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<mods:title id="0B01272BA062EB482890DCC741307535">Review of the genus Sorolopha Lower (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Olethreutinae) from Mainland China, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2CF9FF2E5EDE4587" ID-CoL="92MYP" authority="Lower, 1901" authorityName="Lower" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,436,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FF2E5EDE4587" bold="true" box="[151,436,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FF2E5E7E4587" bold="true" box="[151,276,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2D72FF2E5EDE4587" author="Lower" box="[284,436,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Lower, O. B. (1901) Descriptions of new genera and species of Australian Lepidoptera. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 25, 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="1901">Lower, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FF585EA845CE" blockId="1.[151,1228,225,504]" box="[151,450,225,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2CF9FF585ED545CE" ID-CoL="92MYP" authority="Lower, 1901: 73" authorityName="Lower" authorityPageNumber="73" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,447,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FF585E6F45CE" box="[151,261,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="845710BF6116897B2D62FF585ED545CE" author="Lower" box="[268,447,225,248]" page="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2D62FF585EFC45CE" author="Lower" box="[268,406,225,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Lower, O. B. (1901) Descriptions of new genera and species of Australian Lepidoptera. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 25, 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="1901">Lower, 1901</bibRefCitation>
: 73
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</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FEB85D71440E" blockId="1.[151,1228,225,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="DA4D880C6116897B2CF9FEB85FA6442E" box="[151,204,257,280]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2D43FEB85DCA442E" authority="Lower, 1901" authorityName="Lower" authorityYear="1901" box="[301,672,257,280]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyclotoma">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2D43FEB85D7A442E" box="[301,528,257,280]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha cyclotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2E78FEB85DCA442E" author="Lower" box="[534,672,257,280]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Lower, O. B. (1901) Descriptions of new genera and species of Australian Lepidoptera. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 25, 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="1901">Lower, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FE985E3A440E" box="[151,336,289,312]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Acanthothyspoda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2D38FE985E8B440E" author="Lower" box="[342,481,289,312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Lower, O. B. (1908) New Australian Tortricina. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 32, 318 - 324." type="journal article" year="1908">Lower, 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 319.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FEF85EDF444E" blockId="1.[151,1228,225,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="DA4D880C6116897B2CF9FEF85FA6446E" box="[151,204,321,344]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2D43FEF85DB1446E" authority="Lower, 1908" authorityName="Lower" authorityYear="1908" box="[301,731,321,344]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Acanthothyspoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeodes">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2D43FEF85D20446E" box="[301,586,321,344]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Acanthothyspoda elaeodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2E3FFEF85DB1446E" author="Lower" box="[593,731,321,344]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Lower, O. B. (1908) New Australian Tortricina. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 32, 318 - 324." type="journal article" year="1908">Lower, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy (subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2867FEF85BAA446E" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[1033,1216,321,344]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eudemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2867FEF85B0F446E" box="[1033,1125,321,344]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Eudemis</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FED85F82444E" box="[151,232,353,376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Alypeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2C80FED85E16444E" author="Turner" box="[238,380,353,376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" refString="Turner, A. J. (1916) New Australian Lepidoptera of the family Tortricidae. Transactions Royal Society of South Australia, 40, 498 - 536." type="journal article" year="1916">Turner, 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 528.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FE385E9744EE" blockId="1.[151,1228,225,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="DA4D880C6116897B2CF9FE385FA644AE" box="[151,204,385,408]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2D43FE385DE644AE" authority="Turner, 1916" authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1916" box="[301,652,385,408]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Alypeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delochlora">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2D43FE385E9344AE" box="[301,505,385,408]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Alypeta delochlora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2E6EFE385DE644AE" author="Turner" box="[512,652,385,408]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" refString="Turner, A. J. (1916) New Australian Lepidoptera of the family Tortricidae. Transactions Royal Society of South Australia, 40, 498 - 536." type="journal article" year="1916">Turner, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FE185F97448E" box="[151,253,417,440]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Alytopeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2D6AFE185ECA448E" author="Fletcher" box="[260,416,417,440]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Fletcher, T. B. (1929) A list of generic names used for Microlepidoptera. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture, India (Entomology), 11, i - ix, 1 - 246." type="journal article" year="1929">Fletcher, 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 10, incorrect spelling of
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2EDEFE185C6B448E" box="[688,769,417,440]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Alypeta</emphasis>
Turner.
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FE785E6444EE" box="[151,270,449,472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Choganhia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2D7AFE785EA944EE" author="Razowski" box="[276,451,449,472]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" refString="Razowski, J. (1960) The genitalia of some Asiatic Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) described by E. Meyrick. Polski Pismo Entomologica, 30, 381 - 396." type="journal article" year="1960">Razowski, 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 387.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FE585C8444CE" blockId="1.[151,1228,225,504]" box="[151,1006,481,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="DA4D880C6116897B2CF9FE585FA644CE" box="[151,204,481,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2D43FE585D8C44CE" authority="Meyrick, 1929" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1929" box="[301,742,481,504]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyroploce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphaerocopa">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2D43FE585D2A44CE" box="[301,576,481,504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Argyroploce sphaerocopa</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1929
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DEC65256116897B2CF9FD9E5F8441E5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CF9FD9E5C124666" blockId="1.[151,1437,551,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FD9E5E7B4777" bold="true" box="[151,273,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2D4FFD915EF64777" box="[289,412,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2D4FFD915EF64777" box="[289,412,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the following genitalia characters: in male the tegumen is narrow and high, somewhat triangular; the uncus is reduced, small and obtuse; the socius is long and clavate; the gnathos is a simple membranous band, weakly developed; the valva is slender but complicated, often with a distinct neck; the sacculus bears one or two spine clusters, protruding medially to an angulation in some species; the cucullus is expanded medially, with a triangular basal or median ventral prominence, or with a rectangular or obtuse ventral prominence distally; and the aedeagus is moderate in length or very long, curved. In female, the sterigma is funnel-shaped, often with anterior and lateral margins, aciculate; and the signum consists of a single horn or two small rounded patches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CABFCE45A4E46F2" blockId="1.[151,1437,551,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Most species of
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2DE6FCE45D684640" box="[392,514,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2DE6FCE45D684640" box="[392,514,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are easily distinguished by the green color and the dark, rounded postmedian fascia of the forewing, and by the long hair pencils at the lateral sides of the male abdomen. Detailed descriptions of the morphology of the genus were provided by
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2F16FC135B2F46F2" author="Diakonoff" box="[888,1093,938,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Diakonoff, A. (1973) The south Asiatic Olethreutini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Zoologische. Monographieen van het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, No. 1, 1 - 700." type="book chapter" year="1973">Diakonoff (1973)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2810FC135A4B46F2" author="Horak" box="[1150,1313,938,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Horak, M. (2006) Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Vol. 10: Olethreutinie moths of Australia. CSIRO publishing, Collingwood, 1 - 528." type="journal article" year="2006">Horak (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054936AE6116897B2CABFC685F8441E5" blockId="1.[151,1437,551,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Based on the structure of the valva and the socius in male genitalia and the signum in the female genitalia,
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B2CF9FC415E014124" author="Diakonoff" box="[151,363,1016,1042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="13" refString="Diakonoff, A. (1973) The south Asiatic Olethreutini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Zoologische. Monographieen van het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, No. 1, 1 - 700." type="book chapter" year="1973">Diakonoff (1973)</bibRefCitation>
divided the genus into six species groups: the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2FCDFC415B754127" box="[931,1055,1016,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyclotoma">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2FCDFC415B754127" box="[931,1055,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">cyclotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B28C4FC415A724127" box="[1194,1304,1016,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liochlora">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B28C4FC415A724127" box="[1194,1304,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">liochlora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2CF9FBA65E6E410E" box="[151,260,1055,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbifera">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FBA65E6E410E" box="[151,260,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">herbifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2DE5FBA65D4B410E" box="[395,545,1055,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyroploce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphaerocopa">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2DE5FBA65D4B410E" box="[395,545,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">sphaerocopa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2EC7FBA65D96410E" box="[681,764,1055,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bryana">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2EC7FBA65D96410E" box="[681,764,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">bryana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and the
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2FC1FBA65B70410E" box="[943,1050,1055,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stygiaula">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2FC1FBA65B70410E" box="[943,1050,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">stygiaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. The presence of terminal spines on the socius is considered a synapomorphy for
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2F52FBFC5CD34168" box="[828,953,1093,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2F52FBFC5CD34168" box="[828,953,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2F9BFBFC5F8B41B0" authority="Falkovitch (Razowski 1989)" authorityName="Falkovitch (Razowski" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eudemopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2F9BFBFC5BED4168" box="[1013,1159,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Eudemopsis</emphasis>
Falkovitch (
<bibRefCitation id="61674B5F6116897B294DFBFC5FB341B0" author="Razowski" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" refString="Razowski, J. (1989) The genera of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) Part II: Palaearctic Olethreutinae. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 32 (7), 107 - 328, 576 figs." type="journal article" year="1989">Razowski 1989</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Because females of several Chinese species are unknown, it is difficult to place all of the Chinese
<taxonomicName id="C2F64D2D6116897B2CF9FB2A5E79419A" box="[151,275,1171,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sorolopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782EABC6116897B2CF9FB2A5E79419A" box="[151,275,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sorolopha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Diakonoffs groups. Hence, we do not attempt to assign these species to Diakonoffs (1973) groups.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>