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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33e2d3ce-167e-4c70-a74a-12a84710a1e6" ID-PMC="PMC7367896" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-69-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1EE0969FEC495A54BF779CCFA62DB5E6" ID-PubMed="32733147" ModsDocID="1314-4049-69-1" checkinTime="1594458572206" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Saba, Malka, Haelewaters, Danny, Pfister, Donald H. &amp; Khalid, Abdul Nasir" docDate="2020" docId="4C5835FF56565277BC03766EEF3D662C" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 69: 1-31" docOrigin="MycoKeys 69" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563" docTitle="Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum Saba &amp; Khalid 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="1EE0969FEC495A54BF779CCFA62DB5E6" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1EE0969FEC495A54BF779CCFA62DB5E6" masterDocTitle="New species of Pseudosperma (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Pakistan revealed by morphology and multi-locus phylogenetic reconstruction" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732488686704" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DB1AC42A8F69DB7B16A452EEDBBE5070">New species of Pseudosperma (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Pakistan revealed by morphology and multi-locus phylogenetic reconstruction</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C375F08D45D0787CB7BFE19CDE54610">Saba, Malka</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8CAB59AE371B6F8D9C216C0D2EE1283D">Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A25A6A3661A39E1CC2D09C9A527A450B" type="email">rustflora@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C2672AE51EE2B1E76BEC351B7E0F60E2">Haelewaters, Danny</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="74D4FD5F9D2BEF6E67F67AEFAFA27DD9">Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA &amp; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA &amp; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="429A6086BF2F83E7D5D7F3948FFADF73" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-0834</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="283CA4E35F31D5F874BC2B32E2D65D76">Pfister, Donald H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="78103C5B53B3A7BD2E001818E3156B30">Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D798F3B12EFC3982E4B608085816697C">Khalid, Abdul Nasir</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4DAD50D1B6DB84805EB6D015208DE056">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="6FE242FBCB681E711C2A9884D2C9D812">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="07A5000E3A4E9B0BBF5C4627EC70A26D" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C5835FF56565277BC03766EEF3D662C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165061618" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5835FF56565277BC03766EEF3D662C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C5835FF56565277BC03766EEF3D662C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Inocybaceae" scope_order="Agaricales">
<subSubSection id="062F485C2711987674EE3EC52D6E7D1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="30872202D28609745BF495DE9110AAA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5D6EF7118393825DB73F9CFA39F7383D" ID-CoL="B2MMK" LSID="4C5835FF-5656-5277-BC03-766EEF3D662C" authority="Saba &amp; Khalid" authorityName="Saba &amp; Khalid" authorityYear="2020" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum" status="sp. nov.">Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum Saba &amp; Khalid</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="483DE073A9AD81C8CE0EB521F9336E80" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="76CDA5E3BA2DAEE9A45221CE0526630D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum: A Basidiomata of holotype collection (LAH 310032) B-E microscopic characters: B basidia C cheilocystidia D basidiospores E pileipellis. Scale bars: 1 cm (A), 10 µm (B), 30 µm (C, E), 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3B4DF489F27825DBED5163CB8783C940" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7B29F53DF23CEF96C21D72C657CF3FAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C2D3B3E998AA82FDD2A721E7E6F2919" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Characterised by the dark brown umbo and basidiospores 10.3-15.3(-16.7)
<normalizedToken id="FE2C93F7C5A16DBF954D2ADD5C0CE3D2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.6-9.9
<normalizedToken id="0428B0BCD5960D299456014D76A51E2A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
and an ecological association with
<taxonomicName id="A91486426F2DC8A6D6B9803054DA0DEE" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A14EF61EB5F7E368F7D1F4FAEDCE649C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECBB43A9FF6DD0DA4D4DA92A6F39FA76" doi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="832D68EFCBD7E8477DAA03D82861278A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B88521B623370ECB6CED315F9876EA25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2C05FA0FA56AB4539EC0BEFEDEEE8549" authorityName="Saba &amp; Khalid" authorityYear="2020" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="7565428DBCFEAF16EF04CBB6DE986405" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="4E988D7AFB1082B4042E1DAF629AA33B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Basidiomata of holotype collection (LAH 310032)
<emphasis id="6BF66BC8ABB36E36271DF55283E06DF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-E</emphasis>
microscopic characters:
<emphasis id="91565F1A4C2946159344E4D8D91C5C34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
basidia
<emphasis id="778F9DF994178A2879A29E2DB75D26AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
cheilocystidia
<emphasis id="28B310C804F25051A3245E249080C690" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
basidiospores
<emphasis id="622D2EDCE5C9B4B3260C39BD1A91BCC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
pileipellis. Scale bars: 1 cm (
<emphasis id="3C677B19C3C0CADD169B07089521E6F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
), 10
<normalizedToken id="84D11FC1F7CC0CE072F1D69E6C8C80FA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="09A5A846E09D6079463DFAE2A08A796B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
), 30
<normalizedToken id="AA451404C064BCB32649D97F305FF2AC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="1B12818117EAB02875EC2D2FEE3E262B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, E</emphasis>
), 20
<normalizedToken id="E0D1DF5B0D6B5913F066C2FAD6D9D7B8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="40430F918A7579B0998A155E0C99F4BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="629A1800CF37D298EB5FB945B3D6CFFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types">
<paragraph id="9352FF2C7FEE68D4980FB8AC45115958" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40204AD2B6FADF2EBC9F98179F8623D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="07B67EA97B3761794961AD9D0B74125A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
: Pakistan, Prov. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Abbottabad, Shimla, 14 Sep 2012,
<emphasis id="79A34255861D4E425B83CFB15F1344D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">leg.</emphasis>
M. Saba &amp; A.N. Khalid; MSM#0053 (LAH 310032); GenBank accession nos. MG742419 (ITS), MG742420 (nrLSU).
<emphasis id="0A8FF3C0E3B069177C3AE822213C3308" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="6B88D0E04310F4189AE4551DC74A945B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ibid.</emphasis>
, 6 Aug. 2014; MSM#00545 (LAH 31003); GenBank accession nos. MG742421 (ITS), MG742422 (nrLSU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="571FA12E42E4DDEF0ED74959416FFC93" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BF9145D983EDFB582281426601D69A39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BF2DE1199DEE11E23E23277F20425DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">From Latin, referring to dark brown colour of the umbo.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="867607E2D1E665C67D5E531B1C52F90C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="95C306582D314CF4C1B970E4B1F82351" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9615B4E474ADE1281ED2989E16CE6CD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2A71C4C269C294DBA90C7BF42927AD94" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pileus</emphasis>
20-38 mm in diam., plane to broadly convex with an acute umbo; margin straight or flaring to deflexed; surface dry, dull, strongly rimose, cracked towards centre but disc smooth and unbroken; strong brown (5YR4/8), disc/umbo deep brown (5YR2/6).
