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<mods:title id="6273FA1FDFF89BBB98C361EE310CE2BD">Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="849B354DFC57814C875EEFE95C30F2B5">Fagan-Jeffries, Erinn P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9AA3EAE21618C6FED42F066BDA83E4C1">Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology &amp; Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Australia. &amp; South Australian Museum, Adelaide, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="868A290692131120991BA9CB0F872240">Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology &amp; Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Australia. &amp; South Australian Museum, Adelaide, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164613096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" scope_class="Insecta" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Microgastrinae">
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<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD054FC3684DA29C7" ID-CoL="YXDN" authority="(Haliday, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[602,986,927,953]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD054FC36841B29C7" bold="true" box="[602,795,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD124FC3684D129C7" author="Haliday" box="[810,977,927,953]" firstAuthor="Haliday" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="225 - 259" refId="ref24416" refString="Haliday A. H. 1834. Essay on the Classification of parasitic Hymenoptera, &amp; c. The Entomological Magazine 2 (3): 225 - 259." type="journal article" year="1834">Haliday, 1834</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC437381CD0A8FC6A848E29A3" box="[678,910,963,989]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD0A8FC6A848E29A3" blockId="44.[602,986,927,989]" box="[678,910,963,989]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<figureCitation id="137C2A01C437381CD0A8FC6A840529A3" box="[678,773,963,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1001,1027]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,376,960]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[189,1399,376,960]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. A. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), scutellar disk (ANIC 32 130230). B. C. rufiventris (Bingham, 1906), scutellar disk (paralectotype NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3899330/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137C2A01C437381CD11CFC6A843829A3" box="[786,824,963,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1765,1791]" captionTargetBox="[190,1399,1414,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[189,1399,1414,1711]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. A. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), T3 (ANIC 32 130230). B. Cotesia vestalis (Haliday, 1834), T3 (WINC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3899332/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">4A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137C2A01C437381CD14AFC6A848E29A3" box="[836,910,963,989]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="45.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionStartId-1="46.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox-0="[208,1381,265,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,559,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure@45.[208,1381,265,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure@46.[189,1399,559,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="45" captionTargetPageId-1="46" captionText-0="Fig. 26. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), syntype of C. sydneyensis (Cameron, 1911) (NHMUK 3.c.999). A. Habitus in dorsal view and fore wing B. Enlarged section of A showing propodeum and T1–2." captionText-1="Fig. 27. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), ♀ (ANIC 32 130230) A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Habitus in dorsal view. C. Fore wing." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899378" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899380" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3899378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3899380/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">26–27</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FBAF84912E5E" blockId="44.[189,913,1030,1128]" box="[189,913,1030,1057]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5711AAC437381CD2B3FBAF84912E5E" box="[189,913,1030,1057]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD2B3FBAF85972E5F" author="Haliday A. H." box="[189,663,1030,1057]" page="253" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1834">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FBAF85972E5F" authority="Haliday, 1834: 253" authorityName="Haliday" authorityPageNumber="253" authorityYear="1834" box="[189,663,1030,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Microgaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FBAF86AF2E5E" box="[189,431,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Microgaster ruficrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD3B9FBAF85972E5F" author="Haliday" box="[439,663,1030,1057]" firstAuthor="Haliday" page="253" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="225 - 259" refId="ref24416" refString="Haliday A. H. 1834. Essay on the Classification of parasitic Hymenoptera, &amp; c. The Entomological Magazine 2 (3): 225 - 259." type="journal article" year="1834">Haliday, 1834: 253</bibRefCitation>
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(
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, 
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, NMI).
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5711AAC437381CD2B3FB8385A32E3B" box="[189,675,1066,1093]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD2B3FB83859F2E3B" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[189,671,1066,1093]" page="355" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FB83859F2E3B" authority="Ashmead, 1900: 355" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityPageNumber="355" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,671,1066,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FB8386A02E3A" box="[189,416,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles antipoda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD3A6FB83859F2E3B" author="Ashmead" box="[424,671,1066,1093]" firstAuthor="Ashmead" page="355" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="353 - 60" refId="ref22932" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1900. Notes on some New Zealand and Australian parasitic Hymenoptera, with descriptions of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 25: 353 - 60." type="journal article" year="1900">Ashmead, 1900: 355</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FBE785C12E16" blockId="44.[189,913,1030,1128]" box="[189,705,1102,1128]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5711AAC437381CD2B3FBE785C12E16" box="[189,705,1102,1128]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD2B3FBE785BD2E16" author="Cameron P." box="[189,701,1102,1128]" page="342" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FBE785BD2E16" authority="Cameron, 1911: 342" authorityName="Cameron" authorityPageNumber="342" authorityYear="1911" box="[189,701,1102,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FBE786C22E16" box="[189,450,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles sydneyensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD3C4FBE785BD2E16" author="Cameron" box="[458,701,1102,1128]" firstAuthor="Cameron" page="342" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="333 - 46" refId="ref23365" refString="Cameron P. 1911. On a collection of parasitic Hymenoptera (chiefly bred), made by Mr W. W. Froggatt, F. L. S., in New South Wales, with descriptions of new genera and species. Part 1. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 36: 333 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21909" type="journal article" year="1911">Cameron, 1911: 342</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FB38835D2ED5" blockId="44.[189,1294,1169,1268]" box="[189,1117,1169,1196]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FB3886C22ED5" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1911" box="[189,450,1169,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FB3886C22ED5" box="[189,450,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD3D1FB3885D42ED2" box="[479,724,1169,1196]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD3D1FB3885D42ED2" author="Wilkinson D. S." box="[479,724,1169,1196]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="79 - 105" part="19" refId="ref26480" refString="Wilkinson D. S. 1928 a. A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I. Bulletin of Entomological Research 19: 79 - 105." title="A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I" type="journal article" year="1928">Wilkinson 1928a: 95</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymised with 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD1CDFB38834B2ED5" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[963,1099,1169,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD1CDFB38834B2ED5" box="[963,1099,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A. antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FB1C820E2EB1" blockId="44.[189,1294,1169,1268]" box="[189,1294,1205,1232]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5711AAC437381CD2B3FB1C820E2EB1" box="[189,1294,1205,1232]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FB1C86A02EB1" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,416,1205,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FB1C86A02EB1" box="[189,416,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD3B3FB1C84382EB1" box="[445,824,1205,1232]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD3B3FB1C85B62EAE" author="Wilkinson D. S." box="[445,694,1205,1232]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="79 - 105" part="19" refId="ref26480" refString="Wilkinson D. S. 1928 a. A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I. Bulletin of Entomological Research 19: 79 - 105." title="A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I" type="journal article" year="1928">Wilkinson 1928a: 95</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD0CFFB1C84382EB1" author="Wilkinson D. S." box="[705,824,1205,1231]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="103" part="20" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1017/S000748530002099X" refId="ref26556" refString="Wilkinson D. S. 1929. New parasitic Hymenoptera and Notes on other Species. Bulletin of Entomological Research 20 (01): 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 000748530002099 X" title="New parasitic Hymenoptera and Notes on other Species" type="journal article" year="1929">1929: 108</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymised with 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD628FB1C83FC2EB1" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1062,1276,1205,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD628FB1C83FC2EB1" box="[1062,1276,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FB7384E92E8A" blockId="44.[189,1294,1169,1268]" box="[189,1001,1241,1268]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FB7386792E8D" ID-CoL="YXDN" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[189,377,1241,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FB7386792E8D" box="[189,377,1241,1268]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE61095C437381CD399FB7385632E8D" author="Mason W. R. M." box="[407,611,1241,1268]" page="113" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD399FB7385632E8D" author="Mason" box="[407,611,1241,1268]" firstAuthor="Mason" page="113" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref24776" refString="Mason W. R. M. 1981. The polyphyletic nature of Apanteles Foerster (Hymenopera: Braconidae): A phylogeny and reclassification of Microgastrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 113 (S 115): 1 - 147. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 113115 fv" type="journal article" year="1981">Mason 1981: 113</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(transferred from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD135FB7084AF2E8D" ID-CoL="62CWH" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1862" box="[827,943,1241,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD135FB7084AF2E8D" box="[827,943,1241,1267]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Apanteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20057EDC437381CD1B8FB7084D82E8A" box="[950,984,1241,1268]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FAB586A82F24" blockId="44.[189,1398,1307,1370]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
For a full list of synonyms and bibliography, see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD0F6FAB584FA2F49" author="Shenefelt R. D." box="[760,1018,1308,1335]" editor="Van der Vecht J. &amp; Shenefelt R. D." journalOrPublisher="W. Junk N. V., The Hague" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="429 - 668" part="7" refId="ref25978" refString="Shenefelt R. D. 1972. Braconidae 4: Apanteles. In: Van der Vecht J. &amp; Shenefelt R. D. (eds) Hymenopteroeum Catalogus 7: 429 - 668. W. Junk N. V., The Hague." title="Braconidae 4: Apanteles" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Hymenopteroeum Catalogus" year="1972">Shenefelt (1972: 617)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD60AFAB583BA2F49" author="Yu D. &amp; van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K" box="[1028,1210,1307,1335]" journalOrPublisher="Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution, Taxapad, Vancouver, Canada" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref26724" refString="Yu D., van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. World Ichneumonoidea 2015. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution, Taxapad, Vancouver, Canada." title="World Ichneumonoidea 2015" type="book" year="2016">
Yu 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD625FAB5835E2F4B" box="[1067,1118,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C437381CD6FCFAB586A42F24" author="Fernandez-Triana J. &amp; Shaw M. R. &amp; Boudreault C. &amp; Beaudin M. &amp; Broad G. R." journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 1089" part="920" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.920.39128" refId="ref24050" refString="Fernandez-Triana J., Shaw M. R., Boudreault C., Beaudin M. &amp; Broad G. R. 2020. Annotated and illustrated world checklist of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). ZooKeys 920: 1 - 1089. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 920.39128" title="Annotated and illustrated world checklist of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)" type="journal article" year="2020">
Fernández-Triana 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD31EFAE8864B2F24" box="[272,331,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC437381CD2B3FA2B87F22C47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FA2B86362FE2" blockId="44.[189,310,1410,1436]" box="[189,310,1410,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0B081E8C437381CD2B3FA2B86362FE2" bold="true" box="[189,310,1410,1436]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FA2B86362FE2" bold="true" box="[189,310,1410,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3FA1B87F22C47" blockId="44.[189,1398,1458,1593]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD2B3FA1B86772FB2" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[189,375,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3FA1B86772FB2" box="[189,375,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from all other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD154FA1B84B42FB2" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1891" box="[858,948,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD154FA1B84B42FB2" box="[858,948,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cotesia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently described from 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C437381CD6D5FA1B82472FB2" box="[1243,1351,1458,1484]" name="Australia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C437381CD2B3FA7E869F2F8E" box="[189,415,1494,1521]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
