treatments-xml/data/78/1D/87/781D8786FFDEFFAEB8A1C3320D4F1354.xml

<document id="60C22954A98E9B1391B61048CC2BB439" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.644.3.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214706" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1722597523976" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Arias, Ruth, Espinosa-Ortega, Nelson, Revilla, Italo, Ansaloni, Raffaella &amp; Tomasello, Salvatore" docDate="2024" docId="781D8786FFDEFFAEB8A1C3320D4F1354" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.644.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 644 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.644.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Gynoxys revolutifolia R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="217" masterDocId="8424FFFEFFDFFFA9B829C54609031254" masterDocTitle="Gynoxys revolutifolia (Senecioneae, Asteraceae): A new species from southern Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="219" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="212" updateTime="1724614010276" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="26AB5785AB2F263BC4C982CBDF30271A">Gynoxys revolutifolia (Senecioneae, Asteraceae): A new species from southern Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1A87412AC46C9D56FF95E27914FEC216">Arias, Ruth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="672EC4285B99A0E1372A5F5B0B84423A">Espinosa-Ortega, Nelson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C023334D90C6509E462D6A5A452B9E76" type="email">njespinosa1@utpl.edu.ec</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9A10F3FDAFF1194356400D1D52129D8E">Revilla, Italo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30D7BD1FD1D28590498DDB352F07E931" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5596-1234</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7BAABAF76ED892C564A713478C53B79C">Instituto Científico Michael Owen Dillon, Arequipa, Perú &amp; Herbario Sur Peruano (HSP), Arequipa, Perú</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D96F598CF0DF9DB8ABA9944D1A9A6DC1" type="email">italorevilla@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6006B836DF17B524C801DA80B721EB5E">Ansaloni, Raffaella</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="42C2D64F78B373E1796B45264F486084" type="email">ransaloni@uazuay.edu.ec</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F3CCC156EAEC306D6FD5D77603CB4FC7">Tomasello, Salvatore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="247D5D2A0800D86F0D2935F4DD0B233D">Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Georg-August University of Gottingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Goettingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3D94081F18F62588E03370996022A846" type="email">salvatore.tomasello@uni-goettingen.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="062670CBAD48A61B419B4C679EFA97C1">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="43E93D0C2519BD5DC1946389A2CD3A03">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDEFFA8B8A1C3320AFE14DA" box="[136,1021,1652,1679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDEFFA8B8A1C3320AFE14DA" blockId="1.[136,1021,1652,1679]" box="[136,1021,1652,1679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">
<heading id="AB4381FCFFDEFFA8B8A1C3320AFE14DA" box="[136,1021,1652,1679]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDEFFA8B8A1C3320A2314DA" ID-CoL="CDCZL" authority="R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla" authorityName="R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla" box="[136,800,1652,1679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDEFFA8B8A1C332088214DB" bold="true" box="[136,385,1652,1679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D9F357F9FFDEFFA8BB07C3330A8014DA" box="[814,899,1653,1678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDEFFA8BBB8C3320ADB14DA" box="[913,984,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,188,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-25@2.[190,1397,187,1845]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate of Gynoxys revolutifolia R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla A. Flowering branch. B. Leaf: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). C. Synflorescence. D. Capitulum, front view. E. Capitulum, cross-section. F. Calycle. G. Bracteoles: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). H. Outer phyllaries: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). I. Inner phyllaries: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). J. Ray floret (pappus removed). K. Ray floret style. L. Disc floret (pappus removed). M. Disc floret style. N. Anther. O. Achene (immature). P. Pappus bristles. Photos and preparation by N. Espinosa-Ortega based on the isotype (QCA249764)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214708/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Figs 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDEFFA8BBCFC3320AF714DA" box="[998,1012,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,234,1628]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[169,1419,190,1639]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gynoxys revolutifolia. A. Habit, shrub in shrubby páramo, Cerro Toledo-Loja/Zamora Chinchipe border. (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 310). B. Habit, treelet in elfin forest, Yangana-Cerro Toledo road, Loja (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 311). Photos by N. Espinosa-Ortega." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214714/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">3</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDEFFA8B8A1C3F90B511516" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDEFFA8B8A1C3F90B511516" blockId="1.[136,1452,1727,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDEFFA8B8A1C3F909F01481" bold="true" box="[136,243,1727,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—The new species differs from all other congeners by having coriaceous leaves with strongly revolute margins (giving it a concave shape) and conspicuous primary and secondary veins (8–12 pairs) on both leaf surfaces, simple and T-shaped trichomes covering the abaxial side of the leaves, involucre with 8 phyllaries with ferruginous unicellular trichomes, 4–5 ray florets with limbs 
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long and 8–9(–12) disc florets.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDEFFA8B8A1C21609C11531" bold="true" box="[136,194,1872,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Type:</emphasis>
— 
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<collectingCountry id="88A37600FFDEFFA8B8F2C216082F1532" box="[219,300,1872,1894]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. Límite provincial Loja/ 
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDEFFA8BA34C2160BD71532" box="[541,724,1872,1894]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
: sector 
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, junto a la vía nueva Loja/Zamora, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDEFFA8BCE2C2160C331532" box="[1227,1328,1872,1894]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-3.9913888">3°59’29”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDEFFA8BD10C2160CAB1531" box="[1337,1448,1872,1893]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-79.14444">79°8’40”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
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<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDEFFA8B894C232080B15DD" box="[189,264,1908,1929]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
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, 
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<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDEFFA8B93BC23208C215DD" box="[274,449,1908,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" value="2023-09-08">8 September 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDEFFA8B9D8C2320A6915DD" box="[497,874,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">
<collectorName id="5D415346FFDEFFA8B9D8C2320B6215DD" box="[497,609,1908,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">R. Ansaloni</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="5D415346FFDEFFA8BAA9C2320A4315DD" box="[640,832,1908,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">N. Espinosa-Ortega</collectorName>
280
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFDEFFA8BB5FC2320ACF15DE" box="[886,972,1908,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDEFFA8BBFBC2320D1615DD" box="[978,1045,1908,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212">LOJA</collectionCode>
!;
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<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDEFFA8BC08C2320C5015DD" box="[1057,1363,1908,1930]" collectingDate="2023-09-08" collectionCode="HA, HUTPL, QCA" collectorName="R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega" country="Ecuador" elevation="2800" latitude="-3.9913888" location="El Tiro" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.14444" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFDEFFA8BC08C2320D7315DE" box="[1057,1136,1908,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
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!, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDEFFA8BC85C2320C0215DD" box="[1196,1281,1908,1929]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="1" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
!, 
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!)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A4CB6618FFDDFFABB8A1C21608A41A4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214708/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="213" startId="2.[136,229,1872,1894]" targetBox="[193,1395,188,1841]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDDFFABB8A1C21608A41A4E" blockId="2.[136,1453,1872,2074]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABB8A1C21609FC1531" bold="true" box="[136,255,1872,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Lankester Composite Dissection Plate of 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDDFFABBAB3C2170C5E1532" authority="R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla A. Flowering" box="[666,1373,1872,1894]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBAB3C2170A691531" box="[666,874,1872,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
R. Arias, Espinosa-Ortega &amp; Revilla 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBCF5C2160DF01531" bold="true" box="[1244,1267,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">A.</emphasis>
Flowering
</taxonomicName>
branch. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABB8A1C233099D15DE" bold="true" box="[136,158,1909,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">B.</emphasis>
Leaf: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBA82C2320BC115DE" bold="true" box="[683,706,1908,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">C.</emphasis>
Synflorescence. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBB47C2330A8615DE" bold="true" box="[878,901,1909,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">D.</emphasis>
Capitulum, front view. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBC51C2330D8D15DE" bold="true" box="[1144,1166,1909,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">E.</emphasis>
Capitulum, cross-section. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBDB0C2330CA815DE" bold="true" box="[1433,1451,1909,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">F.</emphasis>
Calycle. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABB8F7C2DE09F515FA" bold="true" box="[222,246,1944,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">G.</emphasis>
Bracteoles: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBB0BC2DF0A3815FA" bold="true" box="[802,827,1945,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">H.</emphasis>
Outer phyllaries: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBDB5C2DF0CA815FA" bold="true" box="[1436,1451,1945,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">I.</emphasis>
Inner phyllaries: abaxial surface (left), adaxial surface (right). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBAF6C2FB0BF21586" bold="true" box="[735,753,1981,2002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">J.</emphasis>
Ray floret (pappus removed). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBC31C2FB0D321586" bold="true" box="[1048,1073,1981,2002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">K.</emphasis>
Ray floret style. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBCFEC2FB0DEE1586" bold="true" box="[1239,1261,1981,2002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">L.</emphasis>
Disc floret (pappus removed). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABB8C6C2A7080F15A2" bold="true" box="[239,268,2017,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">M.</emphasis>
Disc floret style. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABB99CC2A708CE15A2" bold="true" box="[437,461,2017,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">N.</emphasis>
Anther. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBA34C2A60B3515A2" bold="true" box="[541,566,2016,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">O.</emphasis>
Achene (immature). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDDFFABBB29C2A70A1115A2" bold="true" box="[768,786,2017,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="213">P.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDDFFABBB31C2A70A5E15A2" box="[792,861,2017,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pappus</taxonomicName>
bristles. Photos and preparation by N. Espinosa-Ortega based on the isotype (QCA249764).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A4CB6618FFDCFFAAB8A1C7C009D210EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214712/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" startId="3.[136,229,646,668]" targetBox="[147,1440,196,615]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB8A1C7C009D210EB" blockId="3.[136,1452,646,703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB8A1C7C009FD10CF" bold="true" box="[136,254,646,668]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Trichome types in 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDCFFAAB993C7C00B8A10CF" box="[442,649,646,667]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB993C7C00B8A10CF" box="[442,649,646,667]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Simple (left), T-shaped (right). Photos by S. Tomasello. Prepared by N. EspinosaOrtega.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDCFFAAB8A1C7A80C6A1738" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB8A1C7A80C6A1738" blockId="3.[136,1452,750,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB8A1C7A8081F115C" bold="true" box="[136,284,750,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Description:</emphasis>
—Shrubs or treelets ca. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABA0CC7A80B96115D" box="[549,661,750,777]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 m</quantity>
tall. Stems oppositely branched, with fissured bark, covered by simple, contorted, ferruginous trichomes, underlaid with T-shape trichomes. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABBAFC6550AD71178" box="[902,980,787,812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite, simple, petioles (0.7–)0.9–1.3(– 1.7) cm long; lamina oblong to ovate, 4–7.2(–8.6) × (0.8–)1.4–2.9(–3.7) cm, base rounded to oblique (rarely slightly cordate), apex obtuse to acute, margin revolute, coriaceous, adaxially glabrous except for the mid vein covered by adpressed trichomes, abaxially densely covered by simple and contorted ferruginous trichomes underlaid with short T-shaped adpressed trichomes (
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDCFFAAB9CCC6E40B2411E8" box="[485,551,930,956]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,234,1628]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[169,1419,190,1639]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gynoxys revolutifolia. A. Habit, shrub in shrubby páramo, Cerro Toledo-Loja/Zamora Chinchipe border. (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 310). B. Habit, treelet in elfin forest, Yangana-Cerro Toledo road, Loja (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 311). Photos by N. Espinosa-Ortega." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214714/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); venation pinnate, with 8–12 pairs of secondary veins on each side, conspicuous on both lamina sides. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB951C6800B1C11B4" box="[376,543,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Synflorescence</emphasis>
corymbiform, erect and terminal. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABBB3C6800AFF11B4" box="[922,1020,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Capitula</emphasis>
heterogamous, radiate, 10–12 × 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABD4CC68009B41651" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="20.0">20–26 mm</quantity>
; pedicels (0.56–)0.7–1.37(–1.5) cm long, with 3–5 triangular bracteoles ca. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABC00C6AC0DB01651" box="[1065,1203,1002,1029]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.6 mm</quantity>
long, densely yellow lanate. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB8F0C1480840167C" box="[217,323,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Involucre</emphasis>
cylindric, with a calycle of few bracts ca. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABB37C1480A93167D" box="[798,912,1038,1065]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
long, densely ferruginous tomentose; phyllaries 8, uniseriate, herbaceous, the outer phyllaries lanceolate, (4.5–)5–6(–6.7) × 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABBE7C1740D131619" box="[974,1040,1074,1101]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, ferruginous tomentose, apex obtuse, the inner phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, 5–6 × 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABAA7C1100BD11625" box="[654,722,1110,1137]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, the dorsal ridge ferruginous tomentose, margins glabrous, apex obtuse. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB8CBC13D085D16C0" box="[226,350,1146,1172]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Ray florets</emphasis>
pistillate, 4–5, with staminodes; corolla yellow, glabrous, tube 4–5(–6) mm long; limb oblongelliptic, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB8CFC1D8086216ED" box="[230,353,1182,1209]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 mm</quantity>
× 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB9AAC1D808E616ED" box="[387,485,1182,1209]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
, 4-nerved, apex tridentate; style 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABB76C1D80AEA16ED" box="[863,1001,1182,1209]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="7.35" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="7.2">7.2–7.5 mm</quantity>
long, style branches 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABCC9C1D80C6A16ED" box="[1248,1385,1182,1209]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, triangular, with small and few hairs on the tip and lateral sides. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABB7DC1850AD51688" box="[852,982,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Disc florets</emphasis>
hermaphrodite, 8–9(–12); corolla yellow, (5.6–)6.5–7(–7.5) mm long, glabrous, tube 3–3.5(–4) mm long, with 5 lobes, 2-nerved, 2–3 × 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABC9CC1A00C4D1755" box="[1205,1358,1254,1281]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="0.675" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.7 mm</quantity>
; anthers ca. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB89BC04C08091771" box="[178,266,1290,1317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
long, apical appendage lanceolate 0.60–0.65 × 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABB1AC04C0AD81771" box="[819,987,1290,1317]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.15">0.15–0.20 mm</quantity>
, anther collar cylindrical, base sagittate; style 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB8EAC068084A171D" box="[195,329,1326,1353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="9.4" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="9.3">9.3–9.5 mm</quantity>
long, style branches 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABA1AC0680BBA171D" box="[563,697,1326,1353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.5 mm</quantity>
long, triangular, with long and few hairs on the tip and lateral sides. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB8A1C01409D91738" box="[136,218,1362,1388]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Achene</emphasis>
glabrous, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB979C01408AE1739" box="[336,429,1362,1389]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long (immature), 5-ribbed. 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDCFFAABACCC0150A3A1738" box="[741,825,1363,1388]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABACCC0150A3A1738" box="[741,825,1363,1388]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Pappus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stramineous, barbellate, yellowish, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAABCE4C0140C291739" box="[1229,1322,1362,1389]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDCFFAAB894C0300DE817C4" box="[189,1259,1398,1425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB894C0300DE817C4" blockId="3.[136,1452,750,1892]" box="[189,1259,1398,1425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB894C030084B17C4" bold="true" box="[189,328,1398,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet of the new species refers to the strong revolute leaf margins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDCFFAAB894C0DC088E14D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB894C0DC088E14D8" blockId="3.[136,1452,750,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB894C0DC08EE17E0" bold="true" box="[189,493,1434,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
—All known populations are found in the shrubby páramo and elfin forest, between elevations of 2800 and 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDCFFAAB9BBC0F808EB178D" box="[402,488,1470,1497]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDCFFAAB9D1C0F80B3D178C" box="[504,574,1470,1496]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,234,1628]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[169,1419,190,1639]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gynoxys revolutifolia. A. Habit, shrub in shrubby páramo, Cerro Toledo-Loja/Zamora Chinchipe border. (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 310). B. Habit, treelet in elfin forest, Yangana-Cerro Toledo road, Loja (R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 311). Photos by N. Espinosa-Ortega." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214714/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The species is distributed in the Ecuadorian provinces of 
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDCFFAABCF6C0F80C11178C" box="[1247,1298,1470,1496]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Loja</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDCFFAABD62C0F909F817A8" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
in three localities: El Tiro, Cajanuma, and Cerro Toledo (
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDCFFAABBA8C0A40AC517A8" box="[897,966,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1786,1808]" captionTargetBox="[250,1334,210,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[233,1353,190,1762]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Gynoxys revolutifolia in Loja and Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Prepared by G. Lucero." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214716/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). These localities are in the Cordillera Real Oriental, within the Podocarpus National Park territory. This zone is known for its high biodiversity and endemics (
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDCFFAAB8B9C36C08C51411" author="Lozano, P. &amp; Bussmann, R." box="[144,454,1578,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" pagination="195 - 202" refId="ref5315" refString="Lozano, P. &amp; Bussmann, R. (2005) Importancia de los deslizamientos en el Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Loja, Ecuador. Revista Peruana de Biologia 12 (2): 195 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 12 i 2.2393" type="journal article" year="2005">Lozano &amp; Bussmann 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Particularly, the mountain pass “El Tiro” is covered by shrubby vegetation exposed to high-speed winds, with an average temperature of 7–13 °C (
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDCFFAABB00C3080AC5143C" author="Keating, P. L." box="[809,966,1614,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" refId="ref5159" refString="Keating, P. L. (2000) Chronically Disturbed Paramo at a Site in Southern Ecuador. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 127 (2): 162. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3088693" type="journal volume" year="2000">Keating 2000</bibRefCitation>
), high precipitation, and nutrient-poor soils (
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDCFFAAB8A6C334088214D8" author="Gradstein, S. R. &amp; Kessler, M. &amp; Lehnert, M. &amp; Abyi, M. &amp; Homeier, J &amp; Mandl, N. &amp; Makeschin, F. &amp; Richter, M." box="[143,385,1650,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref4822" refString="Gradstein, S. R., Kessler, M., Lehnert, M., Abyi, M., Homeier, J, Mandl, N., Makeschin, F. &amp; Richter, M. (2008) Vegetation, climate, and soil of the unique Purdiaea forest of southern Ecuador. ECOTROPICA 14: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="2008">
Gradstein 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB92CC335083D14D8" box="[261,318,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDCFFAAB894C3D00DBE14E4" box="[189,1213,1686,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB894C3D00DBE14E4" blockId="3.[136,1452,750,1892]" box="[189,1213,1686,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB894C3D0084014E4" bold="true" box="[189,323,1686,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Specimens in bloom have been collected between September and November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDCFFAAB894C3FC08FB1530" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDCFFAAB894C3FC08FB1530" blockId="3.[136,1452,750,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAAB894C3FC08D21480" bold="true" box="[189,465,1722,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Chemical composition:</emphasis>
—The distilled leaf essential oil from samples collected at El Tiro (
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABCFBC3FD0CA81480" box="[1234,1451,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">N. Cumbicus 1986,</emphasis>
HUTPL-14664) were previously analyzed by 
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDCFFAABAA1C3980A9514AC" author="Maldonado, Y. E. &amp; Malagon, O. &amp; Cumbicus, N. &amp; Gilardoni G. A." box="[648,918,1758,1784]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" refId="ref5402" refString="Maldonado, Y. E., Malagon, O., Cumbicus, N. &amp; Gilardoni G. A. (2023) New Essential Oil from the Leaves of Gynoxys rugulosa Muschl. (Asteraceae) Growing in Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses. Plants 12 (4): e 849. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / plants 12040849" type="journal volume" year="2023">
Maldonado 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABB27C3990A4514AC" box="[782,838,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">et al.</emphasis>
(2023)
</bibRefCitation>
using GC-MS &amp; GC-FID techniques, reporting a low yield (0.02% ± 0.004% dry weight); the main components were: α-pinene (5.3–6.0%), germacrene D (4.9– 6.5%), α-cadinol (3.8–4.4%), α-humulene (3.0–3.2%), (
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDCFFAABB2BC2610A101514" box="[770,787,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">E</emphasis>
)-β-caryophyllene (2.4–2.8%), δ-cadinene (2.2–2.3%), and caryophyllene oxide (1.6–2.2%).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A4CB6618FFDBFFADB8A1C3390868148A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214714" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214714/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" startId="4.[136,229,1663,1685]" targetBox="[182,1408,234,1628]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDBFFADB8A1C3390868148A" blockId="4.[136,1453,1663,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADB8A1C33909FD14C1" bold="true" box="[136,254,1663,1685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADB92CC3C608D814C1" box="[261,475,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDBFFADB92CC3C608D414C1" box="[261,471,1664,1685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">Gynoxys revolutifolia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADB9C8C3C608FB14C1" bold="true" box="[481,504,1664,1685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">A.</emphasis>
Habit, shrub in shrubby páramo, Cerro Toledo-Loja/Zamora Chinchipe border. (
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADBD2CC3C6085514ED" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 310</emphasis>
). 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADB940C3E2088314ED" bold="true" box="[361,384,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">B.</emphasis>
Habit, treelet in elfin forest, Yangana-Cerro Toledo road, Loja (
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADBBCBC3E20C5514ED" box="[994,1366,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 311</emphasis>
). Photos by N. Espinosa-Ortega.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDBFFADB894C24A0BCB15C6" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDBFFADB894C24A0BCB15C6" blockId="4.[136,1452,1804,1938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADB894C24A08B01572" bold="true" box="[189,435,1804,1830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Based on the very limited EOO (
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDBFFADBB11C24A0AB1157D" box="[824,946,1804,1833]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0163" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" unit="km" value="201.63">201.63 km</quantity>
²) and AOO (
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDBFFADBC69C24A0D8A157D" box="[1088,1161,1804,1833]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
²) (B1+B2), the confirmed occurrence in only three localities so far (
<figureCitation id="688F2A15FFDBFFADBA4AC2760BA4151E" box="[611,679,1840,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1786,1808]" captionTargetBox="[250,1334,210,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[233,1353,190,1762]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Gynoxys revolutifolia in Loja and Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Prepared by G. Lucero." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214716/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) (B1+B2a) and the continuing and fast decline of south Ecuadorian forest and páramo (
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDBFFADB940C2120BBD153A" author="Carrion-Paladines, V. &amp; Benitez, A. &amp; Garcia-Ruiz, R." box="[361,702,1876,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" refId="ref4438" refString="Carrion-Paladines, V., Benitez, A. &amp; Garcia-Ruiz, R. (2022) Conversion of Andean montane forest to exotic forest plantation modifies soil physicochemical properties in the buffer zone of Ecuador's Podocarpus National Park. Forest Ecosystems 9: e 1000076. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fecs. 2022.100076" type="journal volume" year="2022">
Carrión-Paladines 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDBFFADBA69C2130B78153A" box="[576,635,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
) (B1+B2ab(ii)), we assign a provisional category of Endangered (B1+B2ab(ii)), following the 
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFDBFFADB9FDC23E0B6915C6" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Committee" box="[468,618,1912,1938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" refId="ref4922" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions. Committee. [https: // www. iucnredlist. org / resources / redlistguidelineshttp: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / redListGuidelines. pdf]" type="url" year="2022">IUCN (2022)</bibRefCitation>
criteria.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A4CB6618FFDAFFACB8A1C3BC0C0F1544" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214716" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214716" box="[136,1292,1786,1808]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214716/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" startId="5.[136,229,1786,1808]" targetBox="[250,1334,210,1746]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDAFFACB8A1C3BC0C0F1544" blockId="5.[136,1292,1786,1808]" box="[136,1292,1786,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACB8A1C3BC09FD155B" bold="true" box="[136,254,1786,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDAFFACB9EEC3BD0B96155B" box="[455,661,1786,1808]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACB9EEC3BD0B96155B" box="[455,661,1786,1808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Loja and Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Prepared by G. Lucero.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFDAFFAFB894C2780DFE10D8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFDAFFAFB894C2780DFE10D8" blockId="5.[136,1452,1854,2061]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,977]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDAFFACB894C2780C651529" collectingDate="2002-01-09" collectionCode="P, B, T" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="Ecuador" county="Lozano" elevation="2800" latitude="-3.993611" location="Delgado" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.14528" municipality="Merino" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Loja">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACB894C2780BD3150C" bold="true" box="[189,720,1854,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFDAFFACB894C2780B34150C" box="[189,567,1854,1880]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFDAFFACBA6FC2780BC0150C" box="[582,707,1854,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="88A37600FFDAFFACBAC4C2790A4F150D" box="[749,844,1855,1881]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBB7FC2780A94150C" bold="true" box="[854,919,1854,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDAFFACBB7FC2780A91150C" box="[854,914,1854,1880]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Loja</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="5D415346FFDAFFACBBB7C2790C3A150D" box="[926,1337,1855,1881]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACBD6DC279099A1529" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-3.993611">3°59’37” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACB88FC225082C1529" box="[166,303,1891,1917]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-79.14528">79°8’43” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDAFFACB913C22508921529" box="[314,401,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2800.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDAFFACB913C22508921529" box="[314,401,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFDAFFACB9B4C2250B4B1529" box="[413,584,1891,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2002-01-09">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDAFFACB9B4C2250B4B1529" box="[413,584,1891,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2002-01-09">9 January 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
(sterile), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBA9CC2220C061529" box="[693,1285,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBA9CC2220BC51529" box="[693,710,1892,1917]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. 
<collectingCounty id="196A4E1CFFDAFFACBAF8C2220A251529" box="[721,806,1892,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Lozano</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBB18C2220A461529" box="[817,837,1892,1917]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="106FACEAFFDAFFACBB78C2220AA51529" box="[849,934,1892,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Merino</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBB98C2220AC11529" box="[945,962,1892,1917]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">T</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="F56B604BFFDAFFACBBE4C2250D2E1529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:781D8786FFDEFFAEB8A1C3320D4F1354:F56B604BFFDAFFACBBE4C2250D2E1529" box="[973,1069,1891,1917]" country="Ecuador" county="Lozano" latitude="-3.993611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.14528" municipality="Merino" name="Delgado" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" stateProvince="Loja">Delgado</location>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBC7BC2220D601529" box="[1106,1123,1892,1917]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="F56B604BFFDAFFACBC44C2220DC11529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:781D8786FFDEFFAEB8A1C3320D4F1354:F56B604BFFDAFFACBC44C2220DC11529" box="[1133,1218,1892,1917]" country="Ecuador" county="Lozano" latitude="-3.993611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.14528" municipality="Merino" name="Lozano" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" stateProvince="Loja">Lozano</location>
, E-33
</emphasis>
(
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDAFFACBD3DC2250C5C1529" box="[1300,1375,1891,1917]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">LOJA</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDAFFACBD5BC2250C0215F5" collectingDate="2002-01-09" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="Ecuador" county="Lozano" elevation="2900" latitude="-3.9994445" location="Delgado" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.14389" municipality="Merino" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
same location, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACB8C6C2C1086E15F5" box="[239,365,1927,1954]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-3.9994445">3°59’58” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACB951C2C108FC15F5" box="[376,511,1927,1953]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-79.14389">79°8’38” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDAFFACBA20C2C10B5C15F5" box="[521,607,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDAFFACBA20C2C10B5C15F5" box="[521,607,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFDAFFACBA40C2C10A1115F5" box="[617,786,1927,1953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2002-01-09">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDAFFACBA40C2C10A1115F5" box="[617,786,1927,1953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2002-01-09">9 January 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
(sterile), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBB52C2CE0DA315F5" box="[891,1184,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBB52C2CE0A8F15F5" box="[891,908,1928,1953]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. Lozano &amp; al. E-35/E-34
</emphasis>
(
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFDAFFACBC87C2C10DFA15F5" box="[1198,1273,1927,1953]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">LOJA</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDAFFACBD22C2C10CA41591" collectingDate="2015-10-20" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2823" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
same location, 3°99’10” S, 79°14’57” W, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDAFFACB993C2ED0B111591" box="[442,530,1963,1989]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.823" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2823.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDAFFACB993C2ED0B111591" box="[442,530,1963,1989]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.823" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2823.0">2823 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFDAFFACBA36C2ED0BDD1592" box="[543,734,1963,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2015-10-20">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDAFFACBA36C2ED0BDD1592" box="[543,734,1963,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2015-10-20">20 October 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBB08C2EA0ACE1591" box="[801,973,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">I. Arnelas Seco</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBBF5C2ED0C2D1591" box="[988,1326,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
A. Gusmán &amp; I. 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFDAFFACBCB0C2ED0DEC1591" box="[1177,1263,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Medina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Medina</taxonomicName>
9775
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBD17C2ED0C9C1591" box="[1342,1439,1963,1989]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDAFFACB8A1C2890DEB15BD" box="[136,1256,1999,2026]" collectingDate="2022-04-06" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2790" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
same location, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACB906C28908AE15BD" box="[303,429,1999,2026]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-3.9897223">3°59’23” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACB990C2890B4215BD" box="[441,577,1999,2026]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-79.14583">79°8’45” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDAFFACBA62C2890BA215BD" box="[587,673,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2790.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDAFFACBA62C2890BA215BD" box="[587,673,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2790.0">2790 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFDAFFACBA85C2890A3B15BD" box="[684,824,1999,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2022-04-06">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDAFFACBA85C2890A3B15BD" box="[684,824,1999,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="2022-04-06">6 April 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
(sterile), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFACBB8AC2960D7215BD" box="[931,1137,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">N. Cumbicus 1986</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFDAFFACBC56C2890DE315BD" box="[1151,1248,1999,2025]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFDAFFAFBCDBC289082C12EC" collectingDate="1997-09-06" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="I, A, HUTPL, N, C, E, R, QCA, P, M, AAU, QCNE, G, J, LOJA, CHEP, MO, SL, F, GOET" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2960" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="LOJA" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LOJA">
Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Cajanuma, sendero al mirador, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACBA5EC2B50BBD1A59" box="[631,702,2035,2061]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="925" value="-4.05">4°3’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFDAFFACBAE2C2B50A2A1A59" box="[715,809,2035,2061]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="9" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" precision="925" value="-79.15">79°9’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFDAFFACBB1DC2B50A881A59" box="[820,907,2035,2061]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2960.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFDAFFACBB1DC2B50A881A59" box="[820,907,2035,2061]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2960.0">2960 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFDAFFACBBBEC2B50D601A59" box="[919,1123,2035,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="1997-09-06">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFDAFFACBBBEC2B50D601A59" box="[919,1123,2035,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" value="1997-09-06">6 September 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFDAFFAFBC8AC2B509CD12EC" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">C. Cerón &amp; E. Ocampo 34851</emphasis>
(
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFD9FFAFB8F5C5D8082412EC" box="[220,295,158,184]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">LOJA</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFB910C5D80DF41288" collectingDate="2023-11-11" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL, LOJA, QCA" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2960" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
Cantón: 
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFD9FFAFB9BEC5D808CE12EC" box="[407,461,158,184]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Loja</collectingRegion>
, parroquia Yangana, borde del camino Yangana-Cerro Toledo, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBCAAC5D80C1512EC" box="[1155,1302,158,185]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="7.52" value="-4.385422">4°23’7.52” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBD08C5D809A01289" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="7" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="12.56" value="-79.120155">79°7’12.56” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFB887C58408051289" box="[174,262,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2960.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFB887C58408051289" box="[174,262,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2960.0">2960 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFB93BC58408E91288" box="[274,490,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-11-11">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFB93BC58408E91288" box="[274,490,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-11-11">11 November 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA02C5850AE11288" box="[555,994,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 311</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBBD8C5840D531288" box="[1009,1104,194,220]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBC75C5840DA01288" box="[1116,1187,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">LOJA</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBC86C5840DEC1288" box="[1199,1263,194,220]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" name="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">QCA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFBD2BC5840BAC1370" collectingDate="1984-11-25" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="AAU, QCNE, US" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2780" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBD2BC584080F1354" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFD9FFAFBD2BC5840C381288" box="[1282,1339,194,220]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Loja</collectingRegion>
/ 
<collectingRegion id="3270F872FFD9FFAFBD6DC58408041354" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Loja-Zamora road just east of province border and pass, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBBB5C5A00AF21354" box="[924,1009,230,257]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-3.9833333">3°59’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBBD6C5A00D5C1355" box="[1023,1119,230,257]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-79.13333">79°8’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBC42C5A00DC01355" box="[1131,1219,230,257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2780.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBC42C5A00DC01355" box="[1131,1219,230,257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2780.0">2780 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBCF9C5A00CA81354" box="[1232,1451,230,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="1984-11-25">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBCF9C5A00CA81354" box="[1232,1451,230,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="1984-11-25">25 November 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB8EBC44D08C61370" box="[194,453,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">P. M. Jorgensen 56400</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB9FCC44C0B151370" box="[469,534,266,292]" country="Ethiopia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5dxx-xet2" name="Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">AAU</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBA0AC44C0B711370" box="[547,626,266,292]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" name="Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">QCNE</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBA57C44C0BA51370" box="[638,678,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">US</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFBA92C44D09E81338" collectingDate="1995-09-30" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="QCNE" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2900" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
en la cresta de el paso, yendo hacia la loma de los Balcones, 
<locationDeviation id="E1B92FB2FFD9FFAFBD5AC44D0834131D" firstLocation="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" secondLocation="Zamora">entre Loja y Zamora</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB96FC46808CB131C" box="[326,456,302,329]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-3.9938889">3°59’38” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB9FEC4680B60131D" box="[471,611,302,329]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-79.14444">79°8’40” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBA58C4680BC8131D" box="[625,715,302,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBA58C4680BC8131D" box="[625,715,302,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBAF3C4680ABA131D" box="[730,953,302,329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="1995-09-30">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBAF3C4680ABA131D" box="[730,953,302,329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="1995-09-30">30 September 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
(sterile), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBC05C4690CA8131C" box="[1068,1451,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">A. Garmendia &amp; G. Paredes 390</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB8B9C41409E01338" box="[144,227,338,364]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" name="Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">QCNE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFB8DEC414082713C4" collectingDate="2001-09-25" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="LOJA" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2800" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
Loja-Zamora road, km 18 (El Tiro), 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBABAC4140A101338" box="[659,787,338,365]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-3.9825">3°58’57” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBB08C4140AA91339" box="[801,938,338,365]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-79.14528">79°8’43” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBB9FC4140D0D1339" box="[950,1038,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2800.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBB9FC4140D0D1339" box="[950,1038,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBC33C4140DF51338" box="[1050,1270,338,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2001-09-25">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBC33C4140DF51338" box="[1050,1270,338,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2001-09-25">25 September 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBD1EC41509C313C4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">J. Madsen 8550</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB8F8C430081F13C4" box="[209,284,374,400]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" name="Universidad Nacional de Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">LOJA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFB918C4300B6A13E0" collectingDate="2004-10-09" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="CHEP, MO" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2900" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
límite provincial 
<locationDeviation id="E1B92FB2FFD9FFAFB9DCC4310BE013C5" box="[501,739,374,401]" firstLocation="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" secondLocation="Zamora">entre Loja y Zamora</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBAD9C4300A4513C4" box="[752,838,374,401]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-3.9833333">3°59’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBB7CC4300AB713C5" box="[853,948,374,401]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="9" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-79.15">79°9’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBBE8C4300D1913C5" box="[961,1050,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBBE8C4300D1913C5" box="[961,1050,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBC01C4300DDA13C4" box="[1064,1241,374,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2004-10-09">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBC01C4300DDA13C4" box="[1064,1241,374,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2004-10-09">9 October 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBD34C43108C813E0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">J. Caranqui, M. Melampy &amp; J. Lara 1252</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB9F3C4DC0B2013E0" box="[474,547,410,436]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15129" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15129" name="Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">CHEP</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBA06C4DC0B6213E0" box="[559,609,410,436]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFBA5CC4DC0B8B13A8" collectingDate="2023-11-05" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL, LOJA, QCA" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="3300" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
límite provincial Loja-Zamora Chinchipe, parte superior de Cerro toledo, borde del camino principal, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB9FEC4F80B7C138C" box="[471,639,446,472]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="20.99" value="-4.389164">4°23’20.99” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFBAB9C4F80A42138D" box="[656,833,446,473]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="6" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="49.31" value="-79.11369">79°6’49.31” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBB78C4F80AAE138D" box="[849,941,446,473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3300.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBB78C4F80AAE138D" box="[849,941,446,473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBB97C4F80D91138C" box="[958,1170,446,473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-11-05">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBB97C4F80D91138C" box="[958,1170,446,473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-11-05">5 November 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBCF5C4F9084413A9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega</emphasis>
310 (
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB9ACC4A408E713A8" box="[389,484,482,508]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB9C6C4A40B3513A8" box="[495,566,482,508]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" name="Universidad Nacional de Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">LOJA</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBA69C4A40B8313A8" box="[576,640,482,508]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" name="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">QCA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFBABBC4A40AC31074" collectingDate="1984-11-25" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="3000" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBABBC4A40A8313A8" bold="true" box="[658,896,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Zamora-Chinchipe:</emphasis>
área del Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Cajanuma, El Mirador, [
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB93EC74008AE1074" box="[279,429,518,545]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="30.26" value="-4.091739">4°5’30.26” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB99AC7400B611075" box="[435,610,518,545]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="1" seconds="0.72" value="-79.16686">79°10’0.72” W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBA5CC7400BC91075" box="[629,714,518,545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3000.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBA5CC7400BC91075" box="[629,714,518,545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBAF1C7410A4A1075" box="[728,841,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">RBu &amp; SL</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBB7EC7400ABB1074" box="[855,952,518,544]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFBBE2C7410852103C" collectingDate="2012-09-29" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="GOET, HUTPL" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="2880" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" latitude="-3.9897223" location="Loja" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
Reserva San Francisco, road Loja-Zamora, ca. 35 Km from 
<location id="F56B604BFFD9FFAFB96EC76C087E1010" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:781D8786FFDEFFAEB8A1C3320D4F1354:F56B604BFFD9FFAFB96EC76C087E1010" box="[327,381,554,580]" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" latitude="-3.9897223" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-79.1078" municipality="Merino" name="Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" stateProvince="Loja">Loja</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB9A3C76C08E31010" box="[394,480,554,581]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-3.9666667">3°58’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="95805057FFD9FFAFB9C7C76C0B4D1011" box="[494,590,554,581]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" precision="925" value="-79.066666">79°4’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBA73C76C0BB01011" box="[602,691,554,581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.88" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2880.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFBA73C76C0BB01011" box="[602,691,554,581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.88" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2880.0">2880 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFBAE9C76C0A9E1010" box="[704,925,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2012-09-29">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFBAE9C76C0A9E1010" box="[704,925,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2012-09-29">29 September 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBBC9C76D0CA81010" box="[992,1451,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">J. Homeier, F.A. Werner &amp; R. Link 5022</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB8B9C70809DE103C" box="[144,221,590,616]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pq74-a94z" name="Universität Göttingen" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">GOET</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFB8C0C708084A103C" box="[233,329,590,616]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="40DC3CCDFFD9FFAFB974C7080DFA10D8" collectingDate="2023-10-21" collectingDateMax="2023-11-11" collectingDateMin="1984-11-25" collectionCode="HUTPL, LOJA, QCA" collectorName="Parque Nacional Podocarpus El Tiro" country="United States of America" county="Lozano" elevation="3070" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" location="Loja" municipality="Merino" pageId="6" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loja">
cantón Palanda, parroquia Valladolid, ladera oriental de Cerro Toledo, 4°239’18.1” S, 79°6’28.1” W, 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFB887C734080610D9" box="[174,261,626,653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3070.0">
<elevation id="7B99D1A3FFD9FFAFB887C734080610D9" box="[174,261,626,653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="3070.0">3070 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="840A1050FFD9FFAFB938C73408CE10D8" box="[273,461,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-10-21">
<collectingDate id="944EE9B8FFD9FFAFB938C73408CE10D8" box="[273,461,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" value="2023-10-21">21 October 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA24C7350AC710D8" box="[525,964,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">R. Ansaloni &amp; N. Espinosa-Ortega 308</emphasis>
(G, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBBDFC7350D5010D9" box="[1014,1107,627,653]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vs2j-q1dn" name="Universidad Tecnica Particular De Loja (UTPL)" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">HUTPL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBC77C7340DA610D8" box="[1118,1189,626,652]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14359" name="Universidad Nacional de Loja" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">LOJA</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="96A5AE55FFD9FFAFBC98C7340DF210D8" box="[1201,1265,626,652]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" name="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="Herbarium">QCA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8AE651BFFD9FFAEB894C7D00D4F1354" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFD9FFAFB894C7D00B601184" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB894C7D0085310E4" bold="true" box="[189,336,662,688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Discussions:</emphasis>
—Although many 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBA0CC7D10BE310E4" box="[549,736,662,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA0CC7D10B8610E5" box="[549,645,663,689]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Gynoxys</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have leaves with revolute margins, none show concave leaves and two trichome 
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFD9FFAFB970C7FD08971081" box="[345,404,699,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">types</typeStatus>
in the abaxial leaf surface; both features make 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBB90C7FD0D641080" box="[953,1127,698,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBB90C7FD0D641080" box="[953,1127,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unique among all described species so far. This species has often been misidentified as 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBB1CC7990DFA10AC" authority="Cuatrecasas (1951: 16)" authorityName="Cuatrecasas" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1951" box="[821,1273,734,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuicochensis">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBB1CC7990AEA10AC" box="[821,1001,734,761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. cuicochensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFBBDBC7980DFA10AC" author="Cuatrecasas J" box="[1010,1273,734,761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4572" refString="Cuatrecasas J (1951) Contributions to the Flora of South America. Studies on Andean Compositae - II. Fieldiana: Botany 27 (2): 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2414" type="journal article" year="1951">Cuatrecasas (1951: 16)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBD0AC799086C1148" authority="Muschler (1913: 87)" authorityName="Muschler" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1913" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugulosa">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBD0AC7990CAF10AC" box="[1315,1452,734,761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. rugulosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFB8A1C644086C1148" author="Muschler, R." box="[136,367,770,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="76 - 96" refId="ref5564" refString="Muschler, R. (1913) Compositae perv. et boliv. II. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (2 / 3, Beibl. 111): 76 - 96." type="journal article" year="1913">Muschler (1913: 87)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species differs from 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBAE8C6450A721148" authorityName="Cuatrecasas" authorityYear="1951" box="[705,881,770,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuicochensis">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBAE8C6450A721148" box="[705,881,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. cuicochensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaf length (4–7.2(–8.6) cm vs. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBCC6C6440C6C1148" box="[1263,1391,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–5.5 cm</quantity>
), leaf margin (strongly revolute vs. slightly curved margins), leaf indumentum (simple and T-shaped trichomes vs. simple trichome) and ray florets number (4–5 vs. 3). From 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA97C60D0A4A1130" box="[702,841,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBA97C60D0A461130" authorityName="Muschler" authorityYear="1913" box="[702,837,842,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugulosa">G. rugulosa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
it differs in leaf texture (coriaceous vs. subcoriaceous), abaxial leaf indumentum (simple and T-shaped trichomes vs. simple), synflorescense bracteoles (triangular vs. linear), phyllaries number (8 vs. 12–15), limb length (
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBAB6C6D40A1911F9" box="[671,794,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 mm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="374C9B75FFD9FFAFBB64C6D40AAD11F8" box="[845,942,914,940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
) and disc floret number (8–9(–12) vs. 5–6). Further differences are detailed in 
<tableCitation id="BD36032BFFD9FFAFBA20C6F00B5E1184" box="[521,605,950,976]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[137,229,1024,1048]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological differences between Gynoxys revolutifolia and similar species. References are taken from (1) Cuatrecasas (1951); (2) Muschler (1913); (3) presented herein; * Authors observation based on type material." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A4CB6618FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" tableUuid="A4CB6618FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A4CB6618FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668" ID-Table-UUID="A4CB6618FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A4CB6618FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" startId="6.[137,229,1024,1048]" targetBox="[144,1434,1102,1874]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460C141668" blockId="6.[136,1451,1024,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB8A0C1460801164C" bold="true" box="[137,258,1024,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological differences between 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBABDC1460A78164C" box="[660,891,1024,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBABDC1460A78164C" box="[660,891,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and similar species. References are taken from (1) 
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFB8A1C162085B1668" author="Cuatrecasas J" box="[136,344,1060,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4572" refString="Cuatrecasas J (1951) Contributions to the Flora of South America. Studies on Andean Compositae - II. Fieldiana: Botany 27 (2): 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2414" type="journal article" year="1951">Cuatrecasas (1951)</bibRefCitation>
; (2) 
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFB9A0C1620B3D1668" author="Muschler, R." box="[393,574,1060,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="76 - 96" refId="ref5564" refString="Muschler, R. (1913) Compositae perv. et boliv. II. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (2 / 3, Beibl. 111): 76 - 96." type="journal article" year="1913">Muschler (1913)</bibRefCitation>
; (3) presented herein; * Authors observation based on type material.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFD9FFAFB8B9C1080D9B1505" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<table id="82B4C430FFD90056B8B9C1080C991506" box="[144,1434,1102,1874]" gridcols="4" gridrows="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C1080C991630" box="[144,1434,1102,1124]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C10808C01630" box="[144,451,1102,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Species</th>
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C1080BD41630" box="[477,727,1102,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFB9F4C1090B761637" authorityName="Cuatrecasas" authorityYear="1951" box="[477,629,1102,1124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuicochensis">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB9F4C1090B761637" box="[477,629,1102,1124]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. cuicochensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1)
</th>
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C1080D2D1630" box="[812,1070,1102,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBB05C1090A9D1637" authorityName="Muschler" authorityYear="1913" box="[812,926,1102,1124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugulosa">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBB05C1090A9D1637" box="[812,926,1102,1124]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. rugulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2)
</th>
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC1080C991630" box="[1139,1434,1102,1124]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBC5AC1090C041637" box="[1139,1287,1102,1124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBC5AC1090C041637" box="[1139,1287,1102,1124]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C1310C9916D9" box="[144,1434,1143,1165]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C13108C016D9" box="[144,451,1143,1165]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Trichome type</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C1310BD416D9" box="[477,727,1143,1165]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">simple</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C1310D2D16D9" box="[812,1070,1143,1165]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">N/A</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC1310C9916D9" box="[1139,1434,1143,1165]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">simple and T-shaped</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C1D80C9916E0" box="[144,1434,1182,1204]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C1D808C016E0" box="[144,451,1182,1204]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Texture leaves</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C1D80BD416E0" box="[477,727,1182,1204]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">coriaceous</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C1D80D2D16E0" box="[812,1070,1182,1204]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">subcoriaceous</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC1D80C9916E0" box="[1139,1434,1182,1204]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">coriaceous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C1800C9916AB" box="[144,1434,1222,1279]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C18008C016AB" box="[144,451,1222,1279]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Abaxial leaf surface trichomes</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C1800BD416AB" box="[477,727,1222,1279]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">simple, densely adpressed tomentose</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C1800D2D16AB" box="[812,1070,1222,1279]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">subglandular-tomentose</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC1800C9916AB" box="[1139,1434,1222,1279]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">simple and T-shaped</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0570C991773" box="[144,1434,1297,1319]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C05708C01773" box="[144,451,1297,1319]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Lamina shape</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0570BD41773" box="[477,727,1297,1319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">ovate to ovate-oblong</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0570D2D1773" box="[812,1070,1297,1319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">oblong-ovate to ovate</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0570C991773" box="[1139,1434,1297,1319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">oblong to ovate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C07E0C99171A" box="[144,1434,1336,1358]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C07E08C0171A" box="[144,451,1336,1358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Leaf margin</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C07E0BD4171A" box="[477,727,1336,1358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">slightly curved</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C07E0D2D171A" box="[812,1070,1336,1358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">entire to revolute</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC07E0C99171A" box="[1139,1434,1336,1358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">strongly revolute</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0260C991722" box="[144,1434,1376,1398]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C02608C01722" box="[144,451,1376,1398]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Leaf length (cm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0260BD41722" box="[477,727,1376,1398]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">2.5–5.5</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0260D2D1722" box="[812,1070,1376,1398]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">7–7.5</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0260C991722" box="[1139,1434,1376,1398]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">4–7.2(–8.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0C10C9917C9" box="[144,1434,1415,1437]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C0C108C017C9" box="[144,451,1415,1437]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Pedicels (cm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0C10BD417C9" box="[477,727,1415,1437]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">0.1–1.4</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0C10D2D17C9" box="[812,1070,1415,1437]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">N/A</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0C10C9917C9" box="[1139,1434,1415,1437]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">(0.56–)0.7–1.37(–1.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0E80C991790" box="[144,1434,1454,1476]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C0E808C01790" box="[144,451,1454,1476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
Bracteole 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFB8DBC0E808221790" box="[242,289,1454,1476]" form="lanceolate" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="form">form</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0E80BD41790" box="[477,727,1454,1476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">lanceolate</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0E80D2D1790" box="[812,1070,1454,1476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">linear *</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0E80C991790" box="[1139,1434,1454,1476]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">triangular</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0900C9917B8" box="[144,1434,1494,1516]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C09008C017B8" box="[144,451,1494,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Phyllary number</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0900BD417B8" box="[477,727,1494,1516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">7–8</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0900D2D17B8" box="[812,1070,1494,1516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">12–15</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0900C9917B8" box="[1139,1434,1494,1516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C0BB0C991462" box="[144,1434,1533,1590]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C0BB08C01462" box="[144,451,1533,1590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Phyllary surface trichomes</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C0BB0BD41462" box="[477,727,1533,1590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">yellow-gray puberulent tomentose*</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C0BB0D2D1462" box="[812,1070,1533,1590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">gray-puberulent tomentose</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC0BB0C991462" box="[1139,1434,1533,1590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">densely ferruginous tomentose</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C30E0C99140A" box="[144,1434,1608,1630]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C30E08C0140A" box="[144,451,1608,1630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="217"># Ray florets (RF)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C30E0BD4140A" box="[477,727,1608,1630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">3</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C30E0D2D140A" box="[812,1070,1608,1630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">5–6</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC30E0C99140A" box="[1139,1434,1608,1630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">4–5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C3290C9914D2" box="[144,1434,1647,1670]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C32908C014D2" box="[144,451,1647,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Corolla tube length of RF (mm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C3290BD414D2" box="[477,727,1647,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">2</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C3290D2D14D2" box="[812,1070,1647,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">4</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC3290C9914D2" box="[1139,1434,1647,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">4–5(–6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C3D10C9914F9" box="[144,1434,1687,1709]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C3D108C014F9" box="[144,451,1687,1709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Limb length (mm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C3D10BD414F9" box="[477,727,1687,1709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">7–8</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C3D10D2D14F9" box="[812,1070,1687,1709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">6–8</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC3D10C9914F9" box="[1139,1434,1687,1709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">10–11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C3870C99148C" box="[144,1434,1729,1752]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C38708C0148C" box="[144,451,1729,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="217"># Disc florets (DF)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C3870BD4148C" box="[477,727,1729,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">8–9</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C3870D2D148C" box="[812,1070,1729,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">5–6</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC3870C99148C" box="[1139,1434,1729,1752]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">8–9(–12)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C3AA0C991557" box="[144,1434,1772,1795]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C3AA08C01557" box="[144,451,1772,1795]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Corolla length of DF (mm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C3AA0BD41557" box="[477,727,1772,1795]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">7</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C3AA0D2D1557" box="[812,1070,1772,1795]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">8–10</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC3AA0C991557" box="[1139,1434,1772,1795]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">(5.6–)6.5–7(–7.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C2520C99157F" box="[144,1434,1812,1835]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C25208C0157F" box="[144,451,1812,1835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Corolla tube length of DF (mm)</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C2520BD4157F" box="[477,727,1812,1835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">2.2</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C2520D2D157F" box="[812,1070,1812,1835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">ca. 5.75</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC2520C99157F" box="[1139,1434,1812,1835]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">3–3.5(–4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4E8434D2FFD90056B8B9C27A0C991506" box="[144,1434,1852,1874]" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<th id="0D555DAEFFD90056B8B9C27A08C01506" box="[144,451,1852,1874]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFB8B9C27B09D61506" box="[144,213,1853,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pappus</taxonomicName>
length (mm)
</th>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056B9F4C27A0BD41506" box="[477,727,1852,1874]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">5–6*</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BB05C27A0D2D1506" box="[812,1070,1852,1874]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">10–14</td>
<td id="0D555DAEFFD90056BC5AC27A0C991506" box="[1139,1434,1852,1874]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">7–8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F00B3690FFD9FFAEB894C2C40D4F1354" blockId="6.[136,1452,1922,2092]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,158,365]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
Based on the trichome architecture, 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBA4AC2C40A5415C8" box="[611,855,1922,1948]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revolutifolia">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA4AC2C40A5415C8" box="[611,855,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Gynoxys revolutifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBC39C2C50DA215C8" authorityName="Cuatrecasas" authorityYear="1951" box="[1040,1185,1923,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="section" section="Praegynoxys">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBC39C2C50DA215C8" box="[1040,1185,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Praegynoxys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBD28C2C50C3C15C8" box="[1281,1343,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFBD60C2C408041594" author="Escobari, B. &amp; Borsch, T. &amp; Kilian, N." pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="61 - 106" refId="ref4771" refString="Escobari, B., Borsch, T. &amp; Kilian, N. (2023) Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae). PhytoKeys 234: 61 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 234.107750" type="journal article" year="2023">
Escobari 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB8A1C2E109C11594" box="[136,194,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
), which is characterized by diversely branched trichomes. So far, the only known species with a similar trichome architecture (simple trichomes underlain by T-shaped trichomes on their stems and abaxial leaf surfaces) are 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFB8A1C2A80BE11A5C" authority="Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas (1992: 414)" authorityName="Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas" authorityPageNumber="414" authorityYear="1992" box="[136,738,2030,2056]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingualensis">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFB8A1C2A808401A5C" box="[136,323,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. chingualensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFB961C2A80BE11A5C" author="Robinson, H. &amp; Cuatrecasas, J." box="[328,738,2030,2056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="411 - 416" refId="ref5847" refString="Robinson, H. &amp; Cuatrecasas, J. (1992) Additions to Aequatorium and Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. Novon 2 (4): 411 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3391502" type="journal article" year="1992">Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas (1992: 414)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBB3CC2A80C4B1A5D" authority="Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas (1992: 415)" authorityName="Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas" authorityPageNumber="415" authorityYear="1992" box="[789,1352,2030,2057]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaramilloi">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBB3CC2A80AA51A5C" box="[789,934,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. jaramilloi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAFBB82C2A80C4B1A5D" author="Robinson, H. &amp; Cuatrecasas, J." box="[939,1352,2030,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="411 - 416" refId="ref5847" refString="Robinson, H. &amp; Cuatrecasas, J. (1992) Additions to Aequatorium and Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. Novon 2 (4): 411 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3391502" type="journal article" year="1992">Robinson &amp; Cuatrecasas (1992: 415)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Another species exhibiting T-shaped trichomes is 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD9FFAFBA7ECD540C0A1A78" authority="(H. Beltran &amp; J. Calvo) B. Escobari &amp; N. Kilian" authorityName="B. Escobari &amp; N. Kilian" baseAuthorityName="H. Beltran &amp; J. Calvo" box="[599,1289,2066,2092]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="valenzuelae">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAFBA7ECD540BFE1A78" box="[599,765,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">G. valenzuelae</emphasis>
(H.Beltrán &amp; J.Calvo) B.Escobari &amp; N.Kilian
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD9FFAEBD07CD54082712EC" author="Escobari, B. &amp; Borsch, T. &amp; Kilian, N." lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="61 - 106" refId="ref4771" refString="Escobari, B., Borsch, T. &amp; Kilian, N. (2023) Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae). PhytoKeys 234: 61 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 234.107750" type="journal article" year="2023">
Escobari 
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD9FFAEBDBECD5509A612EC" italics="true" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">et al.</emphasis>
(2023: 87)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, this species stands out by bearing two distinct 
<typeStatus id="2F0F8832FFD8FFAEBB81C5D90AE012ED" box="[936,995,159,185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="218">types</typeStatus>
of T-shaped trichomes (
<bibRefCitation id="94254B61FFD8FFAEBCD8C5D809C11288" author="Beltran, H. &amp; Calvo, J." pageId="7" pageNumber="218" pagination="293 - 297" refId="ref4273" refString="Beltran, H. &amp; Calvo, J. (2020) A new species of Nordenstamia (Compositae, Senecioneae) from central Peru. Phytotaxa 474 (3): 293 - 297. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 474.3.8" type="journal article" year="2020">Beltran &amp; Calvo 2020</bibRefCitation>
) and no simple ones. Because the T-shaped trichomes are found in the inner layer, they can be easily overlooked, and there might be more species of 
<taxonomicName id="37B44D13FFD8FFAEBA3EC5A10B741355" authorityName="Cassini" authorityYear="1827" box="[535,631,231,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2C0EA82FFD8FFAEBA3EC5A10B741355" box="[535,631,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="218">Gynoxys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having this feature than reported thus far.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>