662 lines
94 KiB
XML
662 lines
94 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="48B89837CFDECD39BCFDFCD23D24E9B8">Rectifying the identities of the males of two Micrathena species (Araneae Araneidae), with report of the first case of intersexuality in the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9620010C34C753C8B6160B14C23F286B">Alvarenga, Alessandra Da Silva De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA12E20A9693377E749BE102D3E6BBE7">Laboratório Integrado de Ciências Morfofuncionais - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM, Macaé, RJ Av. São José do Barreto, 764, Zip Code: 27920 - 560.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A16FB7CD5F080B1F2A3C5F9A5433F46">Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4457C8EEE01D4E05FF1715CF26AE9403">División de Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales-CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="203E884031C2710AAB2FE6759304EA14">Fonseca, Rodrigo Nunes Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E1B3546B4970B108FDC06B8542C9459">Laboratório Integrado de Ciências Morfofuncionais - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM, Macaé, RJ Av. São José do Barreto, 764, Zip Code: 27920 - 560.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE50D9432607B500E2D490003681FBAB">Pérez-González, Abel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75EE8C88156EDC814AF718459DB18F4E">División de Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales-CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="81D197AF14493F188109B3226279DF6D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FC472DD9C060597F94703B49344A9544">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="182C406EB84ED705E865E250D31CF833">2020-07-01</mods:number>
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<heading id="C40981B0A97D004FFF431293FD5CFE61" bold="true" box="[151,646,441,468]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF431293FD5CFE61" ID-CoL="42R2M" authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1945)" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[151,646,441,468]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF431293FD5CFE61" bold="true" box="[151,646,441,468]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF431293FE5BFE66" bold="true" box="[151,385,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFE441293FDA4FE61" author="Mello-Leitao, C. F." box="[400,638,441,467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="261 - 267" refId="ref6948" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1945) Tres novas especies de Gasteracanthinae e notas sobre a subfamilia. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 17, 261 - 267." type="journal article" year="1945">Mello-Leitão, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97D004FFF4312F7FE8DFE4A" box="[151,343,477,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF4312F7FE8DFE4A" blockId="4.[151,646,441,504]" box="[151,343,477,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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(
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<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFF4B12F7FF32FE45" box="[159,232,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,453,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFF2012F7FED9FE45" box="[244,259,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[257,1349,597,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[238,1349,597,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, male left palps. A, prolateral. B, Subretrolateral. C–D, male (UFRJ 1519). C, retrolateral. D, prolateral, clove oil cleared. Scale bars, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928026/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFEC412F7FEEEFE45" box="[272,308,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">4A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFE9412F7FE94FE4A" box="[320,334,477,504]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1744,1769]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,153,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,151,1738]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrathena ruschii, intersexual individual from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (MACN-Ar 41529, IFM-1948 voucher). A, habitus, ventral. B, anterior legs and carapace, subanterior. C, ventral. D, palps, dorsal view. E, right palp, sublateral. F, genital opening, ventral. Scale bars, 1 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D); 0.1 mm (E–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928030/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97D004FFF431108FE2DFD07" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF431108FDAAFDEA" blockId="4.[151,1436,545,693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BFEE11F2A97D004FFF431108FDAAFDEA" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<treatmentCitation id="1E5F10CDA97D004FFF431108FD8FFD88" author="Mello-Leitao, C. F." box="[151,597,545,570]" page="266" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" year="1945">
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<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF431108FD8FFD88" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1945: 266" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityPageNumber="266" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,597,545,570]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Acrosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF431108FE96FD88" box="[151,332,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Acrosoma ruschii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFE81110BFD8FFD88" author="Mello-Leitao, C. F." box="[341,597,545,570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="261 - 267" refId="ref6948" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1945) Tres novas especies de Gasteracanthinae e notas sobre a subfamilia. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 17, 261 - 267." type="journal article" year="1945">Mello-Leitão, 1945: 266</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 7–9. [First synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFC061108FB11FD88" ID-CoL="42R3K" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[978,1227,546,570]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFC061108FB11FD88" box="[978,1227,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena triangularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<treatmentCitation id="1E5F10CDA97D004FFB22110BFA42FD88" author="Levi, H. W." box="[1270,1432,545,570]" page="512" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFB22110BFA42FD88" author="Levi, H. W." box="[1270,1432,545,570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="429 - 618" refId="ref6563" refString="Levi, H. W. (1985) The spiny orb-weaver genera Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 150, 429 - 618." type="journal article" year="1985">Levi 1985: 512</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, revalidated by
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFE8A116AFDB0FDEA" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." box="[350,618,576,601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref6602" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2011) Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spiders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata. Zootaxa, 2983, 39 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2983.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Magalhães & Santos 2011</bibRefCitation>
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]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF431175FA89FDC5" blockId="4.[151,1436,545,693]" box="[151,1363,606,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BFEE11F2A97D004FFF431175FA89FDC5" box="[151,1363,606,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<treatmentCitation id="1E5F10CDA97D004FFF431175FD64FDC5" author="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J." box="[151,702,607,631]" page="334" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" year="2004">
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<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF431175FD64FDC5" ID-CoL="42QW4" authority="Gonzaga & Santos, 2004: 332 - 334" authorityName="Gonzaga & Santos" authorityPageNumber="332 - 334" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,702,607,631]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicuta">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF431175FE88FDC5" box="[151,338,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena cicuta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFE8C1175FD64FDC5" author="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J." box="[344,702,607,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="332 - 335" refId="ref6411" refString="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J. (2004) A new species and a new synonymy in the spiny orb-weaver spider genus Micrathena (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Arachnology, 32, 332 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / H 03 - 35" type="journal article" year="2004">Gonzaga & Santos, 2004: 332–334</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 1–5. [Synonymy established by
