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<mods:title id="20CB92F581E21D41C4E1630494B7F3B4">Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6F9FE74FDA11590" blockId="21.[151,568,439,498]" box="[151,568,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E6F9FE74FDA11590" ID-CoL="3JB7D" authority="Hincks, 1861 b" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,568,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenellum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6F9FE74FDA11590" bold="true" box="[151,568,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6F9FE74FEE61590" bold="true" box="[151,383,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Halecium tenellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E7E8FE74FDA11590" author="Hincks, T." box="[390,568,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="251 - 262" refId="ref54019" refString="Hincks, T. (1861 b) A catalogue of the zoophytes of South Devon and South Cornwall. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 3, 8, 251 - 262." type="journal article" year="1861">Hincks, 1861b</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFCAF551E6F9FE19FF7F15B3" box="[151,230,474,498]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6F9FE19FF7F15B3" blockId="21.[151,568,439,498]" box="[151,230,474,498]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<figureCitation id="1309B4EDFFCAF551E6F9FE19FF7F15B3" box="[151,230,474,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,1417,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-478@20.[151,1436,1412,1896]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. a, Halecium calderi: part of hydrocaulus with hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1094, scale equals 0.25 mm. b, Halecium calderi: female gonotheca, ROMIZ B1094, scale equals 0.25 mm. c, Halecium calderi: male gonotheca, ROMIZ B1124, scale equals 0.20 mm. d, Halecium tenellum: a, part of hydrocaulus with hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1105, scale equals 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5264384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5264384/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 6d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6F9FDE1FC0C1679" blockId="21.[151,917,546,568]" box="[151,917,546,568]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFCAF551E6F9FDE1FDBF1679" author="Hincks, T." box="[151,550,546,568]" page="252" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E6F9FDE1FDBF1679" ID-CoL="3JB7D" authority="Hincks, 1861 b: 252" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,550,546,568]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenellum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6F9FDE1FECE1679" box="[151,343,546,568]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Halecium tenellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E733FDE1FDBF1679" author="Hincks, T." box="[349,550,546,568]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="251 - 262" refId="ref54019" refString="Hincks, T. (1861 b) A catalogue of the zoophytes of South Devon and South Cornwall. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 3, 8, 251 - 262." type="journal article" year="1861">Hincks, 1861b: 252</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 6, figs. 14.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFCAF551E48EFDE1FC091679" author="Jones, T." box="[736,912,546,568]" page="216" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E48EFDE1FC091679" author="Jones, T." box="[736,912,546,568]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref54656" refString="Jones, T. (2002) Biology and ecology of athecate hydroids in Biscayne Bay, Florida: potential use as bioindicators. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Miami, Coral Gables, 287 pp." type="book" year="2002">Jones, 2002: 216</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6F9FDA6FCB2163C" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" box="[151,811,613,638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<materialsCitation id="3B5AA235FFCAF551E6F9FDA6FCBE163C" box="[151,807,613,638]" country="United Kingdom" location="Salcombe Bay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Devon" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6F9FDA6FEAC163F" bold="true" box="[151,309,613,638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="548916CAFFCAF551E6F9FDA6FF4B163C" box="[151,210,613,637]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E752FDA5FEF0163C" box="[316,361,614,637]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">UK</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFCAF551E71DFDA5FE59163C" box="[371,448,614,637]" country="United Kingdom" name="Devon" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Devon</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EEDFEB3FFCAF551E7A2FDA6FDF7163F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B197EFFCAF551E6F9FE74FAA81144:8EEDFEB3FFCAF551E7A2FDA6FDF7163F" box="[460,622,613,638]" country="United Kingdom" name="Salcombe Bay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Devon">Salcombe Bay</location>
(Hincks 1961b)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6A9FD4AFAD91684" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6A9FD4AFE3816E3" bold="true" box="[199,417,649,674]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Voucher material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5AA235FFCAF551E7C4FD4AFEB81684" collectingDate="1977-04-15" collectionCode="A" elevation="80" latitude="27.546667" location="Jeff's Reef" longLatPrecision="123" longitude="-79.98" municipality="Fort Pierce" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8EEDFEB3FFCAF551E7C4FD4AFDBF16E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B197EFFCAF551E6F9FE74FAA81144:8EEDFEB3FFCAF551E7C4FD4AFDBF16E0" box="[426,550,649,673]" latitude="27.546667" longLatPrecision="123" longitude="-79.98" municipality="Fort Pierce" name="Jeff's Reef" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Jeffs Reef</location>
off
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE93212FFCAF551E437FD49FD4216E0" box="[601,731,649,673]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fort Pierce</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE06CEAFFFCAF551E486FD4AFCF816E0" box="[744,865,649,673]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="92" value="27.546667">27°32.8N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE06CEAFFFCAF551E500FD4AFC7316E0" box="[878,1002,649,673]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="92" value="-79.98">79°58.8W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CCA058DFFCAF551E596FD4AFBAF16E0" box="[1016,1078,649,673]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="80.0">
<elevation id="001F4F5BFFCAF551E596FD4AFBAF16E0" box="[1016,1078,649,673]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF8C8EA8FFCAF551E22AFD4AFB2516E0" box="[1092,1212,649,673]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1977-04-15">
<collectingDate id="EFC87740FFCAF551E22AFD4AFB2516E0" box="[1092,1212,649,673]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1977-04-15">15.iv.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E2A5FD4AFA0C16E0" box="[1227,1429,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Johnson-Sea-Link</emphasis>
, JSL 2184-
<collectionCode id="ED2330ADFFCAF551E762FD6EFEB81684" box="[268,289,685,709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B5AA235FFCAF551E743FD6EFAA51684" box="[301,1340,685,709]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="F. Stanton" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="B1105" specimenCount="1">
diver lockout, one colony,
<quantity id="4CCA058DFFCAF551E439FD6EFD3A1684" box="[599,675,685,709]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.3">1.3 cm</quantity>
high, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="26C7CDBEFFCAF551E27EFD6DFB1A1684" box="[1040,1155,685,709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. Stanton</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2330ADFFCAF551E2E0FD6EFB711684" box="[1166,1256,685,709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DB940013FFCAF551E281FD6EFAA51684" box="[1263,1340,685,709]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">B1105</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFCAF551E6A9FD12FAA81144" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6A9FD12FEAD16A8" bold="true" box="[199,308,721,745]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks</emphasis>
. The morphology of the hydroid examined here approaches accounts of
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E2F0FD12FECA174C" authority="Coughtrey, 1876" authorityName="Coughtrey" authorityYear="1876" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="delicatulum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E2F0FD12FA0216A8" box="[1182,1435,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Halecium delicatulum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E6F9FD36FECA174C" author="Coughtrey, M." box="[151,339,757,781]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="22 - 32" refId="ref51037" refString="Coughtrey, M. (1876) Critical notes on the New Zealand Hydroida, suborder Thecaphora. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 4, 17, 22 - 32. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608681891" type="journal article" year="1876">Coughtrey, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="548916CAFFCAF551E70DFD36FE0C174C" box="[355,405,757,781]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
locality: Upper Harbour, Dunedin,
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E542FD35FC5F174C" box="[812,966,757,781]" name="New Zealand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E269FD35FA05174C" authority="Weismann, 1883" authorityName="Weismann" authorityYear="1883" box="[1031,1436,757,781]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mediterraneum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E269FD35FB4F174C" box="[1031,1238,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. mediterraneum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E2B1FD36FA05174C" author="Weismann, A." box="[1247,1436,757,781]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref61935" refString="Weismann, A. (1883) Die Entstehung der Sexualzellen bei den Hydromedusen. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Baues und der Lebenserscheinungen dieser Gruppe. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 295 pp." type="book" year="1883">Weismann, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="548916CAFFCAF551E6F0FCDAFF491770" box="[158,208,793,817]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
locality: Naples,
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E7F8FCDAFE521770" box="[406,459,793,817]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Italy</collectingCountry>
) in having typically long primary hydrophores. However, no pseudodiaphragm such as that often reported in both of those species (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E4A8FCFEFCEE1714" author="Schuchert, P." box="[710,887,829,853]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="607 - 639" refId="ref59486" refString="Schuchert, P. (2005) Taxonomic revision and systematic notes on some Halecium species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Journal of Natural History, 39, 607 - 639. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930400001319" type="journal article" year="2005">Schuchert 2005</bibRefCitation>
) was present in hydrophores of the colony from Florida. It was also small (
<quantity id="4CCA058DFFCAF551E7BAFCA2FDBD1738" box="[468,548,865,889]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.3">1.3 cm</quantity>
high) and its hydrocaulus monosiphonic except at the base, as is typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E6F9FC46FD8117DC" authority="Hincks, 1861 b" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,536,901,925]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenellum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6F9FC46FEF217DC" box="[151,363,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Halecium tenellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E71CFC46FD8117DC" author="Hincks, T." box="[370,536,901,925]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="251 - 262" refId="ref54019" refString="Hincks, T. (1861 b) A catalogue of the zoophytes of South Devon and South Cornwall. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 3, 8, 251 - 262." type="journal article" year="1861">Hincks, 1861b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6A9FC69FE241010" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
In the western North Atlantic,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E44EFC69FD211780" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[544,696,937,961]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref52677" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser (1944)</bibRefCitation>
included distribution records of
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E244FC6AFB661780" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1861" box="[1066,1279,937,961]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenellum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E244FC6AFB661780" box="[1066,1279,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Halecium tenellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Hudson Strait to the Caribbean Sea. At least some reports of the species from high latitudes have been based on misidentifications (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E71CFC32FD831048" author="Hamond, R." box="[370,538,1009,1033]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="294 - 324" refId="ref53668" refString="Hamond, R. (1957) Notes on the Hydrozoa of the Norfolk coast. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 43, 294 - 324. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1957. tb 01555. x" type="journal article" year="1957">Hamond 1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E444FC32FD441048" author="Cornelius, P. F. S." box="[554,733,1009,1033]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="375 - 426" refId="ref50859" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1975) A revision of the species of Lafoeidae and Haleciidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 28, 375 - 426." type="journal article" year="1975">Cornelius 1975</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E482FC32FC101048" author="Calder, D. R." box="[748,905,1009,1033]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref49456" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991 a) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E5F7FC32FBC91048" author="Schuchert, P." box="[921,1104,1009,1033]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="607 - 639" refId="ref59486" refString="Schuchert, P. (2005) Taxonomic revision and systematic notes on some Halecium species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Journal of Natural History, 39, 607 - 639. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930400001319" type="journal article" year="2005">Schuchert 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The species is more likely restricted to temperate and tropical waters. An extensive list of literature pertaining to
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFCAF551E219FBD5FB62106C" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1861" box="[1143,1275,1045,1069]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenellum">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E219FBD5FB62106C" box="[1143,1275,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. tenellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E6F9FBFAFE201010" author="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[151,441,1081,1105]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref56483" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 330, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel &amp; Vervoort (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6A9FB9EFBA81034" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" box="[199,1073,1117,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E6A9FB9EFE4B1037" bold="true" box="[199,466,1117,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Reported distribution.</emphasis>
Atlantic coast of
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFCAF551E4F7FB9EFD771034" box="[665,750,1117,1141]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Florida</collectingRegion>
. Biscayne
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFCAF551E508FB9DFC0A1037" box="[870,915,1118,1142]" country="Cayman Islands" name="West Bay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bay</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E5CCFB9EFBBF1034" author="Jones, T." box="[930,1062,1117,1141]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref54656" refString="Jones, T. (2002) Biology and ecology of athecate hydroids in Biscayne Bay, Florida: potential use as bioindicators. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Miami, Coral Gables, 287 pp." type="book" year="2002">Jones 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6ABFB41FF4610A0" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Western Atlantic. Possibly from southern New
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E4B6FB42FCAC10D8" box="[728,821,1153,1177]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">England</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E52AFB42FC5410D8" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[836,973,1153,1177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref52677" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser 1944</bibRefCitation>
) to
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E594FB42FBF010D8" box="[1018,1129,1153,1177]" name="Argentina" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Oliveira
<emphasis id="B946747AFFCAF551E2B3FB41FA9610D8" box="[1245,1295,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. submitted), including
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFCAF551E764FB66FEE910FC" box="[266,368,1189,1213]" name="Bermuda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E7ECFB66FDB910FC" author="Calder, D. R." box="[386,544,1189,1213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref49456" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991 a) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991a</bibRefCitation>
), the Gulf of Mexico (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E547FB66FBB710FC" author="Calder, D. R. &amp; Cairns, S. D." box="[809,1070,1189,1213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref49991" refString="Calder, D. R. &amp; Cairns, S. D. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. &amp; Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas A &amp; M University Press, College Station, pp. 381 - 394." type="book" year="2009">Calder &amp; Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
), and the Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E337FB66FF4D10A0" author="Galea, H. R." pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref52903" refString="Galea, H. R. (2010) Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 2570, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2010">Galea 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFCAF551E6ABFB2EFAA81144" blockId="21.[151,1436,613,1285]" box="[197,1329,1261,1285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Elsewhere. Considered a cosmopolitan species by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFCAF551E494FB2EFB821144" author="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[762,1051,1261,1285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref56483" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 330, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel &amp; Vervoort (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, but see Remarks above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>