<emphasis id="8DF8E41F5BAF8715E9DCB4F9209676E5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lamellae</emphasis>
regular, adnexed to sinuate, close, pale orange yellow (10YR8/4) or pale yellow (5Y9/4), becoming yellowish-brown with age, concolorous with stipe; edges even; lamelullae one tier; edges white and fimbrirate.
<emphasis id="E3AEDF7F5ACC60A968C41EFC1A46D047" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipe</emphasis>
22-40 mm, central to slightly eccentric, equal, recurved squamulose, longitudinally fibrillose, pale yellow (5Y9/4) or light yellowish-brown (10YR7/4), veil not observed. Odour spermatic. Context white, lacking any colour changes where cut or bruised.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA9421E90A4F06838C99BA3CBB742207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7A5F4148BB0370262735DAEC42370EC9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Basidiospores</emphasis>
10.3-15.3(-16.7)
<normalizedToken id="701E2ACEF3395266B7E2A905C3E8562A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.6-9.9
<normalizedToken id="EDA3044BC433C494DF55A430CB330E14" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
[x = 12.5
<normalizedToken id="A7A4297146C99ACA355E395A7972410D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7.5
<normalizedToken id="15337B54FBB299B2176400833F3FC527" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, Q = 1.2-1.96], smooth, phaseoliform or ellipsoid, thin-walled, pale brown to reddish-brown in KOH, apiculus present or absent, apex obtuse.
<emphasis id="BCF79FD878D74EEA89366E8439AE34E6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Basidia</emphasis>
27-39
<normalizedToken id="ACE35383CDB6D0A84A6651EEE15A89F6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10.6-16
<normalizedToken id="413686A1A388C0AD5E6EDB4F6571E889" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, clavate with refractive contents, primarily 4-sterigmate, less often 2-sterigmate, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH; sterigmata 3-6
<normalizedToken id="26F93D681382DE13AA94DEB7ADEF7181" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long.
<emphasis id="CDB4CC98BD415EA1DFBD8F071D57EF4F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="2F655B4BE73DF23302C4C15BEB0E34F5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
24-35
<normalizedToken id="F70470ECE84EF033108F855B1A6D6E9E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
14-29
<normalizedToken id="B221C35C3CB53899C04A208ECDAFD765" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, numerous, clavate, some catenate, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="8F1DE73049EBC2452BEEE7C38C07E0C6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
clavate or cylindrical, similar to cheilocystidia, infrequent.
<emphasis id="7DD370E98D40A674584AA8EFF1ECC6B4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis, hyphae cylindrical, 5-9
<normalizedToken id="6B0CA2B3B43B398225046B72AD610ACB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, thin-walled, pale brown in KOH, some with encrustations, septate.
<emphasis id="11964E6CD2665A35F6FC0557FEF76AB0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
of parallel hyphae, 5-10
<normalizedToken id="5FCE1F06BD366995FEDDE043CAF339F6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; subhymenium of compact hyphae, 3-6
<normalizedToken id="98DFA268D878212C6CE6FC3FA848128A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide.
<emphasis id="7B5435F9F0CD7E63C1AC33D6DDF99A7B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
cylindrical hyphae, hyaline in mass in KOH. All structures inamyloid.
<emphasis id="DE352D0F60F44860DBD21E8AAF586B62" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clamp connections</emphasis>
present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F58D6467A9EB8FE895D318FBAFFC5CE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habit and habitat">
<paragraph id="CE338F2EBCC9CD981E49C0C4E62B0909" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habit and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="565E49F4667A2C8470F0A8823F3EA11F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Occurring in August and September, solitary or in groups, scattered on the forest floor in stands of
<taxonomicName id="597159EB370DD39C410A77F668B6CC60" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus roxburghii" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roxburghii">
<emphasis id="228312ECF901808C730C437051283DF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus roxburghii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5C9F06C2E6D55B3DBFB19D1101BF0DC3" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8E87EF4EFEF2E1B0DBF8AC5016B1C085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="D8D7C59EA8E88BD7E9F3C1303FEF4A5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBD15C12BAAC15D4A4A1393BF7855282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In all phylogenetic reconstructions (Figures
<figureCitation id="4DF0C66A3BE95D74F1C7260195B356DC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. The best-scoring ML tree (- lnL = 27210.474) of the Rimosae s. s. and Inosperma clades, reconstructed from the concatenated ITS-nrLSU-mtSSU dataset. ML bootstraps (if ≥ 70) are presented above or in front of the branch leading to each node. Thick branches have maximum support (ML BS = 100). Subclade designations within sect. Rimosae s. s. follow Larsson et al. (2009) in the strict sense. Newly-described species are in boldface." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430573" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation id="4D79C8B6F1C4762A003BB77976C41C43" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. The best-scoring ML tree (- lnL = 5704.951) of Rimosae s. s. subclade A, complemented with recently-described species within sect. Rimosae s. s., reconstructed from the nrLSU dataset. ML bootstraps (if ≥ 70) are presented above or in front of the branch leading to each node. Thick branches have maximum support (ML BS = 100). Newly-described species are in boldface." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430575" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4D87B2CB1907FF335E4E8C77CD054E78" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="9994F0D77AE5ECA9F55D467B7B208A5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is sister to
<taxonomicName id="18BB959220AC3F3B8B64959620FF3191" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BA2697A0C49463BFCACA305A5678B99B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (isolates TR104_05 and TR133_05). This undescribed species from high-elevations in Papua New Guinea is associated with
<taxonomicName id="65F0ACC02DE1360A5B5B14277DC44A22" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ED2D2A737EE8748626BAE4A9C318A2B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="6048586195733433938300BA0354F551" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
). Of the north temperate species,
<taxonomicName id="CF3E7014CB89CE5D3F320785ED4C1C8F" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="7701AC4149172554F3E1D9888934F1AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is phylogenetically most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="8D9D2F24FF066F929E4843F3030CB119" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="1B5111249BA9AA4ABBB3994588C541E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figure
<figureCitation id="9EF78C11D4015774A88E4D148CA9F959" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. The best-scoring ML tree (- lnL = 5704.951) of Rimosae s. s. subclade A, complemented with recently-described species within sect. Rimosae s. s., reconstructed from the nrLSU dataset. ML bootstraps (if ≥ 70) are presented above or in front of the branch leading to each node. Thick branches have maximum support (ML BS = 100). Newly-described species are in boldface." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430575" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
, Table
<tableCitation id="95935DD1F969C527B6B81CA40C7593D7" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of ecological and morphological characters among the three newly described Pakistani species of Pseudosperma and phylogenetically similar species P. rimosum and P. umbrinellum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8D170A13E2C23607F1F5297E22BE3A6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="8D170A13E2C23607F1F5297E22BE3A6E">2</tableCitation>
). In terms of morphology,
<taxonomicName id="01653DA303F1DF45C73AFA5E90E17A21" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="657D57FD217D0E29930F3D08FCCEFAB6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="5DE1C39103D4D077C10D840B0980E35E" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="9B6E160BD42470076860BD0D727CA6D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its strong brown pileus with an acute umbo (hazel to cinnamon brown) and somewhat larger basidiospores (measuring 10-13
<normalizedToken id="B9E0C48D99DB93A85513DD81B616E111" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-6.5
<normalizedToken id="ACCBC8A97426B58728A9FE6E7D2D166B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in
<taxonomicName id="B48DD52D8C8652D767E4DB83FE1AAF6D" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="DD3F9085AA48C4DD238130C40593530B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Other related North American taxa are
<taxonomicName id="969C72BDD82659D464E54D4E51595583" lsidName="P. aestivum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aestivum">
<emphasis id="3E35180E09EC3068550A4A3634F8C455" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. aestivum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kropp, Matheny &amp; Hutchison) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. and
<taxonomicName id="8640CEA658D315F1A4A96532AE1E2EA2" lsidName="P. niveivelatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="niveivelatum">
<emphasis id="EF9BE57168F2312E552C55EFC884B339" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. niveivelatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(D.E. Stuntz ex Kropp, Matheny &amp; Hutchison) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.
<taxonomicName id="799FADDC352FF784CFDBA3C402A8A27A" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kropp, Matheny &amp; Hutchison" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma aestivum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aestivum">
<emphasis id="867EE5D62A6A54FEEB0A584BF8EE0659" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma aestivum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated by larger basidiomata and different pileus colouration (yellowish to pale yellow with yellow-brown centre), whereas
<taxonomicName id="62D3E955D1E93A7818D064FED8C56D4A" lsidName="P. niveivelatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="niveivelatum">
<emphasis id="A66587F4E8D35678A9113BD0D4B40615" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. niveivelatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a white stipe and a non-rimose pileus with different colouration (covered with abundant white velipellis) (
<bibRefCitation id="910A0A3FAD7023887E54907A6206092F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3852/12-185" author="Kropp, BR" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="728 - 747" refId="B28" refString="Kropp, BR, Matheny, PB, Hutchison, LJ, 2013. Inocybe section Rimosae in Utah: phylogenetic affinities and new species. Mycologia 105 (3): 728 - 747, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3852/12-185" title="Inocybe section Rimosae in Utah: phylogenetic affinities and new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3852/12-185" volume="105" year="2013">Kropp et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4E0762F07DE096C42DC2285511F9B223" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma perlatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="perlatum">
<emphasis id="3CDD907DE84B7B10DE2077CD0AF27EC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma perlatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cooke) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. superficially resembles
<taxonomicName id="0097D11293E42DB1D4DA7F6069040031" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="1DA52CA5A9C3D3ABA242E6A4568DF1F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the slightly larger basidiospores, pale orange yellow stipe and a presumed association with
<taxonomicName id="2570CF1B14A1CE2DE7CFB2E44C3C3FAB" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCF3A57670690382D82671114AFB9E0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguish the new species from
<taxonomicName id="606646657C8E1E6B04CA364A15D6C066" lsidName="P. perlatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perlatum">
<emphasis id="BE0DF5196F38A1D6065D14F668C6C74F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. perlatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is an associate of deciduous trees (
<bibRefCitation id="7F7B8C7EB725C680438F9BA84F0D6D41" DOI="https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1986.246" author="Vauras, J" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 72" refId="B63" refString="Vauras, J, Huhtinen, S, 1986. Finnish records on the genus Inocybe ecology and distribution of four calciphilous species. Karstenia 26 (2): 65 - 72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1986.246" title="Finnish records on the genus Inocybe ecology and distribution of four calciphilous species." url="https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1986.246" volume="26" year="1986">Vauras and Huhtinen 1986</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="E6C0EA1D0E797696D49B54FBC1E1058E" lsidName="I. rimosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rimosum">
<emphasis id="5C7065213F44459FB5DE10C3AC0F3F50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. rimosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having broader basidiospores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA50290AB1E7E977CD5422BDD02305F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6D8E6268A3EC7A0535B28C972706F550" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="T. Bau &amp; Y. G. Fan" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma neoumbrinellum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="neoumbrinellum">
<emphasis id="6BF3B467DD8331D48B72E3286F0858F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma neoumbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(T. Bau &amp; Y.G. Fan) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. is an Asian species (described from China) with similar basidioma size and colouration (
<bibRefCitation id="B05B319EEDBB7646A6DBF7A69D9E5CF7" author="Bau, T" journalOrPublisher="Mycosystema" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="693 - 702" refId="B3" refString="Bau, T, Fan, Y-G, 2018. Three new species of Inocybe sect. Rimosae from China. Mycosystema 37: 693 - 702" title="Three new species of Inocybe sect. Rimosae from China." volume="37" year="2018">Bau and Fan 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The basidiospores of
<taxonomicName id="6E42C340D03DE713EC4FDE7A428A0971" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="DFE4F71861A25FA3D9C24917D767EB4A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, are remarkably larger.
<taxonomicName id="D36B55CA7A2DCF06DDC9C3C5C5F9F96A" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Razaq, Khalid &amp; Kobayashi" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma himalayense" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="F8057CDBCE3B8C36E666ED084321023E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Razaq, Khalid &amp; Kobayashi) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. was recently described from Pakistan (
<bibRefCitation id="AA3DAB06842A3FD562157F6E7A3DBDDD" author="Liu, L-N" journalOrPublisher="Sydowia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="211 - 286" refId="B34" refString="Liu, L-N, Razaq, A, Atri, NS, Bau, T, Belbahri, L, Chenari Bouket, A, Chen, L-P, Deng, C, Ilyas, S, Khalid, AN, Kitaura, MJ, Kobayashi, T, Li, Y, Lorenz, AP, Ma, Y-H, Malysheva, E, Malysheva, V, Nuytinck, J, Qiao, M, Saini, MK, Scur, MC, Sharma, S, Shu, L-L, Spirin, V, Tanaka, Y, Tojo, M, Uzuhashi, S, Valerio-Junior, C, Verbeken, A, Verma, B, Wu, R-H, Xu, J-P, Yu, Z-F, Zeng, H, Zhang, B, Banerjee, A, Beddiar, A, Bordallo, JJ, Dafri, A, Dima, B, Krisai-Greilhuber, I, Lorenzini, M, Mandal, R, Morte, A, Nath, PS, Papp, V, Pavlik, J, Rodriguez, A, Sevcikova, H, Urban, A, Voglmayr, H, Zapparoli, G, 2018. Fungal systematics and evolution: FUSE 4. Sydowia 70: 211 - 286" title="Fungal systematics and evolution: FUSE 4." volume="70" year="2018">Liu et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
) and is similar to
<taxonomicName id="27CFDF83E35A463CC540E805130844B5" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="0FF9D4905AC11DA7414A6F098BB63C2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having similar pileus size. This species was found at different localities in the western Himalayas, but always near
<taxonomicName id="D9EE9DCD5A03292A218E708BF05A5166" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus wallichiana" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wallichiana">
<emphasis id="C0A8C443DB8FE3ECEAB21D907C264B11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus wallichiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="9EDCFFB5131979097961BFFEE597F650" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Razaq, Khalid &amp; Kobayashi" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma himalayense" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="5766177A4F1BBFAEF3664CA3A6734AD7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a much longer stipe (50-80 mm vs. max. 40 mm in
<taxonomicName id="6CCA8CD4991EF558256D633F847A815C" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="670E88E3441FCE32C7A844DB3E6B6430" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); white to pale yellow, olive yellow or light brown pileus; and somewhat smaller basidiospores.
<taxonomicName id="B2847E048F2DFEC7237E778B7198A85D" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Z. Ullah, S. Jabeen, H. Ahmad &amp; A. N. Khalid" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma pakistanense" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pakistanense">
<emphasis id="5421F67645D607A1E8F2B672D7731568" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma pakistanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Z. Ullah, S. Jabeen, H. Ahmad &amp; A.N. Khalid) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav., another species described from Pakistan, can be differentiated by the presence of pleurocystidia, somewhat smaller basidiospores and phylogenetic placement (
<bibRefCitation id="EA813DA989448393E54FE6975C6EFD0A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.4.4" author="Ullah, Z" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="279 - 288" refId="B62" refString="Ullah, Z, Jabeen, S, Ahmad, H, Khalid, AN, 2018. Inocybe pakistanensis, a new species in section Rimosae s. str. from Pakistan. Phytotaxa 348 (4): 279 - 288, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.4.4" title="Inocybe pakistanensis, a new species in section Rimosae s. str. from Pakistan." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.4.4" volume="348" year="2018">Ullah et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
, Figure
<figureCitation id="2A712DCDFD8829FADF107010AF8545F6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. The best-scoring ML tree (- lnL = 5704.951) of Rimosae s. s. subclade A, complemented with recently-described species within sect. Rimosae s. s., reconstructed from the nrLSU dataset. ML bootstraps (if ≥ 70) are presented above or in front of the branch leading to each node. Thick branches have maximum support (ML BS = 100). Newly-described species are in boldface." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.69.33563.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430575" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92BA1547788A70F0FCDC8AA5F3AFF959" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The following two species have not yet been recombined in
<taxonomicName id="582A189B0782268D03B6EDBE44A69D82" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28213DFA554255DAF539A104755549AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, phylogenetic evidence undoubtedly places both
<taxonomicName id="6D4BDC0821B500F301ABC690388928FD" lsidName="I. neglecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="9DB813784D43855117B976990DFCF4FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
E. Horak, Matheny &amp; Desjardin and
<taxonomicName id="E97D1A9A2FB0FA843825717B2E30121F" lsidName="I. friabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="friabilis">
<emphasis id="5C6E2734A0591C30C0C0F50CBC139596" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. friabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Matheny &amp; Kudzma in the newly-recognised genus
<taxonomicName id="DC4CC7144EE2BDAE71FBC40AF77BDBED" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08D75B9B126BF58AFA0EA9D77B13442E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B04079A4E536EE075ED347DFD2160088" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" author="Horak, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 238" refId="B19" refString="Horak, E, Matheny, PB, Desjardin, DE, Soytong, K, 2015. The genus Inocybe (Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Thailand and Malaysia. Phytotaxa 230 (3): 201 - 238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" title="The genus Inocybe (Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Thailand and Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" volume="230" year="2015">Horak et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3FF51E8996923073C346841C86127B4B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3159/TORREY-D-18-00060.1" author="Matheny, PB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 235" refId="B39" refString="Matheny, PB, Kudzma, LV, 2019. New species of Inocybe (Inocybaceae) from eastern North America. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 146 (3): 213 - 235, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3159/TORREY-D-18-00060.1" title="New species of Inocybe (Inocybaceae) from eastern North America." url="https://doi.org/10.3159/TORREY-D-18-00060.1" volume="146" year="2019">Matheny and Kudzma 2019</bibRefCitation>
). The new combinations are presented at the end of the taxonomy section.
<taxonomicName id="7597B73D15927FF5BCE5721BE0FE2F15" authorityName="E. Horak, Matheny &amp; Desjardin" authorityYear="2015" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inocybe neglecta" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="BC29FAEAE570255130C005E66CB50163" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inocybe neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Thailand was described in the
<taxonomicName id="14DB7195F3F9204AAA6B272997F31809" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Pseudosperma</taxonomicName>
clade by
<bibRefCitation id="C6688FF5D617BD272D6C64396BE1AF50" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" author="Horak, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 238" refId="B19" refString="Horak, E, Matheny, PB, Desjardin, DE, Soytong, K, 2015. The genus Inocybe (Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Thailand and Malaysia. Phytotaxa 230 (3): 201 - 238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" title="The genus Inocybe (Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Thailand and Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.1" volume="230" year="2015">Horak et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
. While it also lacks pleurocystidia and has a strong brown umbonate pileus, it is different from
<taxonomicName id="2AF9BF81E6A0AEB5EA6934754CBA1F52" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="FDC82044278B8FAE2DC40FD26BCE7648" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the smaller pileus (12-18 mm vs. 20-38 mm) and smaller and differently-shaped basidiospores. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="E463EA04B31CA83687BB3C00DCAA28FE" lsidName="I. neglecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="21A38CBAB2FC809F2C9D3E3ED65A18B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the type locality, growing in a tropical montane forest dominated by
<taxonomicName id="75BEE04AC3BACB31701023AE6929DA7C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lithocarpus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="25F2CB6D1853A55D553C16BB0C56460B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lithocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Blume and
<taxonomicName id="5D38555742D15681A1AAC71081F53219" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CDD4C2DC3118C0DFBA5DBFFCCC319519" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(D. Don) Spach (both in
<taxonomicName id="231EB10CC829C1718D347A8152A651FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="F0877AC3BED96392DF77FCB1413FA45F" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Kudzma" authorityYear="2019" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inocybe friabilis" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="friabilis">
<emphasis id="CF55BF5ACFEEF6C1A597683488E2F1F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inocybe friabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described from North America in the
<taxonomicName id="48C951F3921C1EF8172C1F22F5A62624" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Pseudosperma</taxonomicName>
clade, resembles
<taxonomicName id="A898CA4945D5FCF412C084B58BE750CD" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="13356F4AA623AB251D73EE45F765C7E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking pleurocystidia and having a similarly coloured pileus. However,
<taxonomicName id="0D394D35E4E4F32259ADCA293BEB38C2" lsidName="I. friabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="friabilis">
<emphasis id="4A2D3036957EDA7AAE653FE976107FB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. friabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller basidiospores, is associated with
<taxonomicName id="D54A18E135D42F7548F83B69F6CD3F16" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3A28AA3CBEBD81FFD79F601E07788138" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="34DD92810C7295859DE3B4D1F48FB282" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1818" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carya" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="270FE42AB72C024984250B0EB675A28E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and has an eastern United States distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CBBEED12BD6E7B946C151EAD55DA05B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In
<emphasis id="0E4F959B4C1615826AB884BC521F38C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The taxonomic studies of the genus
<taxonomicName id="F702E8C4CF99386BB02615FFC4600C09" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inocybe" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Inocybe</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A65C90C105A3DD9A6711E913D9A588B7" author="Kobayashi, T" journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B27" refString="Kobayashi, T, 2002. The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe. Nova Hedwigia 124: 1 - 246" title="The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe." volume="124" year="2002">Kobayashi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
discussed 136 species, of which 13 (including four varieties and three formae) in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="C95E2A3B4BF1FA04804563E0D6EFC6D4" authority="Rimosae" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inosperma subsp. section" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Rimosae">Inosperma section Rimosae</taxonomicName>
. These are [all referred to as
<taxonomicName id="80D8637D64FC018CE68FFF1C397BE445" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inocybe" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="493291662C36C6BC7B24997CC01C3E8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inocybe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="CFD641C5A9CF0E9F861A1572DD9F125A" author="Kobayashi, T" journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B27" refString="Kobayashi, T, 2002. The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe. Nova Hedwigia 124: 1 - 246" title="The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe." volume="124" year="2002">Kobayashi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
]:
<taxonomicName id="7280584236DE92CD23C0874E80AD7D6C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inosperma adaequatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="adaequatum">
<emphasis id="E74EB4C4105DC0EFDA5A11ED4445D24A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inosperma adaequatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Britzelm.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="8E00BB03F313917BE0BA8E29A94077F7" lsidName="I. aureostipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aureostipes">
<emphasis id="8A339C3D83E88E7B97BAE603661DC93D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. aureostipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kobayasi) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="6BF57A7BA9005D4B8CAF90DCFE8D02AE" lsidName="I. cookei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cookei">
<emphasis id="8EE172E90167B11FEEFB7D0EA2142CEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. cookei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bres.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="3B59EE2A2F339D884620D39A3A856B82" lsidName="I. erubescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="erubescens">
<emphasis id="F74AED05C68BCAB5B9D41FF0B901CF7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. erubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A. Blytt) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. [as its synonym
<taxonomicName id="EA3F498B1BA97498953495E5789DC92F" lsidName="I. patouillardii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="patouillardii">
<emphasis id="5DD48EE375262A79E1127D3317CD2B23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. patouillardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bres.],
<taxonomicName id="33869044A9199C795B15D7E4E5B81DE1" lsidName="I. maculatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="2DCC54DB013D234C62BA9E185C1B9A86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. maculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Boud.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="119B8B590940EC4B764630B5AD1072D2" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kobayasi" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma avellaneum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="avellaneum">
<emphasis id="A0E33C3F6C0DAAF16D1ACCA775F36A14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma avellaneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kobayasi) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="162E3F5FA428C6C99C0335BDA2236CED" lsidName="P. bisporum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bisporum">
<emphasis id="01A92D4DCC1AC2530EE9EAC7E66F426F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bisporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hongo) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="26ED63AAC474F1D4E696F2FA2797DA73" lsidName="P. flavellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavellum">
<emphasis id="B306C61E223326C6FC5EBA4A9B5E6BCE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. flavellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(P. Karst.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="1F3E5A8530A956EB98B1F459D32BB999" lsidName="P. macrospermum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospermum">
<emphasis id="7CB2869E7B7FCC49E94C9603E7F66A5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. macrospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hongo) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="D6FC2A5F317B2CB895CD60014E9D382A" lsidName="P. rimosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rimosum">
<emphasis id="9CB2DD76E08AA0C7F83B1BD71A787396" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rimosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as its synonym
<taxonomicName id="0E2AF7FE851009880F7DA1ADF5932C2E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Inocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Inocybe fastigiata" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fastigiata">
<emphasis id="1DD196059148185CBE8247CC2EDD3CBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inocybe fastigiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schaeff.)
<normalizedToken id="35EAF0316A2C86587CF6F26B1F08D569" originalValue="Quél">Quel</normalizedToken>
.],
<taxonomicName id="BDB581B4BF525ED3E7CE26F8B0898587" lsidName="P. squamatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="squamatum">
<emphasis id="F31B274F0E2502935D60801F1E7FA221" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. squamatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J.E. Lange) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav.,
<taxonomicName id="4D281B8C9734DDBD489EACB18CB63895" lsidName="P. transiens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="transiens">
<emphasis id="585263EF6E0E28AA301912554CC2A79B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. transiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Takah. Kobay.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. and
<taxonomicName id="2D6AAC81A0FE4497EFF69D2D90FC21D7" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="F7700B09817734D48F0DA14D90C251DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Since no sequence data are available for
<taxonomicName id="58762CADF5971561B165FF994FCB628D" lsidName="P. avellaneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="avellaneum">
<emphasis id="531BBA3C426B627C27D2044F5BF8D8D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. avellaneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3613247C46CCB54CAC5A784DB612B65D" lsidName="P. bisporum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bisporum">
<emphasis id="F620C095119277846A5217247DE7B319" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bisporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6595ACDEE09F753DB77CDA1B972541F1" lsidName="P. macrospermum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospermum">
<emphasis id="E7F05280403A868C8ADFFB2004C5FA4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. macrospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EC8E7078178E03508108C8A675A65A9B" lsidName="P. transiens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="transiens">
<emphasis id="E6159EBA6765FA2D9951493DBB25A86D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. transiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we will compare their morphology with the newly-proposed Pakistani species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2B144430BD169412D21B526C2A22E49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E038BDE046BDE337F2BECF2A6AC1163D" authorityName="Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kobayasi" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma avellaneum" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="avellaneum">
<emphasis id="4A8E2DD6A3DCC555E427EBAF0972C6F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma avellaneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pale greyish ochraceous pileus, its basidiospores are smaller and its cheilocystidia are distinctly narrower (width 9.5-14.5 vs. 14-29
<normalizedToken id="4C07B17D6E1B53B35182F0103D57EFEC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) compared to
<taxonomicName id="C977194CBC9A2EF1750754A39B49CD68" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="F1DB3AA069DE9C57F34A33690289F88B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As the only species in
<taxonomicName id="A52D87C82F43911E3783ADCB88FABE6C" lsidName="subsp. sect." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="section" section="Rimosae">sect. Rimosae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="45695F8CC8D67CCB4FDFFD5E05283E03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3A63A6BFBD5FE9AEA4E06CE3F9CBF0E0" author="Kobayashi, T" journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B27" refString="Kobayashi, T, 2002. The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe. Nova Hedwigia 124: 1 - 246" title="The taxonomic studies of the genus Inocybe." volume="124" year="2002">Kobayashi 2002</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="E7CC248FFEB143CB70883689FF7575E2" lsidName="P. bisporum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bisporum">
<emphasis id="5F3E5893DA64577C7B926C98944FE322" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bisporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 2-sterigmate. In addition, this species has a generally shorter stipe (17-26 vs. 22-40 mm in
<taxonomicName id="824B8BE0C1A5E7CF966A69AD65077797" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="FA1E402E81B5EF71310BC573566D7413" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the edges of its lamellae are serrate (with small teeth as a saw) and, again, the cheilocystidia are narrower (width 10.0-13.8 vs. 14-29
<normalizedToken id="45870D6C8F5730CB25FBA508E35F8536" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in
<taxonomicName id="C7FC035D6CA34CAE1FED4CE9A6F19F67" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="FBDDF8B30D16D255D3A5D1DE1405F6AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Another Japanese species,
<taxonomicName id="307FB889C075AF106004DECD42FD2349" lsidName="P. macrospermum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospermum">
<emphasis id="FB98CBD040CD38F628ADE0F9C01FF6FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. macrospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is morphologically different in the following characters: the stipe has a bulbous base, the basidia are shorter and narrower and its pileus is much smaller in diameter. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="7CBFC52428B525086812C8D0B8EED81D" lsidName="P. transiens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="transiens">
<emphasis id="28F553F249893F2B4D2E6D8161276C92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. transiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a much longer stipe, its basidia are always narrower (up to 9.5
<normalizedToken id="887BB39216550C5233904847BF734540" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide) and its cheilocystidia are both longer and narrower ((29-)38-52
<normalizedToken id="70CE608E555B84B1367B1F67D5D2374B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.5-13.8
<normalizedToken id="8D19E6834418D8DD35E8B42DD9ACC3F7" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) compared to
<taxonomicName id="5534A9E0E59BE50E0FC7932246E1A6CC" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="851C5AAFDEE7949E4493315D92147572" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8D170A13E2C23607F1F5297E22BE3A6E" ID-Table-UUID="8D170A13E2C23607F1F5297E22BE3A6E" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8D170A13E2C23607F1F5297E22BE3A6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph id="20B4D83B7302B689DC3B6A35E09429E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="76ABE77E18EE9DB3828FCDC8EAE68454" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of ecological and morphological characters among the three newly described Pakistani species of
<taxonomicName id="DED893DEEEF9327D6415CF0088340960" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Inocybaceae" genus="Pseudosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudosperma" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E219CE66EDE041C33FC674D8C5622BF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and phylogenetically similar species
<taxonomicName id="11B2F50931E2D77E622E4B85AFC411BF" lsidName="P. rimosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rimosum">
<emphasis id="8070D6F95E10F6322A8ED4A7443220AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rimosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="536C08C353246EB8097593194F183253" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="A65CB160FBD1625BF1F5EAA890C16FF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E8A1D239A086AAE538CECFAE2FB8EFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table id="5EC359AEC94A0CCBE2D01E1B94561D9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr id="58D83F45F130E02A3D9523EA4716EFC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th id="8B576D3359D3D088D827177DFE96CBCA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th id="665F5384A2CEF2E130520AAF7D7DFEAA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="3ED5A7A74DDF3A4EBE1B51E0EA8899E5" lsidName="P. brunneoumbonatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneoumbonatum">
<emphasis id="000ABCD8EBAB7FA74391C6EB83E44BEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brunneoumbonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="4631C85FD122F3A3554099DF1F99A9D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6766A32358464315B392AB680677F5A3" lsidName="P. pinophilum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinophilum">
<emphasis id="E45143C5A1FAD5E601BCE89C87F81E98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pinophilum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="C63584DFCAFC20F50523A79D676537E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C0EE7A9501A660F54990CD18F5E029D3" lsidName="P. triacicularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="triacicularis">
<emphasis id="E6F53EE197EDD1196B2D6D9EBCC9E9D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. triacicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="E7B2598ECA3CE2C9BE95C2C3FCEA61E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="27A0143A8B48FE71107478E1C9324415" lsidName="P. rimosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rimosum">
<emphasis id="EFB1E51136E37113D2A81BBD480C17E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rimosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="71C52E92594A2036EE4B8501366EF083" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="CE680EB7C3904D54BE22C8C6AF61D42E" lsidName="P. umbrinellum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="umbrinellum">
<emphasis id="D3AC9EC1C865E0F582D3EFE10D9BC7E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. umbrinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="BEC0398C7039A8D29D0B2D40F0F181A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="BFEFF0A5F7F7611CB834A34A6AC06DF8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="FAFE07FE09CED932AEB121EEF47DE334" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host association(s)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D2857E570B53CA1033B69652DD8AF3EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5E95F9B08912B8C582C26A939DC580BA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="31874CF62AAD5B3758F3AC11CE3ADFF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="385BD32BBCBA9501ACE1C94BEC17A099" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="D21DCEB6EB712051F5F64611A737C8E5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F0DBA3C5E329ECBDC025D18DCA507162" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E84AD5887E6BC96DD30F905C075381CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C73A23F6F318E546FE0F3D3C4671ABF3" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="41C0B8972E18792CF5A05FA7C8139612" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B77FDC4E65FC7EB00529C2605ABCA2E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5DC747BCCD43ADB5F3347B6227CD3D88" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="725BA4583B79843A146098A0B98DCAB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="67EF2DB1D664C35262F59398CE1F0C63" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1B534E263804A78DEDCDD252CBE3ED58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FEFBBDB6556696B6BAAB3CA132573359" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5E2E169C19B1CA473DD76E2FBEAC06A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0673C89F3DF612076FC8FD49C6A08D44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carpinus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CDBD978207C4F362F27B1238CB4F7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7ED51CDDB35EE79D261A16DA27D6AA2C" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Cedrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cedrus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A179DC35410425470C6AA6C270B933CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cedrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E7504C6C604A414144C4BCAE45AC76CC" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Corylus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8560ECA40DEC6C4B064CC84871D41558" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Corylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5575B8FBC5E33E4347F1D7A50129DF24" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3D21ED81047ACAD31586834EAF616469" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DE3FB3A99AAF7B192052D336B2B3BE66" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Larix" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37037F66D70E2A63678167A872C7E746" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="10D0DA0618D933C32ACDD22A043DE897" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="637A6FA7C5DA1ED269F3084585DC7C6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Picea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A0B90E33DAE680273C03E147FF76ACB7" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5E0A8F3F8230C347E8A4F508C53E2D74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F2C274519CE4B018E47C4E711AE9D84D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E9BE79793464835C10664B520A240ABB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C68C3A7E7A4EAC5739A33037477079F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2FB589D9E1EE67896F80B14C161B0286" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6B9EF6165290EBBF58C4806842ABE804" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CB7CB54470B6AA253D420827DE81B80C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8989F4D1A81F05D15343763CD9B60402" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Tilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tilia" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="863B46827BC220911B92F1E8C0E0498F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AEF4A27D1CB0626F26926F7BCC5EF6A9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7234596E98705E937755D1CCEA68809B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cistaceae" genus="Helianthemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helianthemum" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40294D75D00B7A5C6AD7597C6C2DBB3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helianthemum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="401605A0A717139C2858ED3061F77576" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8483EEDF1B8B1F3EC038C83F2C62A50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="39A544AD4385293D431AABB36B42900C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6A0C89C7C87BF9629C7CC7E361AC013B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="35350971952BEF266D21D228D92742AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D80A63D6A2B314680D5E2C5F853998D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="01BCBB5DFBDA3DC259EF36838B220268" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="1A95D3CB4192B2BFCDC73ABD6C3E246C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B6A582290D05CD8F29149D33780DDB87" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pileus color</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="97B09A1211030A54C32E44AB605B4EC2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Strong brown (5YR4/8), disc/umbo deep brown (5YR2/6)</td>
<td id="5396F9D1DB7436D68F875F781FE1D3FF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Strong brown throughout (5YR4/6 to 5YR4/8), with dark brown umbo</td>
<td id="B57397070148D736975D296FCDE22B62" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Brownish orange (5YR5/8) to fulvous</td>
<td id="C0D6F4A736721B99716D607CA753E3D7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Highly variable, from pale to ochraceous yellow brown to dark brown, usually darkest around center; sometimes very conspicuous and bright yellow; sometimes blackish brown</td>
<td id="B95BF0FBDFB141BEC3AF4FAFADE731E5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Hazel to cinnamon brown, warm yellowish to reddish brown caps with a dark center and contrasting strongly rimose and lighter periphery</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DE203EA5DB2BDBC0BC14C0DC20AEC428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="3DC787C914339B9336AB550F1D436B18" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="25062ED5F5B9F0ECF8CBBC72EB90BBFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Umbo</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="2F03DC9CF62EFDA90219067AD1B63136" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute</td>
<td id="EBE78FAF46EC22EB757ECB5DD0A8AC24" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute</td>
<td id="6770AD30286BAF6D057440345575A77E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute to subacute or obtuse</td>
<td id="967BA78283C205D620355F53BE61DAC9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute</td>
<td id="D7B42B9D3152E80E51B02EA98E388A2F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Blunt</td>
</tr>
<tr id="40F669E1C39272CC725ED6394B874012" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="6807FBA8C44DBAEF434AA90654AD37EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B2B71B0F11E9EC5508EF7AF764D8548F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Velipellis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="FF8F5E907163403C8FB99E9221701589" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td id="A593EE7879281F68C659AD97CA8FA28F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td id="5ED23663B0064A9CC329CFCE1469AD1A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td id="AEB269241AC1F2149B558BA542E19B5D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td id="BA40C9DF7A173B17EB8F4C58DBA3299E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="55F991352A3CD0D1537AB1D4A672715C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="41C571C5EC1BC40C6E116E8D3E9B0FDE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="29163364DFE12B6E02B6EFE62BB2F80F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Basidiospores</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="027D98C49FA4AC5D43BE4DFA52FD55CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
10.3-15.3(-16.7)
<normalizedToken id="27CF9BE7F3691A45A187C797842DAD92" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.6-9.9
<normalizedToken id="4FC2811B85D0129BED69A80894B69384" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="D711C787B82152ACF08C07D99640CAFC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
(8.2-)9.4-15.8
<normalizedToken id="382C4970A072267E8E04F050A0B897E4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.3-8
<normalizedToken id="D5CD98A53794DC43D76ADDBD7CD1C0B3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="CF76B6D9B4F3E3B21AA0E1879FD5392F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
(7.7-)8.9-12.5
<normalizedToken id="13C131F530F19460CC265B6FD416B84C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.1-7.7
<normalizedToken id="D8188A3A956B6F3D593B998C75BFA2F6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="A17ABD1994AD27721E2FD1572F2F3C78" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
9.5-12.5
<normalizedToken id="55622ACCF2E2526CD63C872EFC8ED9AF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.0-7.0
<normalizedToken id="D3AD97151E3F7D86E17BCE08B6AD7CA1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="1E7F3139C0C678E7181D4A69B43D76D2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
10.0-13.0
<normalizedToken id="30ADF306BCF42539D9C9FF271FD6F9D1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-6.5
<normalizedToken id="D4057CE7DC86193B483E785AD30ED700" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B02A38C3943F4CB0C4725A6AAB4ECD57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="061B47C11363439C39AD00DAF670C2F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="14988BEDB621CCE06682DE7764592E80" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reference(s)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C97878E60DCE51EA90E7DB94B060A43E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">This paper</td>
<td id="89BAEF539E59642A5683AC788A220D60" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">This paper</td>
<td id="9F84052B7A396B39D7E02B0F9EB711F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">This paper</td>
<td id="3D8A49980F9AE032C8F2557F30B32C49" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="A2117B1A1CA6393C1AD96181874C76C0" author="Kuyper, TW" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B29" refString="Kuyper, TW, 1986. A revision of the genus Inocybein Europe. I.SubgenusInosperma and the smooth-spored species of subgenusInocybe. Persoonia Suppl.3: 1-247." title="A revision of the genus Inocybein Europe. I. SubgenusInosperma and the smooth-spored species of subgenusInocybe. Persoonia Suppl. 3: 1 - 247." year="1986">Kuyper (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="310F0AE9EFD94680D3E6BC77605987AF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" author="Larsson, E" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="86 - 98" refId="B31" refString="Larsson, E, Ryberg, M, Moreau, PA, Mathiesen, AD, Jacobsson, S, 2009. Taxonomy and evolutionary relationships within species of section Rimosae (Inocybe) based on ITS, LSU and mtSSU sequence data. Persoonia 23: 86 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" title="Taxonomy and evolutionary relationships within species of section Rimosae (Inocybe) based on ITS, LSU and mtSSU sequence data." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" volume="23" year="2009">Larsson et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="121274C1F0C0E814744D00AA9C11F8A9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="FC046693ECA1B298F71DE0308CB0894E" author="Kuyper, TW" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B29" refString="Kuyper, TW, 1986. A revision of the genus Inocybein Europe. I.SubgenusInosperma and the smooth-spored species of subgenusInocybe. Persoonia Suppl.3: 1-247." title="A revision of the genus Inocybein Europe. I. SubgenusInosperma and the smooth-spored species of subgenusInocybe. Persoonia Suppl. 3: 1 - 247." year="1986">Kuyper (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="5DE4EFB7C9E04E911846C659AF742798" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" author="Larsson, E" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="86 - 98" refId="B31" refString="Larsson, E, Ryberg, M, Moreau, PA, Mathiesen, AD, Jacobsson, S, 2009. Taxonomy and evolutionary relationships within species of section Rimosae (Inocybe) based on ITS, LSU and mtSSU sequence data. Persoonia 23: 86 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" title="Taxonomy and evolutionary relationships within species of section Rimosae (Inocybe) based on ITS, LSU and mtSSU sequence data." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X475913" volume="23" year="2009">Larsson et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>