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFB941174FA96FDC5" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." box="[1088,1356,606,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref6602" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2011) Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spiders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata. Zootaxa, 2983, 39 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2983.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Magalhães & Santos 2011</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF431154FE2DFD07" blockId="4.[151,1436,545,693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF431154FDA7FD24" ID-CoL="42R2M" authority=": Magalhaes & Santos 2011" authorityName="Magalhaes & Santos" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,637,637,662]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
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||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF431154FE86FD24" box="[151,348,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFEB81157FDA7FD24" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." box="[364,637,637,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref6602" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2011) Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spiders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata. Zootaxa, 2983, 39 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2983.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Magalhães & Santos 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
|
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFD591154FD0BFD27" box="[653,721,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">partim</emphasis>
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||
, only the females specimens examined]: 46–48, [males, figs. 17–19, misidentified after this work].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF4311C9FD13FCF7" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
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<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF4311C9FE92FD4F" bold="true" box="[151,328,738,765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Type material:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFE8511C9FD24FD4F" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1945" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1945" box="[337,766,738,765]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Acrosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFE8511C9FDCDFD4F" box="[337,535,739,765]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Acrosoma ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97D004FFDCB11C9FD24FD4F" box="[543,766,738,765]" collectingDate="2018-09-02" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" elevation="655" latitude="-19.916666" location="Santa Tereza" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="-40.583332" municipality="Examined" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" specimenCode="MNRJ 2566, MNRJ 4255" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFDCB11C9FD24FD4F" author="Mello-Leitao, C. F." box="[543,766,738,765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="261 - 267" refId="ref6948" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1945) Tres novas especies de Gasteracanthinae e notas sobre a subfamilia. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 17, 261 - 267." type="journal article" year="1945">Mello-Leitão, 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Female
|
||
<typeStatus id="4045887EA97D004FFCB111C9FC16FD4F" box="[869,972,739,765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97D004FFC0011C9FB85FD4F" box="[980,1119,738,765]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">MNRJ 2566</specimenCode>
|
||
and three female
|
||
<typeStatus id="4045887EA97D004FFAF811C9FF08FC93" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97D004FFF0D102DFEBCFC93" box="[217,358,774,801]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">MNRJ 4255</specimenCode>
|
||
, from
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97D004FFE7A102DFDE7FC93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97D004FFE7A102DFDE7FC93" box="[430,573,775,801]" country="Brazil" latitude="-19.916666" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="-40.583332" municipality="Examined" name="Santa Tereza" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Santa Tereza</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FACA501BA97D004FFD9F102CFD7DFC93" box="[587,679,774,801]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" precision="925" value="-19.916666">19º55’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FACA501BA97D004FFD7A102CFCC9FC93" box="[686,787,774,801]" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" precision="925" value="-40.583332">40º35’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="14D3D1EFA97D004FFCCA102CFC78FC93" box="[798,930,774,801]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" unit="m" value="655.0">
|
||
<quantity id="58069B39A97D004FFCCA102CFCBFFC93" box="[798,869,774,801]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" unit="m" value="655.0">655 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFC63102DFB80FC93" box="[951,1114,775,801]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA97D004FFBB0102DFB76FC93" box="[1124,1196,775,801]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7F25ACA6A97D004FFB63102DFAF3FC93" box="[1207,1321,775,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Examined</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
by ILFM, destroyed in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="F9EFAE19A97D004FFE851001FE46FCF7" box="[337,412,811,837]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
fire of
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97D004FFE3B1001FD1CFCF7" box="[495,710,811,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" value="2018-09-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97D004FFE3B1001FD1CFCF7" box="[495,710,811,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" value="2018-09-02">September 2, 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF131065FD59FC03" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF131065FD65FCDB" authority="Gonzaga & Santos, 2004" authorityName="Gonzaga & Santos" authorityYear="2004" box="[199,703,847,873]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF131065FE4CFCDB" box="[199,406,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena cicuta</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97D004FFE4B1065FD65FCDB" box="[415,703,847,873]" collectingDate="2010-05" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" county="Butantan" elevation="390" latitude="-22.516666" location="Area de Relevante Interesse Ecologico Floresta da Cicuta" longLatPrecision="1259" longitude="-44.116665" municipality="Not" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" specimenCode="IBSP 36322" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFE4B1065FD65FCDB" author="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J." box="[415,703,847,873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="332 - 335" refId="ref6411" refString="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J. (2004) A new species and a new synonymy in the spiny orb-weaver spider genus Micrathena (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Arachnology, 32, 332 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / H 03 - 35" type="journal article" year="2004">Gonzaga & Santos, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Female
|
||
<typeStatus id="4045887EA97D004FFCF11065FC5DFCDB" box="[805,903,847,873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97D004FFC441065FBC2FCDB" box="[912,1048,847,873]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">IBSP 36322</specimenCode>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97D004FFB8B1064FE07FC3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97D004FFB8B1064FE07FC3F" country="Brazil" county="Butantan" latitude="-22.516666" longLatPrecision="1259" longitude="-44.116665" municipality="Not" name="Area de Relevante Interesse Ecologico Floresta da Cicuta" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico Floresta da Cicuta</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97D004FFE3C1059FD57FC3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97D004FFE3C1059FD57FC3F" box="[488,653,883,909]" country="Brazil" county="Butantan" latitude="-22.516666" longLatPrecision="1259" longitude="-44.116665" municipality="Not" name="Volta Redonda" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Volta Redonda</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FACA501BA97D004FFD4E1059FD2CFC3F" box="[666,758,883,909]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" precision="925" value="-22.516666">22º31’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FACA501BA97D004FFD291059FC89FC3F" box="[765,851,883,909]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="7" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" precision="925" value="-44.116665">44º7’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="14D3D1EFA97D004FFC8A1059FC38FC3F" box="[862,994,882,909]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" unit="m" value="390.0">
