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<document id="1A7DC4D8AC387FD1BE93B323F9D53BFF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208835" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b1ae83ab-68a0-4775-94a9-b291042fb60e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208835" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460473771091" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valim, Michel P. &amp; Palma, Ricardo L." docDate="2012" docId="E1161B34FF92082520CA8BF427DFB4C9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03273p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3273" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bizarrifrons magus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="1D2F634CFF900822205D8B2A2657B275" masterDocTitle="Redescriptions of two species and descriptions of three new species of the louse genus Bizarrifrons Eichler, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698306298844" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="7E730562B00C397D0941920AC1079136" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C2926BE65714FDF0F5BCFFB5BF19113F">
<mods:title id="82E13B88ADA7BED00FC9B1D355B9CECF">Redescriptions of two species and descriptions of three new species of the louse genus Bizarrifrons Eichler, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="DB67B81C9108E2219E7B95EF1C0A3BAA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="086A1C6746B67AD4D997DDA40DF8C399">
<mods:roleTerm id="E5D2A60023FE8164474383263DEE7289">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2D514759FFF70C61413A0DE9FBD481E5">Valim, Michel P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EC2450CE8553E3088E00E339333D6768" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2A8EE9C8FCA8264F4FD73B1A3A2945EC">
<mods:roleTerm id="28598341D32B3704485EE5BA68DA6EEE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E30B8542F4F171E195256A4A9A8AF9DD">Palma, Ricardo L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D398592A0D37D4B596A9AC182603545C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F2B09ACEE2482210A8702F2DF4701510" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1C0CAAC64DF5A2FCAE4249CF1BEB48AE">
<mods:title id="DA431480C6C738C33FBA0CB0CA8EE754">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7E103AD709580AC668A66F9E5E161E63">
<mods:date id="251E865A3473BEE489EE5D0B3B62A16D">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FDACE08195F2D4F5E4098ABB585942E7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A5B69F6B797A705BB924AA5F71F8ABAE">3273</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FD6625F3858794ACC28A610F979F269D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="25FA643496669CEEE9FBA0CB0BDE1BB5">28</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AF6C14C7921B7EFED4F0737A7A510498">50</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="28820B5063413F01D5060318294F5A58">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5E0F292E2470D1083E08AF101D803AE9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.208835</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9796955F88AE8942F7524AD81C944AA3" type="GBIF-Dataset">b1ae83ab-68a0-4775-94a9-b291042fb60e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="088FA4E3B8F825665B8E36651BBBA4A1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7F03793B31F56C2F1EF6DD0EED92830A" type="Zenodo-Dep">208835</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E1161B34FF92082520CA8BF427DFB4C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6172343" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119515823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6172343" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E1161B34FF92082520CA8BF427DFB4C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1161B34FF92082520CA8BF427DFB4C9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF92082020CA8BF42706B36C" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8BF42498B28D" blockId="2.[151,719,222,281]" box="[151,719,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="32481D4EFF92082020CA8BF42498B28D" bold="true" box="[151,719,222,248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8BF42498B28D" bold="true" box="[151,719,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8BF427D5B28D" box="[151,386,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8BF427D5B28D" bold="true" box="[151,386,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nitzsch [in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820227C8BF42490B28D" author="Giebel" box="[545,711,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8A2B2706B36C" blockId="2.[151,719,222,281]" box="[151,337,257,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF92082020C28A2B2753B36C" box="[159,260,257,281]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetBox-1="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Figs 1–6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF92082021528A2B271FB36C" box="[271,328,257,281]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStart-1="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox-0="[171,1410,233,1902]" captionTargetBox-1="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,215,1910]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 9 – 10. Bizarrifrons magus: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10)." captionText-1="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">9–16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF92082020CA8A6025B2B3E9" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8A60220DB32A" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1114,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8A60275FB32A" bold="true" box="[151,264,330,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="B6041480FF92082020CA8A60269BB32A" box="[151,204,330,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
host:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082021538A602792B32A" box="[270,453,330,351]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Cassicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082021538A602792B32A" box="[270,453,330,351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Cassicus cristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082021B48A63253CB32A" authority="Pallas, 1769" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1769" box="[489,875,329,351]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Psarocolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decumanus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082021B48A63248EB32A" box="[489,729,329,351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Psarocolius decumanus</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1769)
</taxonomicName>
]— Crested oropendola
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8A43258BB30B" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,988,360,382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8A43272AB30B" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" box="[151,381,360,382]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8A43277DB30B" box="[151,298,361,382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
[in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021FB8A422462B30B" author="Giebel" box="[422,565,360,382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1861) Verzeichniss der von Chr. L. Nitzsch untersuchten Epizoen nach den Wohnthieren geordnet. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 18, 289 - 319." type="journal article" year="1861">Giebel], 1861</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022638A432480B30B" box="[574,727,361,382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Z. Ges. Naturw</emphasis>
. 18: 301 (
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082023628A432599B30B" box="[831,974,360,382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">nomen nudum</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8AA225B2B3E9" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,997,390,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8AA2272FB3E9" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" box="[151,376,390,413]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8AA22773B3E8" box="[151,292,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus majus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
[in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021FC8AAC2478B3E9" author="Giebel" box="[417,559,390,412]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022658AA22486B3E8" box="[568,721,391,413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Z. Ges. Naturw</emphasis>
. 28: 367 (error for
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082023C88AA22580B3E8" box="[917,983,392,413]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082023C88AA22580B3E8" box="[917,983,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF92082120CA8A8F2759B598" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8A8F23DCB3CE" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1419,421,443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8A8F245EB3CF" authority="Giebel, 1874" authorityName="Giebel" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,521,421,443]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8A8F272BB3CE" box="[151,380,421,443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Docophorus ambiguus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021DE8A8F245EB3CF" author="Giebel" box="[387,521,421,443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820224F8A8C24FFB3CE" box="[530,680,422,443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Insecta Epizoa</emphasis>
: 119, pl. VIII, figs 12–13 (not
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082023BC8A8F23D7B3CE" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[993,1408,421,443]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082023BC8A8F2290B3CE" box="[993,1223,421,443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Docophorus ambiguus</emphasis>
Burmeister, 1838
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8AEF22CFB3AF" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1176,451,474]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8AEF2797B3AC" authority="Nitzsch, 1861" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,448,451,474]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8AEF277DB3AF" box="[151,298,453,474]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch, 1861
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021978AE9241DB3AC" author="Giebel" box="[458,586,451,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel 1874</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820220E8AEF24BEB3AF" box="[595,745,453,474]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Insecta Epizoa</emphasis>
: 119 (as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820245A8AEF22DFB3AF" box="[1031,1160,452,474]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820245A8AEF22DFB3AF" box="[1031,1160,452,474]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">D. ambiguus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8AC82509B38D" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,862,482,504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8AC8272BB38D" box="[151,380,482,504]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8AC8272BB38D" box="[151,380,482,504]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Docophorus ambiguus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N. in Giebel.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082022518AC824DFB38D" author="Piaget" box="[524,648,482,504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Piaget, E. (1880) Les Pediculines. Essai Monographique. Leide: E. J. Brill. xxxix + 714 pp., pls 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="1880">Piaget 1880</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022CC8AC92567B38D" box="[657,816,482,504]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Les Pédiculines</emphasis>
: 70.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA892B227FB062" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1064,513,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA892B2787B062" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" box="[151,464,513,535]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA892B272BB062" box="[151,380,513,535]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Docophorus ambiguus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021AD892B2421B062" author="Giebel" box="[496,630,513,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel, 1874</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082022DD892B2559B062" author="Kellogg" box="[640,782,513,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1908) Mallophaga. In: Wytsman, P. (ed.) Genera Insectorum. Brussels. 66: 1 - 87, 3 pls." type="journal article" year="1908">Kellogg 1908</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820234A8928258DB062" box="[791,986,514,535]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Genera Insectorum</emphasis>
66: 10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA890A22F1B043" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1190,544,566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA890A27AEB040" authority="Giebel, 1874" authorityName="Giebel" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,505,544,566]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Degeeriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA890A273AB043" box="[151,365,544,566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Degeeriella ambigua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202129890A27AEB040" author="Giebel" box="[372,505,544,566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820225E890A24CFB043" author="Harrison" box="[515,664,544,566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Harrison, L. (1916) The genera and species of Mallophaga. Parasitology, 9, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1916">Harrison 1916</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022FC890A2550B043" box="[673,775,544,566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Parasitol.</emphasis>
9: 107 (as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820246A890B22CFB043" box="[1079,1176,545,566]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820246A890B22CFB043" box="[1079,1176,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">D. magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA891525FEB021" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,937,574,597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA891527FDB021" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" box="[151,426,574,597]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Degeeriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA89152701B020" box="[151,342,575,597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Degeeriella magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820219689142406B021" author="Giebel" box="[459,593,574,596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1861) Verzeichniss der von Chr. L. Nitzsch untersuchten Epizoen nach den Wohnthieren geordnet. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 18, 289 - 319." type="journal article" year="1861">Giebel, 1861</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202207891424B8B021" author="Harrison" box="[602,751,574,596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Harrison, L. (1916) The genera and species of Mallophaga. Parasitology, 9, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1916">Harrison 1916</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022A589152509B020" box="[760,862,575,597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Parasitol.</emphasis>
9: 117.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8977224CB007" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1051,605,627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8977274FB006" box="[151,280,605,627]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Philopeterus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820214389772469B007" authority="Giebel, 1847" authorityName="Giebel" authorityYear="1847" box="[286,574,605,627]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
[sic]
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820210F897727E3B006" box="[338,436,605,627]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">ambiguus</emphasis>
Giebel, 1847
</taxonomicName>
[sic].
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202220897724A5B007" author="Paine" box="[637,754,605,627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Paine, J. H. (1917) An asymmetrical bird-louse found on three different species of troupials. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 53, 231 - 232." type="journal article" year="1917">Paine 1917</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022A6897425EDB006" box="[763,954,605,627]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Proc U S Natl Mus</emphasis>
. 53: 231.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA8956258CB0E4" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,987,635,658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA89562416B0E4" authority="Giebel. Paine 1917" authorityName="Giebel. Paine" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,577,635,658]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA89562721B0E7" box="[151,374,636,658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Philopterus ambiguus</emphasis>
Giebel.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820219189512416B0E4" author="Paine" box="[460,577,635,657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Paine, J. H. (1917) An asymmetrical bird-louse found on three different species of troupials. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 53, 231 - 232." type="journal article" year="1917">Paine 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022178957255EB0E7" box="[586,777,636,658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Proc U S Natl Mus</emphasis>
. 53: pl. 32, figs a–d.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA89B02507B0C5" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,848,666,688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA89B0246AB0C5" authority="Nitzsch. Eichler 1936" authorityName="Nitzsch. Eichler" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,573,666,688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Degeeriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA89B02701B0C5" box="[151,342,666,688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Degeeriella magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021EA89B0246AB0C5" author="Eichler" box="[439,573,666,688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Eichler, W. (1936) Die biologie der Federlinge. Journal of Ornithology, 84, 471 - 505." type="journal article" year="1936">Eichler 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820221B89B124F9B0C5" box="[582,686,666,688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">J Ornithol</emphasis>
. 84: 486, fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA89932274B0BA" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1059,697,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA89932707B0BA" box="[151,336,697,719]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maga">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA89932707B0BA" box="[151,336,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons maga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nitzsch in Giebel).
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202278899324FDB0BA" author="Eichler" box="[549,682,697,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Eichler, W. (1938) Bizarrifrons nov. gen., eine bemerkenswerte asymmetrische Federlingsgattung von Icteriden. (Betrachtungen uber morphologische Besonderheiten bei Mallophagen. I.). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 124, 225 - 236." type="journal article" year="1938">Eichler 1938</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022E98993257FB0BA" box="[692,808,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Zoolog Anz</emphasis>
. 124: 227, figs 1, 2a, 3a.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA89F227E5B179" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA89F22441B09B" authority="Giebel, 1874" authorityName="Giebel" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,534,728,750]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA89F2272CB09B" box="[151,379,728,750]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons ambiguus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021DA89F22458B09B" author="Giebel" box="[391,527,728,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel, 1874</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820227D89F22556B09B" author="Hopkins" box="[544,769,728,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. London: Trustees of the British Museum. 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins &amp; Clay 1952</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820235789F22358B09B" box="[778,1295,728,750]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Check list of the genera and species of Mallophaga</emphasis>
: 50 (as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820211889D227F3B178" box="[325,420,760,781]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Degeeriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820211889D227F3B178" box="[325,420,760,781]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">B. magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA883F23CBB15E" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1436,789,811]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA883F270DB15E" box="[151,346,789,811]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA883F270DB15E" box="[151,346,789,811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nitzsch [in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202183883F243BB15E" author="Giebel" box="[478,620,789,811]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF9208202223883F2537B15E" author="Hopkins" box="[638,864,789,811]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. London: Trustees of the British Museum. 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins &amp; Clay 1952</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF9208202334883F2338B15E" box="[873,1391,789,811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Check list of the genera and species of Mallophaga</emphasis>
: 51.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA881F237CB13C" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1323,819,842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA881F27EAB13C" authority="Nitzsch, 1866" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,445,819,842]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA881F277DB13F" box="[151,298,821,842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch, 1866
</taxonomicName>
[sic].
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021A188192488B13C" author="Hopkins" box="[508,735,819,841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. London: Trustees of the British Museum. 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins &amp; Clay 1952</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022B5881E22A6B13F" box="[744,1265,820,842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Check list of the genera and species of Mallophaga</emphasis>
: 245.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA887926A3B1F2" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA887927EAB11D" authority="Nitzsch, 1866" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,445,850,872]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA88792772B11D" box="[151,293,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus majus</emphasis>
Nitzsch, 1866
</taxonomicName>
; misprint for
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF9208202215887924DDB11D" box="[584,650,851,872]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF9208202215887924DDB11D" box="[584,650,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082022CA8878252BB11D" author="Hopkins" box="[663,892,850,872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. London: Trustees of the British Museum. 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins &amp; Clay 1952</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082023DB887823C2B11D" box="[902,1429,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Check list of the genera and species of Mallophaga</emphasis>
: 245.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA88BA25E9B1D0" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,958,912,934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA88BA2457B1D3" authority="Nitzsch, 1866" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,512,912,934]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA88BA270DB1D3" box="[151,346,912,934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
(Nitzsch, 1866)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820225688BA255CB1D0" author="Cicchino" box="[523,779,912,934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Cicchino, A. C. &amp; Castro, D. C. (1998) Ischnocera. In: MORRONE, J. J. &amp; COSCARON, S. (Eds). Biodiversidad de Artropodos argentinos. La Plata, Ediciones Sur. p. 104 - 124." type="book chapter" year="1998">Cicchino &amp; Castro, 1998</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820234988BA25D3B1D3" box="[788,900,912,934]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Ischnocera">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820234988BA25D3B1D3" box="[788,900,912,934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Ischnocera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 117.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA888522CEB1B1" blockId="2.[151,1436,329,965]" box="[151,1177,942,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8885270DB1B0" box="[151,346,943,965]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8885270DB1B0" box="[151,346,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nitzsch [in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820218288842439B1B1" author="Giebel" box="[479,622,942,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082022228884257EB1B1" author="Price" box="[639,809,942,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. (Eds) The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24, pp. 1 - 448." type="journal article" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022E4889A24B1B1B0" box="[697,742,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820236F88852237B1B0" box="[818,1120,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Chewing lice: world checklist</emphasis>
: 152.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082020CA88DB23D9B6C8" blockId="2.[151,1437,1009,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
The spelling of the species epithet “
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820226588D824D6B67C" box="[568,641,1010,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820226588D824D6B67C" box="[568,641,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is preserved here invoking prevailing usage. However, it should be noted that the original correct spelling was “
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082022FC8F3C24B3B658" box="[673,740,1046,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022FC8F3C24B3B658" box="[673,740,1046,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">majus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” as published in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082023E98F3F2201B658" author="Giebel" box="[948,1110,1045,1069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel (1866)</bibRefCitation>
, because the name “
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082025148F3C26B7B624" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082025148F3C26B7B624" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” as published in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021ED8F132407B624" author="Giebel" box="[432,592,1081,1105]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1861) Verzeichniss der von Chr. L. Nitzsch untersuchten Epizoen nach den Wohnthieren geordnet. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 18, 289 - 319." type="journal article" year="1861">Giebel (1861)</bibRefCitation>
is clearly a
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082022B88F1025D1B624" box="[741,902,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">nomen nudum</emphasis>
and therefore invalid and unavailable.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820250C8F1326B6B600" author="Giebel" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Vogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. Nitzsch´s Nachlass bearbeilet, Otto Wigand. xiv + 308 pp. + XX pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel (1874)</bibRefCitation>
reverted the spelling to “
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820225D8F7424F3B600" box="[512,676,1118,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820225D8F7424F3B600" box="[512,676,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” and, inexplicably, listed it as a junior synonym of his new species
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF92082020CA8FAB27C2B6EC" box="[151,405,1153,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Docophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020CA8FAB27C2B6EC" box="[151,405,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Docophorus ambiguus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF92082021FF8FAB2402B6EC" author="Harrison" box="[418,597,1153,1177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Harrison, L. (1916) The genera and species of Mallophaga. Parasitology, 9, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1916">Harrison (1916)</bibRefCitation>
regarded the name
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF920820236D8FA8227AB6EC" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" box="[816,1069,1153,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820236D8FA82585B6EC" box="[816,978,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Nirmus magus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF920820240C8FAB22B7B6EC" author="Giebel" box="[1105,1248,1153,1177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1861) Verzeichniss der von Chr. L. Nitzsch untersuchten Epizoen nach den Wohnthieren geordnet. Zeitschrift fur die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 18, 289 - 319." type="journal article" year="1861">Giebel, 1861</bibRefCitation>
as a valid taxon, and his incorrect spelling of the species epithet – but not the date 1861 – has been used by all subsequent authors.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF920820209A8FE32759B43C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1009,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF920820209A8FE32503B697" bold="true" box="[199,852,1225,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Descriptions of immature stages. First nymphal instar.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF92082023A58FE3226CB694" box="[1016,1083,1225,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionTargetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
. Head roughly subconical with tips of the marginal carinae convergent, lacking dorso-anterior head plate. Preantennal region symmetric. Marginal and occipital carinae brownish, ventral carinae white. Scape and pedicel white, only flageromeres brownish. Pterothorax with 1 long seta on each side, situated about the mid-point of the posterior margin, plus a short spiniform seta on each postero-lateral angle. Without meso- or metasternal plates, or setae. Without paratergal and hemitergal plates. Tergal chaetotaxy (on each side): segments II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–VIII with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular setae; IX, with 2 long setae. Sternal chaetotaxy (on each side): 1 very short seta on II–VIII; 2 long and 1 very short setae on IX. Paratergal chaetotaxy: II–III without seta; IV–V, 1 very short seta; VI–VII, 1 long and 1 very short setae; VIII, 2 long and 1 short setae. Measurements (n = 3): POL, 0.13; POW, 0.23–0.24; TW, 0.32–0.33; HL, 0.30–0.32; PW, 0.20–0.23; MW, 0.28–0.29; AWV, 0.27–0.32; TL, 0.85–0.89.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF92082120948D7F252DB2A1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1009,2005]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF92082020948D7F27B5B41B" bold="true" box="[201,482,1621,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Second nymphal instar.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF92082022DE8D7F249FB418" box="[643,712,1621,1645]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionTargetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
. Head slightly pointed with tips of the marginal carinae parallel, the ventral carina only slightly surpassing the marginal carina as in adults. Dorso-anterior head plate present and square-like; ventro-anterior head plate small and cordiform. Preantennal region slightly asymmetric. Marginal and occipital carinae brownish, ventral carinae mostly white except on the tip of the head which is faintly brownish. Scape and pedicel white, only flageromeres brownish. Pterothorax with 4 (rarely 3) long setae on each side, plus a short spiniform seta on each postero-lateral angle. Without meso- or metasternal plates, but with 1 seta on each area corresponding to the meso- and metasternum. Paratergal plates of similar size and well pigmented present on segments II–VIII, with those on VIII slightly smaller. Without hemitergal plates. Tergal chaetotaxy (on each side): II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–VIII with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular setae; IX with 2 long setae. Sternal chaetotaxy (on each side): 1 seta on II–VIII, those on VI–VIII very short; 2 long and 1 short setae on IX. Paratergal chaetotaxy: II–III, without seta; IV–V with 1 long seta; VI–VII, 1 long and 1 short setae; VIII, 2 long and 1 short setae. Measurements (n = 2): POL, 0.19; POW, 0.30–0.31; TW, 0.42–0.43; HL, 0.40–0.42; PW, 0.26–0.28; MW, 0.37–0.38; AWV, 0.50–0.52; TL, 1.25–1.27.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3DC0FAAAFF93082120CA8FF827ABB753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF93082120CA8FF827ABB753" blockId="3.[151,1436,1234,1318]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF93082120CA8FF8276BB69D" bold="true" box="[151,316,1234,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF93082121198FF9245EB69C" box="[324,521,1235,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF93082121198FF9245EB69C" box="[324,521,1235,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF93082120948E6722C3B4B8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1357,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF93082120948E672785B713" bold="true" box="[201,466,1357,1382]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Third nymphal instar.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF930821222F8E6724E1B710" box="[626,694,1357,1381]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionTargetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
. Head distinctly pointed with tips of the marginal carinae parallel, the ventral carina surpassing the marginal carina. Dorso-anterior head plate present and square-like with anterior margin concave; ventro-anterior head plate small and roughly cordiform. Preantennal region asymmetric, less expressed as in adults. Pigmentation of head and thorax different from that of the adults, with marginal and occipital carinae brownish, the ventral carinae brownish only from the level of the a.v.s.3 to the frontal margin, the basal portion of this carina completely white. Scape and pedicel white, flageromeres brownish. Pterothorax with 7 (rarely 6) long seta on each side, plus a short spiniform seta on each postero-lateral angle. Without meso- or metasternal plates, but with 1 seta on each area corresponding to the meso- and metasternum. Paratergal plates of similar size and well pigmented on segments II–VIII, with those on VIII slightly smaller. Without hemitergal plates. Sternal chaetotaxy (on each side): 1 long seta on II–VI; 1 short seta on VII–VIII; 2 long plus 3 short setae on IX. Paratergal chaetotaxy: II–III without seta; IV–V with 2 setae; VI–VIII with 3 setae of various lengths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF93082120948DF3241FB528" blockId="3.[151,1436,1357,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">
Male tergal chaetotaxy (on each side) (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF93082122DF8DF3249FB484" box="[642,712,1753,1777]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionTargetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): segments II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–VI with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular seta; VII–VIII with 2 inner posterior setae and a postspiracular seta, very short on VIII; IX with 2 long setae. Measurements (n = 1): POL, 0.25; POW, 0.36; TW, 0.51; HL, 0.52; PW, 0.32; MW, 0.47; AWV, 0.57; TL, 1.50.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF93082120948C432759B598" blockId="3.[151,1436,1357,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">
Female tergal chaetotaxy (on each side) (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF93082122CE8C43248FB5F4" box="[659,728,1897,1921]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1234,1257]" captionTargetBox="[181,1418,258,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[165,1428,247,1238]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Bizarrifrons magus: first nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (1); second nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (2); metathorax and abdomen of male third nymphal instar, dorsal view (3); female third nymphal instar, dorso-ventral view (4). Only coxae and trochanters shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208836/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
): segments II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–VIII with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular setae; IX with 2 long setae. Measurements (n = 2): POL, 0.22–0.27; POW, 0.29–0.39; TW, 0.41–0.52; HL, 0.40–0.54; PW, 0.26–0.33; MW, 0.38–0.45; AWV, 0.51–0.55; TL, 1.32–1.53.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="3DC0FAAAFF94082620CA8C9A249CB590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF94082620CA8C9A249CB590" blockId="4.[151,1435,1968,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082620CA8C9A276CB5B0" bold="true" box="[151,315,1968,1991]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">FIGURES 5–8.</emphasis>
Adult male
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF94082621E18C9A24D7B5B3" box="[444,640,1968,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082621E18C9A24D7B5B3" box="[444,640,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5); adult female
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF94082623678C9B25CEB5B3" box="[826,921,1969,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082623678C9B25CEB5B3" box="[826,921,1969,1990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">B. magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6); adult male
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF94082624628C9A2321B5B3" box="[1087,1398,1968,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quasisymmetricus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082624628C9A2321B5B3" box="[1087,1398,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082625208C9B2694B591" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="40F8CB4BFF94082625208C9B2694B591" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(7); adult female
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF94082621258CFA241EB590" box="[376,585,2000,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quasisymmetricus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF94082621258CFA241EB590" box="[376,585,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">B. quasisymmetricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF940826220D8CE524F6B591" bold="true" box="[592,673,1999,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="40F8CB4BFF940826220D8CE524F6B591" box="[592,673,1999,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(8).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3DC0FAAAFF95082720CA8C8B2353B5CD" box="[151,1284,1953,1976]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[171,1410,233,1902]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF95082720CA8C8B2353B5CD" blockId="5.[151,1284,1953,1976]" box="[151,1284,1953,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF95082720CA8C8B2710B5C2" bold="true" box="[151,327,1953,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="33">FIGURES 9–10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF95082721108C8B2447B5CD" box="[333,528,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF95082721108C8B2447B5CD" box="[333,528,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="33">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3DC0FAAAFF96082420CA8C12242DB59D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF96082420CA8C12242DB59D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1848,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF96082420CA8C122703B538" bold="true" box="[151,340,1848,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="34">FIGURES 11–17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF96082421018C122477B53B" box="[348,544,1848,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF96082421018C122477B53B" box="[348,544,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="34">Bizarrifrons magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16).
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF960824257C8C7D26BBB5F9" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF960824257C8C7D26BBB5F9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="34">Bizarrifrons latifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF96082420AF8C5C2714B5FE" bold="true" box="[242,323,1910,1931]" pageId="6" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="40F8CB4BFF96082420AF8C5C2714B5FE" box="[242,323,1910,1931]" pageId="6" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a.d.s. = anterior dorsal seta; a.s. = anterior seta; a.v.s. = anterior ventral seta; d.sm.s = dorsal submarginal seta; md.s = mandibular seta; m.t.s. = marginal temporal seta; o.s. = ocular seta; po.s. = preocular seta; pa.s. = preantennal seta; pc.s. = preconal seta; pn.s. = postnodal seta; pt.s. = postemporal seta; v.sm. = ventral submarginal seta.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF970825209A8BBD2215B6B1" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF970825209A8BBD24FEB129" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF970825209A8BBD247BB2C5" bold="true" box="[199,556,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Redescription of adults. Male.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082522968BBD2547B2DA" box="[715,784,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Figs 5</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825231B8BBD2501B2DA" box="[838,854,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,233,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,215,1910]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 10. Bizarrifrons magus: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">9</figureCitation>
, coloration as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082524498BBD220FB2DA" box="[1044,1112,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
. Anterior portion of the head distinctly asymmetric (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082521C78B9627B5B2A1" box="[410,482,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Figs 5</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082522468B96247CB2A1" box="[539,555,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,233,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,215,1910]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 10. Bizarrifrons magus: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">9</figureCitation>
). Head shape and chaetotaxy similar to
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082523A98B962211B2A1" box="[1012,1094,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
. Conus long, but not reaching the distal margin of the scape. Antennal flagellomeres distinctly more pigmented than the pedicel, the latter slightly more pigmented than the scape. Pterothorax with the entire posterior margin brownish and with 7–8 setae on each side. Episterna II and III strongly pigmented. Tergites well developed, with their internal margins truncated, except for VII–VIII slightly pointed; with distinct pigmentation, except for large round areas around the spiracles. Postspiracular setae present on segments IV–VII, with alveoli only on IV and V. Tergal chaetotaxy uniform with some individual variation, as follows (on each side): II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–V with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular setae; VI with 2 inner posterior, 1 (rarely none) outer posterior and a postspiracular setae; VII with 5 outer posterior (rarely lacking or two on one side) and 1 postspiracular setae; VIII with 6 posterior and a trichobothrium latero-posterior; IX+X with 9–12 setae, 3 of them longer than the others. The postero-internal angle of tergites VII–IX+X distinctly bent downwards, sometimes also on VI in at least one side (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082524B2890E2360B049" box="[1263,1335,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,233,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,215,1910]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 10. Bizarrifrons magus: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Figs 9</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825252D890E23D8B049" box="[1392,1423,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">12</figureCitation>
). Two pairs of sclerites around the genital opening: 2 distal, large, sub-rounded to sub-square; the other 2 proximal, smaller and oblong in shape. Sternal plates on II–VI well developed, laterally rounded and pigmented. Sternal chaetotaxy (on each side): segments II–VI with 1 medium long setae, surpassing the plate in the next segment and reaching the following plate. Paratergal chaetotaxy: segments II–III without setae; IV–V, 2 setae (one male with only one on IV in both sides); VI–VIII, 3; IX+X, 4 (rarely 3 on one side). Genitalia as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825242C89FD2294B09A" box="[1137,1219,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
; subgenital plate as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082520EA89D6275BB161" box="[183,268,764,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
, without a fenestra. Measurements (n = 11): POL, 0.28–0.32; POW, 0.39–0.42; TW, 0.55–0.59; HL, 0.60–0.64; DPW, 0.11–0.13; PW, 0.31–0.36; MW, 0.48–0.53; AWV, 0.57–0.69; BAL, 0.22–0.24; PL, 0.12–0.15; GW, 0.13–0.14; GL, 0.34–0.37; TL, 1.80–1.95.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF970825209488422215B6B1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF970825209488422770B1F5" bold="true" box="[201,295,872,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Female.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825219A884D245BB10A" box="[455,524,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Figs 6</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825221F884D2437B10A" box="[578,608,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,233,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,215,1910]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 10. Bizarrifrons magus: adult male, dorso-ventral view (9); adult female, dorso-ventral view (10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">10</figureCitation>
, coloration as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825237D884D2533B10A" box="[800,868,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[261,1334,213,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[237,1351,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Adult male Bizarrifrons magus (5); adult female B. magus (6); adult male Bizarrifrons quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (7); adult female B. quasisymmetricus sp. nov. (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
. Head as in
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082523B1884D226AB10A" box="[1004,1085,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
. Similar to the male, but differing in the tergal chaetotaxy and terminal segments. Tergites IX+X medially fused, with a distinct shallow anterior notch in the midline. Tergal chaetotaxy (on each side): segments II–III with 1 innermost posterior seta; IV–VII with 1 innermost posterior seta and a postspiracular setae; VIII with 1 innermost posterior seta and a trichobothrium latero-posterior; IX+X with 4 setae, 2 of them small, only reaching the terminal plates, and 2 very long, reaching beyond the end of the abdomen. Postero-internal angle of each tergite II–VIII truncated, roughly square; tergite IX+X entirely pigmented. Subgenital plate tapering from its rectangular base (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF97082523A28F152206B622" box="[1023,1105,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
), with 2–5 small setae laterad on each side (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825216D8F4E27D4B609" box="[304,387,1124,1148]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Vulvar margin with 7–10 short marginal setae and 10–16 short spiniform submarginal setae, on each side (
<figureCitation id="F184B6A7FF970825216F8FA227D2B6D5" box="[306,389,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 17" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[217,1366,195,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 17. Bizarrifrons magus: female head, dorso-ventral view (11); male terminalia, dorso-ventral view (12); male genitalia (13); male subgenital plate (14); female subgenital plate (15); female terminalia, dorso-ventral view (16). Bizarrifrons latifrons sp. nov.: male genitalia (17). Abbreviations (from Clay 1951 and Mey 1994): a. d. s. = anterior dorsal seta; a. s. = anterior seta; a. v. s. = anterior ventral seta; d. sm. s = dorsal submarginal seta; md. s = mandibular seta; m. t. s. = marginal temporal seta; o. s. = ocular seta; po. s. = preocular seta; pa. s. = preantennal seta; pc. s. = preconal seta; pn. s. = postnodal seta; pt. s. = postemporal seta; v. sm. = ventral submarginal seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208839/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Measurements (n = 11): POL, 0.30–0.35; POW, 0.39–0.46; TW, 0.58–0.62; HL, 0.62–0.67; DPW, 0.11–0.13; PW, 0.34–0.38; MW, 0.48–0.55; AWV, 0.61–0.73; TL, 1.97–2.31.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF97082520948FFA2775B7E9" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF97082520948FFA2775B7E9" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF97082520948FFA276AB69D" bold="true" box="[201,317,1232,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</emphasis>
Although without a formal description,
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF97082523598FFA25C3B69D" author="Paine" box="[772,916,1232,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" refString="Paine, J. H. (1917) An asymmetrical bird-louse found on three different species of troupials. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 53, 231 - 232." type="journal article" year="1917">Paine (1917)</bibRefCitation>
noted that in the “very youngest stages” of
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF97082525D98FFB26B7B779" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF97082525D98FFB26B7B779" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">B. magus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the head is symmetric, only becoming asymmetric in the “succeeding” stages. We confirm that the preantennal region of nymph I is symmetric, and that a very discrete asymmetry appears in nymph II, reaching its maximum degree in nymph III and adults. The development of an asymmetric head in chewing lice has also been observed by
<bibRefCitation id="0D2ED7D3FF97082520CA8E4B274AB70D" author="Mey" box="[151,285,1376,1401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" refString="Mey, E. (1998) Zur taxonomie, Lebensweise und parasitophyletischen evidenz der federlingsgattung Struthiolipeurus sensu lato (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 74, 65 - 93." type="journal article" year="1998">Mey (1998)</bibRefCitation>
for the genus
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF97082521998E4A2511B70D" authority="Cummings, 1916" authorityName="Cummings" authorityYear="1916" box="[452,838,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Struthiolipeurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF97082521998E4A242EB70D" box="[452,633,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Struthiolipeurus</emphasis>
Cummings, 1916
</taxonomicName>
, where nymph I still retains its more primitive symmetric head.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21A5F9A9FF970825209A8E8D27DFB4C9" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6900AA22FF970825209A8E8D27DFB4C9" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF970825209A8E8D27E5B7B5" bold="true" box="[199,434,1447,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082521E78E822445B7B5" box="[442,530,1448,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082522118E8324EEB7B5" box="[588,697,1448,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
(FMNH-INS 28930, 28931, 28933), ex
<taxonomicName id="AEBFD1A1FF97082524D78E8223C2B7B5" box="[1162,1429,1448,1472]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Psarocolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decumanus">
<emphasis id="5BCB7630FF97082524D78E8223C2B7B5" box="[1162,1429,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">Psarocolius decumanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="11A8EAB2FF97082520CA8EE626B4B791" box="[151,227,1484,1508]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">PERÚ</collectingCountry>
: Madre de Dios, Hacienda Amazonia, near Atalaya,
<date id="1D018CE2FF97082523688EE625E0B791" box="[821,951,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-17">17.XI.1985</date>
, S.M. Lanyon coll. (host #1116).
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF970825256E8EE623D5B791" box="[1331,1410,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082525D38EE626A6B47D" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
, 1 nymph
<date id="1D018CE2FF97082521378EDB27F3B47D" box="[362,420,1520,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">III 3</date>
, 1 nymph III Ƥ, and 1 nymph II (FMNH-INS 28928), same data except,
<date id="1D018CE2FF97082524B18EC5233CB472" box="[1260,1387,1519,1543]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-10">10.XI.1985</date>
and host #1069.
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF970825217E8D3E2766B459" box="[291,305,1556,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">1</specimenCount>
male, 2 nymphs I, and 1 nymph III Ƥ (FMNH-INS 28934), same data except,
<date id="1D018CE2FF97082524E88D3E2363B459" box="[1205,1332,1556,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-12">12.XI.1985</date>
and host #1087.
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082520B18D1D26ADB43A" box="[236,250,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">1</specimenCount>
male (FMNH-INS 28929), same data except,
<date id="1D018CE2FF97082523568D1D252BB43A" box="[779,892,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-09">9.XI.1985</date>
and host #1061.
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF970825241F8D1D2207B43A" box="[1090,1104,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="female">1</specimenCount>
female (FMNH-INS 28932), same data except
<date id="1D018CE2FF970825213C8D762784B401" box="[353,467,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-05">5.XI.1985</date>
and host #1036.
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082522CA8D7624F2B401" box="[663,677,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">1</specimenCount>
male,
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082522A98D762533B401" box="[756,868,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, 1 nymph I, and 1 nymph II (FMNH-INS 28947), same data except
<date id="1D018CE2FF970825213E8D5527B5B4E2" box="[355,482,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" value="1985-11-21">21.XI.1985</date>
and host #1160. The slide FMNH-INS 28931, with
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082524608D5522C2B4E2" box="[1085,1173,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="7FB961ABFF97082524928D552317B4E2" box="[1231,1344,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="35" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, will be deposited in
<collectionCode id="0FAE32E7FF970825217B8D8E27D3B4C9" box="[294,388,1700,1724]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="35">MZUSP</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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