by the following combination of characters: T1 consistently broadening posteriorly, wedge shaped; scutellar disk with strong punctures; T3 with only a single row of setae in posterior half.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC437381ED2B3F9C884F92BCD" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3F9C886AA2C05" blockId="44.[189,426,1633,1659]" box="[189,426,1633,1659]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0B081E8C437381CD2B3F9C886AA2C05" bold="true" box="[189,426,1633,1659]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2B3F9C886AA2C05" bold="true" box="[189,426,1633,1659]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2E4F93885322CD5" blockId="44.[189,1398,1680,1780]" box="[234,562,1680,1707]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2E4F93885322CD5" bold="true" box="[234,562,1680,1707]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus id="54FC8826C437381CD2E4F938865A2CD5" box="[234,346,1681,1707]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD38CF93885322CD5" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1911" box="[386,562,1680,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD38CF93885322CD5" bold="true" box="[386,562,1680,1707]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2B3F91C843A2C8D" blockId="44.[189,1398,1680,1780]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C437381CD2B3F91C84362C8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401334" collectedFrom="on Plusia Ochsenheimer, 1816" collectingDate="1902-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="W. W. Froggart" country="Australia" location="Sydney" municipality="Sydney" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="NHMUK 3.c.999" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C437381CD2B3F91C86622CB1" box="[189,354,1717,1743]" name="Australia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC437381CD372F91C86C02CB1" box="[380,448,1717,1743]" count="4" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="4983F866C437381CD3C1F91C85A42CB1" box="[463,676,1717,1743]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9CACFEC437381CD0BFF91C840D2CB1" box="[689,781,1717,1743]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sydney</collectingMunicipality>
; parasitic 
<collectedFrom id="385B7579C437381CD18AF91C83F02CB1" box="[900,1264,1717,1743]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
on 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C437381CD1A4F91C83F02CB1" authority="Ochsenheimer, 1816" authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[938,1264,1717,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Plusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD1A4F91C84F52CB1" box="[938,1013,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Plusia</emphasis>
Ochsenheimer, 1816
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
caterpillar; bred 
<date id="FFF91044C437381CD2F6F973866B2C8D" box="[248,363,1753,1780]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1902-06">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC437381CD2F6F973866B2C8D" box="[248,363,1753,1780]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1902-06">Jun. 1902</collectingDate>
</date>
[by 
<collectorName id="26B25352C437381CD3AEF97385542C8A" box="[416,596,1753,1780]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">W.W. Froggart</collectorName>
]; 
<specimenCode id="DBE19EFFC437381CD068F97384362C8D" box="[614,822,1753,1780]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">NHMUK 3.c.999</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381CD2E4F8B586A62D48" blockId="44.[189,1399,1820,2027]" box="[234,422,1820,1846]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD2E4F8B586A62D48" bold="true" box="[234,422,1820,1846]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Other material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C437381ED2B3F8E984F92BCD" blockId="44.[189,1399,1820,2027]" lastBlockId="46.[189,1399,267,436]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C437381CD2B3F8E982192D00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401367" collectingDate="2005-12-21" collectingDateMax="2005-12-27" collectingDateMin="2005-12-21" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="C. Stephens" country="Australia" location="Bungo Street" municipality="Eden" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="New South Wales">
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C437381CD2B3F8E986622D24" box="[189,354,1856,1882]" name="Australia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD388F8E985662D24" bold="true" box="[390,614,1856,1882]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="4983F866C437381CD388F8E985662D24" box="[390,614,1856,1882]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC437381CD088F8E985B62D24" box="[646,694,1856,1882]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9CACFEC437381CD0C6F8E984072D24" box="[712,775,1856,1882]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Eden</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E98605FC437381CD118F8E984B72D24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA:8E98605FC437381CD118F8E984B72D24" box="[790,951,1856,1882]" country="Australia" municipality="Eden" name="Bungo Street" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="New South Wales">Bungo Street</location>
; 
<date id="FFF91044C437381CD1C8F8E983992D25" box="[966,1177,1856,1883]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2005-12-21" valueMax="2005-12-27" valueMin="2005-12-21">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC437381CD1C8F8E983992D25" box="[966,1177,1856,1883]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2005-12-21" valueMax="2005-12-27" valueMin="2005-12-21">21–27 Dec. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C437381CD6A7F8E982392D24" box="[1193,1337,1856,1882]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. Stephens</collectorName>
leg.; M/T in exotic native garden blend nr eucalypt forest; 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD16EF8CD84932D00" box="[864,915,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">COI</emphasis>
BOLD: AUMIC289-18; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C437381CD6C5F8CD82192D00" box="[1227,1305,1892,1918]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C437381CD733F8CD854F2D95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401331" collectingDate="2004-01-11" collectingDateMax="2004-01-13" collectingDateMin="2004-01-11" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="C Lambkin &amp; M Lambkin &amp; N Lambkin &amp; NT Starick" country="Australia" elevation="1500" latitude="-36.540554" location="Kosciuszko NP" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="148.26445" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="ANIC 32 130230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="New South Wales">
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC437381CD733F8CD826F2D01" box="[1341,1391,1892,1919]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8E98605FC437381CD2B3F82186762DDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA:8E98605FC437381CD2B3F82186762DDD" box="[189,374,1928,1955]" country="Australia" latitude="-36.540554" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="148.26445" name="Kosciuszko NP" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="New South Wales">Kosciuszko NP</location>
; 
<locationDeviation id="9A4A2FA6C437381CD38CF82185942DDC" box="[386,660,1928,1954]" location="Thredbo" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="4CBF9B61C437381CD38CF82186D42DDC" box="[386,468,1928,1954]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="3.6">3.6 km</quantity>
SW of Thredbo
</locationDeviation>
, nr Dead Horse Gap; 
<date id="FFF91044C437381CD19DF82183572DDC" box="[915,1111,1928,1955]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2004-01-11" valueMax="2004-01-13" valueMin="2004-01-11">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC437381CD19DF82183572DDC" box="[915,1111,1928,1955]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2004-01-11" valueMax="2004-01-13" valueMin="2004-01-11">11–13 Jan. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C437381CD66DF82182452DDC" box="[1123,1349,1928,1954]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C&amp;M&amp;N Lambkin</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="26B25352C437381CD2B3F804863E2DB9" box="[189,318,1965,1991]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">NT Starick</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C437381CD371F80486C72DB9" box="[383,455,1965,1991]" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ANIC</collectionCode>
bulk sample 2217; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE735043C437381CD0A1F802843F2DB9" box="[687,831,1963,1991]" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-36.540554">36°32′26″ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE735043C437381CD143F80284EE2DB9" box="[845,1006,1963,1991]" degrees="148" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="15" seconds="52" value="148.26445">148°15′52″ E</geoCoordinate>
; M/T; 
<elevation id="006AD1B7C437381CD633F80583D72DB9" box="[1085,1239,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<quantity id="4CBF9B61C437381CD633F80583972DB9" box="[1085,1175,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD6EAF80482172DB9" box="[1252,1303,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">COI</emphasis>
BOLD: AUMIC472-18; 
<specimenCode id="DBE19EFFC437381CD371F878854F2D95" box="[383,591,2001,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ANIC 32 130230</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C437381ED061F878859E2B58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401318" collectingDate="1986-12-03" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="I. J. Titmarsh" country="Australia" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" location="Bookstead" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C437381CD061F87884032D95" bold="true" box="[623,771,2001,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="4983F866C437381CD061F87884032D95" box="[623,771,2001,2027]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Queensland</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC437381CD115F87884482D95" box="[795,840,2001,2027]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8E98605FC437381CD158F87884D62D95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA:8E98605FC437381CD158F87884D62D95" box="[854,982,2001,2027]" country="Australia" name="Bookstead" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Queensland">Bookstead</location>
; 
<date id="FFF91044C437381CD1EFF87883732D95" box="[993,1139,2001,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1986-12-03">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC437381CD1EFF87883732D95" box="[993,1139,2001,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1986-12-03">3 Dec. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C437381CD671F87882122D95" box="[1151,1298,2001,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">I.J. Titmarsh</collectorName>
leg.; ex. fifth instar 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C435381ED333FEA586CD2B5B" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1808" box="[317,461,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Helicoverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigera">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED333FEA586CD2B5B" box="[317,461,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. armigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on maize; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C435381ED042FEA5859E2B58" box="[588,670,268,294]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C435381ED0B0FEA283512B34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401345" collectingDate="1985-11-15" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="T. Prance" country="Australia" location="Goolwa" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="South Australia">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED0B0FEA284822B5B" bold="true" box="[702,898,267,293]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<collectingRegion id="4983F866C435381ED0B0FEA284822B5B" box="[702,898,267,293]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">South Australia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC435381ED194FEA584C72B58" box="[922,967,268,294]" count="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8E98605FC435381ED1DAFEA283352B5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA:8E98605FC435381ED1DAFEA283352B5B" box="[980,1077,267,293]" country="Australia" name="Goolwa" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" stateProvince="South Australia">Goolwa</location>
; coll. 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED674FEA283FD2B58" box="[1146,1277,267,294]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-11-15">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC435381ED674FEA283FD2B58" box="[1146,1277,267,294]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-11-15">15 Nov. 85</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C435381ED707FEA582772B58" box="[1289,1399,268,294]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">T. Prance</collectorName>
leg.; ex. army worms on oats; pupated 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED080FE9984042B34" box="[654,772,303,330]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-12-02">2 Dec. 85</date>
, emerged 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED171FE9984F52B34" box="[895,1013,303,330]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-12-09">9 Dec. 85</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C435381ED60DFE9983512B34" box="[1027,1105,304,330]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C435381ED663FE9983EC2B13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401316" collectingDate="1985-11-15" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="T. Prance" country="Australia" location="Goolwa" municipality="Goolwa" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="South Australia">
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC435381ED663FE99839C2B34" box="[1133,1180,304,330]" count="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9CACFEC435381ED6A5FE86820C2B37" box="[1195,1292,303,329]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Goolwa</collectingMunicipality>
; 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED716FE8687DD2B13" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-11-15">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC435381ED716FE8687DD2B13" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-11-15">15 Nov. 85</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C435381ED2E4FEFA86592B13" box="[234,345,339,365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">T. Prance</collectorName>
leg.; ex. army worms on oats; pupated 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED125FEFA84A02B13" box="[811,928,338,365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-12-02">2 Dec. 85</date>
, emerged 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED617FEFA838E2B13" box="[1049,1166,338,365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1985-12-09">9 Dec. 85</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C435381ED694FEFA83EC2B13" box="[1178,1260,339,365]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C435381ED700FEFA83C22BEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401346" collectingDate="1979-09-16" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="Kununurra" country="Australia" location="Kununurra" municipality="Kununurra" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED700FEFA86322BEE" bold="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<collectingRegion id="4983F866C435381ED700FEFA86322BEE" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC435381ED342FEDF86792BEE" box="[332,377,374,400]" count="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9CACFEC435381ED386FEDF850B2BEE" box="[392,523,374,400]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Kununurra</collectingMunicipality>
; 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED019FEDF85982BEE" box="[535,664,374,400]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1979-09-16">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC435381ED019FEDF85982BEE" box="[535,664,374,400]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1979-09-16">16 Sep. 79</collectingDate>
</date>
; reared in lab ex. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C435381ED164FEDF83642BEE" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1857" box="[874,1124,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Pseudaletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convecta">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED164FEDF83642BEE" box="[874,1124,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Pseudaletia convecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C435381ED67AFEDF83C22BEE" box="[1140,1218,374,400]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CD9C435381ED6D2FEDF84F42BCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636401325" collectingDate="1983-05-06" collectionCode="WINC" collectorName="C. Boyd" country="Australia" location="Harvey" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<specimenCount id="9D41FD0DC435381ED6D2FEDF82092BEE" box="[1244,1289,374,400]" count="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8E98605FC435381ED716FEDF82722BEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8792C437381FD054FC3686CC2CDA:8E98605FC435381ED716FEDF82722BEE" box="[1304,1394,374,400]" country="Australia" name="Harvey" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" stateProvince="Western Australia">Harvey</location>
; em. 
<date id="FFF91044C435381ED2E1FE3086812BCD" box="[239,385,409,436]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1983-05-06">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9ACC435381ED2E1FE3086812BCD" box="[239,385,409,436]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1983-05-06">6 May 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26B25352C435381ED383FE3086F22BCD" box="[397,498,409,435]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. Boyd</collectorName>
; leg.; ex. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C435381ED06DFE3084102BCD" baseAuthorityName="Hufnagel" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[611,784,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ipsilon">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED06DFE3084102BCD" box="[611,784,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Agrotis ipsilon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[on] millet; 
<collectionCode id="ED56AE41C435381ED1ACFE3084F42BCD" box="[930,1012,409,435]" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Glen Osmond, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, Waite Insect &amp; Nematode Collection" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x6e8-49wy" name="Waite Insect and Nematode Collection" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WINC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF38660CC436381DD2B3F80582302D94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3899378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3899378/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[189,232,1964,1990]" targetBox="[208,1381,265,1924]" targetPageId="45">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C436381DD2B3F80582302D94" blockId="45.[189,1398,1964,2026]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C436381DD2B3F80586172DB9" bold="true" box="[189,279,1964,1991]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C436381DD315F80485922DB9" authority="(Haliday, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[283,658,1964,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C436381DD315F80486D52DB9" box="[283,469,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C436381DD3ECF80585892DB9" author="Haliday" box="[482,649,1964,1991]" firstAuthor="Haliday" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="225 - 259" refId="ref24416" refString="Haliday A. H. 1834. Essay on the Classification of parasitic Hymenoptera, &amp; c. The Entomological Magazine 2 (3): 225 - 259." type="journal article" year="1834">Haliday, 1834</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, syntype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C436381DD117F804838C2DB9" authority="(Cameron, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[793,1164,1964,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C436381DD117F80484C32DB8" box="[793,963,1964,1991]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. sydneyensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C436381DD1DEF80483842DB9" author="Cameron" box="[976,1156,1965,1991]" firstAuthor="Cameron" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="333 - 46" refId="ref23365" refString="Cameron P. 1911. On a collection of parasitic Hymenoptera (chiefly bred), made by Mr W. W. Froggatt, F. L. S., in New South Wales, with descriptions of new genera and species. Part 1. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 36: 333 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21909" type="journal article" year="1911">Cameron, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 3.c.999). 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C436381DD2B3F87987D22D94" bold="true" box="[189,210,2000,2026]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A</emphasis>
. Habitus in dorsal view and fore wing 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C436381DD095F87985AF2D94" bold="true" box="[667,687,2000,2026]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B</emphasis>
. Enlarged section of A showing propodeum and T1–2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF38660CC435381ED2B3F80485132D94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3899380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3899380/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[189,232,1965,1991]" targetBox="[189,1399,559,1920]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C435381ED2B3F80485132D94" blockId="46.[189,1398,1965,2027]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED2B3F804861A2DB9" bold="true" box="[189,282,1965,1991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C435381ED32CF80485A42DB9" authority="(Haliday, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[290,676,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED32CF80486DF2DB9" box="[290,479,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C435381ED3FEF804859A2DB9" author="Haliday" box="[496,666,1965,1991]" firstAuthor="Haliday" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="225 - 259" refId="ref24416" refString="Haliday A. H. 1834. Essay on the Classification of parasitic Hymenoptera, &amp; c. The Entomological Magazine 2 (3): 225 - 259." type="journal article" year="1834">Haliday, 1834</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (ANIC 32 130230) 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED1B6F80484CD2DB9" bold="true" box="[952,973,1965,1991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">A</emphasis>
. Habitus in lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED6F6F804820C2DB9" bold="true" box="[1272,1292,1965,1991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
. Habitus in dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C435381ED37EF87986852D94" bold="true" box="[368,389,2000,2026]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
. Fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC434381FD2B3FEA285A92BE5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FEA286562B5B" blockId="47.[189,342,267,293]" box="[189,342,267,293]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0B081E8C434381FD2B3FEA286562B5B" bold="true" box="[189,342,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FEA286562B5B" bold="true" box="[189,342,267,293]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FE9385A92BE5" blockId="47.[189,1398,314,411]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Cosmopolitan, see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD3ADFE9384132B2A" author="Fernandez-Triana" box="[419,787,314,340]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fernandez-Triana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 1089" refId="ref24050" refString="Fernandez-Triana J., Shaw M. R., Boudreault C., Beaudin M. &amp; Broad G. R. 2020. Annotated and illustrated world checklist of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). ZooKeys 920: 1 - 1089. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 920.39128" type="journal article" year="2020">
Fernández-Triana 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD073FE9285BB2B2A" box="[637,699,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
for global distribution. In 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD657FE9383C92B2A" box="[1113,1225,314,340]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
: NSW (record from 
<typeStatus id="54FC8826C434381FD2F3FEF7863B2B06" box="[253,315,350,376]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD36FFEF786EA2B09" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[353,490,349,376]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD36FFEF786EA2B09" box="[353,490,349,376]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD02CFEF785CD2B09" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[546,717,349,376]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD02CFEF785CD2B09" box="[546,717,349,376]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), WA, S. Aust, Qld (records from examined material), Tas (record from 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD356FE28859C2BE5" author="Austin &amp; Dangerfield" box="[344,668,385,411]" firstAuthor="Austin" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref23026" refString="Austin A. D. &amp; Dangerfield P. C. 1992. Synopsis of Australasian Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with a key to genera and description of new taxa. Invertebrate Systematics 6: 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9920001" type="journal article" year="1992">Austin &amp; Dangerfield 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC434381FD2B3FE6A83E0289C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FE6A87F82BA3" blockId="47.[189,248,451,477]" box="[189,248,451,477]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0B081E8C434381FD2B3FE6A87F82BA3" bold="true" box="[189,248,451,477]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FE6A87F82BA3" bold="true" box="[189,248,451,477]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Host</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FE5B83E0289C" blockId="47.[189,1399,498,738]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2B3FE5B86122872" box="[189,274,498,524]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FE5B86122872" box="[189,274,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Agrotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD347FE5B86C92873" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[329,457,498,525]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
). Record from original description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD18EFE5B83082872" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[896,1032,498,524]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD18EFE5B83082872" box="[896,1032,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD619FE5B83622872" authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[1047,1122,498,524]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Plusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD619FE5B83622872" box="[1047,1122,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Plusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD697FE5B821A2873" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[1177,1306,498,525]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
): record from specimens from original description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD0C3FDBF84782851" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[717,888,533,560]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD0C3FDBF84782851" box="[717,888,533,560]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD186FDBC87FA282A" authority="Walker, 1857" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Mythimna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convecta" subGenus="Pseudaletia">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD186FDBC84FF2851" box="[904,1023,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mythimna</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD61EFDBC839A2851" box="[1040,1178,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pseudaletia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD6A2FDBF82142851" box="[1196,1300,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">convecta</emphasis>
Walker, 1857
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD305FD908598282A" authority="(Hufnagel, 1766)" baseAuthorityName="Hufnagel" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[267,664,569,596]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ipsilon">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD305FD9086BB282D" box="[267,443,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Agrotis ipsilon</emphasis>
(Hufnagel, 1766)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD0A6FD908211282A" authority="(Hubner, 1808)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1808" box="[680,1297,569,596]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Helicoverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigera">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD0A6FD9084B1282D" box="[680,945,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Helicoverpa armigera</emphasis>
(Hübner, 1808) (Noctuidae)
</taxonomicName>
: records from examined material. Gregarious. Also known from a wide range of noctuid genera in 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD6D7FDF482452809" box="[1241,1349,605,631]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
and across the world, including the problematic quarantine pest 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD17BFD29822828E5" authority="(Smith, 1797)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1797" box="[885,1320,640,667]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Spodoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frugiperda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD17BFD29837F28E4" box="[885,1151,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Spodoptera frugiperda</emphasis>
(Smith, 1797)
</taxonomicName>
which has recently been identified to have arrived in 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD0E1FD0D845B28C0" box="[751,859,676,702]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD190FD0D839328C0" author="Shenefelt R. D." box="[926,1171,676,702]" editor="Van der Vecht J. &amp; Shenefelt R. D." journalOrPublisher="W. Junk N. V., The Hague" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="429 - 668" part="7" refId="ref25978" refString="Shenefelt R. D. 1972. Braconidae 4: Apanteles. In: Van der Vecht J. &amp; Shenefelt R. D. (eds) Hymenopteroeum Catalogus 7: 429 - 668. W. Junk N. V., The Hague." title="Braconidae 4: Apanteles" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Hymenopteroeum Catalogus" year="1972">Shenefelt 1972: 617</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD6ACFD0D827228C1" author="Nixon" box="[1186,1394,676,703]" firstAuthor="Nixon" page="495" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="453 - 524" refId="ref25196" refString="Nixon G. E. J. 1974. A revision of the north-western European species of the glomeratus - group of Apanteles Forster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 64: 453 - 524." type="journal article" year="1974">Nixon 1974: 495</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD2B3FD61852E289C" author="Austin &amp; Dangerfield" box="[189,558,712,738]" firstAuthor="Austin" page="22" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref23026" refString="Austin A. D. &amp; Dangerfield P. C. 1992. Synopsis of Australasian Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with a key to genera and description of new taxa. Invertebrate Systematics 6: 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9920001" type="journal article" year="1992">Austin &amp; Dangerfield 1992: 22</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD037FD618408289C" author="Gupta" box="[569,776,711,738]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gupta" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="193 - 196" refId="ref24337" refString="Gupta A., Babu S. R. &amp; Kumar M. S. 2019. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) emerging as a common natural parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Indian maize fields. Journal of Biological Control 33: 193 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.18311 / jbc / 2019 / 24118" type="journal article" year="2019">
Gupta 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD086FD6185C3289F" box="[648,707,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD11AFD6184B8289C" author="Yu D. &amp; van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K" box="[788,952,711,738]" journalOrPublisher="Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution, Taxapad, Vancouver, Canada" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref26724" refString="Yu D., van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. World Ichneumonoidea 2015. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution, Taxapad, Vancouver, Canada." title="World Ichneumonoidea 2015" type="book" year="2016">
Yu 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD135FD618476289F" box="[827,886,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
for a list of host genera).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D650FC434381FD2B3FCA386CC2CDA" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FCA3862F295A" blockId="47.[189,303,778,804]" box="[189,303,778,804]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0B081E8C434381FD2B3FCA3862F295A" bold="true" box="[189,303,778,804]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FCA3862F295A" bold="true" box="[189,303,778,804]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FC9086C42F5F" blockId="47.[189,1399,824,1314]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2B3FC908676292C" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[189,374,824,851]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FC908676292C" box="[189,374,824,851]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cotesia ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represents an interesting case, in which strains were introduced from 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD687FC9183EC292C" box="[1161,1260,824,850]" name="Pakistan" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD705FC918277292C" box="[1291,1399,824,850]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3507614C434381FD2E1FCF4868C2908" box="[239,396,860,887]" name="New Zealand" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD393FCF585862908" author="Cumber" box="[413,646,860,886]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cumber" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="255 - 258" refId="ref23662" refString="Cumber R. A., Allan D. J. &amp; Helmore L. 1977. Introduction and successful establishment in New Zealand of further strains of Apanteles ruficrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to combat Pseudaletia (Mythimna) separata (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 20 (2): 255 - 258. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288233.1977.10427331" type="journal article" year="1977">
Cumber 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD00BFCF485402908" box="[517,576,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
1977
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD09DFCF584372909" author="Michael" box="[659,823,860,887]" firstAuthor="Michael" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="363 - 373" refId="ref24833" refString="Michael P. J. 1985. Importation and establishment of natural enemies of Heliothis Australia (Lep.: Noctuidae). In: King E. G. &amp; Jackson E. (eds) Increasing the Effectiveness of Natural Enemies. Proceedings of the Workshop on Biological Control of Heliothis, 11 - 15 November 1985, New Delhi, India: 363 - 373. Far Eastern Regional Research Office, United States Department of Agriculture, New Delhi." type="book chapter" year="1985">Michael 1985</bibRefCitation>
) and possibly represent a different species to the native 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD301FC29851829E4" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[271,536,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD301FC29851829E4" box="[271,536,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Apanteles sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was synonymised with the (also) native 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD666FC29824E29E4" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[1128,1358,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD666FC29824E29E4" box="[1128,1358,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Apanteles antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD2B3FC0A869A29C3" author="Wilkinson D. S." box="[189,410,931,957]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="79 - 105" part="19" refId="ref26480" refString="Wilkinson D. S. 1928 a. A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I. Bulletin of Entomological Research 19: 79 - 105." title="A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part I" type="journal article" year="1928">Wilkinson (1928a)</bibRefCitation>
and then with 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD05CFC0D84B029C3" authority="(Wilkinson 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[594,944,931,958]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD05CFC0D85D129C3" box="[594,721,931,958]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD0EDFC0A84A629C3" author="Wilkinson D. S." box="[739,934,931,957]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="103" part="20" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1017/S000748530002099X" refId="ref26556" refString="Wilkinson D. S. 1929. New parasitic Hymenoptera and Notes on other Species. Bulletin of Entomological Research 20 (01): 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 000748530002099 X" title="New parasitic Hymenoptera and Notes on other Species" type="journal article" year="1929">Wilkinson 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Until specimens are found which are distinct from the introduced 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD000FC6E858C299F" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[526,652,967,993]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD000FC6E858C299F" box="[526,652,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at a molecular level and morphologically identical to the 
<typeStatus id="54FC8826C434381FD736FC6E8276299F" box="[1336,1398,967,993]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2D2FC4286862E7A" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[220,390,1002,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2D2FC4286862E7A" box="[220,390,1002,1029]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD3A3FC4285352E7A" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[429,565,1002,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antipoda">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD3A3FC4285352E7A" box="[429,565,1002,1029]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. antipoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we leave the synonymy with 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD199FC4283122E7B" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[919,1042,1003,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD199FC4283122E7B" box="[919,1042,1003,1029]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
intact, and assume the species to be cosmopolitan. We note that a similar situation occurred in the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD62DFBA783BD2E56" baseAuthorityName="Olliff" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1059,1213,1038,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonagriae">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD62DFBA783BD2E56" box="[1059,1213,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. nonagriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD6FAFBA7826F2E56" authorityName="Wilkinson" authorityYear="1928" box="[1268,1391,1038,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD6FAFBA7826F2E56" box="[1268,1391,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where the two species were erroneously synonymised based on morphology and later discovered to be distinct species based on molecular evidence and subtle morphological differences (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD6B7FBFC87FC2EED" author="Muirhead" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Muirhead" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="35 - 46" refId="ref25062" refString="Muirhead K., Austin A. &amp; Sallam M. 2008. The systematics and biology of Cotesia nonagriae (Olliff) stat. rev. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae), a newly recognized member of the Cotesia flavipes species complex. Zootaxa 1846: 35 - 46." type="journal article" year="2008">
Muirhead 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD736FBFF82772E11" box="[1336,1399,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
), thus excluding 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD3C6FBD085452EED" authorityName="Wilkinson" authorityYear="1928" box="[456,581,1145,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD3C6FBD085452EED" box="[456,581,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Australian fauna. Due the uncertainty surrounding whether this species is cosmopolitan, or consists of both introduced and native unrelated lineages, we do not redescribe the species and provide only a diagnosis that encompasses both the examined 
<typeStatus id="54FC8826C434381FD71AFB6882522EA5" box="[1300,1362,1217,1243]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2B3FB4D866A2E80" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[189,362,1252,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FB4D866A2E80" box="[189,362,1252,1278]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the sequenced specimens that are placed in a 
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD1DFFB4D83042E80" box="[977,1028,1252,1278]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">COI</emphasis>
tree with northern hemisphere 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2B3FAA1863A2F5F" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[189,314,1287,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FAA1863A2F5F" box="[189,314,1287,1314]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83684C434381FD2B3FAE386CC2CDA" blockId="47.[189,1399,1353,1700]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
In the key of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD36FFAE085052F1D" author="Nixon" box="[353,517,1353,1379]" firstAuthor="Nixon" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="453 - 524" refId="ref25196" refString="Nixon G. E. J. 1974. A revision of the north-western European species of the glomeratus - group of Apanteles Forster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 64: 453 - 524." type="journal article" year="1974">Nixon (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD01DFAE385922F1D" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[531,658,1353,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD01DFAE385922F1D" box="[531,658,1353,1380]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD1ACFAE3831E2F1D" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[930,1054,1353,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestalis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD1ACFAE3831E2F1D" box="[930,1054,1353,1380]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. vestalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the character of the third tergite having setae restricted more or less to a single row on the anterior half of the segment (as opposed to third tergite being covered all over with fine setae, except for small mid-basal area). In the Australian specimens, the presence of only a single row of setae in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD152FA1D84DA2FB0" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[860,986,1460,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD152FA1D84DA2FB0" box="[860,986,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is valid, but it is not always in the anterior half of the tergite (more often in the posterior half). Additionally, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B75C434381FD637FA7183D92F8C" author="Nixon" box="[1081,1241,1496,1522]" firstAuthor="Nixon" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="453 - 524" refId="ref25196" refString="Nixon G. E. J. 1974. A revision of the north-western European species of the glomeratus - group of Apanteles Forster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 64: 453 - 524." type="journal article" year="1974">Nixon (1974)</bibRefCitation>
notes that in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD2B3FA55863D2C6B" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[189,317,1531,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD2B3FA55863D2C6B" box="[189,317,1531,1558]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the scutellum has punctures, at least on anterior half, wide enough apart to leave smooth shiny interspaces fully equal to width of punctures, whist in 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD18CF9B684FD2C47" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[898,1021,1567,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestalis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD18CF9B684FD2C47" box="[898,1021,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. vestalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are no smooth interspaces anteriorly. In the specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD028F9EA85A02C22" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[550,672,1602,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestalis">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD028F9EA85A02C22" box="[550,672,1602,1629]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. vestalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined for this study, there was variability in this character and some specimens had sculpturing resembling that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C474D07C434381FD141F9CF84CD2CFE" baseAuthorityName="Wilkinson" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[847,973,1638,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficrus">
<emphasis id="B933EA96C434381FD141F9CF84CD2CFE" box="[847,973,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. ruficrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– hence this character is not used in the key presented here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>