|
||
<quantity id="58069B39A97D004FFC8A1059FC7FFC3F" box="[862,933,883,909]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFC231059FB41FC3F" box="[1015,1179,883,909]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA97D004FFB721059FB34FC3F" box="[1190,1262,883,909]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7F25ACA6A97D004FFB2C1059FAF8FC3F" box="[1272,1314,883,909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Not</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
examined, destroyed in the
|
||
<collectingCounty id="76204E50A97D004FFE8510BDFE6CFC03" box="[337,438,919,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Butantan</collectingCounty>
|
||
fire of
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97D004FFDDD10BDFD5AFC03" box="[521,640,919,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" value="2010-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97D004FFDDD10BDFD5AFC03" box="[521,640,919,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" value="2010-05">May 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF131090FBB8FB1C" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF131090FE2AFC67" bold="true" box="[199,496,954,981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Male-female association:</emphasis>
|
||
Since 2011, three male specimens (listed below;
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFBC81091FBB9FC67" box="[1052,1123,955,981]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,453,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFBA41091FBA5FC67" box="[1136,1151,955,981]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[257,1349,597,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[238,1349,597,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, male left palps. A, prolateral. B, Subretrolateral. C–D, male (UFRJ 1519). C, retrolateral. D, prolateral, clove oil cleared. Scale bars, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928026/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFB581091FB75FC67" box="[1164,1199,955,981]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) have been observed and collected on webs of females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFDE610F5FB72FC4B" authority="in Parque Municipal Atalaia, Macae" authorityName="in Parque Municipal Atalaia, Macae" box="[562,1192,991,1017]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFDE610F5FCD0FC4B" box="[562,778,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
in Parque Municipal Atalaia, Macaé
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFB6010F5FA43FC4B" box="[1204,1433,991,1017]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Rio de Janeiro State</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The neighbor-joining dendrogram based on a COI fragment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFC9F1729FC56FBAF" box="[843,908,1027,1053]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1983,2008]" captionTargetBox="[210,1384,183,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[199,1388,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sequence similarity among selected Micrathena COI sequences inferred using the neighbor-joining method. Nodal support estimated with bootstrap (1000 replicates) shown next to the branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928022/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) confirms the conspecificity of male (A6) and female (A5) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFE951702FDD9FBF3" box="[321,515,1063,1089]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ruschii" subSpecies="collect">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFE951702FDD9FBF3" box="[321,515,1063,1089]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. ruschii collect</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ed in Macaé (with 94% bootstrap support) and with a female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFB141702FA58FBF3" box="[1216,1410,1063,1089]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ruschii" subSpecies="collect">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFB141702FA58FBF3" box="[1216,1410,1063,1089]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. ruschii collect</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ed in Itatiaia,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFEDB1761FE75FBD7" box="[271,431,1099,1125]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
(99% bootstrap support). The male of M. rusch
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFC151766FC0BFBD7" box="[961,977,1100,1125]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">ii</emphasis>
|
||
described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFBB11761FA46FBD7" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." box="[1125,1436,1099,1125]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref6602" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2011) Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spiders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata. Zootaxa, 2983, 39 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2983.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Magalhães & Santos (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFDA11745FCC1FB3B" box="[629,795,1135,1161]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA97D004FFCF31745FCB4FB3B" box="[807,878,1135,1161]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, should be considered a misidentification and the specific identity of this specimen remains unknown (see Discussion below for details).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97D004FFF13179CFCE5FA7F" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF13179CFEECFA1B" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF13179CFE9EFB63" bold="true" box="[199,324,1206,1233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFE681792FDE8FB63" box="[444,562,1207,1233]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFE681792FDE8FB63" box="[444,562,1207,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFC1D179DFBD3FB63" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[969,1033,1207,1233]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plana">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFC1D179DFBD3FB63" box="[969,1033,1207,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">plana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFBB31792FB7FFB63" box="[1127,1189,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFB7B179DFF0BFB47" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="14 - 53" refId="ref6670" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2012) Phylogenetic analysis of Micrathena and Chaetacis spiders (Araneae: Araneidae) reveals multiple origins of extreme sexual size dimorphism and long abdominal spines. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166 (1), 14 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00831. x" type="journal article" year="2012">Magalhães & Santos 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in having a rounded thoracic region, an abdomen with two dark bands in the lateral sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFB3917F1FA93FB47" box="[1261,1353,1243,1269]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,453,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a drop-shaped projection in the terminal apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFD1F17D5FCFFFAAB" box="[715,805,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
: tap). They can be further diagnosed by the combination of an acuminate tip of the terminal apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFD771609FD24FA8F" box="[675,766,1315,1341]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
: ta,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFCFF160EFC90FA8F" box="[811,842,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
rounded in most other species), a rounded margin of the rim of the median apophysis [
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFDC0166DFDABFAD3" box="[532,625,1351,1377]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
: m,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFD751662FD65FAD3" box="[673,703,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
more square or hook-shaped in
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFBFA1662FB8DFAD3" box="[1070,1111,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFB8B1662FA47FAD0" authority="(C. L. Koch)" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1119,1437,1351,1378]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFB8B1662FAD1FAD3" box="[1119,1291,1351,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
(C.L. Koch)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFF621646FE0FFA37" authority="(C. L. Koch)" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[182,469,1386,1413]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF621646FE9AFA37" box="[182,320,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
(C.L. Koch)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], and a slender paramedian apophysis [
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFC591641FC30FA37" box="[909,1002,1387,1413]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
: pm,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFBF31646FB9CFA37" box="[1063,1094,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
widened in
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFB051646FB23FA37" box="[1233,1273,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97D004FFAD51646FEF1FA1B" authority="(Keyserling)" baseAuthorityName="Keyserling" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFAD51646FA46FA37" box="[1281,1436,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">M. brevispina</emphasis>
|
||
(Keyserling)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF131699FCE5FA7F" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" box="[199,831,1459,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
|
||
For the female diagnosis, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97D004FFDC01699FCE1FA7F" author="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J." box="[532,827,1459,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="332 - 335" refId="ref6411" refString="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J. (2004) A new species and a new synonymy in the spiny orb-weaver spider genus Micrathena (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Arachnology, 32, 332 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / H 03 - 35" type="journal article" year="2004">Gonzaga & Santos (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97D004DFF1316FCFD3BFF01" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97D004FFF1316FCFDEDF877" blockId="4.[151,1437,738,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97D004FFF1316FCFE81FA43" bold="true" box="[199,347,1494,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Male from Macaé,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97D004FFD9516FDFD31FA43" box="[577,747,1495,1521]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA97D004FFD2C16FDFCE6FA43" box="[760,828,1495,1521]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(UFRJ 1519),
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFC3F16FDFBE8FA43" box="[1003,1074,1495,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,453,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, 3, 4A. Carapace rounded, thoracic fovea a shallow, rounded pit. Coxal hook present, small. Leg macrosetae: ~7 macrosetae apically on femur I, ~4 apically on femur II, 1 retrolaterally on patellae I–II, 1 proventrally on tibia I. Abdomen rectangular, slightly wider anteriorly, tubercles absent. Coloration: carapace orange, with brown orange bands on lateral sides. Sternum, labium, endites and chelicerae orange. Legs brownish orange. Abdomen dorsum brownish cream, brown on the sides and posterior end, with two faint transverse markings; venter brownish cream with brown pigment on the sides and posteriorly to the spinnerets. Total length 4.63. Carapace length 2.04, width 1.63. Abdomen length 2.84, width 1.34. Leg I: femur (fe) 1.81, patella (pa) 0.55, tibia (ti) 1.24, metatarsus (mt) 1.07, tarsus (ta) 0.52. II: fe 1.49, pa 0.50, ti 0.90. III: fe 0.90, pa 0.31, ti 0.50. IV: fe 1.85, pa 0.38, ti 0.97, mt 1.10, ta 0.51. Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFB1E15DDFACBF8A3" box="[1226,1297,1783,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[257,1349,597,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[238,1349,597,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, male left palps. A, prolateral. B, Subretrolateral. C–D, male (UFRJ 1519). C, retrolateral. D, prolateral, clove oil cleared. Scale bars, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928026/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97D004FFAC915DDFA9EF8A3" box="[1309,1348,1783,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palpal tibia unmodified. Paracymbium large, bilobed, otherwise unmodified. Median apophysis large, composed of a large, bent, rounded rim; a gently curved lobe; and a sclerotized basal projection partially fused to the radix. Paramedian apophysis digitiform. Conductor folded, sclerotized; lobe absent. Terminal apophysis partially fused to the embolus and covering most of it, sclerotized, ending in a sharp tip, and bearing an unsclerotized drop-shaped projection. Embolus short, ending in a broad tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A97C004EFF431495FC6FF84E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928022/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" startId="5.[151,250,1983,2008]" targetBox="[210,1384,183,1946]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97C004EFF431495FC6FF84E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1983,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97C004EFF431495FEC8F86A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1983,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Sequence similarity among selected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97C004EFD531495FD27F865" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[647,765,1983,2007]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97C004EFD531495FD27F865" box="[647,765,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Micrathena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
COI sequences inferred using the neighbor-joining method. Nodal support estimated with bootstrap (1000 replicates) shown next to the branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97F004DFF1313B3FD3BFF01" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,431]" box="[199,737,153,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Female described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97F004DFE6213B3FD07FF01" author="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J." box="[438,733,153,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="332 - 335" refId="ref6411" refString="Gonzaga, M. O. & Santos, A. J. (2004) A new species and a new synonymy in the spiny orb-weaver spider genus Micrathena (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Arachnology, 32, 332 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / H 03 - 35" type="journal article" year="2004">Gonzaga & Santos (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97F004DFF131396FDE0FED5" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97F004DFF131396FDE0FED5" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFF131396FE6CFF65" bold="true" box="[199,438,188,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFE141397FB2CFF65" box="[448,1270,189,215]" collectingDate="2011-07-07" country="Brazil" location="Parque Municipal Atalaia" municipality="Macae" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA97F004DFE141397FDF3FF65" box="[448,553,189,215]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA97F004DFDE31397FD39FF65" box="[567,739,189,215]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7F25ACA6A97F004DFD251397FCE6FF65" box="[753,828,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Macaé</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97F004DFC991397FBAFFF65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97F004DFC991397FBAFFF65" box="[845,1141,189,215]" country="Brazil" municipality="Macae" name="Parque Municipal Atalaia" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Parque Municipal Atalaia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97F004DFB571397FB2CFF65" box="[1155,1270,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2011-07-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97F004DFB571397FB2CFF65" box="[1155,1270,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2011-07-07">7.vii.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, A. Alvarenga leg.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFF0413CBFC9FFF49" box="[208,837,224,251]" collectingDate="2012-06-18" country="Brazil" location="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCode="MACN-Ar 41526" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFF0413CBFF21FF49" box="[208,251,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFED013CBFEF5FF49" box="[260,303,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97F004DFEEB13CBFDD5FF49" box="[319,527,224,251]" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">MACN-Ar 41526</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97F004DFDF713CBFDBBFF49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97F004DFDF713CBFDBBFF49" box="[547,609,225,251]" country="Brazil" name="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Same</location>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97F004DFD1F13CBFC9FFF49" box="[715,837,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2012-06-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97F004DFD1F13CBFC9FFF49" box="[715,837,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2012-06-18">18.vi.2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, A. Alvarenga leg.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFBFC13CBFCDFFEAD" collectingDate="2010-01-10" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="J. M. Guimaraes" country="Brazil" location="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFBFC13CBFB8EFF49" box="[1064,1108,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFB8813CBFB5DFF49" box="[1116,1159,225,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="F9EFAE19A97F004DFB4C13CBFB33FF49" box="[1176,1257,225,251]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97F004DFB2813CBFAE0FF49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97F004DFB2813CBFAE0FF49" box="[1276,1338,225,251]" country="Brazil" name="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Same</location>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97F004DFF43122FFED9FEAD" box="[151,259,261,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2010-01-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97F004DFF43122FFED9FEAD" box="[151,259,261,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2010-01-10">10.i.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA97F004DFEDA122FFE1DFEAD" box="[270,455,261,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">J. M. Guimarães</collectorName>
|
||
, 1 intersexual individual and
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFCDF122FFDE2FEF1" collectingDate="2010-07-09" country="Brazil" location="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCode="MACN-Ar 41529" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFCDF122FFCEEFEAD" box="[779,820,261,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97F004DFC95122FFBD6FEAD" box="[833,1036,260,287]" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">MACN-Ar 41529</specimenCode>
|
||
, IFM-1948 voucher).
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97F004DFB2B122FFAE7FEAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97F004DFB2B122FFAE7FEAD" box="[1279,1341,261,287]" country="Brazil" name="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Same</location>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97F004DFF431203FED1FEF1" box="[151,267,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2010-07-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97F004DFF431203FED1FEF1" box="[151,267,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2010-07-09">9.vii.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, biology class students
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFDC21203FDE2FEF1" box="[534,568,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">leg</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFD9A1203FE83FED5" collectingDate="2009-06-26" collectionCode="UFRJ" collectorName="R. L. C. Baptista" country="Brazil" location="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCode="UFRJ 1518" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFD9A1203FDA3FEF1" box="[590,633,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97F004DFD5C1203FCD5FEF1" box="[648,783,296,323]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" name="Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="Herbarium">UFRJ 1518</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="9A216007A97F004DFCF71203FCBBFEF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A97F004DFCF71203FCBBFEF1" box="[803,865,297,323]" country="Brazil" name="Same" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Same</location>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA97F004DFC1E1203FB9EFEF1" box="[970,1092,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2009-06-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A97F004DFC1E1203FB9EFEF1" box="[970,1092,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" value="2009-06-26">26.vi.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA97F004DFB841203FAD5FEF1" box="[1104,1295,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">R. L. C. Baptista</collectorName>
|
||
and biology class students
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFEE31267FE83FED5" box="[311,345,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">leg</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A97F004DFEBB1267FDECFED5" box="[367,566,332,359]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" specimenCode="UFRJ 1519" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A97F004DFEBB1267FE43FED5" box="[367,409,333,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A97F004DFE731267FDF7FED5" box="[423,557,332,359]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" name="Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="Herbarium">UFRJ 1519</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A97F0042FF13125AFE9AF83A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97F004DFF13125AFCCCFE1D" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFF13125AFEE2FE39" bold="true" box="[199,312,368,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm and average between parentheses).—Males (n=3): total length 4.58–4.71 (4.64), carapace length 1.93–2.04 (1.99), femur I length 1.81–1.90 (1.84).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A97F004DFF4314ACFE33F870" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" startId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" targetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97F004DFF4314ACFE33F870" blockId="6.[151,1436,1926,1987]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFF4314ACFECFF82D" bold="true" box="[151,277,1926,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97F004DFEC914ACFE3BF82C" box="[285,481,1926,1950]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97F004DFEC914ACFE3BF82C" box="[285,481,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97E004CFF1313B3FF0FFD8D" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97E004CFF1313B3FE14FF01" bold="true" box="[199,462,152,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Intersexual specimen:</emphasis>
|
||
One specimen (MACN-Ar 41529) was interpreted as a case of intersexuality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A97E004CFA9D13B3FA54FF01" box="[1353,1422,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1744,1769]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,153,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,151,1738]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrathena ruschii, intersexual individual from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (MACN-Ar 41529, IFM-1948 voucher). A, habitus, ventral. B, anterior legs and carapace, subanterior. C, ventral. D, palps, dorsal view. E, right palp, sublateral. F, genital opening, ventral. Scale bars, 1 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D); 0.1 mm (E–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928030/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). This specimen has a morphological pattern similar to a normal male: a rounded carapace with the thoracic fovea in the form of a shallow rounded pit and a rectangular abdomen which is slightly wider anteriorly. It also exhibits a typical male coloration. However, the pedipalps are not fully developed (not showing any sclerites of the functional male palp) and resemble those of females but with the tarsus slightly elongated. Also, this specimen displays a sclerotized plate in the place of the female epigynum, but the plate is rudimentary and does not exhibit the morphological complexity of a fully developed epigynum. The leg spination is more reminiscent of that of females than that of males. The poor degree of development of the palps and epigynum support our classification that this is a case of intersexuality. This agrees with the intersexuality definition adopted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA97E004CFC061293FB3CFE61" author="Roberts, M. & Parker, J." box="[978,1254,441,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" pagination="177 - 183" refId="ref7087" refString="Roberts, M. & Parker, J. (1973) Gynandry and intersexuality in spiders. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 2, 177 - 183." type="journal article" year="1973">Roberts & Parker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who considered intersex as cases in which, although parts of the spider may be predominantly female and other parts predominantly male, the distinction is less definite because certain organs, such as palps and epigynum, may be very poorly developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A97E004CFF431493FBD9F847" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928026/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" startId="7.[151,250,1977,2002]" targetBox="[257,1349,597,1938]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA97E004CFF431493FBD9F847" blockId="7.[151,1436,1977,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97E004CFF431493FECFF860" bold="true" box="[151,277,1977,2002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA97E004CFECA1490FE38F860" box="[286,482,1978,2002]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA97E004CFECA1490FE38F860" box="[286,482,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, male left palps. A, prolateral. B, Subretrolateral. C–D, male (UFRJ 1519). C, retrolateral. D, prolateral, clove oil cleared. Scale bars, 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A9710043FF4315DAFADCF82B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" startId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" targetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9710043FF4315DAFADCF82B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1776,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9710043FF4315DAFEC9F8BB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1776,1801]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Male left palps. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9710043FE0D15DAFD41F8BA" box="[473,667,1776,1800]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9710043FE0D15DAFD41F8BA" box="[473,667,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9710043FAF215DAFF64F89E" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9710043FAF215DAFF64F89E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A9700042FF4315FAFC26F883" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928030" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928030/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" startId="9.[151,250,1744,1769]" targetBox="[163,1427,153,1728]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9700042FF4315FAFC26F883" blockId="9.[151,1436,1744,1928]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FF4315FAFECDF95B" bold="true" box="[151,279,1744,1769]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9700042FEF515FBFE3DF95B" box="[289,487,1745,1769]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruschii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FEF515FBFE3DF95B" box="[289,487,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Micrathena ruschii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, intersexual individual from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (MACN-Ar 41529, IFM-1948 voucher). A, habitus, ventral. B, anterior legs and carapace, subanterior. C, ventral. D, palps, dorsal view. E, right palp, sublateral. F, genital opening, ventral. Scale bars, 1 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D); 0.1 mm (E–F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9700042FF431462FDEDF8D1" blockId="9.[151,1436,1744,1928]" box="[151,567,1864,1891]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9700042FF431462FDEDF8D1" authority="Chickering, 1960" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,567,1864,1891]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FF431462FDEDF8D1" bold="true" box="[151,567,1864,1891]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FF431462FE80F8D1" bold="true" box="[151,346,1864,1891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9700042FEB51463FDEDF8D1" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[353,567,1865,1891]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6325" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) Three new species of Micrathena (Araneae, Argiopidae) from South America. Breviora, 121, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9700042FF431447FE9AF83A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1744,1928]" box="[151,320,1901,1928]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9700042FF4B1447FEC6F835" box="[159,284,1901,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Figs 4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9700042FEFC1447FEEDF83A" box="[296,311,1901,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[182,1409,248,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,234,1819]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866). A, habitus dorsal. B, habitus lateral. C–G, left palp. C, prolateral. D, embolus, apical. E, retrolateral. F, prolateral, clove oil cleared. G, details of embolus. Scale bars, 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C–F); 0.05 mm (G). Abbreviations: c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, ta = terminal apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928032/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">6</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A9700042FF43149BFD79F85A" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9700042FF43149BFD79F85A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1968,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BFEE11F2A9700042FF43149BFD79F85A" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="1E5F10CDA9700042FF43149BFDCAF87B" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[151,528,1968,1993]" page="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" year="1960">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9700042FF43149BFDCAF87B" ID-CoL="42QYB" authority="Chickering, 1960: 5" authorityName="Chickering" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,528,1968,1993]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FF43149BFEE1F87B" box="[151,315,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9700042FE97149AFDCAF87B" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[323,528,1968,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6325" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) Three new species of Micrathena (Araneae, Argiopidae) from South America. Breviora, 121, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 8–12;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9700042FD44149AFD25F87B" author="Levi, H. W." box="[656,767,1968,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="429 - 618" refId="ref6563" refString="Levi, H. W. (1985) The spiny orb-weaver genera Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 150, 429 - 618." type="journal article" year="1985">Levi, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FCDA1498FC88F87B" box="[782,850,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">partim</emphasis>
|
||
, only the females]: 565, figs. 608–612 [males, figs. 613– 615, misidentified after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9700042FE6F14E5FD47F85A" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Martins, P. H. & Nogueira, A. A. & Santos, A. J." box="[443,669,1999,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="8 - 36" refId="ref6745" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F., Martins, P. H., Nogueira, A. A. & Santos, A. J. (2017) Finding hot singles: matching males to females in dimorphic spiders (Araneidae: Micrathena) using phylogenetic placement and DNA barcoding. Invertebrate Systematics, 31 (1), 8 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 15062" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Magalhaes
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9700042FDFB14FAFDB8F85A" box="[559,610,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A9730040FF4313B3FEB4FEDA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9730041FF4313B3FB85FF65" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9730041FF4313B3FE9DFF01" bold="true" box="[151,327,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Type material:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9730041FE9B13B3FD0BFF01" authority="Chickering, 1960" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[335,721,153,179]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9730041FE9B13B3FDDEFF01" box="[335,516,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A9730041FDDF13B3FD0BFF01" box="[523,721,153,179]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Brazil" location="Teresopolis" municipality="Not" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9730041FDDF13B3FD0BFF01" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[523,721,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6325" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) Three new species of Micrathena (Araneae, Argiopidae) from South America. Breviora, 121, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Female
|
||
<typeStatus id="4045887EA9730041FCE213B3FC42FF01" box="[822,920,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="F9EFAE19A9730041FC7213B3FC3FFF01" box="[934,997,153,179]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
21788) from
|
||
<location id="9A216007A9730041FBAB13B3FADAFF01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:175787CAA97D0040FF431293FEA3FB75:9A216007A9730041FBAB13B3FADAFF01" box="[1151,1280,153,179]" country="Brazil" municipality="Not" name="Teresopolis" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Teresópolis</location>
|
||
[-27.747555° -48.919398°],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA9730041FEEE1397FE05FF65" box="[314,479,189,215]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA9730041FE3E1397FDF4FF65" box="[490,558,189,215]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
[with no date of collection given].
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7F25ACA6A9730041FC6D1397FC39FF65" box="[953,995,189,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Not</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CB816654A9730041FF431404FE56F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3928032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928032/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" startId="10.[151,250,1838,1863]" targetBox="[182,1409,248,1797]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9730041FF431404FE56F80C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1838,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9730041FF431404FEC9F8F5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1838,1863]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9730041FECD1405FE66F8F5" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[281,444,1839,1863]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9730041FECD1405FE66F8F5" box="[281,444,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866). A, habitus dorsal. B, habitus lateral. C–G, left palp. C, prolateral. D, embolus, apical. E, retrolateral. F, prolateral, clove oil cleared. G, details of embolus. Scale bars, 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C–F); 0.05 mm (G). Abbreviations: c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, ta = terminal apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF1313B2FEB4FEDA" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FF1313B2FE2BFF01" bold="true" box="[199,497,152,179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Male-female association:</emphasis>
|
||
The male has been associated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9720040FCA413B3FBFDFF01" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[880,1063,153,179]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FCA413B3FBFDFF01" box="[880,1063,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it clearly belongs to the
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FF431397FF2CFF65" box="[151,246,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">militaris</emphasis>
|
||
group due to the possession of projections in the palpal tibia, laterally projecting paracymbium, and lack of a macroseta in the palpal patella (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9720040FD8C13CBFC59FF49" author="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J." box="[600,899,225,251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" pagination="14 - 53" refId="ref6670" refString="Magalhaes, I. L. F. & Santos, A. J. (2012) Phylogenetic analysis of Micrathena and Chaetacis spiders (Araneae: Araneidae) reveals multiple origins of extreme sexual size dimorphism and long abdominal spines. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166 (1), 14 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00831. x" type="journal article" year="2012">Magalhães & Santos 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9720040FC1213CBFBA1FF49" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[966,1147,225,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FC1213CBFBA1FF49" box="[966,1147,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Micrathena lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only species of this group that occurs in the Atlantic Forest and is still known only by the female. Males and females have not been collected together but come from nearby localities (Puerto 17 de Octubre and San Javier, both in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA9720040FB671203FAC7FEF1" box="[1203,1309,297,323]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Misiones</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA9720040FAF21203FA42FEF1" box="[1318,1432,297,323]" name="Argentina" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, apart by ~
|
||
<quantity id="58069B39A9720040FED31266FEBBFEDA" box="[263,353,332,360]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" unit="km" value="225.0">225 km</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A9720040FF13125AFD7AFD8D" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF13125AFC26FDAE" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FF13125AFE9EFE39" bold="true" box="[199,324,368,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Among species of the
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FD90125BFD79FE39" box="[580,675,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">militaris</emphasis>
|
||
group, the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9720040FCAA1258FC15FE39" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[894,975,369,395]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FCAA1258FC15FE39" box="[894,975,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">M. lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles most those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9720040FB3D125BFEC4FE02" authority="(Hahn)" baseAuthorityName="Hahn" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FB3D125BFF1DFE1D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Micrathena furcata</emphasis>
|
||
(Hahn)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58FE4D5FA9720040FE8012BFFD3EFE1D" authority="Mello-Leitao" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1935" box="[340,740,405,431]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Micrathena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reimoseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FE8012BFFD92FE1D" box="[340,584,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Micrathena reimoseri</emphasis>
|
||
Mello-Leitão
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the large S-shaped embolus and the abdomen with two lateral dark bands. It differs from these two species by the more angled coils of the embolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FB651293FAD0FE61" box="[1201,1290,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
: e,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FAE51290FA95FE61" box="[1329,1359,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
gently curved in the other species), by the distally expanded terminal apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FC3712F7FBE6FE45" box="[995,1084,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
: ta,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FBB812F4FB51FE45" box="[1132,1163,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
even width throughout) and by the folded shape of the embolic membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FD02112BFCFCFDA9" box="[726,806,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1421,462,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,453,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, habitus. A–C, male. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, female, dorsal. Scale bars, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FCE6112BFC99FDA9" box="[818,835,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[182,1409,248,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,234,1819]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866). A, habitus dorsal. B, habitus lateral. C–G, left palp. C, prolateral. D, embolus, apical. E, retrolateral. F, prolateral, clove oil cleared. G, details of embolus. Scale bars, 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C–F); 0.05 mm (G). Abbreviations: c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, ta = terminal apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928032/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">6</figureCitation>
|
||
: em,
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FCAB1128FC47FDA9" box="[895,925,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF13110FFD7AFD8D" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" box="[199,672,548,575]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
