treatments-xml/data/03/ED/7B/03ED7B287876FF99FE8C0E14FBF7645B.xml

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<mods:title id="E9A91356C67737C4DD3FA827C4CC52B4">World revision of the microbombyliid genus Mythenteles Hall &amp; Evenhuis (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7876FF9BFE8C0E14FD156611" blockId="1.[264,713,1292,1318]" box="[264,713,1292,1318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading id="D0B37D527876FF9BFE8C0E14FD156611" bold="true" box="[264,713,1292,1318]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE8C0E14FD156611" bold="true" box="[264,713,1292,1318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFEDB0E14FD156611" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" box="[351,713,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFEDB0E14FE2D6611" bold="true" box="[351,497,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
Hall &amp; Evenhuis
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFE8C0E54FC5D6654" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis, 1986: 332" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" authorityPageNumber="332" authorityYear="1986" box="[264,897,1356,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mythenteles">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE8C0E54FE4F6654" box="[264,403,1356,1379]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythicomyia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE2C0E54FDF56654" box="[424,553,1356,1379]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
) 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFDB90E54FC5D6654" author="Hall" box="[573,897,1356,1379]" page="332" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFDB90E54FC9A6654" author="Hall" box="[573,838,1356,1379]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Hall, J. C. &amp; N. L. Evenhuis. (1986) Family Bombyliidae. In: Griffiths, G. C. D., (ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region. Vol. V, Part 13, No. 5. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 321 - 592." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hall &amp; Evenhuis, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 332
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<typeStatus id="54FF749C7876FF9BFC140E54FC196654" box="[912,965,1356,1379]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFBB40E54FE0366B4" authority="Melander, 1961" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFBB40E54FAF66654" box="[1072,1322,1356,1379]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythicomyia mutabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFEBC0E74FE0366B4" author="Melander" box="[312,479,1388,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Melander, A. L. [1961] The genus Mythicomyia (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 18 [1960], 161 - 261." type="journal article" year="1961">Melander, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFD810E74FC0F66B4" authority="Melander, 1946" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1946" box="[517,979,1388,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFD810E74FCFC66B4" box="[517,800,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus propleuralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFCA20E74FC0F66B4" author="Melander" box="[806,979,1388,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Melander, A. L. (1946) Apolysis, Oligodranes and Empidideicus in America (Diptera, Bombyliidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 39, 451 - 495." type="journal article" year="1946">Melander, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
], by original designation. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFE8C0E94FD636694" authority="Hull, 1973: 273" authorityName="Hull" authorityPageNumber="273" authorityYear="1973" box="[264,703,1420,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cladella">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE8C0E94FE456694" box="[264,409,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE2D0E94FDD96694" box="[425,517,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Cladella</emphasis>
) 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFD900E94FD636694" author="Hull" box="[532,703,1420,1443]" page="273" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFD900E94FD566694" author="Hull" box="[532,650,1420,1443]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) Bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 286, 1 - 687." type="journal article" year="1973">Hull, 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 273
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFD4D0E94FC746694" author="Evenhuis" box="[713,936,1420,1443]" page="398" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFD4D0E94FCAF6694" author="Evenhuis" box="[713,883,1420,1443]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1983) An Indexed Bibliography of Bombyliidae (Insecta, Diptera). Theses Zoologicae 4. J. Cramer, Braunschweig [= Brunswick], 493 pp." type="book" year="1983">Evenhuis, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 398
</treatmentCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFC370E94FB916694" box="[947,1101,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Nomen nudum</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFE8C0EB4FD4566F4" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis, 1987: 618" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" authorityPageNumber="618" authorityYear="1987" box="[264,665,1452,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Cladella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE8C0EB4FEB866F4" box="[264,356,1452,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Cladella</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFEEF0EB4FD4566F4" author="Hall" box="[363,665,1452,1475]" page="618" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFEEF0EB4FDB866F4" author="Hall" box="[363,612,1452,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Hall, J. C. &amp; N. L. Evenhuis. (1987) Family Bombyliidae. In: Griffiths, G. C. D., (ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region. Vol. V, Part 13, No. 6. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 593 - 656." type="book chapter" year="1987">Hall &amp; Evenhuis, 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 618
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<typeStatus id="54FF749C7876FF9BFD270EB4FD0466F4" box="[675,728,1452,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFCBE0EB4FAD966F4" authority="Melander, 1946" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1946" box="[826,1285,1452,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFCBE0EB4FB8866F4" box="[826,1108,1452,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus propleuralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFBDF0EB4FAD966F4" author="Melander" box="[1115,1285,1452,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Melander, A. L. (1946) Apolysis, Oligodranes and Empidideicus in America (Diptera, Bombyliidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 39, 451 - 495." type="journal article" year="1946">Melander, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB54ED107876FF9BFE8C0EF4FE766514" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFE8C0EF4FCF36534" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis. Evenhuis, 1991: 53" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis. Evenhuis" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1991" box="[264,815,1516,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE8C0EF4FE556534" box="[264,393,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
Hall &amp; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFE620EF4FCF36534" author="Evenhuis" box="[486,815,1516,1539]" page="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFE620EF4FCD96534" author="Evenhuis" box="[486,773,1516,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1991) World catalog of genus-group names in bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 5, i - vii, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1991">Evenhuis. Evenhuis, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 53
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFCB80EF4FB686534" author="Greathead" box="[828,1204,1516,1539]" page="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFCB80EF4FBA16534" author="Greathead" box="[828,1149,1516,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Greathead, D. J. &amp; N. L. Evenhuis. (2001) Annotated keys to the genera of African Bombylioidea (Diptera: Bombyliidae; Mythicomyiidae). African Invertebrates, 42, 105 - 224." type="journal article" year="2001">Greathead &amp; Evenhuis, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 127
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE5EC2F7876FF9BFB450EF4FE7B6514" author="Evenhuis" page="36" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFB450EF4FEA36514" author="Evenhuis" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 b) Catalog of the Mythicomyiidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 10, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="b">Evenhuis, 2002b</bibRefCitation>
: 36
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7876FF98FE8C0D51FB6A62E1" blockId="1.[264,1323,1609,1875]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1323,284,470]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFE8C0D51FE216554" author="Evenhuis" box="[264,509,1609,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1991) World catalog of genus-group names in bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 5, i - vii, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1991">Evenhuis (1991: 53)</bibRefCitation>
dealt with the generic synonymy of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFC380D51FB966555" box="[956,1098,1609,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFC380D51FB966555" box="[956,1098,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and raised it from subgeneric to generic status. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFDE60D69FD2C65BD" box="[610,752,1649,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFDE60D69FD2C65BD" box="[610,752,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFB160D69FEA16584" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFB160D69FAF765BD" box="[1170,1323,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythicomyia</emphasis>
Coquillett
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFE010D81FE1E6585" box="[389,450,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">s. str.</emphasis>
by the presence of the basal portion of vein M separating cells bm and br, the reduced anal lobe in the wing, and the female genitalia with varying elaborate shapes of the apical valve of the sperm pump. At the time of the original description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFB4D0DF1FEE2641D" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFB4D0DF1FEE2641D" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, males were not known. The reason for this was that all specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7876FF9BFB190C09FAF7641D" box="[1181,1323,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7876FF9BFB190C09FAF7641D" box="[1181,1323,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7876FF9BFE2C0C21FD1A6464" author="Hall" box="[424,710,1849,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Hall, J. C. &amp; N. L. Evenhuis. (1986) Family Bombyliidae. In: Griffiths, G. C. D., (ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region. Vol. V, Part 13, No. 5. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 321 - 592." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hall &amp; Evenhuis (1986)</bibRefCitation>
were dichoptic and were assumed to be female (all these specimens were thought at that time to be members of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FBB80A04FB096202" box="[1084,1237,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FBB80A04FB096202" box="[1084,1237,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythicomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has holoptic males and dichoptic females). Subsequent collection by me of a mating pair of specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FE4B0A74FD8162B2" box="[463,605,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE4B0A74FD8162B2" box="[463,605,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
