272 lines
34 KiB
XML
272 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="50695C4C2C27B37E5A7BB87DC4B91C6B" ID-CLB-Dataset="55979" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab073" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4b539d1c-1f33-425e-af28-52f3c029c89e" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6461085" ID-ZooBank="3FB3FBB8-4112-463A-ADEF-35CD427C8AF4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649833610467" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Klinth, Mårten J., Rota, Emilia, Martinsson, Svante, Prantoni, Alessandro L. & Erséus, Christer" docDate="2022" docId="039DC377FFA6FFC34D8CFED9FE7B5983" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab073.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Marionina fusca Klinth, Rota & Erseus 2022, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1126" masterDocId="FFA4BB0FFFB0FFD44D21FFADFFFD5F1D" masterDocTitle="New insights into the systematics of Lumbricillus and Marionina (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) inferred from Southern Hemisphere samples, including three new species" masterLastPageNumber="1133" masterPageNumber="1103" pageNumber="1125" updateTime="1699328825713" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="F116875B066F2C6E7E8AD6ABC27C8A63" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E10A42584D1CF7AA5214C34BA2542AD7">New insights into the systematics of Lumbricillus and Marionina (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) inferred from Southern Hemisphere samples, including three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2DB5DA42766ECCB19EFF156DD6DF98D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="96CC3FC69050E4CFDA2A37C1AEA3C4BA">Klinth, Mårten J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1D1FB415DF7B94E24F4A43F4840F062C">Rota, Emilia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4A1536A29363D4AA092424B2F41674BF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D0A012C07A6E84C178788749965C2F88">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4FAEF6DB7C8ABA44274F3ABDAC60DC3C">Martinsson, Svante</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B3C1E65ED2DEA0ACFE627A9C0F73F225" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EBE4BB9530674F85ACD64855FAC685BD">Prantoni, Alessandro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="56542166C20A36C1CE836F62AB2E778A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E3EB35836AD1CFCA405CB9CC96D3A84F">Erséus, Christer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E21E5FACAE7F059AC78B8EFBE1B25D81">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5AB13081B327EC3BD26589856864B26D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="809C693BC555E5CE5DF03398A6DE4500">
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<mods:date id="0E8EF648A7A8280BF45F89CF240CD38F">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="16B4C2C21AB1CCDA15EF6B1FB11CB1AB" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="C8E69EE2EA3D3E68169BB0AD64990A6F">2021-09-24</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D7B50554FD34EF7FE202CC5901355DAB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="13A0213331B20CBB2569CAE38FED850D">194</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="02F0660584C208A14C8786BD101117CB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="CB021C4ADD3177B8EFEFBDB83BC78A9E">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3E56E3D828496AAFABA76C7113865CA5">1103</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1845E587A9378DD095C02FDAE866CA37">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C80CBBCCADF66AA06EE56AE94AE14B2B" type="CLB-Dataset">55979</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3FC5441B326E5864F3688CEC954B6A81" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab073</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="58D4A02333D6669F3924A85FA2DD5A19" type="GBIF-Dataset">4b539d1c-1f33-425e-af28-52f3c029c89e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="22BAC56C706E63FCF1F617819F05B375" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="368DAEA16CA46312A1F9BA42B53CB73E" type="Zenodo-Dep">6461085</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1B2E7033DCD4259227F9AE1CBA2261B3" type="ZooBank">3FB3FBB8-4112-463A-ADEF-35CD427C8AF4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039DC377FFA6FFC34D8CFED9FE7B5983" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461133" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194598606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6461133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039DC377FFA6FFC34D8CFED9FE7B5983" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039DC377FFA6FFC34D8CFED9FE7B5983" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1126" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC24D8CFED9FE1C5EB6" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24D8CFED9FE1C5EB6" blockId="22.[173,733,371,427]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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<heading id="D0C3C50DFFA6FFC24D8CFED9FE1C5EB6" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA6FFC24D8CFED9FD4F5E96" ID-CoL="8TG6N" authority="Klinth, Rota & Erseus" authorityName="Klinth, Rota & Erseus" authorityYear="2022" box="[173,690,371,396]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1121" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca" status="sp.">
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<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24D8CFED9FE765E97" bold="true" box="[173,395,372,395]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">MARIONINA FUSCA</emphasis>
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||
KLINTH, ROTA & ERSÉUS