For the female diagnosis, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9720040FDC0110FFD47FD8D" author="Levi, H. W." box="[532,669,548,575]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" pagination="429 - 618" refId="ref6563" refString="Levi, H. W. (1985) The spiny orb-weaver genera Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 150, 429 - 618." type="journal article" year="1985">Levi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A9720040FF131162FD98FBE9" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF131162FF24FB85" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FF131162FE81FDD1" bold="true" box="[199,347,584,611]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Male from Puerto 17 de Octubre,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA9720040FD311163FC95FDD1" box="[741,847,585,611]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Misiones</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA9720040FC8E1163FC13FDD1" box="[858,969,585,611]" name="Argentina" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MACN-Ar 3866),
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FB7B1163FAEEFDD1" box="[1199,1332,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Figs. 4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FA951163FA95FDD1" box="[1345,1359,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[182,1409,248,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,234,1819]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866). A, habitus dorsal. B, habitus lateral. C–G, left palp. C, prolateral. D, embolus, apical. E, retrolateral. F, prolateral, clove oil cleared. G, details of embolus. Scale bars, 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C–F); 0.05 mm (G). Abbreviations: c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, ta = terminal apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928032/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">6</figureCitation>
|
||
. Carapace oval, thoracic fovea a shallow, rounded pit. Coxal hook absent. Leg macrosetae absent, except for a few thin, stiff setae on the venter of tibiae I–II. Abdomen trapezoidal, widest posteriorly, with two posterior folds resembling tubercles. Coloration: carapace light brown, with brown bands on lateral sides. Sternum, labium, endites and chelicerae cream. Legs brownish cream, except for light brown dorsum of femur I. Abdomen dark brown with a longitudinal, light brown median stripe on dorsum. Total length 3.44. Carapace length 1.42, width 1.03. Abdomen length 2.00, width 1.10. Leg I: fe 1.14, pa 0.37, ti 0.77, mt 0.70, ta 0.49. II: fe 1.14, pa 0.37, ti 0.69. III: fe 0.73, pa 0.24, ti 0.38. IV: fe 1.16, pa 0.28, ti 0.67, mt 0.67, ta 0.41. Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="07C52A59A9720040FCEB106FFC5FFCED" box="[831,901,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1801]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,193,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male left palps. A, Micrathena ruschii from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé (UFRJ 1519), prolateral. B, Micrathena lata, male from Argentina, Misiones (MACN-Ar 3866), prolateral. C, same, retrolateral, detail of paracymbium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bp = basal projection of the median apophysis, c = conductor, cl = conductor lobe, cy = cymbium, e = embolus, em = embolic membrane, l = median apophysis lobe, m = median apophysis rim, pm = paramedian apophysis, r = radix, ta = terminal apophysis, tap = terminal apophysis projection, ti = tibial projection, tp = tegular projection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3928028/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C, 6). Palpal tibia with an apical, unbranched projection. Paracymbium large, bilobed, laterally projecting, otherwise unmodified. Median apophysis reduced to a lobed, unsclerotized basal projection partially fused to the radix. Paramedian apophysis absent. Conductor hookshaped, sclerotized; lobe rounded, membranous, covering the conductor in prolateral view. Terminal apophysis unfused to the embolus, large, membranous, distally broadened. Embolus long, S-shaped with acute loops, bearing a translucent membrane along most of its length; embolic membrane with a folded projection near the apex of the embolus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF13176BFD98FBE9" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" box="[199,578,1088,1115]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
Female described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB6F4B2DA9720040FE62176BFDE5FBE9" author="Levi, H. W." box="[438,575,1088,1115]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" pagination="429 - 618" refId="ref6563" refString="Levi, H. W. (1985) The spiny orb-weaver genera Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 150, 429 - 618." type="journal article" year="1985">Levi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D7E46557A9720040FF13174EFEA3FB75" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F4136DCA9720040FF13174EFEA3FB75" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8AEACEA9720040FF13174EFE6FFBCD" bold="true" box="[199,437,1124,1151]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F963C81A9720040FE6B174FFEAFFB75" collectingDate="1953-10" collectorName="de Octubre & De Carlo & Viana & Galiano" country="Argentina" location="Misiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" specimenCode="MACN-Ar 3866, MACN-Ar 33832" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7E9764CA9720040FE6B174FFDBCFBCD" box="[447,614,1125,1151]" name="Argentina" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5D3AF83EA9720040FDA6174FFD07FBCD" box="[626,733,1125,1151]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Misiones</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Puerto 17
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA9720040FCB6174FFC3AFBCD" box="[866,992,1125,1151]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">de Octubre</collectorName>
|
||
[currently Puerto Libertad],
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA9720040FAF9174FFA42FBCD" box="[1325,1432,1125,1151]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">De Carlo</collectorName>
|
||
, Schiapelli,
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA9720040FEC317A3FE82FB11" box="[279,344,1161,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Viana</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="320B530AA9720040FE5517A3FE00FB11" box="[385,474,1161,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Galiano</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="EB40101CA9720040FDF117A2FDA6FB11" box="[549,636,1160,1187]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" value="1953-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FB04E9F4A9720040FDF117A2FDA6FB11" box="[549,636,1160,1187]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" value="1953-10">X/1953</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A9720040FD5E17A3FD6CFB11" box="[650,694,1161,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A9720040FD1317A3FC50FB16" box="[711,906,1161,1188]" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">MACN-Ar 3866</specimenCode>
|
||
); San Javier,
|
||
<specimenCount id="89F8FD55A9720040FBF217A3FB89FB11" box="[1062,1107,1161,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, without further information (
|
||
<specimenCode id="CF589EA7A9720040FF4A1787FEB7FB75" box="[158,365,1197,1223]" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">MACN-Ar 33832</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |