412 lines
56 KiB
XML
412 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="428B3A3A75BC563B8C87258E1AABB701" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="14baca7f-c6c9-4769-9571-fd17124aa6a3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="163907" ID-ZooBank="A890332A-41BC-4AAC-8415-4245E947E0DF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1477900195094" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ng, Peter K. L., Rahayu, Dwi Listyo & Shih, Hsi-Te" docDate="2016" docId="03F2480AFFB9BC76FF42C9E0A5C7FD46" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4179.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4179 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ankerius Ng, Rahayu & Shih, 2016, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="FFCB3072FFB9BC74FFD5CE73A154FFEE" masterDocTitle="Ankerius aenigmaticus, a new genus and new species of aphanodactylid crab symbiotic with polychaetes from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Aphanodactylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="278" masterPageNumber="271" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1698391374856" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="602C308DC3174D9A42B2FB891C12BDA5">Ankerius aenigmaticus, a new genus and new species of aphanodactylid crab symbiotic with polychaetes from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Aphanodactylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8D186187550A6DA734A5947E0CECCDF7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F31C1A2E32D12C087D1EDB81B1AB9CFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="983A760AA601DBA9DFAB893B3EDA709F">Ng, Peter K. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B2B7982DB569A48437E2A010AE652912">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8DCD10D1AFF1BB8597DABD5324F50C28">Rahayu, Dwi Listyo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="AC2D0BF2EC0C3AC0E7018909464EEFCE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA19100E770A7C4B3E25044301E52631">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="55BDEB149B90953A3DEBB38C260F9B28">Shih, Hsi-Te</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9E465F4B43FB72B0797BC1C97CFC0C21">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0394086711F5F53A2B8DAB1B9E12235E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7068615B8F5FDA30388E02CAF8ED0E32">
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<mods:date id="DC962A8435CDF58464092B1AF999F6D4">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B5479FF8BDECFEDE0ECE520AAB10BE03">4179</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="238F186E2FA9885A095E325F13741FCD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F2480AFFB9BC76FF42C9E0A5C7FD46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6057852" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6057852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2480AFFB9BC76FF42C9E0A5C7FD46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2480AFFB9BC76FF42C9E0A5C7FD46" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB9BC74FF42C9E0A02FF840" box="[151,379,1939,1966]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB9BC74FF42C9E0A02FF840" blockId="0.[151,379,1939,1966]" box="[151,379,1939,1966]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<heading id="D0AC4E70FFB9BC74FF42C9E0A02FF840" bold="true" box="[151,379,1939,1966]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB9BC74FF42C9E0A02FF840" bold="true" box="[151,379,1939,1966]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB9BC74FF42C9E0A052F843" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[151,262,1939,1965]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB9BC74FF42C9E0A052F843" bold="true" box="[151,262,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Ankerius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB9BC74FED8C9E7A02FF840" box="[269,379,1940,1966]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB9BC74FF42C9A8A554F81A" box="[151,1024,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB9BC74FF42C9A8A554F81A" blockId="0.[151,1024,2011,2036]" box="[151,1024,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB9BC74FF42C9A8A07FF81A" bold="true" box="[151,299,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Type species</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB9BC74FEECC9A8A36DF81D" box="[313,569,2011,2036]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB9BC74FEECC9A8A36DF81D" box="[313,569,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Ankerius aenigmaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB9BC74FD95C9A8A3BAF81A" bold="true" box="[576,750,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
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, by present designation.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB8BC75FF12CEE4A4DCFF5E" box="[199,1416,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC75FF12CEE4A4DCFF5E" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1416,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF12CEE4A012FF5E" bold="true" box="[199,326,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Etymology</emphasis>
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. Named after fellow carcinologist Arthur Anker, who collected the specimen. Gender masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB8BC75FF12CECFA3DBFD8E" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC75FF12CECFA3DBFD8E" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF12CECFA06EFF3B" bold="true" box="[199,314,188,213]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Carapace as long as wide, deeply vaulted, dome shaped, dorsal surface smooth, region indistinct. Front entire, triangular in frontal view, slightly deflexed medially, anterolateral margin arcuate, entire, finely cristate, pubescent; anterolateral margin separated from gently converging posterolateral margin. Orbital margin entire, unarmed; eyes stout, mobile. Antennule folding obliquely, filling fossa; antenna not excluded from orbit, basal segment stout. Epistome wide, medially triangular, bifurcated apex. Third maxilliped relatively slender, covering about 50% of buccal cavity; ischium approximately as long as merus; merus subquadrate, anterolateral angle