,1213,1331,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4A, E, I</figureCitation>
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). They were
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4605" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="0.635" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="575.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="250.0">250-900 in</quantity>
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diameter in mid-parts of the thallus. Trichoblasts were absent or scarcely developed. Axes had 8-12 pericentral cells and were corticate (
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<figureCitation box="[1087,1246,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4D, H, L</figureCitation>
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). Specimens of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[813,950,1459,1485]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
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<emphasis box="[813,950,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1000,1157,1460,1485]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="martensiana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1000,1157,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. martensiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clades can be distinguished by the morphological characters indicated below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[811,1458,1236,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Specimens placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Wulfen" box="[1159,1322,1523,1549]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="fruticulosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1159,1322,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. fruticulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade had main axes of indeterminate growth that were alternately branched at regular intervals and bore alternate branches of determinate growth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1206,1327,1618,1645]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Determinate branches, in turn, bore 2-3 orders of branches mostly every 3 segments (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1026,1113,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and were
|
||
<quantity box="[1242,1335,1682,1709]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7-9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Axes had 11-12 pericentral cells (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1196,1288,1714,1741]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[811,1458,1236,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
The specimens in the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Pineiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Diaz-Tapia. Ce" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1082,1258,1747,1772]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Vertebrata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="martensiana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1082,1258,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">V. martensiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade had main axes branched at irregular intervals and bore branches of determinate growth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1092,1263,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4E, F, I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mediterranean specimens had simple or once-branched determinate branches that were
|
||
<quantity box="[1031,1119,1873,1900]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1245,1334,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Axes had 8-10 pericentral cells (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1073,1165,1905,1932]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Atlantic specimens had determinate branches
|
||
<quantity box="[1065,1155,1937,1964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length that were simple or bore up to 2 branching orders (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1200,1286,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4K</figureCitation>
|
||
) and axes with 8-12 pericentral cells (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1071,1157,2001,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[133,144,1332,1350]" captionTargetBox="[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetId="figure-277@8.[133,1456,215,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7827772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |