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<document id="FAD57F1F4055046CD57A401A10EA6604" ID-CLB-Dataset="9458" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4889.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11a122a9-8f3e-4a1c-a8d3-5ef3bea09b59" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4297816" ID-ZooBank="0B8630F6-2EF0-44E6-9D3A-7386BF949FD0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1606731381730" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grzymala, Traci L. &amp; Leschen, Richard A. B." docDate="2020" docId="03A48794FFF8FFC66F8549E97070F8F1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4889.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4889 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Zenascus luniger Grzymala &amp; Leschen 2020, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FF9DFFECFFDEFFE16F124B66712FFFBC" masterDocTitle="Sexual Dimorphism of New Zealand Puppet Beetles (Aderidae, Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea): Systematic Revision, Description of Three New Genera, and Phylogeny for Zenascus, gen. n." masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698846900633" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B88B6387943ACA97FDD882C9E4B90A66">Sexual Dimorphism of New Zealand Puppet Beetles (Aderidae, Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea): Systematic Revision, Description of Three New Genera, and Phylogeny for Zenascus, gen. n.</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F8549E973AEFD15" bold="true" box="[151,641,654,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76F8549E97326FD14" authority="(Champion)" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Champion" box="[151,521,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F8549E97046FD15" bold="true" box="[151,361,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Zenascus luniger</emphasis>
(Champion)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFF8FFC76D0449E973AEFD15" box="[534,641,655,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF8FFC76F8549D573E4FD71" box="[151,715,690,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF8FFC76F8549D573E4FD71" blockId="38.[151,715,654,717]" box="[151,715,690,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76F8549D5702EFD71" box="[151,257,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12AE. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 12D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76E1F49D5701BFD71" box="[269,308,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14AJ. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">14I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76E5249D4705EFD71" box="[320,369,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-366@38.[152,1436,1095,1615]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 15AC. Scanning electron microscope images of Zenascus species with close-ups of male antennomeres 79. (A) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (B) Z. luniger; (C) Z. incensum, sp. n.. Scale bars = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">15B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76E6F49D57080FD71" box="[381,431,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,185,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-28@44.[151,1436,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 19AE. Scanning electron microscope images, Zenascus species, elytron, dorsal view. (A) Z. antennalis; (B) Z. xenarthrus; (C) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (D) Z. luniger; (E) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297859/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">19D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76EA949D570CCFD71" box="[443,483,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 20" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1411,1435]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1384]" captionTargetId="figure-17@45.[151,1436,181,1387]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 20AJ. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral view of metafemora for Zenascus species. (A) Z. coloratus, male; (B) Z. obscurus, male; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n., male; (D) Z. nitidus, female; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n., male; (F) Z. antennalis, female; (G) Z. xenarthrus, male; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n., male; (I) Z. luniger, male; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 60μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297861/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">20I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76EFC49D5730EFD71" box="[494,545,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[151,1436,181,1140]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 22AE. Abdominal ventrite illustrations for Zenascus species showing generalized punctation pattern. (A) Z. antennalis, male; (B) Z. xenarthrus, male; (C) Z. roberti, sp. n., male; (D) Z. luniger, male; (E) Z. incensum, sp. n., male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297873/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">22D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76D3E49D5737BFD71" box="[556,596,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 23" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[231,1359,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[227,1359,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 23AJ. Male genitalia illustrations for Zenascus species. (A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297877/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">23I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76D7249D573A0FD71" box="[608,655,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 24" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,183,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-28@50.[151,1436,181,1619]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 24AF. Scanning electron micrographs of gland pores on metafemur of Zenascus spp. (A) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (B) Z. antennalis; (C) Z. xenarthrus; (D) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (E) Z. luniger; (F) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bars = 2μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297881/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">24E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76D8949D573E4FD71" box="[667,715,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 27" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,193,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-28@54.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 27AD. Distribution maps. (A) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., Zenascus incensum, sp. n., and Zenascus xenarthrus, (B) Zenascus coloratus, (C) Zenascus elenae, sp. n. and (D) Zenascus luniger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297887/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">27D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF8FFC76F85499172D1FCB3" box="[151,1022,759,783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF8FFC76F85499172D1FCB3" blockId="38.[151,1022,759,783]" box="[151,1022,759,783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D11ACFFF8FFC76F85499172D1FCB3" box="[151,1022,759,783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFF8FFC76F854991737DFCB3" author="Champion, G. C." box="[151,594,759,783]" page="48" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="1916">
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76F854991737DFCB3" authority="Champion, 1916: 47 - 48" authorityName="Champion" authorityPageNumber="47 - 48" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,594,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F854991707CFCB3" box="[151,339,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Xylophilus luniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFF8FFC76E4B4991737DFCB3" author="Champion, G. C." box="[345,594,759,783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref39507" refString="Champion, G. C. (1916) I. On new or little known Xylophilidae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 64 (1), 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1916. tb 03119. x" type="journal article" year="1916">Champion, 1916: 4748</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 2,
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76D874991723AFCB3" box="[661,789,759,783]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="51.[151,250,990,1014]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,277,967]" captionTargetId="figure-69@51.[151,1436,273,967]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 25. One of two most parsimonious trees recovered from Maximum Parsimony (MP) phylogenetic analysis based on 19 morphological characters for the New Zealand species of Zenascus. (L = 39; CI = 0.61; RI = 0.72). Numbers above branches indicate Bremer (Decay index) support values." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297883/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 25, 25a</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFF8FFC76C0D499172D5FCB3" author="Maddison, P. M." box="[799,1018,759,783]" page="428" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFF8FFC76C0D499172D5FCB3" author="Maddison, P. M." box="[799,1018,759,783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref40799" refString="Maddison, P. M. (2010) Checklist of New Zealand Hexapoda. Order Coleoptera. [Chapter] NINE: Phylum Arthropoda: Subphylum Hexapoda: Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. In: Gordon, D. P. (Ed.), New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Vol. 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp. 233 - 467." type="book" year="2010">Maddison, 2010: 428</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF8FFC76F85485B74B3FB93" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF8FFC76F85485B74B3FB93" blockId="38.[151,1436,829,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F85485B703DFCEB" bold="true" box="[151,274,829,855]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is distinguished from congeners by the biseriate pubescence of the pronotum and elytra, the slightly impressed basal pronotal fovea, and the highly modified antennomeres 79 of males.
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76BCE480474B3FCC7" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1244,1436,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76BCE480474B3FCC7" box="[1244,1436,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Zenascus luniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most easily confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76EF148E07343FC23" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[483,620,902,927]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incensum">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76EF148E07343FC23" box="[483,620,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. incensum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but males can be distinguished from one another based on the specific modifications to antennomeres 79 (
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFF8FFC76D2648CF73DEFC78" box="[564,753,937,964]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-366@38.[152,1436,1095,1615]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 15AC. Scanning electron microscope images of Zenascus species with close-ups of male antennomeres 79. (A) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (B) Z. luniger; (C) Z. incensum, sp. n.. Scale bars = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 15B &amp; 15C</figureCitation>
) and the presence of a transverse ridge on the head of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76A4D48CC71C4FC5B" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incensum">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76A4D48CC71C4FC5B" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. incensum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Currently, morphological differences between females of these two species have not been observed but can be identified based on biogeographic distribution. Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76C74489472FBFBB7" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[870,980,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76C74489472FBFBB7" box="[870,980,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. luniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have only been collected from the North Island of
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFF8FFC76E134F7070B5FB93" box="[257,410,1045,1072]" name="New Zealand" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, whereas specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76DB04F707206FB93" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[674,809,1046,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incensum">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76DB04F707206FB93" box="[674,809,1046,1071]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. incensum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have only been collected from the Three Kings Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF72660AFFF8FFC76F854D0172B2F91F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" targetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF8FFC76F854D0172B2F91F" blockId="38.[151,1436,1639,1699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F854D01704FF9C3" bold="true" box="[151,352,1639,1663]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURES 15AC.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscope images of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76C1E4D0E7245F9C3" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[780,874,1640,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76C1E4D0E7245F9C3" box="[780,874,1640,1663]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Zenascus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with close-ups of male antennomeres 79. (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76F854DEA71D8F91F" authority="Grzymala &amp; Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,247,1675,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roberti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76F854DEA71D8F91F" box="[151,247,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. roberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76E164DED7012F91F" bold="true" box="[260,317,1675,1699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFF8FFC76E164DED7012F91F" box="[260,317,1675,1699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76E614DEA70F9F91F" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[371,470,1675,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76E614DEA70F9F91F" box="[371,470,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. luniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF8FFC76D1E4DEA73A8F91F" authority="Grzymala &amp; Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala &amp; Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[524,647,1676,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incensum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76D1E4DEA73A8F91F" box="[524,647,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Z. incensum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76D814DED73E3F91F" bold="true" box="[659,716,1675,1699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFF8FFC76D814DED73E3F91F" box="[659,716,1675,1699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. Scale bars = 20μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF8FFC66FD54DB7700FFAE9" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF8FFC66FD54DB7745FFBE5" blockId="38.[151,1437,1745,2026]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF8FFC76FD54DB77076F957" bold="true" box="[199,345,1745,1771]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF8FFC76EA44DB77373F950" box="[438,604,1745,1772]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.665" metricValueMax="1.82" metricValueMin="1.51" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.665" valueMax="1.82" valueMin="1.51">1.511.82 mm</quantity>
. Head, scape, and antennomeres 711 piceus to rufo-testaceous; pronotum piceus to rufo-testaceous; antennal pedicel, antennomere 36, and elytra, brunneus to golden. Dorsal integument matte, vestiture biseriate, one decumbent, thin, short seta arising anerad of each puncture, length about equal to 3× puncture length, with 23 additional short, decumbent setae between each pair of punctures, length about 2/3× primary seta. Ventral vestiture similar to dorsum, biseriate. Head, HW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF8FFC76C844C077513F8C0" box="[918,1084,1889,1916]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.699999999999999" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="0.49" valueMax="0.51" valueMin="0.47">0.470.51 mm</quantity>
, HL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF8FFC76B664C077435F8C0" box="[1140,1306,1889,1916]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="0.22" valueMax="0.23" valueMin="0.21">0.210.23 mm</quantity>
, punctation consisting of a few deep punctures, unevenly spaced on vertex, lacking from base to posterior edge of eyes; strongly impressed and concave between antennal ridge and vertex. Antennae with distance between antennal insertions narrow, approximately equal to diameter of 2.5 antennal insertions; length reaching past basal ½ of elytra when extended backward; scape broad and flattened, approximately 3× length of pedicel; pedicel subglobular; antennomere 3 shorter than pedicel, shorter than antennomere 4; antennomere 4 approximately 3× length of antennomere 3, longer than antennomere 5; antennomere 5 and 6 subequal in length and width, slightly broader than antennomere 4; antennomere 7 greatly modified, flattened, broad, and branched just anterad of apex, with apex of outer branch rounded, with apex of inner branch connecting to remaining antennomeres, with apex rounded; antennomere 8 laterally expanded with basal appendage projecting back towards antennomere 7, projection apex rounded; antennomere 9 with modified outer apex, projecting anteriorly, apex rounded, with dense pilosity extending behind; antennomere 10 subquadrate; antennomere 11 longer than 10; antennomeres 311 covered in moderately dense, suberect pubescence, antennomeres 79 with additional pilosity; pedicel and antennomeres 311 with apical ring of elongate setae, antennomere 11 with additional medial ring of setae. Pronotum, PW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66C9E4ABD751FFE49" box="[908,1072,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5999999999999996" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.39" valueMin="0.36">0.360.39 mm</quantity>
, PL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66B724ABD742BFE49" box="[1120,1284,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3999999999999995" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.33999999999999997" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.32">0.320.36 mm</quantity>
, subquadrate, width slightly greater than length, width 1.091.13× length; pronotal width 0.550.70× elytral width, pronotal width 0.720.77× head width; sides slightly rounded, posterior angles rounded; disc with two slightly impressed basal fovea, a slight transverse sulcus just anterad of center; punctation consisting of deep, small elongate punctures, unevenly spaced, more sparse basally and laterally. Elytra 1.892.33× longer than wide and 3.723.82× longer than pronotal length, EW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66E6D49E8730BFD15" box="[383,548,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.69" valueMin="0.51">0.510.69 mm</quantity>
, EL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66D4449E973D4FD15" box="[598,763,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="1.19" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.31" valueMin="1.19">1.191.31 mm</quantity>
; slightly impressed, oblique subscutellar depression present; punctation consisting of elongate punctures, separated by an average of two punctural lengths. Proleg with tarsomere 1 approximately 23× longer than tarsomere 2, without a ventral short, stout spine; tarsomere 3 with ventral adhesive setae. Midleg with tibia gently curved inward from base to apex. Hindleg with numerous deep, elongate punctures along posterior margin of coxa; femur with distinctly thickened setae on postero-ventral face, overlying slight excavation along entire length of femur, apico-ventral impression absent; tibia gradually expanded in width from base to apex, apex inner face triangular and apex densely pubescent; tarsomere 1 elongate, length 10× width; tarsomere 2 expanded ventrally. Abdomen with lateral length of ventrite 2 greater than length at midline; deep punctures confined to abdominal process and basal margin of ventrite 1, basal margin and medially on ventrite 2, and a few scattered on ventrite 3; small, shallow micropunctures present on ventrites 4 and 5; ventrite 5 without medial impression. Phallobase broadly rounded anteriorly, lateriall delimited from apicale, without distinct sclerotization; apicale posteriorly narrowed; accessory lobes present, with four setae, one long and two short located at apex, one long located basal to apex on inner face; penis with anterior struts elongate, extending slightly past phallobase.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF9FFC66FD54F05700FFAE9" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66FD54F05701FFBC1" bold="true" box="[199,304,1123,1149]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Females.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66E814F057315FBC1" box="[403,570,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.77" metricValueMax="1.82" metricValueMin="1.72" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.77" valueMax="1.82" valueMin="1.72">1.721.82 mm</quantity>
, HW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66D924F047207FBC1" box="[640,808,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6499999999999995" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.46499999999999997" valueMax="0.48" valueMin="0.45">0.450.48 mm</quantity>
, HL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66C764F057523FBC1" box="[868,1036,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.18">0.180.22 mm</quantity>
, PW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66B5F4F0575DAFBC1" box="[1101,1269,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1499999999999995" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.415" valueMax="0.42" valueMin="0.41">0.410.42 mm</quantity>
, PL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66A3E4F0471EAFB1D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.37" valueMax="0.39" valueMin="0.35">0.350.39 mm</quantity>
, EW
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66E184FE1709DFB1D" box="[266,434,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.200000000000001" metricValueMax="8.299999999999999" metricValueMin="8.100000000000001" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.82" valueMax="0.83" valueMin="0.81">0.810.83 mm</quantity>
, EL
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFF9FFC66EF44FE173A2FB1D" box="[486,653,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.43" metricValueMin="1.37" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.43" valueMin="1.37">1.371.43 mm</quantity>
. Head very slightly impressed and concave between antennal ridge and vertex. Antennae with scape laterally flattened, slightly longer than wide; pedicel subglobular; antennomere 3 slightly reduced in width compared to pedicel, slightly expanded apically; antennomere 4 slightly longer than 3; antennomeres 46 subequal in length and width; antennomeres 810 subsequently decreasing slightly in length and increasing slightly in width; antennomere 11 elongate; antennomeres 311 covered in moderately dense, suberect pubescence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF9FFC66FD54E397432F991" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF9FFC66FD54E3972BCFA59" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66FD54E397014FAC5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1375,1401]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was not included in
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFF9FFC66DD04E39725FFAC5" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[706,880,1375,1401]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref40063" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1934) New Zealand beetles and their larvae: an elementary introduction to the study of our native Coleoptera, with seventeeen coloured plates. Ferguson &amp; Osborn, Wellington, 236 pp., 17 pls." type="book" year="1934">Hudson (1934)</bibRefCitation>
. It was located as a pair by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFF9FFC66BA74E397452FAC6" author="Champion, G. C." box="[1205,1405,1375,1402]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref39507" refString="Champion, G. C. (1916) I. On new or little known Xylophilidae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 64 (1), 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1916. tb 03119. x" type="journal article" year="1916">Champion (1916)</bibRefCitation>
in D. Sharps collection presumably sent by Broun, labeled with a manuscript name in the corylophid genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66A584EE571D8FA7D" authority="LeConte" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Corylophidae" genus="Sacium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66A584EE574B3FA21" box="[1354,1436,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sacium</emphasis>
LeConte
</taxonomicName>
from Moko Hinou Island. In order to stabilize this name, a
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFF9FFC66C824EC172D8FA7D" box="[912,1015,1447,1473]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and one
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFF9FFC66B494EC175DDFA7D" box="[1115,1266,1447,1473]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
are here designated from the material of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66ED04EAD73BDFA59" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1916" box="[450,658,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66ED04EAD73BDFA59" box="[450,658,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Xylophilus luniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
located in the BMNH.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF9FFC66FD54E897432F991" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66FD54E8970A9F9B4" bold="true" box="[199,390,1518,1545]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Natural history.</emphasis>
This is a relatively uncommon species distributed in the North Island. This species has been collected by beating vegetation, specifically
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66D984D757508F991" authority="Sol. ex Gaertn." authorityName="Gaertn." box="[650,1063,1555,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="excelsa">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66D984D757258F991" box="[650,887,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Metrosideros excelsa</emphasis>
Sol. ex Gaertn.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66B4E4D757438F990" box="[1116,1303,1555,1581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Phormium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenax">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66B4E4D757438F990" box="[1116,1303,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Phormium tenax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF9FFC66FD54D50745FF9ED" box="[199,1392,1590,1617]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF9FFC66FD54D50745FF9ED" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" box="[199,1392,1590,1617]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66FD54D507325F9ED" bold="true" box="[199,522,1590,1617]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution. North Island:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B653CDFFFF9FFC66D034D51745FF9ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2989339311" box="[529,1392,1591,1617]" country="New Zealand" location="Northland" municipality="Coromandel" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Auckland">
<location id="8ED26059FFF9FFC66D034D5173ACF9ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A48794FFF8FFC66F8549E97070F8F1:8ED26059FFF9FFC66D034D5173ACF9ED" box="[529,643,1591,1617]" municipality="Coromandel" name="Northland" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Auckland">Northland</location>
(ND),
<collectingRegion id="49C9F860FFF9FFC66DC34D517211F9ED" box="[721,830,1591,1617]" country="New Zealand" name="Auckland" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Auckland</collectingRegion>
(AK),
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD6ACF8FFF9FFC66C9C4D517537F9ED" box="[910,1048,1591,1617]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Coromandel</collectingMunicipality>
(CL), and
<location id="8ED26059FFF9FFC66B814D517401F9ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A48794FFF8FFC66F8549E97070F8F1:8ED26059FFF9FFC66B814D517401F9ED" box="[1171,1326,1591,1617]" municipality="Coromandel" name="Bay of Plenty" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Auckland">Bay of Plenty</location>
(BP).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFF9FFC66FD54D3D7070F8F1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFF9FFC66FD54D3D7070F8F1" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFF9FFC66FD54D3D70DBF9C8" bold="true" box="[199,500,1626,1653]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B653CDFFFF9FFC66EEC4D3D735CF95D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2988225375" collectionCode="BMNH" country="New Zealand" determinerName="J. C. Watt" location="Moko Hinou" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFF9FFC66EEC4D3D735EF9C9" box="[510,625,1627,1653]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D0BFD0BFFF9FFC66D6C4D3D739BF9C9" box="[638,692,1627,1653]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="male">male</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE47FFF9FFC66DD44D3D720EF9C9" box="[710,801,1627,1653]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
): “[male symbol] //
<location id="8ED26059FFF9FFC66B194D3D75B2F9C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A48794FFF8FFC66F8549E97070F8F1:8ED26059FFF9FFC66B194D3D75B2F9C9" box="[1035,1181,1627,1653]" name="Moko Hinou" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Moko Hinou</location>
/ isld [handwritten] // Sharp Coll. / 1905-313. // 12 // Type / H.T. [red circle label] //
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66C5E4D1972E7F925" box="[844,968,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylophilus</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66CCF4D197573F925" authority=", Ch" authorityName="Ch" box="[989,1116,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">luniger, Ch</taxonomicName>
, / [male symbol] [Champion handwriting] //
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66E584DC570B1F901" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[330,414,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Corylophidae" genus="Sacium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sacium</taxonomicName>
ochraceum [handwritten] // Sp. figured. // LECTOTYPE [male symbol] / “
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66A124DC574ADF901" box="[1280,1410,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylophilus</taxonomicName>
” / luniger / Champion / det.
<determinerName id="7E6EDA46FFF9FFC66EA04DA17338F95D" box="[434,535,1735,1761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.C. Watt</determinerName>
/ 1985”
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B653CDFFFF9FFC66D6F4DA17074F8F1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2988225356" collectionCode="BMNH" country="New Zealand" determinerName="J. C. Watt" location="Island" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFF9FFC66D6F4DA17237F95D" box="[637,792,1735,1761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D0BFD0BFFF9FFC66C304DA17241F95D" box="[802,878,1735,1761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE47FFF9FFC66C6E4DA172F8F95D" box="[892,983,1735,1761]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
): “[female symbol] // Sharp Coll. / 1905- 313. // Type / H.T. [red circle label] // Moko Hinou / Island [Champion handwriting] //
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66B6B4D8D75DAF8B9" box="[1145,1269,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylophilus</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66A1F4D8D74A2F8B9" authority="Ch." authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1916" box="[1293,1421,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">luniger Ch.</taxonomicName>
/ [female symbol] [Champion handwriting] // PARALECT. [female symbol] / “
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFF9FFC66B104C6975ABF895" box="[1026,1156,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Xylophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylophilus</taxonomicName>
” / luniger / Champ / det.
<determinerName id="7E6EDA46FFF9FFC66F854C5571D2F8F1" box="[151,253,1843,1869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.C. Watt</determinerName>
/ 1985”
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>