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2731308FFA6FFC24F98FEDAFE1C5EB6" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24F98FEDAFE275EB5" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">SP. NOV</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC24CB2FE6EFD175D5D" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24CB2FE6EFE0B5EC1" blockId="22.[403,502,451,476]" box="[403,502,451,476]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC24CBDFE6EFE135EC1" box="[412,494,451,476]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">FIG. 13</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24DB0FDA0FD175D5D" blockId="22.[145,762,524,576]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB0FDA0FE225D3F" box="[145,479,524,546]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:</emphasis>
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||
u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
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||
<uuid id="FF9248B4FFA6FFC24DFEFD87FD175D5D" box="[223,746,554,576]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">720EDF21-78D8-4169-BE8F-EC4860A9B909</uuid>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC24DB0FD29FBCE5FE4" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24DB0FD29FF0E5C4C" blockId="22.[145,761,644,850]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB0FD29FF065D84" box="[145,251,644,665]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<typeStatus id="548FCCC3FFA6FFC24DB0FD29FF085D84" box="[145,245,644,665]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED25EAA4FFA6FFC24C26FD29FEAB5D84" box="[263,342,644,665]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">SMNH</collectionCode>
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Type Coll. 9311 (CE12475), a mature amputated specimen stained in Paracarmine and mounted on a slide. Leg. Paul Brewin & Alison Massey (Shallow Marine Survey Group),
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<date id="FF8A54A1FFA6FFC24F29FD4DFD325DE8" box="[520,719,736,758]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" value="2010-12-07">7 December 2010</date>
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||
. No
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||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB0FD52FF3D5C09" box="[145,192,767,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">COI</emphasis>
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barcode, accession numbers for other genetic data in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B647DAFFA6FFC24D91FCB0FE905C2F" box="[176,365,797,819]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[144,208,419,441]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimens from the Southern Hemisphere used in this study, with specimen identification number, region of the collection site, GenBank accession numbers for the seven genetic markers, and voucher numbers (with museum acronym)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" tableUuid="DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA">Tables 1 and S1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="548FCCC3FFA6FFC24C5CFCB0FE1A5C2E" box="[381,487,797,819]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
illustrated in
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||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC24FB4FCB0FF135C4C" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
Fig. 13D and
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||
<specimenCount id="9D32B9E8FFA6FFC24DE2FC91FF135C4C" box="[195,238,828,849]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="generic">13F</specimenCount>
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||
</figureCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24DB0FCD6FD505CB2" blockId="22.[145,761,890,943]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB0FCD6FEDB5C92" box="[145,294,890,912]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<typeStatus id="548FCCC3FFA6FFC24DB0FCD6FF3B5C8D" box="[145,198,891,912]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F32332F1FFA6FFC24C12FCD7FE255C8D" box="[307,472,890,912]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
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, Corral Bay, Cumberland East Bay, intertidal zone,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0014A6FFA6FFC24C97FC34FDDB5CB3" box="[438,550,921,943]" degrees="54.3023" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" precision="5" value="-54.3023">54.3023 S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0014A6FFA6FFC24F10FC34FD545CB2" box="[561,681,921,943]" degrees="36.3768" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" precision="5" value="-36.3768">36.3768 W</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24DB0FC75FBCE5FE4" blockId="22.[145,761,984,1128]" lastBlockId="22.[809,1425,197,250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB0FC75FEF25CF0" box="[145,271,984,1005]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<typeStatus id="548FCCC3FFA6FFC24DB0FC75FEF45CF0" box="[145,265,984,1005]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED25EAA4FFA6FFC24C3CFC75FE925CF0" box="[285,367,984,1005]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">SMNH</collectionCode>
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Type Coll. 9312 (CE12476) and
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<collectionCode id="ED25EAA4FFA6FFC24DB0FC5AFF1D5B11" box="[145,224,1015,1036]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">SMNH</collectionCode>
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||
Type Coll. 9313 (CE12478), one mature and one semi-mature specimen from type locality, amputated and mounted on slides.
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||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24CE4FB99FE0A5B54" box="[453,503,1076,1097]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">COI</emphasis>
|
||
barcode (CE12476), GenBank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9467EF82FFA6FFC24C23FBFFFE805B75" box="[258,381,1106,1128]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MZ393959" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
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||
<collectionCode id="ED25EAA4FFA6FFC24C23FBFFFED65B75" box="[258,299,1106,1128]" country="0" name="Museum of the Earth, Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">MZ</collectionCode>
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||
393959
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||
</accessionNumber>
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||
; accession numbers for additional genetic data are given in
|
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<tableCitation id="C6B647DAFFA6FFC24970FF68FB5B5FC7" box="[1105,1190,197,219]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[144,208,419,441]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimens from the Southern Hemisphere used in this study, with specimen identification number, region of the collection site, GenBank accession numbers for the seven genetic markers, and voucher numbers (with museum acronym)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" tableUuid="DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and the Supporting Information (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B647DAFFA6FFC24EE1FF49FBDE5FE4" box="[960,1059,228,250]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[144,208,419,441]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimens from the Southern Hemisphere used in this study, with specimen identification number, region of the collection site, GenBank accession numbers for the seven genetic markers, and voucher numbers (with museum acronym)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" tableUuid="DF4B22E9FFB3FFD74DB1FE0EFBE15ECA">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC24E08FE8FFC775E4A" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24E08FE8FFC775E4A" blockId="22.[809,1424,290,343]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24E08FE8FFC545E2A" box="[809,937,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
From the Latin adjective
|
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<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC249C7FE8EFAD35E25" box="[1254,1326,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">fuscus</emphasis>
|
||
, dark or swarthy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC24E08FE2DFB1E5D32" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24E08FE2DFB1E5D32" blockId="22.[809,1424,384,559]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24E08FE2DFC5F5E88" box="[809,930,384,405]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
This species can be separated from other darkly pigmented, southern marine enchytraeid species in the following characters: (1) the presence of penial bodies, connected to one anterior and one posterior prostate gland; and (2) the absence of a thickened ventral epithelial plate in X.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA6FFC34E08FDC6FD095DF9" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1126" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24E08FDC6FAE05BBA" blockId="22.[809,1426,618,1897]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24E08FDC6FC3A5D9D" box="[809,967,619,640]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Description:</emphasis>
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Dark grey worms (at least when preserved), with subepithelial black pigmentation, densest dorsally, decreasing in intensity ventrally. Length of first 19–27 segments
|
||
<quantity id="4CCCDF84FFA6FFC2498EFD6AFAC05DC1" box="[1199,1341,711,732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" unit="mm" value="3.5999999999999996" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="2.9">2.9–4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(fixed, amputated specimens); first 15 segments 2.1–3.0 mm long; width at clitellum
|
||
<quantity id="4CCCDF84FFA6FFC24945FCA9FAE75C04" box="[1124,1306,772,794]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" unit="mm" value="0.475" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Chaetae sigmoid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC24EB0FC8FFC0C5C25" box="[913,1009,802,824]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Upper bundles dorsolateral (closer to lateral line than the ventral bundles), with four to eight chaetae anterior to clitellum, three to five in postclitellar segments, at least to XXVII. Ventral bundles with six to 12 chaetae anterior to clitellum, and six to ten chaetae posteriorly, at least to XXVII. Longest measured chaetae of each worm 95–105 µm long, ~5 µm wide. Epidermis covered with rows of pale gland cells, and with a few rows of deeply staining granular gland cells, with the latter rows aggregated anterior and posterior of chaetae. Clitellum with reticulate pattern of gland cells, extending over (1/2XI) XII–XIII, absent ventrally. Head pore at 0/I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24E60FB1CFB64592A" blockId="22.[809,1426,618,1897]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
Coelomocytes numerous, 10–15 µm long; round, oval or spindle shaped; granulated, with distinct nucleus. Paired pharyngeal glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC24946FB43FB345A1E" box="[1127,1225,1262,1284]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
|
||
) present in IV, V and VI, with third pair extending back into VII; dorsal connection indiscernible, dorsal and ventral lobes smallest in IV, ventral lobes absent in VII. Dorsal vessel originating in XII–XIII, with peristomial bifurcation. Nephridia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC24E90FA25FBE95A80" box="[945,1044,1416,1438]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
|
||
) ~120 µm long, observed in 7/8– 9/10. Anteseptale consisting of a distinct funnel and a small part of nephridial body. Postseptale oval, tapering into posteroventral efferent duct. Brain with posterior incision. Ventral nerve cord with small subbuccal bulb; see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA6FFC24E75F98FFC30592A" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1890" box="[852,973,1570,1591]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24E75F98FFC30592A" box="[852,973,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Marionina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
discussion above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC34E60F9EDFD815E69" blockId="22.[809,1426,618,1897]" lastBlockId="23.[163,779,197,740]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1126" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
Male genitalia paired (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA6FFC2496BF9EDFB565948" box="[1098,1195,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Testes originating in anterior of XI, with maturing male cells enveloped in testis sacs, cleft lengthwise into irregular lobes, distally breaking up into a mass of free-floating cysts. Sperm funnels in XI, ≥ 170–270 µm long, 65–130 µm wide, that is, about two to three times longer than wide; funnels tapering towards vasa deferentia. Most of vasa irregularly coiled in XII, 15 µm wide. The male pores are surrounded by distinct, small, spherical, penial bodies (35) 60–95 µm in diameter, with cells mostly embedded in the epidermis, encapsulated by musculature. Each penial body bearing two prostate glands, one anterior and one posterior, 95–160 and 95–100 µm long, respectively; each prostate with thread-like ventral connections to the penial bodies. Ovaries in XII. One mature egg observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4B22E9FFA6FFC24DB3F973FD895877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" startId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" targetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA6FFC24DB3F973FD895877" blockId="22.[145,762,1758,1898]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24DB3F973FE3159E9" bold="true" box="[146,460,1758,1780]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">
|
||
Figure 13.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA6FFC24C2CF972FE3159E9" box="[269,460,1758,1780]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA6FFC24C2CF972FE3159E9" bold="true" box="[269,460,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1125">Marionina fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA7FFC34D9AFED0FD095DF9" blockId="23.[163,779,197,740]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">
|
||
Spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA7FFC34C58FED0FDFD5E8E" box="[377,512,381,403]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="22.[146,224,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,1184,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-646@22.[146,760,1179,1719]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 13. Marioninafusca.A,chaetalbundle(CE12478). B, anterior part of body (CE12478). C, spermatheca (CE12478). D, nephridia (holotype). E, spermatheca (CE12476). F, genitalia (holotype). Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461121/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">Fig. 13C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) in V, spindle or tube shaped; ectal duct difficult to distinguish from ampulla, and exact shape of ental part of ampulla difficult to discern owing to heavy pigmentation. Bundled sperm observed in lumen of ectal duct and entally towards ampulla. Spermathecae 120–180 µm long, 40–65 µm wide at the ectal duct and 30 µm wide at widest part of ampulla. Two separate glands at ectal end of each spermatheca, one dorsal and one ventral to spermathecal pore; glandular bodies 45–60 µm in diameter at widest part. One midventral subneural gland, 105 µm long, observed in XV of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D32B9E8FFA7FFC34F75FD62FD0C5DF9" box="[596,753,718,740]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA7FFC34D82FCA0FEF95C5F" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA7FFC34D82FCA0FEF95C5F" blockId="23.[163,778,781,834]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34D82FCA0FE265C3F" box="[163,475,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">Geographical distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32332F1FFA7FFC34FE4FCA0FEFD5C5F" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E21EAFFA7FFC34D82FCC7FE7B5983" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B7261FFA7FFC34D82FCC7FE7B5983" blockId="23.[163,780,874,1694]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34D82FCC7FEEF5C62" box="[163,274,874,895]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
We found two darkly pigmented species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32332F1FFA7FFC34DC1FC24FE775C82" box="[224,394,905,927]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, both reminiscent of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34F5CFC27FCF85C82" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[637,773,906,927]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34F5CFC27FCF85C82" box="[637,773,906,927]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although genetically distinct, these two species are morphologically similar. Both have two pairs of large prostate glands (one pair anterior and one posterior to the male pores), sperm funnels between two and three times longer than wide, and spermathecae shaped as long tubes, slightly wider in the ectal duct than the ental (ampullar) part, and with two glands at each of the pores. In the specimen attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34FA3FBD2FCF65B89" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[642,779,1151,1172]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34FA3FBD2FCF65B89" box="[642,779,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), we did not observe any midventral subneural glands, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34CF2FB11FDCD5BCC" box="[467,560,1212,1233]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34CF2FB11FDCD5BCC" box="[467,560,1212,1233]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has one such gland in XV, neither condition of which matches the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34C1FFB57FE3D5A12" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[318,448,1274,1295]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34C1FFB57FE3D5A12" box="[318,448,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that reported two glands, one in XIII and one in XIV. The development of said glands might vary with sexual maturity, and slight variation does occur in some enchytraeid species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA50F90FFA7FFC34F7FFAF8FD005A77" author="Schmelz RM" box="[606,765,1365,1387]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" pagination="1 - 415" refId="ref25525" refString="Schmelz RM. 2003. Taxonomy of Fridericia (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae). Revision of species with morphological and biochemical methods. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (Neue Folge) 38: 1 - 415." type="journal article" year="2003">Schmelz, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are two principal differences between our two darkly pigmented species. First,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34F17FA3EFD395AB5" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[566,708,1427,1448]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34F17FA3EFD395AB5" box="[566,708,1427,1448]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks distinct penial bodies, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34F29FA1FFD955ADB" box="[520,616,1457,1479]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34F29FA1FFD955ADB" box="[520,616,1457,1479]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has small but distinct penial bodies (more like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34F4CFA7DFD295AF8" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[621,724,1488,1509]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grisea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34F4CFA7DFD295AF8" box="[621,724,1488,1509]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. grisea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F6EE4FFA7FFC34FC0FA7DFF32591E" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="21.[827,909,748,770]" captionTargetBox="[830,1438,198,705]" captionTargetId="figure-716@21.[827,1441,195,708]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 12. Marionina grisea. A, BMNH 1933.2.23.902, spermatheca. B, BMNH 1933.2.23.901, segments VIII–X. C, BMNH 1933.2.23.902, male apparatus. Abbreviations are defined under ‘Taxonomy’. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461119/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Second, the average number of chaetae per bundle is larger in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34C00F9A3FE5F593E" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[289,418,1550,1571]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34C00F9A3FE5F593E" box="[289,418,1550,1571]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with as many as
|
||
<quantity id="4CCCDF84FFA7FFC34F49F9A0FD5D593E" box="[616,672,1549,1571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
|
||
a bundle, compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34C6FF981FE57595C" box="[334,426,1580,1601]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34C6FF981FE57595C" box="[334,426,1580,1601]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a maximum of 12 chaetae in a bundle and usually no more than ten (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3409E2FFA7FFC34FA6F9E6FCF6597D" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1932" box="[647,779,1611,1632]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aestuum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940AE73FFA7FFC34FA6F9E6FCF6597D" box="[647,779,1611,1632]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1126">M. aestuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described as having as many as 17 chaetae per bundle).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |