420 lines
30 KiB
XML
420 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35fa4b7c-bdce-4eca-bbe9-15975a28bc18" ID-PMC="PMC7295817" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-67-95" ID-Pensoft-UUID="010FC7277EF05657969CA42967CFD0D1" ID-PubMed="32565683" ModsDocID="1314-4049-67-95" checkinTime="1591708427155" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ezekiel, Chibundu N., Kraak, Bart, Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo, Sulyok, Michael, Oyedele, Oluwawapelumi A., Ayeni, Kolawole I., Makinde, Oluwadamilola M., Akinyemi, Oluwatosin M., Krska, Rudolf, Crous, Pedro W. & Houbraken, Jos" docDate="2020" docId="0AF4E7D6D9285D668DBA28F37FA41AD5" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 67: 95-124" docOrigin="MycoKeys 67" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716" docTitle="Fusarium madaense Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="010FC7277EF05657969CA42967CFD0D1" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="010FC7277EF05657969CA42967CFD0D1" masterDocTitle="Diversity and toxigenicity of fungi and description of Fusarium madaense sp. nov. from cereals, legumes and soils in north-central Nigeria" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1668243269825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Diversity and toxigenicity of fungi and description of Fusarium madaense sp. nov. from cereals, legumes and soils in north-central Nigeria</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ezekiel, Chibundu N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria & Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A- 3430 Tulln, Austria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2113-2948</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chaugez@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kraak, Bart</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-0252</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Sulyok, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A- 3430 Tulln, Austria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Oyedele, Oluwawapelumi A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ayeni, Kolawole I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Makinde, Oluwadamilola M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Akinyemi, Oluwatosin M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-686X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Krska, Rudolf</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A- 3430 Tulln, Austria & Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT 7 1 NN, Northern Ireland, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Crous, Pedro W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Houbraken, Jos</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>67</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>95</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-67-95</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">010FC7277EF05657969CA42967CFD0D1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164500175" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0AF4E7D6D9285D668DBA28F37FA41AD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AF4E7D6D9285D668DBA28F37FA41AD5" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="0AF4E7D6-D928-5D66-8DBA-28F37FA41AD5" authority="Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous" authorityName="Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous" authorityYear="2020" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium madaense" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="madaense" status="sp. nov.">Fusarium madaense Ezekiel, Sand.-Den., Houbraken & Crous</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="95">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Fusarium madaense sp. nov. (ex-type culture CBS 146669). A-C aspect of colonies on PDA, OA and SNA, respectively, after 14 d at 24 ° C in the dark D colony reverse on OA (up) and PDA (down) after 14 d at 24 ° C in the dark E-G, J aerial conidiophores and phialides H, I sporodochia formed on the surface of carnation leaves K, L sporodochial conidiophores M, N chlamydospores O, P microconidia Q sporodochial conidia. Scale bars: 100 μm (H, I); 20 μm (J); 10 μm (all others)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419485" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
Different from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of napiform microconidia. Different from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its lighter colony pigmentation, growth rates, microconidial septation, presence of true chlamydospores and secondary metabolite patterns.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Type.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
Nigeria, Nasarawa, Mada Station, from groundnut (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arachis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arachis hypogaea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypogaea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Arachis hypogaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Sep. 2018, C.N. Ezekiel, holotype CBS H-24346, ex-holotype strain CBS 146669 = CPC 38344 = 12B(3)2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419485" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous" authorityYear="2020" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium madaense" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Fusarium madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (ex-type culture CBS 146669).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
aspect of colonies on PDA, OA and SNA, respectively, after 14 d at 24°C in the dark
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">D</emphasis>
|
||
colony reverse on OA (up) and PDA (down) after 14 d at 24 °C in the dark
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">E-G, J</emphasis>
|
||
aerial conidiophores and phialides
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">H, I</emphasis>
|
||
sporodochia formed on the surface of carnation leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">K, L</emphasis>
|
||
sporodochial conidiophores
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">M, N</emphasis>
|
||
chlamydospores
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">O, P</emphasis>
|
||
microconidia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Q</emphasis>
|
||
sporodochial
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="conidia" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">H, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">J</emphasis>
|
||
); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(all others).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Colonies grown in the dark at 24°C. On MEA and PDA with an average radial growth rate of 5.9-6.5 mm/d and filling an entire 90 mm Petri dish in 7 d. Surface white to pale rosy buff, flat, velvety to felty with abundant patches of white aerial mycelium; margin regular, filiform. Reverse pale saffron to peach, a pale bay diffusible pigment can be scarcely produced. On OA, occupying an entire 90 mm Petri dish in 7 d. Surface white to pale rosy buff, flat, velvety to felty with abundant patches of white aerial mycelium; margin regular. Reverse pale luteous to saffron. On SNA, reaching 24-25 mm diam. in 7 d. Surface white, velvety, with scarce aerial mycelium, margins filiform. Reverse white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Conidiophores</emphasis>
|
||
on aerial mycelium straight, erect, septate, smooth- and thin-walled, commonly simple or reduced to conidiogenous cells, borne laterally on hyphae or laterally branched at various levels, bearing terminal single monophialides;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">phialides</emphasis>
|
||
subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, (17-)25.5-39.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, (2-)2.5-3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
at widest point, periclinal thickening and collarettes inconspicuous or absent;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">microconidia</emphasis>
|
||
hyaline, clavate, smooth- and thin-walled, 0-3-septate, (7-)9-15(-21)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2-)2.5-4(-5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, arranged in long chains at the tip of monophialides.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochia" lsidName="Sporodochia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Sporodochia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pale to bright orange, formed abundantly on the surface of carnation leaves and on agar surface.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Conidiophores</emphasis>
|
||
in sporodochia, 21-60
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
tall, simple or irregularly and verticillately branched, bearing terminal, single monophialides or groups up 2-3 monophialides;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">sporodochial phialides</emphasis>
|
||
doliiform to subcylindrical, (10.5-)13-18(-20.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2.5-)3-4(-4.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, smooth- and thin-walled, with conspicuous periclinal thickening and an often short apical collarette.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="Sporodochial conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Sporodochial conidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lunate to falcate, tapering towards apical and basal ends, moderately curved dorsiventrally or with an almost straight ventral part; apical cell more or less equally sized than the adjacent cell, apically slightly elongated to papillate; basal cell distinctly notched, (0-)1-5(-6)-septate, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled. Aseptate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (38-)38.5-42(-44)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.5-4.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; one-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (37.5-)40-48(-53)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.5-4(-4.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; two-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 43
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; three-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (29-)38-48.5(-61.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3-)4-4.5(-5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; four-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (45-)46.5-54(-59)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3.5-)4-4.5(-5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; five-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 47.5-55.5(-60)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4-4.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; six-septate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochial" lsidName="conidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="conidia">conidia</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 55.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; overall (29-)38.5-50(-61.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3-)4-4.5(-5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Chlamydospores</emphasis>
|
||
present on MEA, PDA and SNA, globose to subglobose, hyaline, smooth and thick-walled, (6-)6.5-8.5(-10)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
diam., terminal or intercalary in the aerial hyphae, solitary or in chains
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Nigeria.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Name refers to Mada Station, a locality in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, where the species was found.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="additional isolates examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Additional isolates examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
Nigeria, Mada Station, from groundnut (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arachis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arachis hypogaea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypogaea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Arachis hypogaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Sept 2018, C.N. Ezekiel, CBS 146648 = CPC 38321 = 12B(3), CBS 146656 = CPC 38330 = 12B(5); from sorghum, Jan 2019, C.N. Ezekiel, CBS 146651 = CPC 38324 = 7S(6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
Although clearly recognisable based on genetic markers,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous" authorityYear="2020" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium madaense" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Fusarium madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is hardly distinguishable from its closer relatives, based on morphological features only. The novel species is characterised by abundant long, slender and slightly curved macroconidia, a morphology typical of the FFSC. The overall morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; all species are characterised by clavate microconidia formed in long chains from relatively long monophialides. Moreover, the four mentioned species are known to be pathogenic on sorghum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" refId="B55" refString="Leslie, JF, Summerell, BA, 2006. The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" title="The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" year="2006">Leslie and Summerell 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and have been isolated here from the same geographical regions. Nevertheless, some morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can provide an indication of its identity. These include a pale saffron colony pigmentation on OA and PDA, not developing the intense purple colour typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nor the yellow pigmentation of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the presence of up to 3-septate clavate microconidia vs. the up to 2-septate and aseptate microconidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively; and the aseptate, but also rarely napiform microconidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nirenberg, H" journalOrPublisher="Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" refId="B68" refString="Nirenberg, H, 1976. Untersuchungen ueber die morphologische und biologische Differenzierung in der Fusarium - Section Liseola. Mitteilungen der Biologischen Bundesanstalt fuer Land- und Forstwirtschaft.169: 1-117." title="Untersuchungen ueber die morphologische und biologische Differenzierung in der Fusarium - Section Liseola. Mitteilungen der Biologischen Bundesanstalt fuer Land- und Forstwirtschaft. 169: 1 - 117." year="1976">Nirenberg 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026829" author="Klittich, CJR" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" pagination="643 - 652" refId="B53" refString="Klittich, CJR, Leslie, JF, Nelson, PE, Marasas, WFO, 1997. Fusarium thapsinum (Gibberella thapsina): A new species in section Liseola from sorghum. Mycologia 89 (4): 643 - 652, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026829" title="Fusarium thapsinum (Gibberella thapsina): A new species in section Liseola from sorghum." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026829" volume="89" year="1997">Klittich et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2001.12063254" author="Marasas, WFO" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" pagination="1203 - 1210" refId="B61" refString="Marasas, WFO, Rheeder, JP, Lamprecht, SC, Zeller, KA, Leslie, JF, 2001. Fusarium andiyazi sp. nov., a new species from sorghum. Mycologia 93: 1203 - 1210, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2001.12063254" title="Fusarium andiyazi sp. nov., a new species from sorghum." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2001.12063254" volume="93" year="2001">Marasas et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its closest morphological and phylogenetic relative, by its slightly faster growth rates on PDA, somewhat wider macroconidia and the presence of true chlamydospores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
||
The proposal of the novel species
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its differentiation from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also supported by secondary metabolite profiling of all the above-mentioned species, as found in this study.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ezekiel, Sand. - Den., Houbraken & Crous" authorityYear="2020" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium madaense" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Fusarium madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the only beauvericin-producing species in our dataset. Nevertheless, it has been reported that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strains can produce trace levels of this toxin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.4.2254-2262.2004" author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Applied and Environmental Microbiology" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" pagination="2254 - 2262" refId="B56" refString="Leslie, JF, Zeller, KA, Logrieco, A, Mule, G, Moretti, A, Ritieni, A, 2004. Species diversity and toxin production by strains in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex isolated from native prairie grasses in Kansas. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70: 2254 - 2262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.4.2254-2262.2004" title="Species diversity and toxin production by strains in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex isolated from native prairie grasses in Kansas." url="https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.4.2254-2262.2004" volume="70" year="2004">Leslie et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" refId="B55" refString="Leslie, JF, Summerell, BA, 2006. The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" title="The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" year="2006">Leslie and Summerell 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The alpha-pyrones deoxyfusapyron and fusapyron were produced only by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its closest relative
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; by contrast, fusarin C was produced by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. madaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="madaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. madaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. thapsinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="thapsinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. thapsinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. verticillioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="verticillioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. verticillioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. andiyazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="andiyazi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">F. andiyazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |