treatments-xml/data/A5/3B/87/A53B87E2FFCBF662FF32F91AFC7E83C4.xml

<document id="CB0016F269D662E4D0E3E9783B3654DA" ID-CLB-Dataset="9536" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8236cdde-2a32-4af1-bb69-404fec3f27c3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4283789" ID-ZooBank="7AAE442F-779B-40C6-ABD9-04BCB3B4777B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1605978108888" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas &amp; Navickaitė, Asta" docDate="2020" docId="A53B87E2FFCBF662FF32F91AFC7E83C4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4881.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4881 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella ziziphifolia Rociene &amp; Stonis 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="5D6AD8F5-D9A8-45DF-9972-028312298598" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="407" masterDocId="5902FF9AFFCEF664FFA5FFC5FFEB8701" masterDocTitle="Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent" masterLastPageNumber="452" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1698846468584" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="33FAA87399D1A6C5BD6A47F7AF8D26A5">Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C97CF29E2583F7221169B12075408FA9">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA9EF157CE9F3650AC68BC0BBFCFE465">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E3A0215215B4556E7E520B3A562912ED">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. &amp; remeikis. andrew @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9310 - 1112</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4C9F4B80D07A73D2A5A32B9AC89EBC63">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DC0B54518CEC53DA5DFD44673C6BAA4D">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. &amp; diskus. biotaxonomy @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0106 - 5546</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B2A9A4950C9060E550AC99E2CE084A54">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. &amp; anavickaite @ gmail. com, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3689 - 0503</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FF32F91AFD0A81FB" bold="true" box="[151,737,1759,1786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFCBF661FF32F91AFD9D81FB" authority="Rociene &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Rociene &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,630,1759,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziziphifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FF32F91AFE7C81FB" bold="true" box="[151,407,1759,1786]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Stigmella ziziphifolia</emphasis>
Rocienė &amp; Stonis
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="04D5579DFFCBF661FD26F925FD0A81FB" box="[643,737,1760,1786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFCBF661FF32F8C1FE2A801F" blockId="5.[151,957,1759,1859]" box="[151,449,1796,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
(
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFCBF661FF3AF8C1FEE8801F" box="[159,259,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–15" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,201,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[154,1434,181,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7–15. Leaf mines of new species of Nepticulidae. 7, 8, Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 9, 10, S. alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 11–13, S. pyramidata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 14, S. latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 15, S. paniculata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283793/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Figs 7, 8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFCBF661FEB5F8C1FEB3801F" box="[272,344,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–38" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,214,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[166,1422,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 29–38. Adults of new species of Nepticulidae. 29, 30, Stigmella alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov., holotype; 31, 32, Stigmella longa Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype; 33, S. ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, upper side; 34, same, underside; 35–37, S. damocles Remeikis, sp. nov., holotype; 38, S. latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov., holotype (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283797/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">33, 34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFCBF661FEC1F8C1FE51801F" box="[356,442,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">94–102</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FF32F8B5FEAD808B" bold="true" box="[151,326,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Type material</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="9DFA3CA9FFCBF661FEF9F8B5FAC580AF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2985231352" collectingDate="2010-08-16" collectionCode="ZIN" collectorName="A. Simkeviciute" country="India" latitude="30.421389" location="Dhanaulti" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="78.25139" municipality="Dehradun Distr." pageId="5" pageNumber="406" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Uttarakhand" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="3B94FD7DFFCBF661FEF9F8B5FE65808A" box="[348,398,1904,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="F2298856FFCBF661FE01F8B5FDE3808B" box="[420,520,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
&amp; 
<typeStatus id="F2298856FFCBF661FD99F8B4FD46808A" box="[572,685,1905,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
): 
<collectingCountry id="55857664FFCBF661FD62F8B5FCE8808B" box="[711,771,1904,1930]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">India</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="EF56F816FFCBF661FCB2F8B5FC4F808B" box="[791,932,1904,1930]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="CD49AC8EFFCBF661FC12F8B5FB9E808B" box="[951,1141,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Dehradun Distr.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="48A65033FFCBF661FAA9F8B5FA73808A" box="[1292,1432,1904,1931]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" precision="15" seconds="17" value="30.421389">30°25’17”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="48A65033FFCBF661FF32F851FEC880AE" box="[151,291,1940,1967]" degrees="78" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" precision="15" seconds="05" value="78.25139">78°15’05’’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="592C1034FFCBF661FE8AF851FE5280AF" box="[303,441,1940,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" value="2010-08-16">
<collectingDate id="4968E9DCFFCBF661FE8AF851FE5280AF" box="[303,441,1940,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" value="2010-08-16">16.viii.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="80675322FFCBF661FE66F851FD9280AE" box="[451,633,1940,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">A. Šimkevičiūtė</collectorName>
, genitalia slide nos AD130 (
<typeStatus id="F2298856FFCBF661FC1DF851FBCB80AE" box="[952,1056,1940,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), AG131, AG132 (
<collectionCode id="4B83AE31FFCBF661FB57F851FACD80AF" box="[1266,1318,1940,1966]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6588657FFFCBF662FF62F87DFBFF84EC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFCBF662FF62F87DFAA38688" blockId="5.[151,1436,1904,2039]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FF62F87DFEA980D3" bold="true" box="[199,322,1976,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFCBF661FEEDF87DFDDF80D3" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, 2020" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Navickaitė" authorityYear="2020" box="[328,564,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziziphifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FEEDF87DFDDF80D3" box="[328,564,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Stigmella ziziphifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FD9EF87DFD7F80D3" bold="true" box="[571,660,1976,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="04D5579DFFCBF661FD9EF87DFD7F80D3" box="[571,660,1976,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
belongs to the 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFCBF661FC98F87DFBF680D3" box="[829,1053,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lapponica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FC98F87DFBF680D3" box="[829,1053,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Stigmella lapponica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. Externally, and in the male genitalia, this new species is the most similar and obviously related to 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFCBF661FC05F819FBC180F7" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[928,1066,2012,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF661FC05F819FBC180F7" box="[928,1066,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">S. maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). However, 
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFCBF662FA8AF819FF2187B0" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">S. ziziphi-folia</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF77FF52FEC087B0" bold="true" box="[210,299,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sp. nov.</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FE65FF52FDAE87B0" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[448,581,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FE65FF52FDAE87B0" box="[448,581,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the long, slender lateral lobes of the vinculum (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FBDEFF52FB3687B0" box="[1147,1245,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
), unsplit, usually slender, caudal process of the gnathos (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FDF5FF7EFD3887D7" box="[592,723,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 94, 96</figureCitation>
), and the presence of some large, spine-like cornuti in the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FEA3FF1AFE7D87F8" box="[262,406,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 99, 102</figureCitation>
). This species also differs from 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FD5DFF1AFC6887F8" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[760,899,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FD5DFF1AFC6887F8" box="[760,899,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and all other species of the group in its biology: larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FEA4FEC6FE72861C" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Navickaitė" authorityYear="2020" box="[257,409,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziziphifolia">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FEA4FEC6FE72861C" box="[257,409,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. ziziphifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feed on 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FE59FEC6FD77861C" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[508,668,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Ziziphus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FE59FEC6FDB0861C" box="[508,603,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ziziphus</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FD02FEC6FCDD861C" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[679,822,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rhamnaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FCE2FEC6FC38861C" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[839,979,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FCE2FEC6FC38861C" box="[839,979,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FB9AFEC6FACB861C" authority="Medik." authorityName="Medik." box="[1087,1312,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cotoneaster" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FB9AFEC6FB23861C" box="[1087,1224,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Cotoneaster</emphasis>
Medik.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FAF3FEC6FF3A8640" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FAF3FEC6FA77861C" box="[1366,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Malus</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FF79FEE2FEA18640" box="[220,330,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
), produce slender leaf mines with an uninterrupted frass line (
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FC5EFEE2FB6D8640" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[1019,1158,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FC5EFEE2FB6D8640" box="[1019,1158,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produces gradually widening, often contorted leaf mines with an interrupted frass line). Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FBB3FE8EFB5B8664" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Navickaitė" authorityYear="2020" box="[1046,1200,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziziphifolia">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FBB3FE8EFB5B8664" box="[1046,1200,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. ziziphifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the humid subtropical habitats of the Himalaya, and 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FDCFFEAAFD1D8688" authorityName="Puplesis, in Puplesis" authorityYear="1994" box="[618,758,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maloidica">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FDCFFEAAFD1D8688" box="[618,758,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. maloidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in temperate, semi-arid areas in Central Asia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FE56FE9386D0" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FE56FEEF86AC" bold="true" box="[199,260,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FEB3FE56FE7586AC" box="[278,414,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–38" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,214,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[166,1422,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 29–38. Adults of new species of Nepticulidae. 29, 30, Stigmella alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov., holotype; 31, 32, Stigmella longa Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype; 33, S. ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, upper side; 34, same, underside; 35–37, S. damocles Remeikis, sp. nov., holotype; 38, S. latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov., holotype (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283797/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 33, 34</figureCitation>
). Known from three adults in pupal skin. Forewing length about 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FB33FE57FAC886AC" box="[1174,1315,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
; wingspan 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FF32FE72FEF586D0" box="[151,286,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="3.3">3.3–3.7 mm</quantity>
(n = 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FE1EFAA086F4" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,1355,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FE1EFEE086F4" box="[199,267,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Head.</emphasis>
Palpi golden cream; frontal tuft ochreous orange; collar and scape golden cream; flagellum grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FE3AFEDD8584" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FE3AFECB8518" box="[199,288,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Thorax.</emphasis>
Tegula, thorax and forewing covered with grey-black scales with some purple iridescence; fascia of forewing cream, median, sometimes interrupted in the middle; fringe dark grey; forewing underside black. Hindwing and fringe dark grey with some green and purple iridescence. Legs glossy golden cream with dark grey scales on upper side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FD4AFB00845C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FD4AFED285A8" box="[199,313,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Colour of scaling unknown. Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FD53FD4AFC6E85A8" box="[758,901,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 94–102</figureCitation>
) with capsule 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FB8CFD4BFB6B85A8" box="[1065,1152,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="275.0">275 µm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FB6DFD4BFAF485A8" box="[1224,1311,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
wide. Vin-culum with long and slender lateral lobes (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FDD3FD76FD3285CC" box="[630,729,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
). Uncus with two small triangular lobes (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FB0DFD76FAC085CF" box="[1192,1323,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 94, 96</figureCitation>
). Gnathos with one long, distinctly slender, apically pointed caudal process (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FCD8FD12FBEB85F3" box="[893,1024,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 94, 96</figureCitation>
); occasionally caudal process can be split. Valva (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FE86FD3EFE5B8414" box="[291,432,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 98, 101</figureCitation>
) about 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FDA1FD3FFDB18414" box="[516,602,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="155.0">155 µm</quantity>
long, with a slender and curved apical process; inner lobe of valva heavily papillated. Transtilla (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FE34FCDAFE0F8438" box="[401,484,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
) with short, triangular corners, without sublateral processes. Phallus (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FAA7FCDAFA7F8438" box="[1282,1428,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 99, 102</figureCitation>
) about 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FF79FC87FED8845C" box="[220,307,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 µm</quantity>
long; vesica with numerous tiny cornuti and some large, spine-like cornuti (
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FB2FFC86FB35845C" box="[1162,1246,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–102" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,198,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[160,1427,181,1895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 94–102. Male genitalia of Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 94, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130, capsule with phallus removed; 95, same, transtilla; 96, same, gnathos; 97, same, uncus, 98, same, valva; 99, same, cornuti; 100, paratype, genitalia slide no. AG131, capsule with phallus inside; 102, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AG130 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283815/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FCA2FE498480" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,418,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FCA2FEF58480" bold="true" box="[199,286,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Female</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FC4FFBFF84EC" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FC4FFEA884A5" bold="true" box="[199,323,906,932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Bionomics</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FEF4FC4EFE5884A4" box="[337,435,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–15" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,201,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[154,1434,181,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7–15. Leaf mines of new species of Nepticulidae. 7, 8, Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 9, 10, S. alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 11–13, S. pyramidata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 14, S. latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 15, S. paniculata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283793/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 7, 8</figureCitation>
). Host plant is 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FDFDFC4EFD1084A4" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[600,763,907,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Zizyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FDFDFC4EFD5784A4" box="[600,700,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Zizyphus</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FCA0FC4EFC7F84A4" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[773,916,907,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rhamnaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FC07FC4EFC0E84A4" box="[930,997,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–15" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,201,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[154,1434,181,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7–15. Leaf mines of new species of Nepticulidae. 7, 8, Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 9, 10, S. alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 11–13, S. pyramidata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 14, S. latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.; 15, S. paniculata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283793/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Larvae mine in leaves in August. Leaf mine is a long, slender gallery with an interrupted central line of black frass. Cocoon ochre-beige, 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FB7DFC6BFAB584C8" box="[1240,1374,942,969]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.8 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FF32FC17FF0684EC" box="[151,237,978,1005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
wide. Adults fly in late August and possibly over a much longer period.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6588657FFFC8F662FF62FC33FDC88334" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FC33FDC88334" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FC33FEB28311" bold="true" box="[199,345,1014,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Distribution</emphasis>
. Known only from a single locality in the western Himalaya (
<collectingRegion id="EF56F816FFC8F662FBB2FC32FB438310" box="[1047,1192,1015,1041]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
: Dhanaulti), at the elevation of ca. 
<quantity id="EA6A9B11FFC8F662FE93FBDEFE608334" box="[310,395,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="B5A92A71FFC8F662FE3FFBDEFE358334" box="[410,478,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,188,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[169,1419,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. A geographical map (courtesy of T. Patterson, USA) and new host plants of Nepticulidae. 1, localities in this study; 2, 3, Ototropis elegans (DC.) H. Ohashi &amp; K. Ohashi, Fabaceae, a host plant of Stigmella longa sp. nov.; 4, Viburnum cotinifolium D. Don., Adoxaceae, a host plant of Acalyptris nasutus sp. nov; 5, Ototropis sp., Fabaceae, a host plant of Stigmella pyramidata sp. nov.; 6, Spiraea canescens D. Don., Rosaceae, a host plant of Ectoedemia orbiculata sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283791/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
: 
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FE4EFBDEFDF18335" box="[491,538,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">wHi</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6588657FFFC8F662FF62FBFAFC7E83C4" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="2D2D36F4FFC8F662FF62FBFAFC7E83C4" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF62FBFAFEA38358" bold="true" box="[199,328,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name is derived from Latin name of the host plant 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FBB1FBFAFB988358" box="[1044,1139,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Ziziphus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FBB1FBFAFB988358" box="[1044,1139,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ziziphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in combination with Latin 
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FF32FBA6FF34837C" box="[151,223,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">folium</emphasis>
(a leaf), in reference to the feeding habit of the new species. Acording to E. J. van Nieukerken (pers. comm.), “there are many names ending in -foliae, but linguistically it is wrong. The Latin 
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FB8BFB42FB9D83A0" box="[1070,1142,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">folium</emphasis>
is neuter and has no 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FAC3FB42FF0883C4" form="ending" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="form">form ending</taxonomicName>
in 
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FEA2FB6EFECA83C5" box="[263,289,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">ae</emphasis>
”. Therefore we chose 
<taxonomicName id="EA924D77FFC8F662FDBAFB6EFD7083C4" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Navickaitė" authorityYear="2020" box="[543,667,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziziphifolia">
<emphasis id="1FE6EAE6FFC8F662FDBAFB6EFD7083C4" box="[543,667,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">ziziphifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>