334 lines
27 KiB
XML
334 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.22900" ID-PMC="PMC5904565" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-742-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFD6FF98D84FFA0EFFFFFF87FFFFFF86" ID-PubMed="29670431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222395" ID-ZooBank="E50E81C28E7A419A8705ECD367A6D7B5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-742-57" checkinTime="1520934681211" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Erwin, Terry L. & Aldebron, Charlotte" docDate="2018" docId="609CB520D93CC7A6184ED3C79A92B6E7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 742: 57-90" docOrigin="ZooKeys 742" docPubDate="2018-03-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.22900" docTitle="Thoasia rugifrons Liebke 1939" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FFD6FF98D84FFA0EFFFFFF87FFFFFF86" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFD6FF98D84FFA0EFFFFFF87FFFFFF86" masterDocTitle="Neotropical Thoasia Liebke, 1939 and Straneotia Mateu, 1961 of the Cryptobatida group, subtribe Agrina: Taxonomic revisions with notes on their ways of life (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668165558851" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotropical Thoasia Liebke, 1939 and Straneotia Mateu, 1961 of the Cryptobatida group, subtribe Agrina: Taxonomic revisions with notes on their ways of life (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erwint@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aldebron, Charlotte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-03-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>742</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
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<mods:end>90</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.22900</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.22900</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-742-57</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E50E81C28E7A419A8705ECD367A6D7B5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFD6FF98D84FFA0EFFFFFF87FFFFFF86</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1222395</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142225548" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:609CB520D93CC7A6184ED3C79A92B6E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/609CB520D93CC7A6184ED3C79A92B6E7" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName LSID="609CB520-D93C-C7A6-184E-D3C79A92B6E7" authority="Liebke, 1939" authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia rugifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="63" start="start">Thoasia</pageBreakToken>
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rugifrons Liebke, 1939
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Digital Photo-illustrations. Habitus, dorsal aspect: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, female, ADP 148165 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., female, ADP 148174 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP 100320. Scale bar: 1.00 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190687" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Rough-headed pentagonal arboreal carabid Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Digital Photo-illustrations, male aedeagus in repose, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, ADP 152522 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., ADP 13748 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP 100336. Legend, lp, left paramere; rp, right paramere; pb, phallobase; bo, phallobase orifice; ps, phalloshaft; a, phalloapex; ml, median lobe. Scale bar: 0.50 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190689" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">, 3A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution map for known localities of Thoasia and Straneotia species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190693" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">, 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia rugifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="64" start="start">Thoasia</pageBreakToken>
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rugifrons
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</taxonomicName>
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Liebke, 1939:129
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">(sex unknown)</emphasis>
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: Type area.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Venezuela</emphasis>
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. Not seen by us; however,
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<bibRefCitation author="Mroczkowski, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="28" pageNumber="85" pagination="365 - 409" refId="B21" refString="Mroczkowski, M, 1960. List of type specimens in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warszawa III. Carabidae (Coleoptera). Annales Zoologici 18 (21): 365 - 409" title="List of type specimens in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warszawa III. Carabidae (Coleoptera)." volume="18" year="1960">Mroczkowski (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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indicates that the holotype is in the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. We have determined that
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Liebke’s">Liebke's</normalizedToken>
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translated description is good enough for us to recognize the species without seeing the type. Our redescription is based on newly acquired specimens (see below).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="derivation of specific epithet">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Derivation of specific epithet.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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The epithet,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia rugifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia rugifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is a Latinized singular feminine adjective meaning "rugose forehead."
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="proposed english vernacular name">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Proposed English Vernacular Name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Rough-headed pentagonal arboreal carabid.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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With the attributes of the genus and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">rugifrons</emphasis>
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species group as described above and adults with elytra metallic dark blue.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Digital Photo-illustrations. Habitus, dorsal aspect: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, female, ADP 148165 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., female, ADP 148174 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP 100320. Scale bar: 1.00 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190687" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">1A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Digital Photo-illustrations, male aedeagus in repose, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, ADP 152522 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., ADP 13748 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP 100336. Legend, lp, left paramere; rp, right paramere; pb, phallobase; bo, phallobase orifice; ps, phalloshaft; a, phalloapex; ml, median lobe. Scale bar: 0.50 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190689" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">3A</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Habitus</emphasis>
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: (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Digital Photo-illustrations. Habitus, dorsal aspect: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, female, ADP 148165 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., female, ADP 148174 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP 100320. Scale bar: 1.00 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190687" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">1A</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Size</emphasis>
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: See Appendix 1. Length (SBL) long for genus, ABL = 4.30-4.55 mm, SBL = 4.11-4.16 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1225052" doi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190687" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Digital Photo-illustrations. Habitus, dorsal aspect:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia rugifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia rugifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Liebke, female, ADP148165
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Aldebron & Erwin" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia pterosmaragdos" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pterosmaragdos">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia pterosmaragdos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., female, ADP148174
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Aldebron" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia manu" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manu">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia manu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP100320. Scale bar: 1.00 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Color</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">See</emphasis>
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diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Luster</emphasis>
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: Elytra shiny metallic; forebody and head shiny.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Microsculpture</emphasis>
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: Mostly isodiametric, well-impressed.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Head</emphasis>
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: Rugae moderately coarse, mostly transverse on occiput, longitudinal adjacent to eye, slightly angulate on frons. Eye very large, sub-hemispheric, and evenly rounded anteriorly, subtly more prolonged posteriorly. Antenna moderately long, reaching humerus. Labrum very large, somewhat cordate, shallowly convex at middle. Neck constricted, width coequal to anterior margin of pronotum.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Prothorax</emphasis>
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: Pronotum moderately narrow, disk centrally convex, with dense transverse rugae and two dark stripes extending longitudinally, occasionally converging at the base. Lateral margins at apical third explanate and sharply acute, becoming constricted at basal third. Hind angles moderately acute and subtly narrower than lateral margin at widest point.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Pterothorax</emphasis>
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: Normal for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Agrina">Agrina</taxonomicName>
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, fully winged, wings smoky translucent. Elytron intervals 3, 5, and 7 with numerous discal setae, intervals slightly convex, side margin markedly explanate. Elytron narrow and short, moderately wider than the pronotum at the broadest part, apex truncate, slightly sinuate with distal corner obtusely rounded, disc not significantly convex, basal third not depressed. All interneurs well-impressed.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Legs</emphasis>
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: Normal for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Agrina">Agrina</taxonomicName>
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, no unique modifications.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Sparsely setiferous; normal ambulatory setae on sterna 3-5; female with three pairs of ambulatory setae on sternum 6; males with two pairs of longer setae on sternum 6.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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: Phallus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Digital Photo-illustrations, male aedeagus in repose, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects: A Thoasia rugifrons Liebke, ADP 152522 B Thoasia pterosmaragdos Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., ADP 13748 C Thoasia manu Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP 100336. Legend, lp, left paramere; rp, right paramere; pb, phallobase; bo, phallobase orifice; ps, phalloshaft; a, phalloapex; ml, median lobe. Scale bar: 0.50 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190689" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">3A</figureCitation>
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.) broad with phallobase ⅓ of its length, ostium 1/3 of its length, catopic, apex short, markedly broad and shallowly rounded; endophallus moderately complex without flagellum. Parameres asymmetric, right very small, left larger, broad, apically rounded.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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: (cf. Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Digital Photo-illustrations. A Habitus, dorsal aspect: Thoasia surinamensis Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP 112239. Scale line = 1.00 mm B Female reproductive system dorsal aspect: Thoasia manu, Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP 100301. Legend, bc, bursa copulatrix; sg, spermathecal gland; sgd, spermathecal gland duct; sp., spermatheca; lt, laterotergite; co, common oviduct; gc 1, gonocoxite 1; gc 2, gonocoxite 2, des, dorsal ensiform seta, b, base of gonocoxite 2; bl, blade of gonocoxite 2. Scale bar: 0.50 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190688" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">2B</figureCitation>
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). Unstudied, but likely similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. manu" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="manu">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">T. manu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, new species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1225054" doi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190688" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Digital Photo-illustrations.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
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Habitus, dorsal aspect:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Aldebron" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia surinamensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia surinamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., female, ADP112239. Scale line = 1.00 mm
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">B</emphasis>
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Female reproductive system dorsal aspect:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Aldebron" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia manu" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manu">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia manu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP100301. Legend,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">bc</emphasis>
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, bursa copulatrix;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">sg</emphasis>
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, spermathecal gland;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">sgd</emphasis>
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, spermathecal gland duct;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">sp</emphasis>
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., spermatheca;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">lt</emphasis>
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, laterotergite;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">co</emphasis>
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, common oviduct;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">gc1</emphasis>
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, gonocoxite 1;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">gc2</emphasis>
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, gonocoxite 2,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">des</emphasis>
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, dorsal ensiform seta,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">b</emphasis>
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, base of gonocoxite 2;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">bl</emphasis>
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, blade of gonocoxite 2. Scale bar: 0.50 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1225056" doi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190689" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Digital Photo-illustrations, male aedeagus in repose, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia rugifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia rugifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Liebke, ADP152522
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aldebron & Erwin" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia pterosmaragdos" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pterosmaragdos">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia pterosmaragdos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Aldebron & Erwin, sp. n., ADP13748
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Aldebron" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thoasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thoasia manu" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manu">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Thoasia manu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Aldebron, sp. n., ADP100336. Legend,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">lp</emphasis>
|
||
, left paramere;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">rp</emphasis>
|
||
, right paramere;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">pb</emphasis>
|
||
, phallobase;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">bo</emphasis>
|
||
, phallobase orifice;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, phalloshaft;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">a</emphasis>
|
||
, phalloapex;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">ml</emphasis>
|
||
, median lobe. Scale bar: 0.50 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="dispersal potential">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Dispersal potential.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
These beetles are macropterous and capable of flight. They are likely moderately swift and agile runners. The two specimens were collected in
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="65" start="start">flight</pageBreakToken>
|
||
intercept traps (FITs), one located at ground level and the other at 20 m up in the canopy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="way of life">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Way of life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">The specimens were collected in January and February, where the climate is tropical, hot and humid throughout the year, with a relatively dry and slightly warmer season from July to November, and a rainy season from December to June.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-02-12" collectingDateMax="2016-01-09" collectingDateMin="2012-02-12" collectorName="Commune de Roura, RN, S. Brule, Dalens, E" country="French Guiana" county="Montagne des Chevaux" elevation="90" latitude="4.7127" location="Cayenne" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-52.3966" municipality="Commune de Roura" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="French Guiana">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:609CB520D93CC7A6184ED3C79A92B6E7:D1FA37BADD9C86C9A342DC1EBB6A92C0" country="French Guiana" county="Montagne des Chevaux" latitude="4.7127" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-52.3966" municipality="Commune de Roura" name="Cayenne">Cayenne</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Commune de Roura</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, RN
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
2, PK22,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Montagne des Chevaux</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7127" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.7127">4.7127°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="52.3966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-52.3966">52.3966°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-02-12">12 February 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brûlé">Brule</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, PH.
|
||
<collectorName>Dalens, E</collectorName>
|
||
. Poirier)(NMNH: ADP152522, male),
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-09">9 January 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brûlé">Brule</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, PH.
|
||
<collectorName>Dalens, E</collectorName>
|
||
. Poirier)(NMNH: ADP148165, female)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution map for known localities of Thoasia and Straneotia species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.742.22900.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/190693" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is currently known from the type locality in Venezuela and in the lowlands of French Guiana.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Note.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
|
||
In
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Liebke’s">Liebke's</normalizedToken>
|
||
description, his specimen measures 5.5 mm. This would mean that the range of ABL for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugifrons" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="rugifrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">T. rugifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greater than one millimeter, a significant enough variation both within this and among other species of this genus to warrant the consideration of error in measurement on his part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |