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<document id="FABCF1215F7FD9036FBB583712DC23D9" ID-CLB-Dataset="77238" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5154.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="51708a96-c3e5-4455-a91b-edd125411445" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6671183" ID-ZooBank="847C3801-A683-4BBE-8A2E-93B8452E069F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1655279394853" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bass, Amber, Needham, Karen &amp; Bennett, Andrew M. R." docDate="2022" docId="03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5154.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5154 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Vespa simillima Smith 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="310" masterDocId="FFD7FFFFFFF78030FF950161FFC2191E" masterDocTitle="First record of Vespa crabro Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in western North America with a review of recorded species of Vespa Linnaeus in Canada" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="305" pageNumber="310" updateTime="1699339340631" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C769B19626DFC38CAC498D1E2E83022A">First record of Vespa crabro Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in western North America with a review of recorded species of Vespa Linnaeus in Canada</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4C725E338CDF1C33847B381F60EE83DF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CD473A27E9FD986EF27C79D5101655C7">Bass, Amber</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0B4868BE39750CB4E67CBE867ACDA1C7">Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="09C7471F22A0A928C58A23054514D124">Needham, Karen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="149291E26022A990C83219E1E691865F">Spencer Entomological Collection, Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V 6 T 1 Z 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="16F3232AAF517F20F1E1F45C05C70A2D">Bennett, Andrew M. R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BDECE338D52178F71B35D49A84FC2896">Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5C090F110D50D952A68D4C48F6230A9B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3E20D9694A6C57BB244A535F618528D1">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671230" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196077826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6671230" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<subSubSection id="C35D651AFFF28035FF020222FE651A43" box="[151,423,835,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF020222FE651A43" blockId="5.[151,423,835,897]" box="[151,423,835,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<heading id="D0B081FDFFF28035FF020222FE651A43" bold="true" box="[151,423,835,862]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FF020222FE651A43" ID-CoL="7FRBH" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,423,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF020222FE651A43" bold="true" box="[151,423,835,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF020222FE971A40" bold="true" box="[151,341,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Vespa simillima</emphasis>
Smith
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D651AFFF28035FF020206FB431DDB" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF020206FF1B1A9F" blockId="5.[151,423,835,897]" box="[151,217,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<figureCitation id="137C2A14FFF28035FF020206FF1B1A9F" box="[151,217,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1435,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vespa simillima specimen collected at Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia, Canada. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Anterior view of head. D. Fore wings. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pt = pterostigma. Dashed line in D is the prestigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6671197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF0202CEFB431DDB" blockId="5.[151,1437,943,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
The specimen identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FE4202D1FD481AD7" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[471,650,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FE4202D1FD481AD7" box="[471,650,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Vespa simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137C2A14FFF28035FD0802CEFD211AD7" box="[669,739,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1435,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vespa simillima specimen collected at Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia, Canada. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Anterior view of head. D. Fore wings. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pt = pterostigma. Dashed line in D is the prestigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6671197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) was re-confirmed morphologically using the key of Smith-Pardo
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF4A02B5FEDA1AF3" box="[223,280,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">et al.</emphasis>
(2020). Both primer pairs were successful in amplifying the COI gene, resulting in a 596 bp assembled sequence (GenBank Accession
<accessionNumber id="9414AB72FFF28035FE6B0296FDBF1D0F" box="[510,637,1015,1041]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OL702714" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">OL702714</accessionNumber>
). A GenBank BLAST found this sequence was 99.83% identical (one base pair different) to a
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FE3E057DFD9F1D2B" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[427,605,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FE3E057DFD9F1D2B" box="[427,605,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Vespa simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FC82057AFC671D28" box="[791,933,1051,1078]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(Accession
<accessionNumber id="9414AB72FFF28035FBA6057AFB761D2B" box="[1075,1204,1051,1077]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KY172037" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">KY172037</accessionNumber>
), with an E value of 0.0 and bit-score of 1096. Including the Canadian specimen, there are 28 sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FBEC0521FB3C1D47" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[1145,1278,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FBEC0521FB3C1D47" box="[1145,1278,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">V. simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the BOLD database from
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FED50502FE0C1D60" box="[320,462,1123,1150]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(16),
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FD800505FD971D60" box="[533,597,1124,1150]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Japan</collectingCountry>
(9),
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FD1B0502FD1F1D63" box="[654,733,1123,1149]" name="Russia" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Russia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4983F873FFF28035FD7C0502FC5B1D63" box="[745,921,1123,1149]" country="Russia" name="Primorskiy" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Primorsky Krai</collectingRegion>
(1) and one of unstated country (
<accessionNumber id="9414AB72FFF28035FA8C0502FA571D63" box="[1305,1429,1123,1149]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KF933080" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">KF933080</accessionNumber>
) published in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B60FFF28035FEB205E6FDCA1DBF" author="Perrard, A. &amp; Pickett, K. M. &amp; Villemant, C. &amp; Kojima, J. &amp; Carpenter, J." box="[295,520,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref7699" refString="Perrard, A., Pickett, K. M., Villemant, C., Kojima, J. &amp; Carpenter, J. (2013) Phylogeny of hornets: a total evidence approach (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae, Vespa). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 32, 1 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / JHR. 32.4685" type="journal article" year="2013">
Perrard
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FE1505E9FE751DBF" box="[384,439,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
that was collected in
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FD6C05E9FCFB1DBC" box="[761,825,1160,1186]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Perrard, pers. comm.). All sequences are grouped in a single BIN (ACB8610) with a maximum sequence divergence between species of 1.77%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D651AFFF28035FF5205AEFAC31C13" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF5205AEFAC31C13" blockId="5.[151,1437,943,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF5205AEFE6A1DF7" bold="true" box="[199,424,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CCCFFF28035FE2305AEFDCD1C13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3815670308" collectingDate="1977-08" collectionCode="RBCM" collectorName="A. Rumsby" country="Canada" location="Shawnigan Lake" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="British Columbia">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FE2305AEFDED1DF7" bold="true" box="[438,559,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FE2305AEFDED1DF7" box="[438,559,1231,1257]" name="Canada" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">CANADA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D41FD18FFF28035FDA805AEFDA41DF4" box="[573,614,1231,1258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="4983F873FFF28035FDE605AEFCF41DF7" box="[627,822,1231,1257]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E98604AFFF28035FCD505AEFC3F1DF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17:8E98604AFFF28035FCD505AEFC3F1DF7" box="[832,1021,1231,1257]" country="Canada" name="Shawnigan Lake" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="British Columbia">Shawnigan Lake</location>
,
<date id="FFF91051FFF28035FB9205AEFBAC1DF7" box="[1031,1134,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" value="1977-08">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9B9FFF28035FB9205AEFBAC1DF7" box="[1031,1134,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" value="1977-08">viii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected live,
<collectorName id="26B25347FFF28035FA8C05AEFA5A1DF7" box="[1305,1432,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">A. Rumsby</collectorName>
, ENT991-24452 (
<collectionCode id="ED56AE54FFF28035FEC30592FE681C13" box="[342,426,1267,1293]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gayt-20cg" name="Royal British Columbia Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="Museum">RBCM</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="137C2A14FFF28035FE540592FDC41C13" box="[449,518,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1435,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vespa simillima specimen collected at Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia, Canada. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Anterior view of head. D. Fore wings. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pt = pterostigma. Dashed line in D is the prestigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6671197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B2F3CCCFFF28035FD8E0592FB3F1C13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3815670309" box="[539,1277,1267,1294]" collectingDate="1983-08-25" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="M. Ito" country="Japan" location="Tomakomai" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FD8E0592FDB71C13" bold="true" box="[539,629,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FD8E0592FDB71C13" box="[539,629,1267,1293]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D41FD18FFF28035FD110592FD6C1C10" box="[644,686,1267,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="4983F873FFF28035FD290592FCEF1C13" box="[700,813,1267,1293]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E98604AFFF28035FCAD0592FC021C13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE8787FFF28035FF020222FD0F1F17:8E98604AFFF28035FCAD0592FC021C13" box="[824,960,1267,1293]" country="Japan" name="Tomakomai" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Tomakomai</location>
,
<date id="FFF91051FFF28035FC5E0592FB961C10" box="[971,1108,1267,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" value="1983-08-25">
<collectingDate id="EFBDE9B9FFF28035FC5E0592FB961C10" box="[971,1108,1267,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" value="1983-08-25">25.viii.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26B25347FFF28035FBF50595FB641C10" box="[1120,1190,1268,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">M. Ito</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED56AE54FFF28035FB230592FB371C13" box="[1206,1269,1267,1293]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D651AFFF28035FF520476FD901C4B" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF520476FD901C4B" blockId="5.[151,1437,943,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF520476FE9B1C2F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Distribution</emphasis>
: Southeast Asia including
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FD120479FD341C2C" box="[647,758,1304,1330]" name="Myanmar" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, parts of
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FCCB0476FC661C2F" box="[862,932,1303,1329]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">China</collectingCountry>
, eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FB930476FB911C2F" box="[1030,1107,1303,1329]" name="Russia" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FBCA0479FB641C2C" box="[1119,1190,1304,1330]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Korea</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FB740479FAE61C2C" box="[1249,1316,1304,1330]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Japan</collectingCountry>
, adventive in northwest Nearctic (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD64B60FFF28035FE02045AFD871C4B" author="Cannings, R. A." box="[407,581,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" pagination="91" refId="ref6691" refString="Cannings, R. A. (1989) An Asian Hornet, Vespa simillima xanthoptera (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in North America. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia, 86, 91. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 47087601 # page / 99 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1989">Cannings 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D651AFFF28035FF52043EFD0F1F17" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF83691FFF28035FF52043EFD0F1F17" blockId="5.[151,1437,943,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FF52043EFEF81C67" bold="true" box="[199,314,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FEDF0401FE391C67" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[330,507,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FEDF0401FE391C67" box="[330,507,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Vespa simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other
<taxonomicName id="4C474D12FFF28035FCE70401FBCF1C67" box="[882,1037,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B933EA83FFF28035FCE70401FC711C67" box="[882,947,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Vespa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
that have been recorded in
<collectingCountry id="F3507601FFF28035FADD043EFA5E1C67" box="[1352,1436,1375,1401]" name="Canada" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Canada</collectingCountry>
by a combination of the following characters: 1) length of gena less than 1.6× length of eye at midheight in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="137C2A14FFF28035FF4904C6FEF11CDF" box="[220,307,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1435,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vespa simillima specimen collected at Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia, Canada. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Anterior view of head. D. Fore wings. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pt = pterostigma. Dashed line in D is the prestigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6671197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
), 2) pretegular carina incomplete, not spanning the height of the pronotal lobe, 3) female clypeus with punctures medially shallow, separated by one puncture diameter or more (
<figureCitation id="137C2A14FFF28035FC4E04AAFBF71CFB" box="[987,1077,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1435,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vespa simillima specimen collected at Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia, Canada. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Anterior view of head. D. Fore wings. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pt = pterostigma. Dashed line in D is the prestigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6671197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="310">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
); 4) male metasomal sterna 67 with posterior margin deeply emarginate medially.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>