helped solve the mystery of the supposed absence of males by forcing an examination of the genitalia of the specimens collected to ensure they were of different sexes. Males and females were then discovered to both be dichoptic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7875FF98FE8C0F78FC296740" blockId="2.[264,1013,1120,1144]" box="[264,1013,1120,1144]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE8C0F78FE5F674F" bold="true" box="[264,387,1120,1144]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. World map indicating known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FCE90F79FC32674F" box="[877,1006,1121,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FCE90F79FC32674F" box="[877,1006,1121,1144]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3B9AB67875FF98FE8C0DF2FCA86471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168814/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[264,1321,1237,1729]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7875FF98FE8C0DF2FCA86471" blockId="2.[264,1322,1770,1863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE8C0DF2FE6D6435" bold="true" box="[264,433,1770,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURES 2–5</emphasis>
. Comparisons of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FDFD0DF2FCD86436" box="[633,772,1770,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FDFD0DF2FCD86436" box="[633,772,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythicomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FCBB0DF2FC1C6436" box="[831,960,1770,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FCBB0DF2FC1C6436" box="[831,960,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FC550DF2FC256435" bold="true" box="[977,1017,1770,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2–3</emphasis>
. Antennae. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FB050DF2FB526435" bold="true" box="[1153,1166,1770,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FB1B0DF2FE036414" authority="Melander" authorityName="Melander" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillima">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FB1B0DF2FEB76413" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythicomyia pusillima</emphasis>
Melander
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE680C14FE256413" bold="true" box="[492,505,1804,1828]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FD8E0C15FC406414" authority="Melander" authorityName="Melander" box="[522,924,1804,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FD8E0C15FCC46413" box="[522,792,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythenteles propleuralis</emphasis>
(Melander)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FC2E0C14FC0E6413" bold="true" box="[938,978,1804,1828]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4–5</emphasis>
. Wings. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FBB30C14FB986413" bold="true" box="[1079,1092,1804,1828]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FBD10C15FE636471" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FBD10C15FAF66413" box="[1109,1322,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythicomyia brevis</emphasis>
Hall &amp; Evenhuis
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE4D0C37FE0A6470" bold="true" box="[457,470,1839,1863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7875FF98FE600C28FCAC6471" authority="Melander" authorityName="Melander" box="[484,880,1839,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7875FF98FE600C28FD336470" box="[484,751,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mythenteles propleuralis</emphasis>
(Melander)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35E99B57874FF99FEBC0A04FBF7645B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0A04FDDB61CC" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Further examination of specimens and comparison with other genera on a worldwide basis showed that species in this genus had characters more similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FB0F0A5CFE8762B1" authority="Becker" authorityName="Becker" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FB0F0A5CFAF7626A" box="[1163,1323,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Empidideicus</emphasis>
Becker
</taxonomicName>
than 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE1A0A74FDEB62B2" box="[414,567,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE1A0A74FDEB62B2" box="[414,567,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythicomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<figureCitation id="137FD6BB7874FF99FDEB0A74FD3D62B1" box="[623,737,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 5" captionStartId="2.[264,383,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[264,1321,1237,1729]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[252,1337,1467,1762]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 5. Comparisons of Mythicomyia and Mythenteles. 2 – 3. Antennae. 2. Mythicomyia pusillima Melander; 3. Mythenteles propleuralis (Melander). 4 – 5. Wings. 4. Mythicomyia brevis Hall &amp; Evenhuis; 5. Mythenteles propleuralis (Melander)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168814/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
; antennal first flagellomere is short, the anal lobe of the wing is not well developed, and the shape and structure of the vaginal furca are similar to those exhibited in 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FDC50AA4FD3C62E2" box="[577,736,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FDC50AA4FD3C62E2" box="[577,736,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Empidideicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). These characters led 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FC7B0AA4FB1A62E1" author="Evenhuis" box="[1023,1222,444,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1991) World catalog of genus-group names in bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 5, i - vii, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1991">Evenhuis (1991)</bibRefCitation>
to raise 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE8C0AFCFE4A62CA" box="[264,406,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE8C0AFCFE4A62CA" box="[264,406,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to generic status. Subsequent to the work of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FC290AFCFBAF62C9" author="Evenhuis" box="[941,1139,484,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1991) World catalog of genus-group names in bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 5, i - vii, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1991">Evenhuis (1991)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FB040AFCFE106111" author="Greathead" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Greathead, D. J. &amp; N. L. Evenhuis. (2001) Annotated keys to the genera of African Bombylioidea (Diptera: Bombyliidae; Mythicomyiidae). African Invertebrates, 42, 105 - 224." type="journal article" year="2001">Greathead and Evenhuis (2001)</bibRefCitation>
reviewed the status of the subfamilies comprising 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FBB10914FB2B6111" box="[1077,1271,524,550]" class="Insecta" family="Mythicomyiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mythicomyiidae</taxonomicName>
and placed 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FED8092CFE36617A" box="[348,490,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FED8092CFE36617A" box="[348,490,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FDBD092CFD236179" box="[569,767,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mythicomyiinae">Mythicomyiinae</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FC8D092CFC056179" author="Evenhuis" box="[777,985,564,590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 a) Pieza, a new genus of microbombyliids from the New World (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae). Zootaxa, 36, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Evenhuis (2002a)</bibRefCitation>
provided a key to the genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FEA90944FE2F6141" box="[301,499,604,630]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mythicomyiinae">Mythicomyiinae</taxonomicName>
. The subfamily is currently defined as containing those genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE8C099CFE1661A9" box="[264,458,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Mythicomyiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mythicomyiidae</taxonomicName>
with vein R4+5 ending in the costa at a level at or slightly beyond the end of vein M2 and which possess a small triangular marginal cell formed by veins Rs (radial sector), R1, and R2+3 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0814FEBD6781" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Previous to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FE470814FD496011" author="Evenhuis" box="[451,661,780,806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 a) Pieza, a new genus of microbombyliids from the New World (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae). Zootaxa, 36, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Evenhuis (2002a)</bibRefCitation>
, 5 species were known in 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FC4C0814FB896012" box="[968,1109,780,805]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FC4C0814FB896012" box="[968,1109,780,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all from the New World. Comparison of the male and female genitalia as well as differences observed in wing venation and antennal characters has shown that species previously comprising 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE8C089CFE4A60AA" box="[264,406,900,925]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE8C089CFE4A60AA" box="[264,406,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
actually belonged in 2 separate genera. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FCF4089CFC2260AA" box="[880,1022,900,925]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FCF4089CFC2260AA" box="[880,1022,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thus restricted to those species with an apically placed antennal style on the second flagellomere; a lack of conspicuous interhumeral markings on the mesonotum (although humeral markings may be present), a prominent posteriorly oriented epandrial process in the male genitalia (termed “pseudosurstylus” here), and a U­shaped vaginal furca and spherically to subconically shaped spermathecal reservoirs in the female genitalia. The remainder of the species previously placed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE560F6CFDBC67BA" box="[466,608,1140,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE560F6CFDBC67BA" box="[466,608,1140,1165]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were transferred to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FC600F6CFE816781" authority="Evenhuis" authorityName="Evenhuis" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Pieza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FC600F6CFBF967BA" box="[996,1061,1140,1165]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pieza</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FBB60F6CFB4367B9" box="[1074,1183,1140,1166]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 a) Pieza, a new genus of microbombyliids from the New World (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae). Zootaxa, 36, 1 - 28." type="journal article">Evenhuis</bibRefCitation>
(Evenhuis, 2002a)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0FDCFC146691" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
After re­examination in this study of specimens previously identified as either 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FB4B0FDCFEFF6632" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FB4B0FDCFEFF6632" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mutabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FED60FF4FE3D6632" box="[338,481,1260,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FED60FF4FE3D6632" box="[338,481,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">propleuralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is concluded that the synonymy of 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FC390FF4FBF66632" box="[957,1066,1260,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythicomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FC390FF4FBF66632" box="[957,1066,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mutabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FBF00FF4FAD86632" box="[1140,1284,1260,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propleuralis">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FBF00FF4FAD86632" box="[1140,1284,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">propleuralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
be maintained; however, the majority of the Nearctic specimens examined belong to a new species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FEE90E24FE176662" box="[365,459,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FEE90E24FE596662" box="[365,389,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE120E24FE176662" box="[406,459,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">silus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described below. With the addition of 10 species to the genus (8 newly described) and the transfer of 4 of the 5 originally included species to 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FBBC0E7CFBA5664A" box="[1080,1145,1380,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Pieza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FBBC0E7CFBA5664A" box="[1080,1145,1380,1405]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pieza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the total number of species in 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FE4B0E94FD816692" box="[463,605,1420,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FE4B0E94FD816692" box="[463,605,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mythenteles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now 13 (12 extant, 1 fossil).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0EACFAD46559" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The disjunct distribution of the genus (western North 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FC2C0EACFBCC66F9" box="[936,1040,1460,1486]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">America</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FB9F0EACFBAD66F9" box="[1051,1137,1460,1486]" name="Greece" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Greece</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FBF80EACFB0F66F9" box="[1148,1235,1460,1486]" name="Cyprus" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FB5B0EACFAF966F9" box="[1247,1317,1460,1486]" name="Spain" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Spain</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FE8C0EC4FE8D66C1" box="[264,337,1500,1526]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FEDB0EC4FE3766C1" box="[351,491,1500,1526]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FE7D0EC4FDE466C1" box="[505,568,1500,1526]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">India</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FDC30EC4FD5766C1" box="[583,651,1500,1526]" name="Israel" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Israel</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FD4A0EC4FCE766C1" box="[718,827,1500,1526]" name="Palestine" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palestine</collectingCountry>
; see 
<figureCitation id="137FD6BB7874FF99FCFD0EC4FC6366C1" box="[889,959,1500,1526]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1120,1144]" captionTargetBox="[273,1313,602,1097]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[232,1356,569,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. World map indicating known distribution of Mythenteles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) is presumably relict. Further concentrated collecting in and between these localities should turn up more representatives of this genus. One fossil species (
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FD180D34FC536571" authority="Evenhuis" authorityName="Evenhuis" box="[668,911,1580,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Mythenteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baltica">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FD180D34FCCB6572" box="[668,791,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">M. baltica</emphasis>
Evenhuis
</taxonomicName>
) was described from Baltic amber (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FE940D4CFE0B6559" author="Evenhuis" box="[272,471,1620,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 c) Review of the Tertiary microbombyliids (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae) in Baltic, Bitterfeld, and Dominican amber. Zootaxa, 100, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="c">Evenhuis, 2002c</bibRefCitation>
) giving evidence of a lineage at least as old as the Eocene/Oligocene.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0D64FE0E65D1" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Specimens are relatively uncommon in collections. Aside from specimens of the 2 species from western North 
<collectingCountry id="F3538AAE7874FF99FDD80DBCFD186589" box="[604,708,1700,1726]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">America</collectingCountry>
, the genus is only known from a total of 
<specimenCount id="9D4201B77874FF99FB3A0DBCFE9A65D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="generic">78 specimens</specimenCount>
worldwide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFBCA3E7874FF99FEBC0C2DFBF7645B" blockId="3.[312,1296,1845,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
1. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FED70C2FFDAA647B" authority="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" authorityName="Hall &amp; Evenhuis" box="[339,630,1847,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Paraconsors" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FED70C2FFE12647B" box="[339,462,1847,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraconsors</emphasis>
Hall &amp; Evenhuis
</taxonomicName>
was listed under 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FCA40C2FFC62647B" box="[800,958,1847,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mythicomyiinae">Mythicomyiinae</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5B7CF7874FF99FC590C2FFB57647B" author="Evenhuis" box="[989,1163,1847,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2002 b) Catalog of the Mythicomyiidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 10, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="b">Evenhuis (2002b)</bibRefCitation>
, but this is an error. 
<taxonomicName id="4C44B1BD7874FF99FEF50C4FFE37645B" box="[369,491,1879,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Paraconsors" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930162C7874FF99FEF50C4FFE37645B" box="[369,491,1879,1900]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraconsors</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be placed Empidideicinae since it lacks a vein R2+3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>