rounded; exopod relatively narrow, with long flagellum. Outer surface of palm with rows of strong, sharp spines, obscured by long, plumose setae. Merus, propodus of ambulatory legs relatively long; dactylus elongated, distinctly longer than greatest height; posterior margin of merus with row of strong, sharp spines; propodus with row of spines on distal margin bracketing dactylus; dactylus with bifurcate claw, movable spines on flexor margin. Female abdomen broad, 6 free somites, telson; somites separated by deep, relatively broad suture. Vulva rounded, positioned near suture between sternites 4, 5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB8BC75FF12CC1FA449F99A" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC75FF12CC1FA395FC03" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF12CC1FA060FD6B" bold="true" box="[199,308,620,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Remarks</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FE90CC1FA0FDFD6B" box="[325,425,620,645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE90CC1FA0FDFD6B" box="[325,425,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FE61CC1FA375FD6B" box="[436,545,620,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE61CC1FA375FD6B" bold="true" box="[436,545,620,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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has several atypical characters for
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC17CC1FA5C5FD6B" box="[962,1169,620,645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphanodactylidae</taxonomicName>
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. One of the diagnostic features of the family is the possession of a short ambulatory dactylus (e.g., see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FBCDCCFCA5A8FD46" author="Ahyong" box="[1048,1276,655,680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ahyong, S. T. & Ng, P. K. L. (2009) Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms. Zootaxa, 2289, 33 - 47." type="journal article" year="2009">Ahyong & Ng 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1E). This character, together with the normal third maxilliped structure (without an enlarged and/or modified palp), easily distinguishes aphanodactylids from all other pinnotheroids (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FC86CCA4A513FD1E" author="Ahyong" box="[851,1095,727,752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ahyong, S. T. & Ng, P. K. L. (2009) Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms. Zootaxa, 2289, 33 - 47." type="journal article" year="2009">Ahyong & Ng 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). The ambulatory dactylus is proportionately longer (
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<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FE76CC8FA0A5FCFA" box="[419,497,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,735,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,735,1514]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Colours in life. Photograph: A. Anker." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/163908/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FDD5CC8FA35AFCFA" box="[512,526,764,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. A, overall habitus; B, frontal view of cephalothorax; C, ventral view of cephalothorax showing thoracic sternum and vulvae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265314/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">2</figureCitation>
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A, 4) in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FDBBCC8FA386FCFB" box="[622,722,764,789]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FDBBCC8FA386FCFB" box="[622,722,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FD0CCC8FA217FCFB" box="[729,835,764,789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD0CCC8FA217FCFB" bold="true" box="[729,835,764,789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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than in other aphanodactylids, about 1.5 to twice the length of those seen in other genera. It is nevertheless still shorter than the condition in most pinnotheroids. Most aphanodactylids (with the exception of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FD9ACD37A3FDFCB3" box="[591,681,836,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Gandoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD9ACD37A3FDFCB3" box="[591,681,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Gandoa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, cf. Ng &
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FCF5CD37A2E2FCB3" author="Rahayu" box="[800,950,836,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ng, P. K. L. & Rahayu, D. L. (2016) On the genera Selwynia Borradaile, 1903, and Gandoa Kammerer, 2006, with descriptions of two new species from Papua New Guinea and French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Aphanodactylidae). Zootaxa 4092, 339 - 370." type="journal article" year="2016">Rahayu 2016</bibRefCitation>
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) also have several short spines on the distal edge of the ambulatory propodus, bracketing the short dactylus; this character is present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FB58CD14A5A5FC6E" box="[1165,1265,871,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FB58CD14A5A5FC6E" box="[1165,1265,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FB22CD14A434FC6E" box="[1271,1376,871,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FB22CD14A434FC6E" bold="true" box="[1271,1376,871,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FABBCD14A1F3FC4A" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1552,1574]" captionTargetBox="[167,1417,354,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,337,1531]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. A, B, left P 2; C, D, left P 3; E, F, left P 4; G, H, left P 5; I, J, propodus and dactylus of left P 4. A, C, E, J, lateral view; B, D, F, I, mesial view. Scales: A – H = 1.0 mm; I, J = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/163911/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
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Fig.
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<date id="FFE5DFDCFFB8BC75FF42CDFFA1F3FC4A" box="[151,167,908,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">4</date>
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</figureCitation>
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I, J). Considering the very wide diversity in carapace, however, the morphologies of the cheliped and ambulatory leg of known aphanodactylids (cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FDCFCDDCA3AFFC26" author="Ahyong" box="[538,763,943,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ahyong, S. T. & Ng, P. K. L. (2009) Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms. Zootaxa, 2289, 33 - 47." type="journal article" year="2009">Ahyong & Ng 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
; Naruse & Maenosono 2012; Ng &
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FB58CDDCA471FC26" author="Rahayu" box="[1165,1317,943,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ng, P. K. L. & Rahayu, D. L. (2016) On the genera Selwynia Borradaile, 1903, and Gandoa Kammerer, 2006, with descriptions of two new species from Papua New Guinea and French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Aphanodactylidae). Zootaxa 4092, 339 - 370." type="journal article" year="2016">Rahayu 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FAEDCDDCA4C8FC26" box="[1336,1436,943,968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FAEDCDDCA4C8FC26" box="[1336,1436,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FF42CDA7A054FC03" box="[151,256,980,1005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF42CDA7A054FC03" bold="true" box="[151,256,980,1005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is readily accommodated in this family.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC75FF12CD84A3C0FAE3" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
|
||
The wide gap between the third maxillipeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FCCCCD84A229FBFE" box="[793,893,1015,1040]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FCCCCD84A229FBFE" box="[793,893,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FC59CD84A2A9FBFE" box="[908,1021,1015,1040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC59CD84A2A9FBFE" bold="true" box="[908,1021,1015,1040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinctive. In most species of aphanodactylids (notably
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FE6CCA6FA3B2FBDA" authority="Borradaile, 1903" authorityName="Borradaile" authorityYear="1903" box="[441,742,1052,1077]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Selwynia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE6CCA6FA34AFBDB" box="[441,542,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Selwynia</emphasis>
|
||
Borradaile, 1903
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FD24CA6EA52CFBDA" authority="Naruse, Fujita & Ng, 2009" authorityName="Naruse, Fujita & Ng" authorityYear="2009" box="[753,1144,1052,1077]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Uruma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD24CA6EA214FBDA" box="[753,832,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Uruma</emphasis>
|
||
Naruse, Fujita & Ng, 2009
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FB61CA6FA0DEFBB6" authority="Naruse & Maenosono, 2012" authorityName="Naruse & Maenosono" authorityYear="2012" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Takedactylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FB61CA6FA411FBDB" box="[1204,1349,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Takedactylus</emphasis>
|
||
Naruse & Maenosono, 2012
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the third maxillipeds cover about 80% of the buccal cavity, leaving just a narrow gap between them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FE9DCA17A0DAFB93" box="[328,398,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,772,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,772,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Buccal cavity and third maxillipeds. A, Selwynia laevis Borradaile, 1903, holotype male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (CUMZ I. 63872), Hulule Atoll, Maldives, coll. J. S. Gardiner, 1900; B, Gandoa brevipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), female (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (ZSM 1277 / 1) [holotype of Voeltzkowia zanzibarensis Lenz, 1905], Kokotoni, Zanzibar, coll. July 1889; C, Gustavus mecognathus Ahyong & Ng, 2009, paratype female (13.9 × 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2010.0252), SW Cocos Barrier, Guam, near small pass on large terebellid worm, coll. G. Paulay, 20 March 2000; D, Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265315/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The space between the third maxillipeds is slightly wider in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FBA9CA16A19BFB4E" authority="Ahyong & Ng, 2009" authorityName="Ahyong & Ng" authorityYear="2009" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Gustavus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FBA9CA16A5B1FB92" box="[1148,1253,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Gustavus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FB3ACA17A19BFB4E" author="Ahyong" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Ahyong, S. T. & Ng, P. K. L. (2009) Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms. Zootaxa, 2289, 33 - 47." type="journal article" year="2009">Ahyong & Ng, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FF0ACAF4A076FB4E" box="[223,290,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,772,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,772,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Buccal cavity and third maxillipeds. A, Selwynia laevis Borradaile, 1903, holotype male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (CUMZ I. 63872), Hulule Atoll, Maldives, coll. J. S. Gardiner, 1900; B, Gandoa brevipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), female (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (ZSM 1277 / 1) [holotype of Voeltzkowia zanzibarensis Lenz, 1905], Kokotoni, Zanzibar, coll. July 1889; C, Gustavus mecognathus Ahyong & Ng, 2009, paratype female (13.9 × 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2010.0252), SW Cocos Barrier, Guam, near small pass on large terebellid worm, coll. G. Paulay, 20 March 2000; D, Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265315/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FEB9CAF4A092FB4E" box="[364,454,1159,1184]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Gandoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FEB9CAF4A092FB4E" box="[364,454,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Gandoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the third maxillipeds are positioned further apart, leaving about half the buccal cavity exposed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FED3CADFA019FB2B" box="[262,333,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,772,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,772,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Buccal cavity and third maxillipeds. A, Selwynia laevis Borradaile, 1903, holotype male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (CUMZ I. 63872), Hulule Atoll, Maldives, coll. J. S. Gardiner, 1900; B, Gandoa brevipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), female (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (ZSM 1277 / 1) [holotype of Voeltzkowia zanzibarensis Lenz, 1905], Kokotoni, Zanzibar, coll. July 1889; C, Gustavus mecognathus Ahyong & Ng, 2009, paratype female (13.9 × 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2010.0252), SW Cocos Barrier, Guam, near small pass on large terebellid worm, coll. G. Paulay, 20 March 2000; D, Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265315/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The condition in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FD90CADFA3FDFB2B" box="[581,681,1196,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD90CADFA3FDFB2B" box="[581,681,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FD61CADFA274FB2B" box="[692,800,1196,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD61CADFA274FB2B" bold="true" box="[692,800,1196,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is generally similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FB59CADFA5B2FB2B" box="[1164,1254,1196,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Gandoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FB59CADFA5B2FB2B" box="[1164,1254,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Gandoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except that the relatively more slender ischium of the third maxilliped has the inner margin distinctly sloped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FB2DCABCA41DFB06" box="[1272,1353,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1264,1286]" captionTargetBox="[170,1420,203,1235]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,193,1243]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. A, frontal view of cephalothorax showing orbit, antennule, antenna, epistome and endostome; B, front, orbit and antenna; C, epistome and endostome; D, left third maxiliped; E, female abdomen; F, left chela; G, merus of right cheliped. Scales = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/163910/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 5D) whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FE9CCA87A0F7FAE3" box="[329,419,1268,1293]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Gandoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE9CCA87A0F7FAE3" box="[329,419,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Gandoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FDFACA87A326FAE3" box="[559,626,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,772,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,772,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Buccal cavity and third maxillipeds. A, Selwynia laevis Borradaile, 1903, holotype male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (CUMZ I. 63872), Hulule Atoll, Maldives, coll. J. S. Gardiner, 1900; B, Gandoa brevipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), female (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (ZSM 1277 / 1) [holotype of Voeltzkowia zanzibarensis Lenz, 1905], Kokotoni, Zanzibar, coll. July 1889; C, Gustavus mecognathus Ahyong & Ng, 2009, paratype female (13.9 × 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2010.0252), SW Cocos Barrier, Guam, near small pass on large terebellid worm, coll. G. Paulay, 20 March 2000; D, Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265315/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC75FF12CB64A449F99A" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
|
||
The shape of the third maxillipeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FDB9CB64A384FADE" box="[620,720,1303,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FDB9CB64A384FADE" box="[620,720,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FD02CB64A215FADE" box="[727,833,1303,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD02CB64A215FADE" bold="true" box="[727,833,1303,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and the prominent gap between them is similar to the condition seen in members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FE24CB4FA249FABA" authority="MacLeay, 1838" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1838" box="[497,797,1340,1365]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Grapsidae MacLeay, 1838</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FCFFCB4FA5C7FABA" authority="MacLeay, 1838" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1838" box="[810,1171,1340,1365]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinucidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gecarcinucidae MacLeay, 1838</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FB04CB4FA186FA96" authority="Dana, 1851" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sesarmidae Dana, 1851</taxonomicName>
|
||
; members of which have a rhomboidal gap between the third maxillipeds even when closed. None of these taxa, however, have the third maxillipeds positioned as far apart as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC79CBF7A544FA73" box="[940,1040,1412,1437]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC79CBF7A544FA73" box="[940,1040,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FBC2CBF7A5D5FA73" box="[1047,1153,1412,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FBC2CBF7A5D5FA73" bold="true" box="[1047,1153,1412,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. In any case, the form of the carapaces, orbits, mouthparts, ambulatory legs and many other features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FBE5CBD4A5F0FA2E" box="[1072,1188,1447,1472]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Grapsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FB66CBD4A430FA2E" box="[1203,1380,1447,1472]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinucidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gecarcinucidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FF42CBBFA04CFA0B" box="[151,280,1484,1509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sesarmidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FDFFCBBFA3DAFA0B" box="[554,654,1484,1509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FDFFCBBFA3DAFA0B" box="[554,654,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FD40CBBFA3ABFA0B" box="[661,767,1484,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD40CBBFA3ABFA0B" bold="true" box="[661,767,1484,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. With regards to the other thoracotreme families, members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FF6ECB9CA335F9E6" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1853" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[187,609,1519,1544]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Varunidae H. Milne Edwards, 1853</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FDA6CB9CA289F9E6" authority="Dana, 1851" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[627,989,1519,1544]" class="Malacostraca" family="Macrophthalmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FBF1CB9CA0DAF9C2" authority="N.K. Ng, Davie, Schubart & Ng, 2007" authorityName="N.K. Ng, Davie, Schubart & Ng" authorityYear="2007" class="Malacostraca" family="Xenograpsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Xenograpsidae N.K. Ng, Davie, Schubart & Ng, 2007</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have mouthparts superficially similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC1EC867A57BF9C3" box="[971,1071,1556,1581]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC1EC867A57BF9C3" box="[971,1071,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FBE2C867A5F6F9C3" box="[1079,1186,1556,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FBE2C867A5F6F9C3" bold="true" box="[1079,1186,1556,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, but they do not have distinctly gaping third maxillipeds, and their carapace, chelipeds, and ambulatory legs are very different. In any case, none of the above families have members that are known to be symbiotic with polychaete worms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C341AA97FFB8BC76FF12C80CA5C7FD46" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFB8BC76FF12C80CA3FEFE1A" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FF12C80CA07FF976" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[199,299,1663,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF12C80CA07FF976" box="[199,299,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FEEDC80CA0FCF976" box="[312,424,1663,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FEEDC80CA0FCF976" bold="true" box="[312,424,1663,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
superficially resembles the pinnotherid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC59C8F2A5C7F976" ID-CoL="7Q45S" authority="Rathbun, 1898" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityYear="1898" box="[908,1171,1663,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC59C8F2A28DF976" box="[908,985,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
Rathbun, 1898
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FA52C8F2A0E4F952" ID-CoL="7C4R8" authority="Rathbun, 1898" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityYear="1898" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FA52C8F2A057F953" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">T. scabripes</emphasis>
|
||
Rathbun, 1898
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FE39C8D6A2C8F953" ID-CoL="7C4QW" authority="A. Milne-Edwards, 1867" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1867" box="[492,924,1700,1725]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fischerii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE39C8D6A337F953" box="[492,611,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">T. fischerii</emphasis>
|
||
(A. Milne-Edwards, 1867))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(at present their position in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FAD5C8D7A4C8F953" ID-CoL="7NKH5" box="[1280,1436,1700,1725]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pinnotheridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is uncertain;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FEF8C8B4A30FF90E" author="Palacios-Theil" box="[301,603,1735,1760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Palacios-Theil, E., Cuesta, J. A. & Felder, D. L. (2016) Molecular evidence for non-monophyly of the pinnotheroid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheroidea), warranting taxonomic reappraisal. Invertebrate Systematics, 30, 1 - 27. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 15023" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Palacios-Theil
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FE0CC8BAA341F90E" box="[473,533,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is particularly with regard to the general carapace shape, and the spiny chelae and ambulatory legs (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FDEAC89FA206F8EA" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[575,850,1772,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, Deuxieme Partie. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9, 155 - 332, pls. 4 - 18." type="journal article" year="1873">A. Milne-Edwards 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 3, 3a;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FBC0C89FA5E3F8EA" author="Rathbun" box="[1045,1207,1772,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Rathbun M. J. (1918) The grapsoid crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 97, 1 - 461, pls. 1 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.97. i" type="journal article" year="1918">Rathbun 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-fig. 114a, c, pl. 39 figs. 4, 5;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FEFCC97CA0F8F8C6" author="Tesch" box="[297,428,1807,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Tesch, J. J. (1918) Decapoda Brachyura II. Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monographie, 39 c 1, 149 - 295." type="journal article" year="1918">Tesch 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 1, 1b).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FDADC97CA388F8C6" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[632,732,1807,1832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FDADC97CA388F8C6" box="[632,732,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FD37C97CA21FF8C6" box="[738,843,1807,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FD37C97CA21FF8C6" bold="true" box="[738,843,1807,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, however, has a quadrate and smooth carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FAB1C97CA1F1F8A2" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,735,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,735,1514]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Colours in life. Photograph: A. Anker." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/163908/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FF6DC947A192F8A2" box="[184,198,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. A, overall habitus; B, frontal view of cephalothorax; C, ventral view of cephalothorax showing thoracic sternum and vulvae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265314/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) (transversely rectangular and distinctly granular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC99C946A2CDF8A2" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[844,921,1845,1868]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC99C946A2CDF8A2" box="[844,921,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FC01C947A5A6F8A2" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[980,1266,1844,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, Deuxieme Partie. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9, 155 - 332, pls. 4 - 18." type="journal article" year="1873">A. Milne-Edwards 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FF42C924A06DF89E" author="Rathbun" box="[151,313,1879,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Rathbun M. J. (1918) The grapsoid crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 97, 1 - 461, pls. 1 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.97. i" type="journal article" year="1918">Rathbun 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-fig. 114c, pl. 39 figs. 4;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FD52C924A25FF89E" author="Tesch" box="[647,779,1879,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Tesch, J. J. (1918) Decapoda Brachyura II. Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monographie, 39 c 1, 149 - 295." type="journal article" year="1918">Tesch 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 1), and the ambulatory legs are relatively more slender and longer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FEA3C90FA090F87A" box="[374,452,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,735,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,735,1514]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Colours in life. Photograph: A. Anker." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/163908/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFB8BC75FE07C90FA0B4F87A" box="[466,480,1916,1940]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[180,1396,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. A, overall habitus; B, frontal view of cephalothorax; C, ventral view of cephalothorax showing thoracic sternum and vulvae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265314/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">2</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 4) (distinctly shorter and stouter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC45C90EA289F87A" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[912,989,1917,1940]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC45C90EA289F87A" box="[912,989,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FBDAC90FA477F87A" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[1039,1315,1916,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, Deuxieme Partie. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9, 155 - 332, pls. 4 - 18." type="journal article" year="1873">A. Milne-Edwards 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FF60C9D3A00CF856" author="Rathbun" box="[181,344,1952,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Rathbun M. J. (1918) The grapsoid crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 97, 1 - 461, pls. 1 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.97. i" type="journal article" year="1918">Rathbun 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-fig. 114c, pl. 39 figs. 4, 5;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFB8BC75FD12C9D3A218F856" author="Tesch" box="[711,844,1952,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" refString="Tesch, J. J. (1918) Decapoda Brachyura II. Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monographie, 39 c 1, 149 - 295." type="journal article" year="1918">Tesch 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18 fig. 1, 1b). While the ambulatory dactylus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FF42C9B6A1B0F832" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[151,228,1989,2012]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FF42C9B6A1B0F832" box="[151,228,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of P2–P4 is relatively short, it is still longer than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFB8BC75FC7BC9B7A546F833" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[942,1042,1988,2013]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FC7BC9B7A546F833" box="[942,1042,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFB8BC75FBCAC9B7A5DAF833" box="[1055,1166,1988,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFB8BC75FBCAC9B7A5DAF833" bold="true" box="[1055,1166,1988,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="272">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
More importantly, the ambulatory dactyli of P2–P5 of all aphanodactylids (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FCB1CEE4A29CFF5E" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[868,968,151,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FCB1CEE4A29CFF5E" box="[868,968,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFBBBC76FC05CEE4A56FFF5E" box="[976,1083,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FC05CEE4A56FFF5E" bold="true" box="[976,1083,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) are all subqual in length. The ambulatory dactyli of P2–P4 are proportionately longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FCE4CECEA22AFF3A" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[817,894,189,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FCE4CECEA22AFF3A" box="[817,894,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and only that of P5 is short and comparable in length to that of aphanodactylids (unpublished data). The most important difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FB61CE92A455FF16" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[1204,1281,225,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FB61CE92A455FF16" box="[1204,1281,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FAEDCEACA4C8FF16" ID-CoL="7NPZT" box="[1336,1436,223,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" genus="Ankerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FAEDCEACA4C8FF16" box="[1336,1436,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Ankerius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C9875FFBBBC76FF42CF77A056FEF3" box="[151,258,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FF42CF77A056FEF3" bold="true" box="[151,258,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(and all aphanodactylids) is that the third maxilliped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FC52CF76A286FEF2" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[903,978,261,284]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FC52CF76A286FEF2" box="[903,978,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is typically “pinnotherid”-like, with the ischium and merus reduced in size, the palp (carpus, propodus, and dactylus) very large, and the dactylus prominent (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FEEACF3FA097FE8A" author="Tesch" box="[319,451,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Tesch, J. J. (1918) Decapoda Brachyura II. Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monographie, 39 c 1, 149 - 295." type="journal article" year="1918">Tesch 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 18, fig. 1a;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FDA1CF3FA242FE8A" author="Rathbun" box="[628,790,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Rathbun M. J. (1918) The grapsoid crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 97, 1 - 461, pls. 1 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.97. i" type="journal article" year="1918">Rathbun 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-fig. 114b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FC1CCF3FA53CFE8B" author="Campos" box="[969,1128,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Campos, E. (2006) Systematics of the genus Scleroplax Rathbun, 1893 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae). Zootaxa, 1344, 33 - 41." type="journal article" year="2006">Campos 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2E, F)). This contrasts with the typical third maxilliped structure in aphanodactylids in which the ischium and merus are relatively large and the palp reduced (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360E599FFBBBC76FE1ECFE7A359FE43" box="[459,525,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,772,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,772,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Buccal cavity and third maxillipeds. A, Selwynia laevis Borradaile, 1903, holotype male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (CUMZ I. 63872), Hulule Atoll, Maldives, coll. J. S. Gardiner, 1900; B, Gandoa brevipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), female (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (ZSM 1277 / 1) [holotype of Voeltzkowia zanzibarensis Lenz, 1905], Kokotoni, Zanzibar, coll. July 1889; C, Gustavus mecognathus Ahyong & Ng, 2009, paratype female (13.9 × 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2010.0252), SW Cocos Barrier, Guam, near small pass on large terebellid worm, coll. G. Paulay, 20 March 2000; D, Ankerius aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (7.2 × 7.0 mm) (UF), Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265315/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FDECCFE6A3D7FE42" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[569,643,405,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FDECCFE6A3D7FE42" box="[569,643,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have been known to be associated with clams and polychaete worms although they have also been found free-living (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FCF8CFC4A2E5FE3E" author="Tesch" box="[813,945,439,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Tesch, J. J. (1918) Decapoda Brachyura II. Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monographie, 39 c 1, 149 - 295." type="journal article" year="1918">Tesch 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 271). The genus is now being revised by T. Naruse and colleagues (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FE1BCFAEA3CBFE1A" author="Naruse" box="[462,671,476,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Naruse, T., Ng, P. K. L. & Komai, T. (2011) A revision of the genus Tetrias with recognition of new species. Abstracts of the 49 th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Carcinological Society, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan, 22 - 23 October 2011, p. 16." type="book chapter" year="2011">
|
||
Naruse
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FDF1CFAEA308FE1B" box="[548,604,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4F91CFFBBBC76FF12CC73A5C7FD46" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
|
||
In their recent molecular reappraisal of Pinnotheroidea,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA84EDFFBBBC76FC9DCF8CA5D4FDF6" box="[840,1152,511,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refString="Palacios-Theil, E., Cuesta, J. A. & Felder, D. L. (2016) Molecular evidence for non-monophyly of the pinnotheroid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheroidea), warranting taxonomic reappraisal. Invertebrate Systematics, 30, 1 - 27. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 15023" type="journal article">
|
||
Palacios-Theil
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FC27CC72A579FDF6" box="[1010,1069,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FACECC72A432FDF6" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[1307,1382,513,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FACECC72A432FDF6" box="[1307,1382,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was phylogenetically separated from the main
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FD6DCC57A203FDD3" ID-CoL="7NKH5" box="[696,855,548,573]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pinnotheridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and they suggested it might be related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FF42CC34A033FD8E" ID-CoL="7NHCB" box="[151,359,583,608]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aphanodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphanodactylidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They also indicated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FD45CC3AA38EFD8E" ID-CoL="7Q45S" box="[656,730,585,608]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Tetrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FD45CC3AA38EFD8E" box="[656,730,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Tetrias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be allied with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B829FFFBBBC76FBD2CC3AA40DFD8E" ID-CoL="7PPYC" authority="Holmes, 1895" authorityName="Holmes" authorityYear="1895" box="[1031,1369,583,608]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Parapinnixa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F250EFFBBBC76FBD2CC3AA5C7FD8E" box="[1031,1171,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Parapinnixa</emphasis>
|
||
Holmes, 1895
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and aphanodactylids. It is clear that to ascertain their phylogenetic relationships, a detailed genetic study of aphanodactylids will need to be done and compared with other thoracotremes in the future.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |