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<document id="E5E8D70FEECD17987C705E6E84A9F26E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199737" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1a2de676-3130-423f-b8b7-2547976ff4ca" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199737" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460344367650" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ronderos, María M., Cazorla, Carla G. &amp; Spinelli, Gustavo R." docDate="2010" docId="03C587C9FFE1FFE6658B15B3FA5DFEFA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02716p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2716" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFFCFFB1FFE0FFE1651C1032FFC8FF9E" masterDocTitle="The immature stages of the biting midge Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="42" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698261816699" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BB7F6CB83CD8125B027A5D9293A31D60">The immature stages of the biting midge Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90A476C3041D994A21BEA65237F918EB">Ronderos, María M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E1036059E8064169E3E35228D16665F5">Cazorla, Carla G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F02014AA177A7A5C14E7C547E6C791C">Spinelli, Gustavo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AC1B5D544BC35E2055387B1E5D19B607">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="48BC5F0D61B34805A18FD92C965ACBB2">
<mods:date id="725CEF0B978F9A24F533FC45F3D6F86B">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8CF8AF3B47542A97F9634A04AE52F1E0">2716</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="328B64D8B9541DC3C6DAF4EE661E5EE0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E83D51EBB35788BBD384FB0ECF76928B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199737</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="736D66AF41475C30A435C82C31DA5BA7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="582A8C2B285A03B77BA98462A8EC60C5" type="Zenodo-Dep">199737</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C587C9FFE1FFE6658B15B3FA5DFEFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6202537" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119406969" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6202537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587C9FFE1FFE6658B15B3FA5DFEFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587C9FFE1FFE6658B15B3FA5DFEFA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="C3766554FFE1FFE0658B15B3FEE8FA22" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B15B3FE22FA05" blockId="1.[151,490,1409,1468]" box="[151,490,1409,1435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="D09B81B3FFE1FFE0658B15B3FE22FA05" bold="true" box="[151,490,1409,1435]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0658B15B3FE22FA05" ID-CoL="8BNYK" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" box="[151,490,1409,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B15B3FE22FA05" bold="true" box="[151,490,1409,1435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B15B3FE6FFA05" bold="true" box="[151,423,1409,1435]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
Lutz
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B1596FEE8FA22" blockId="1.[151,490,1409,1468]" box="[151,288,1444,1468]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
(
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE1FFE065831596FEDFFA22" box="[159,279,1444,1468]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStart-2="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStart-3="FIGURE 29 – 31" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,255,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetBox-1="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetBox-2="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetBox-3="[271,1286,438,1869]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[261,1303,410,1907]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." captionText-1="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." captionText-2="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." captionText-3="FIGURE 29 – 31. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa. Fig. 29: respiratory horn. Fig. 30: first abdominal segment, detail tubercles. Fig. 31: fourth abdominal segment, detail tubercles." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/199741/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Figs. 1–31</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766554FFE1FFE2658B15DEFB36FB65" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B15DEFD42F969" blockId="1.[151,1437,1516,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11F1FFE1FFE0658B15DEFD42F969" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0658B15DEFDEDF99C" ID-CoL="8BNYK" authority="Lutz, 1913: 60" authorityName="Lutz" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,549,1516,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B15DEFE4CF99C" box="[151,388,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0649015DFFDEDF99C" author="Lutz" box="[396,549,1516,1538]" page="60" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0649015DFFE37F99F" author="Lutz" box="[396,511,1516,1538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Lutz A. (1913) Contribucao para o conhecimento das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas de Brasil. Parte Sistematica. Segunda Memoria. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5: 45 - 73." type="journal article" year="1913">Lutz, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 60
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(female;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0679715DEFD05F99C" box="[651,717,1516,1538]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE067FD15DEFC4FF99C" author="Macfie" box="[737,903,1516,1538]" page="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE067FD15DEFCA6F99F" author="Macfie" box="[737,878,1516,1538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Macfie J. W. S (1937) Ceratopogonidae from Trinidad. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 10, 20: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1937">Macfie, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 7
</treatmentCitation>
(female; redescrip.;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0617C15DEFB73F99C" box="[1120,1211,1516,1538]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE061D315DEFEDFF9BE" author="Floch" page="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1942">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE061D315DEFF35F9BE" author="Floch" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Floch H. &amp; Abonnenc E. (1942) Ceratopogonides hematophages de la Guyane Francaise. Publication de l'Institut Pasteur de la Guyane et du Territory de L'Inini, 37: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1942">Floch &amp; Abonnenc, 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 3
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE064341639FEB4F9BF" box="[296,380,1547,1569]" name="French Guiana" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Guyane</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0648E1638FD99F9BE" author="Barbosa" box="[402,593,1546,1568]" page="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0648E1638FDE3F9BE" author="Barbosa" box="[402,555,1546,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Barbosa F. A. S. (1952) Novos subsidios para o conhecimento dos Culicoides neotropicos (Diptera: Heleidae). Thesis, Universidade do Recife, Recife: Imprensa Industrial, 21 pp." type="book" year="1952">Barbosa, 1952</bibRefCitation>
: 12
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0677E1638FD03F9BE" box="[610,715,1546,1568]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE067C51638FCD3F9BE" box="[729,795,1546,1568]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0662C1638FBC9F9BE" author="Forattini" box="[816,1025,1546,1568]" page="383" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0662C1638FC06F9BE" author="Forattini" box="[816,974,1546,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Forattini O. P. (1957) Culicoides da Regiao Neotropical (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Arquivos da Faculdade de Higiene e Saude Publica da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 11: 159 - 526." type="journal article" year="1957">Forattini, 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 383
</treatmentCitation>
(in part.; redescrip.; distrib.);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE060581638FE5BF9A1" author="Wirth" page="442" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE060581638FE96F9A1" author="Wirth" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Wirth W. W. &amp; Blanton F. S. (1959) Biting midges of the genus Culicoides from Panama (Diptera: Heleidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 109: 237 - 482." type="journal article" year="1959">Wirth &amp; Blanton, 1959</bibRefCitation>
: 442
</treatmentCitation>
(redescrip.;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE067071618FDB8F9A1" box="[539,624,1578,1599]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Panama</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE067991618FC64F9A1" author="Franca" box="[645,940,1577,1599]" page="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE067991618FC4EF9A1" author="Franca" box="[645,902,1577,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Franca Rodriguez M. E. (1963) Primeros estudios sobre los Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae. Revista Uruguaya de Patologia Clinica, 1: 65 - 70." type="journal article" year="1963">
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE067991618FD02F9A1" box="[645,714,1578,1599]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Franca</collectingCountry>
Rodriguez, 1963
</bibRefCitation>
: 67
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE066A21618FBD4F9DE" box="[958,1052,1578,1600]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0612F161BFAE7F9A1" author="Messersmith" box="[1075,1327,1577,1599]" page="339" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0612F161BFB34F9A1" author="Messersmith" box="[1075,1276,1577,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Messersmith D. H. (1964) The breeding site of Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Virginia. Mosquito News, 24: 339." type="journal article" year="1964">Messersmith, 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 339
</treatmentCitation>
(Virginia; breeding site);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE06442167AFDBEF9C0" author="Smith" box="[350,630,1608,1630]" page="520" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE06442167AFD8FF9C0" author="Smith" box="[350,583,1608,1630]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Smith W. W., Vannell J. H. Jr. (1967) Hydrogenion concentration (pH) as related to the occurrence and abundance of tree-holes dwelling Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in northern Florida. Mosquito News, 27: 519 - 521." type="journal article" year="1967">Smith &amp; Varnell, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 520
</treatmentCitation>
(Florida; tree holes);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0664E167AFBA5F9C3" author="Wirth" box="[850,1133,1608,1630]" page="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0664E167AFB82F9C3" author="Wirth" box="[850,1098,1608,1630]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Wirth W. W. &amp; Blanton F. S. (1971 a) New Neotropical sandflies of the Culicoides debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 73: 34 - 43." type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">Wirth &amp; Blanton, 1971a</bibRefCitation>
: 34
</treatmentCitation>
(redescrip.; distrib.);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE06054167AFE41F9E2" author="Wirth" page="75" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE06054167AFEAEF9E2" author="Wirth" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Wirth W. W. &amp; Blanton F. S. (1971 b) New species and synonymy of Florida Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 54: 73 - 78." type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Wirth &amp; Blanton, 1971b</bibRefCitation>
: 75
</treatmentCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0648B1655FE15F9E3" ID-CoL="8839N" box="[407,477,1639,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khalafi">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0648B1655FE15F9E3" box="[407,477,1639,1661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">khalafi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as syn.; notes);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0679C1654FC47F9E2" author="Blanton" box="[640,911,1638,1660]" page="78" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0679C1654FCA4F9E2" author="Blanton" box="[640,876,1638,1660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Blanton F. S. &amp; Wirth W. W. (1979) The sand flies (Culicoides) of Florida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 10: 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1979">Blanton &amp; Wirth, 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 78
</treatmentCitation>
(redescrip.; distrib.);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE061761654FA99F9E2" author="Vitale" box="[1130,1361,1638,1661]" page="149" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE061761654FAE9F9E2" author="Vitale" box="[1130,1313,1638,1661]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Vitale G. W., Wirth W. W. &amp; Aitken T. H. (1981) New species and records of Culicoides reared from arboreal habitats in Panama, with a synopsis of debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 83: 140 - 159." type="journal article" year="1981">
Vitale
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE061B1165AFB28F9E3" box="[1197,1248,1639,1661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 1981
</bibRefCitation>
: 149
</treatmentCitation>
(notes;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE065DB16B4FED4F905" box="[199,284,1670,1691]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Panama</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0643116B7FDA4F905" author="Spinelli" box="[301,620,1669,1691]" page="304" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0643116B7FDF3F905" author="Spinelli" box="[301,571,1669,1691]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Spinelli G. R. &amp; Ronderos M. M. (1997) Description of the male and revalidation of Culicoides debilipalpis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 123 (4): 303 - 309." type="journal article" year="1997">Spinelli &amp; Ronderos 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 304
</treatmentCitation>
(revalidation);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0661616B7FBFBF905" author="Borkent" box="[778,1075,1669,1691]" page="32" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0661616B7FBC7F905" author="Borkent" box="[778,1039,1669,1691]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Borkent A. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (2000) Catalogue of the new world biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomological International, 4 (1): 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent &amp; Spinelli, 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 32
</treatmentCitation>
(in Neotropical catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0602716B7FEA6F927" author="Ronderos" page="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0602716B7FE83F927" author="Ronderos" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Ronderos M. M., Greco N. M. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (2003 a) Diversity of biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the area of the Yacyreta dam lake between Argentina and Paraguay. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98 (1): 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="a">
Ronderos
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE065DB1697FF33F924" box="[199,251,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 2003a
</bibRefCitation>
: 22
</treatmentCitation>
(Yacyretá dam lake area); Spinelli
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE067C01697FCD8F924" box="[732,784,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005: 141 (in key;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE066FF1696FB85F924" box="[995,1101,1700,1722]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE061431696FA54F924" author="Trindade" box="[1119,1436,1700,1722]" page="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE061431696FABFF924" author="Trindade" box="[1119,1399,1700,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Trindade, R. L. &amp; Gorayeb, I. S. (2005) Maruims (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) do Estuario do Rio Para e do Litoral do Estado do Para, Brasil. Entomologia y Vectores, 12 (1): 61 - 74." type="journal article" year="2005">Trindade &amp; Gorayeb, 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 67
</treatmentCitation>
(Pará,
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0641616F0FE84F946" box="[266,332,1730,1752]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0644316F0FD41F946" author="Borkent" box="[351,649,1730,1752]" page="66" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0644316F0FDAEF946" author="Borkent" box="[351,614,1730,1752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Borkent A. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis J., Arias J. R., Rueda- Delgado G. &amp; Wantzen K. M. (Eds.): Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp." type="book" year="2007">Borkent &amp; Spinelli, 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 66
</treatmentCitation>
(in Neotropical catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0668F16F0FB73F946" author="Borkent" box="[915,1211,1730,1752]" page="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0668F16F0FB5FF946" author="Borkent" box="[915,1175,1730,1752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Borkent A. &amp; Grogan W. L. Jr. (2009) Catalog of the New World Biting Midges North of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 2273: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="2009">Borkent &amp; Grogan, 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
(in Nearctic catalog); Borkent, 2009: 80 (in online World catalog).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B1732FE3CF8AA" blockId="1.[151,1437,1516,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11F1FFE1FFE0658B1732FE3CF8AA" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0658B1732FD42F888" ID-CoL="32CPG" authority="Ronderos &amp; Spinelli, 1995: 77" authorityName="Ronderos &amp; Spinelli" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,650,1792,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ichesi">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B1732FE8EF888" box="[151,326,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Culicoides ichesi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE064521732FD42F888" author="Ronderos" box="[334,650,1792,1814]" page="77" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE064521732FDADF888" author="Ronderos" box="[334,613,1792,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Ronderos M. M. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (1995) Redescripcion de Culicoides lahillei y descripcion de Culicoides ichesi, n. sp. de la Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropica, 41: 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="1995">Ronderos &amp; Spinelli, 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 77
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(female;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE067F21732FC9EF888" box="[750,854,1792,1814]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0667D1733FC08F888" box="[865,960,1793,1814]" name="Paraguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE066D01733FBE1F888" box="[972,1065,1793,1814]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE061201732FAB0F88B" author="Ronderos" box="[1084,1400,1792,1814]" page="81" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE061201732FA9BF88B" author="Ronderos" box="[1084,1363,1792,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Ronderos M. M. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (1998) Las especies de Culicoides en el area de influencia de la represa de Yacyreta (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 57: 79 - 83." type="journal article" year="1998">Ronderos &amp; Spinelli, 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 81
</treatmentCitation>
(in key; Yacyretá dam lake area).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B170FFCECF8CD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1516,1998]" box="[151,804,1853,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11F1FFE1FFE0658B170FFCECF8CD" box="[151,804,1853,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0658B170FFE35F8CD" ID-CoL="8839N" authority="Beck, 1957: 104" authorityName="Beck" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,509,1853,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khalafi">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B170FFE87F8CD" box="[151,335,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Culicoides khalafi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0644A170FFE35F8CD" author="Beck" box="[342,509,1853,1875]" page="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0644A170FFE05F8CD" author="Beck" box="[342,461,1853,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Beck E. C. (1957) Two new species of Culicoides from Florida (Diptera: Heleidae). Florida Entomologist, 40: 103 - 105." type="journal article" year="1957">Beck, 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 104
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(male, female; Florida; fig.).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE1FFE0658B176EFB14F850" blockId="1.[151,1437,1516,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11F1FFE1FFE0658B176EFB14F850" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0658B176EFDB4F8EC" authority="Spinelli &amp; Wirth, 1986: 62" authorityName="Spinelli &amp; Wirth" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,636,1884,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lahillei">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0658B176EFE9CF8EC" box="[151,340,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Culicoides lahillei</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0647F176EFDB4F8EC" author="Spinelli" box="[355,636,1884,1906]" page="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0647F176EFD9EF8EC" author="Spinelli" box="[355,598,1884,1906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Spinelli G. R. &amp; Wirth W. W. (1986) Clave para la identificacion de las especies del genero Culicoides Latreille presentes al sur de la cuenca amazonica. Nuevas citas y notas sinonimicas (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 44: 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="1986">Spinelli &amp; Wirth, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 62
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(misident., in part., syn.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE06699176EFC34F8EC" ID-CoL="8BNYK" box="[901,1020,1884,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE06699176EFC34F8EC" box="[901,1020,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE06109176EFB30F8EF" author="Wirth" box="[1045,1272,1884,1906]" page="48" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE06109176EFB1AF8EF" author="Wirth" box="[1045,1234,1884,1906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Wirth W. W., Dyce A. L. &amp; Spinelli G. R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1988">
Wirth
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0614B176FFB45F8EC" box="[1111,1165,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 1988
</bibRefCitation>
: 48
</treatmentCitation>
(in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE06039176EFA95F8EC" box="[1317,1373,1884,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Atrichopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlas">Atlas</taxonomicName>
, wing photo.);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0643D1748FDE3F80E" author="Spinelli" box="[289,555,1914,1937]" page="735" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0643D1748FE3FF80E" author="Spinelli" box="[289,503,1914,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Spinelli G. R., Ronderos M. M. &amp; Balseiro E. G. (1989) Analisis de la actividad diaria de dipteros nematoceros en Punta Lara (Pdo. Ensenada, Prov. de Buenos Aires). II. Ceratopogonidae, con la descripcion de una especie nueva del genero Atrichopogon. Limnobios, 2: 733 - 737." type="journal article" year="1989">
Spinelli
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE06466174EFE79F80F" box="[378,433,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 1989
</bibRefCitation>
: 735
</treatmentCitation>
(in list);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE067881748FC12F80E" author="Spinelli" box="[660,986,1914,1936]" page="91" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE067881748FC7BF80E" author="Spinelli" box="[660,947,1914,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Spinelli G. R. &amp; Ronderos M. M. (1991) Los polvorines del genero Culicoides en areas de influencia de la represa de Salto Grande (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropica, 37: 83 - 94." type="journal article" year="1991">Spinelli &amp; Ronderos, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 91
</treatmentCitation>
(Salto Grande dam lake area);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE060331748FE56F831" author="Spinelli" page="176" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE060331748FEA1F831" author="Spinelli" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Spinelli G. R. &amp; Martinez M. (1991) The genus Culicoides in Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 5: 175 - 179." type="journal article" year="1991">Spinelli &amp; Martinez, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 176
</treatmentCitation>
(in key;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE0671917A8FDAAF831" box="[517,610,1946,1967]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0676417ABFCB0F831" author="Waller" box="[632,888,1945,1968]" page="352" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0676417ABFC8BF831" author="Waller" box="[632,835,1945,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Waller J., Lancelot R., Lefevre P. C. &amp; Kremer M. (1990) Note faunistique sur les Culicoides de Guyane (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revue d'elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des pays tropicaux, 43: 349 - 364." type="journal article" year="1990">
Waller
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE067DA17A9FD35F831" box="[710,765,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 1990
</bibRefCitation>
: 352
</treatmentCitation>
(redescrip;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE066E517A8FB84F82E" box="[1017,1100,1946,1968]" name="Guyana" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Guyana</collectingCountry>
);?
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE0617717ABFA54F831" author="Lamberson" box="[1131,1436,1945,1968]" page="117" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE0617717ABFAA1F831" author="Lamberson" box="[1131,1385,1945,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Lamberson C., Pappas C. D. &amp; Pappas L. G. (1992) Pupal taxonomy of the tree-hole Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Eastern North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 85 (2): 111 - 120." type="journal article" year="1992">
Lamberson
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE061F617A9FAEAF831" box="[1258,1314,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
, 1992
</bibRefCitation>
: 117
</treatmentCitation>
(descrip. pupa;
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE06478178AFE7DF850" box="[356,437,1976,1998]" name="Georgia" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Georgia</collectingCountry>
and Missouri,
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE1FFE06750178AFD4BF850" box="[588,643,1976,1998]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">USA</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10CEFFE1FFE06789178AFC6FF853" author="Borkent" box="[661,935,1976,1998]" page="72" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B2EFFE1FFE06789178AFC4CF853" author="Borkent" box="[661,900,1976,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Borkent A. &amp; Wirth W. W. (1997) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233: 257 pp." type="book" year="1997">Borkent &amp; Wirth, 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 72
</treatmentCitation>
(in catalog; syn.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE1FFE0614A178AFB06F850" ID-CoL="8BNYK" box="[1110,1230,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE1FFE0614A178AFB06F850" box="[1110,1230,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF136657FFE2FFE3658B1619FF36F93D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE2FFE3658B1619FF36F93D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1579,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE2FFE3658B1619FEFDF9DD" bold="true" box="[151,309,1579,1603]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 1–7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE2FFE36422161EFDFEF9DD" ID-CoL="8BNYK" box="[318,566,1580,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE2FFE36422161EFDFEF9DD" box="[318,566,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “o”.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE2FFE2658B16E2FDD7FDA2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1743,2020]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,644]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE2FFE3658B16E2FEB5F976" bold="true" box="[151,381,1743,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Fourth instar larva</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE3649016E2FDCFF976" box="[396,519,1744,1768]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox-0="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetBox-1="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." captionText-1="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 1–14</figureCitation>
). For measurements and ratios of head capsule and caudal segment with SEM see
<tableCitation id="C6EE0364FFE2FFE3658B16C6FF38F892" box="[151,240,1780,1804]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,687,711]" captionText="TABLE 1. Culicoides debilipalpis, larvae. Measurements with SEM and ratios of head capsule and caudal segment. All" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Larvae length
<quantity id="4C949B3AFFE2FFE364B216C6FDDFF892" box="[430,535,1780,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="2.29">2.29 mm</quantity>
(SEM). Small larva. Head capsule (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE366D616C6FBF3F892" box="[970,1083,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE3615016C6FB42F892" box="[1100,1162,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">8, 14</figureCitation>
) yellowish, moderately elongate, apex slightly bent ventrally, HL 0.14–0.17 (0.155, n=11) mm, HW 0.09–0.14 (0.114, n=11) mm, HR 0.56–0.87 (0.738, n=11), SGW 0.096–0.10 (0.098, n=3), SGR 1.20–1.26 (1.24, n= 3). All setae simple, moderately thin, medium-sized to elongate, chaetotaxy as in
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE367C51752FC80F8E6" box="[729,840,1888,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
. Antenna short. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE361651752FB23F8E6" box="[1145,1259,1888,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
) as long as its greatest, basal width, with pair of anterolateral sensilla styloconica (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE366BA17B6FC25F802" box="[934,1005,1924,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
); palatum (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE3616D17B6FB17F802" box="[1137,1247,1924,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 3, 5</figureCitation>
) with 3 pairs of closely-spaced sensilla trichoidea (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE36703179AFDACF85E" box="[543,612,1960,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
); messors (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE367FA179AFCE1F85E" box="[742,809,1960,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) small, thin, gently sclerotized, curved; well developed scopae (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE365E817FEFEACF87A" box="[244,356,1996,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
). Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE364FD17FEFD85F87A" box="[481,589,1996,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
) with short papillae; maxillary palpus (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE2FFE3610D17FEFBBAF87A" box="[1041,1138,1996,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Fig. 3–5</figureCitation>
) short, cylindrical, with 4 subapical papillae, two long, other two short, triangular-shaped lateral lobe; galeolacinia with long seta (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2603F10A5FA58FF31" box="[1315,1424,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
). Mandible (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE26408108EFEB7FF4A" box="[276,383,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
) medium length, hooked, curved, with broad base, two elongate, small pointed teeth, inner tooth smaller, with medium-sized setae on basal portion near hypocondyle, one insertion of seta on ectal margin (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE265831136FF2CFE82" box="[159,228,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); ML
<quantity id="4C949B3AFFE3FFE2642C1136FE50FE82" box="[304,408,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
, MW
<quantity id="4C949B3AFFE3FFE264FE1136FD83FE82" box="[482,587,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
. Hypostoma (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE267F71136FCBEFE82" box="[747,886,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 2–3, 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE266981136FC5AFE82" box="[900,914,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">8</figureCitation>
) with quadrangular, mesal, smooth elevation, lateral margin serrate. Labium small. Epipharynx (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2661D1115FC7CFEA1" box="[769,948,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 8, 10–14</figureCitation>
) poorly massive, with 2 ventral combs superimposed, dorsal comb sclerites short, with 22–24 small rounded teeth on posterior edge; lateral arms membranous with lateral curtains, LAW 0.051–0.055 (0.054, n=3) mm, DCW 0.011–0.018 (0.016, n=3). Hypopharynx (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2645A11A6FE20FE32" box="[326,488,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 8 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[252,1322,441,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[252,1335,398,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 8 – 14. Culicoides debilipalpi s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 8–9, 14</figureCitation>
) elongate, thin, moderately sclerotized, arms without fringe or posterior comb. Thoracic pigmentation uniformly pale, with notorious long setae. Abdominal segments whitish. Caudal segment (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2658311EEFEC4FE6A" box="[159,268,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[341,1233,202,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[324,1248,165,1566]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 7. Culicoides debilipalpis, larva (SEM). Fig. 1: head capsule, chaetotaxy (dorsolateral view). Fig. 2: head capsule, chaetotaxy (ventrolateral view). Fig. 3: head capsule (anterolateral view). Fig. 4: maxilla (lateral view). Fig. 5: head capsule (anteroventral view). Fig. 6: caudal segment, chaetotaxy (dorsal view). Fig. 7: caudal segment, insertion of setae “ o ”." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 6–7</figureCitation>
) with 6 pairs of setae, four of these long, stout, pale brown, other two thin; CSL 0.305–0.309 (0.306, n=3) mm, CSW 0.129–0.156 (0.146, n=3) mm, CSR 0.38–0.51 (0.462, n=3), OL 0.150–0.204 (0.171, n= 7) mm, OD 0.022–0.026 (0.023, n=6) mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE265DB127AFDC1FD1A" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE3FFE265DB127AFEACFDFE" bold="true" box="[199,356,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Instars I–III.</emphasis>
Similar to fourth instar, but with differences in size and some proportions. For measurements and ratios with SEM see
<tableCitation id="C6EE0364FFE3FFE264B3125EFDCBFD1A" box="[431,515,620,644]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,687,711]" captionText="TABLE 1. Culicoides debilipalpis, larvae. Measurements with SEM and ratios of head capsule and caudal segment. All" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF136657FFE3FFE2658B129DFA54FD59" box="[151,1436,687,711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE2658B129DFA54FD59" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" box="[151,1436,687,711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE3FFE2658B129DFEC1FD59" bold="true" box="[151,265,687,711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE3FFE2640D1282FDC0FD59" ID-CoL="8BNYK" box="[273,520,688,711]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE3FFE2640D1282FDC0FD59" box="[273,520,688,711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, larvae. Measurements with SEM and ratios of head capsule and caudal segment. All
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE2658B12E1FE32FD74" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" box="[151,506,723,746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">measurements are in millimeters.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE267551334FD19FC83" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" box="[585,721,774,797]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Larval instar</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE267551303FB16FCD6" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" box="[585,1246,817,840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">I II III IV</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE26583136EFB39FB83" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Head Capsule HL 0.0916 0.0973 0.117 0.134 HW 0.0809 0.0812 0.0875 0.0915 HR 1.13 1.19 1.33 1.46 SGW 0.0565 0.0556 0.0490 0.0451 SGR 1.43 1.46 1.78 2.02</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE265831403FB36FB65" blockId="3.[151,1436,687,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Caudal Segment CSL --- --- 0.249 0.361 CSW --- --- 0.101 0.156 CSR --- --- 2.46 2.31 OL --- --- --- 0.193 OD --- --- 0.06 0.078</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766554FFE3FFE565DB157EFC9BFE19" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE3FFE565DB157EFC9BFE19" blockId="3.[151,1436,1355,2027]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE3FFE265DB157EFEABFAFD" bold="true" box="[199,355,1356,1379]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Female pupa</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2646F1579FE35FAFD" box="[371,509,1355,1379]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStart-1="FIGURE 29 – 31" captionStartId-0="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,255,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetBox-1="[271,1286,438,1869]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[261,1303,410,1907]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." captionText-1="FIGURE 29 – 31. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa. Fig. 29: respiratory horn. Fig. 30: first abdominal segment, detail tubercles. Fig. 31: fourth abdominal segment, detail tubercles." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/199741/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–31</figureCitation>
). Exuviae pale yellowish brown. Length of cephalothorax 0.792–1.025 (0.908, n= 6) mm, its width 0.466–0.605 (0.566, n= 6) mm. Operculum (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE26649155DFBC0FA19" box="[853,1032,1391,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–16, 20</figureCitation>
, 22) slightly wider than long, distal margin nearly straight; disc surface covered by stout rounded spinules; anteromarginal tubercle (am) welldeveloped,
<quantity id="4C949B3AFFE3FFE2640B1585FE5FFA4E" box="[279,407,1463,1488]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2899999999999996" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.0329">0.0329 mm</quantity>
(SEM) (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE264E41585FD61FA51" box="[504,681,1463,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–16, 20</figureCitation>
, 22), base rounded, wide, with one long, stout, pointed seta inserted in a conical-shaped area,
<quantity id="4C949B3AFFE3FFE264A215E9FD89FA6D" box="[446,577,1499,1523]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.0852">0.0852 mm</quantity>
(SEM); basal sensillum present; posterior margin slightly convex, smooth except for few small rounded spinules between anteromarginal tubercles; OL 0.122–0.186 (0.171, n=6) mm; OW 0.022–0.026 (0.023, n=7) mm; OW/OL 1.04–1.31 (1.18, n=4). Respiratory horn (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2612F1611FB74F9A5" box="[1075,1212,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–17</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE261D51611FB2EF9A5" box="[1225,1254,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 29 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[271,1286,438,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[261,1303,410,1907]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 29 – 31. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa. Fig. 29: respiratory horn. Fig. 30: first abdominal segment, detail tubercles. Fig. 31: fourth abdominal segment, detail tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199741/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">29</figureCitation>
) medium-sized, slender, yellowish, distal half dark brown, large scale-like spines; 7–8 apical spiracles, 2–3 laterobasal ones; pedicel stout, P 0.033–0.04 (0.037, n=4) mm; RH 0.17–0.19 (0.18, n=5) mm; P/RH 0.132, 0.19–0.21 (0.20, n=4). Cephalothoracic tubercles as follows: anterodorsal tubercle (ad) prominent, with large, pointed setae (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2601A16BDFA47F939" box="[1286,1423,1679,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
); dorsolateral tubercle (dl) (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE264D41681FD63F955" box="[456,683,1715,1739]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 15–17, 19–20</figureCitation>
) small, blunt, with 2 setae, one long, thin, other minute; dorsal tubercles (d): i with minute seta, ii with medium-sized, stout seta; iii with long seta; iv with very long, thin seta, v small, minute seta (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE2646916C9FDC8F88D" box="[373,512,1787,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Figs. 16, 21</figureCitation>
). Two ventrolateral (vl) long, thin setae (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE266CF16C9FBE0F88D" box="[979,1064,1787,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
); 2 ventromedial (vm), mediumsized setae, one stouter (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE264AF1712FDC1F8A6" box="[435,521,1824,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 21" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[272,1314,164,1765]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 21. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). Abdominal segments with smooth integument, with scarce spicules spread on anterior and posterior portions; each segment with small pigmented anterolateral spiracle (sp). First abdominal segment (
<figureCitation id="13572A5AFFE3FFE26418175AFE9EF81E" box="[260,342,1896,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 29 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[271,1286,438,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[261,1303,410,1907]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 29 – 31. Culicoides debilipalpis, pupa. Fig. 29: respiratory horn. Fig. 30: first abdominal segment, detail tubercles. Fig. 31: fourth abdominal segment, detail tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199741/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) with setae as follows: 2 anteromesal thin setae, one long, other medium-sized; 2 posterior setae, mesal one very long, thin, other minute. Fourth segment (Figs. 23–25, 31) with all tubercles with small base: 2 dorsal anterosubmarginal tubercles (dasm), i–ii short setae, i thiner than ii; 5 dorsal posteromarginal tubercles (dpm), i–ii short seta, iii without seta, iv–v minute setae; 3 lateral posteromarginal tubercles (lpm), i, iii spur-like, pointed setae, ii very long, thin seta; one lateral anterosubmarginal tubercle (lasm) spur-like seta; 3 ventral posteromarginal tubercles (vpm), i minute seta, ii long, thin seta, iii short, stout seta. Caudal segment (Fig. 26) approximately 1.25 times as long as greatest width, length 0.18–0.22 (0.201, n= 7) mm, width 0.10–0.19 (0.146, n= 7) mm; posteriorly directed spicules restricted to narrow anterior band, not connected to central inverted V-shaped patch of spicules; mesal spicules patch not extending to posterolateral processes, these moderately elongated, subparallel with pointed, dark tips; ventral surface of posterolateral processes with spicules present on each side of midline. Male caudal segment (Figs. 27–28) similar to female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF136657FFE4FFE5658B1753FEE5F846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199739/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="46" targetBox="[252,1322,441,1888]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE4FFE5658B1753FEE5F846" blockId="4.[151,1436,1889,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE4FFE5658B1753FE8AF8E7" bold="true" box="[151,322,1889,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 8–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE4FFE564561750FDF0F8E7" box="[330,568,1890,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpi">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE4FFE564561750FDF0F8E7" box="[330,568,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">Culicoides debilipalpi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s, larva (digital camera). Fig. 8: head capsule, epipharynx (ventral view). Fig. 9: hypopharynx. Fig. 10: detail epipharynx comb (ventral view). Fig. 11: detail epipharynx comb (dorsal view). Fig. 12: epipharynx, detail combs 3 and 4 and curtain. Fig. 13: epipharynx, detail lateral arm and curtain. Fig. 14: head capsule (lateral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF136657FFE5FFE4658B16C9FBF4F8CC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[283,1305,192,1753]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE5FFE4658B16C9FBF4F8CC" blockId="5.[151,1436,1787,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE5FFE4658B16C9FE99F88D" bold="true" box="[151,337,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 15–21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE5FFE4644716C9FD9CF88C" box="[347,596,1787,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE5FFE4644716C9FD9CF88C" box="[347,596,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, pupa (SEM). Fig. 15: cephalothorax (ventral view). Fig. 16: cephalothorax (anterodorsal view). Fig. 17: respiratory horn. Fig. 18: ventromedian and ventrolateral setae. Fig. 19: dorsolateral tubercle. Fig. 20: cephalothorax (anterior view). Fig. 21: dorsal tubercles (lateral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3766554FFE5FFE665DB174CFA5DFEFA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE5FFE465DB174CFC16F841" blockId="5.[151,1436,1918,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE5FFE465DB174CFE7AF809" bold="true" box="[199,434,1918,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Material examined.</emphasis>
All the specimens collected as larvae, reared in laboratory.
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE5FFE46140174DFB06F809" box="[1116,1230,1919,1943]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, Entre Ríos prov., Ibicuy, from tree – holes of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE5FFE464C11791FDDDF825" box="[477,533,1955,1979]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE5FFE464C11791FDDDF825" box="[477,533,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="FFD2101FFFE5FFE467531791FD01F825" box="[591,713,1955,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" value="2006-11-07">7-XI-2006</date>
, R. Campos-C. Cazorla, 2 larval exuviae (instar IV),
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE5FFE4602F1791FA54F825" box="[1331,1436,1955,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="larva">11 larvae</specimenCount>
(instar IV),
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE5FFE4640617F5FEB3F841" box="[282,379,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="female">5 female</specimenCount>
pupal exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE5FFE4673017F5FD4FF841" box="[556,647,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="pupa">3 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE5FFE4678F17F5FD17F841" box="[659,735,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females,
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE5FFE4665017F5FC51F841" box="[844,921,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE6FFE7658B168AFE1EF8AA" blockId="6.[151,1436,1720,1844]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE6FFE7658B168AFE86F94E" bold="true" box="[151,334,1720,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 22–28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE6FFE76449168AFD84F951" box="[341,588,1720,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE6FFE76449168AFD84F951" box="[341,588,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, pupa. Figs. 22–26: female (digital camera). Figs. 27–28: male (SEM). Fig. 22: operculum. Fig. 23: 4th abdominal segment (lateroventral view). Fig. 24: 4th abdominal segment (dorsal and ventral views). Fig. 25: 4th abdominal segment (dorsal view). Figs. 26–27: caudal segment (ventral view). Fig. 28: caudal segment (anteroventral view).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE6FFE765DB1753FADBF85F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1889,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE6FFE765DB1753FDD2F8E4" bold="true" box="[199,538,1889,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Material examined by SEM:</emphasis>
same data,
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE6FFE767821753FD30F8E7" box="[670,760,1889,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
(1 instar I, 1 instar II, 1 instar III, 3 instar IV),
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD56FFE6FFE760141753FAABF8E7" box="[1288,1379,1889,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="pupa">6 pupae</specimenCount>
.
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE6FFE765DB17B7FEA8F800" bold="true" box="[199,352,1925,1950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widespread from
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE6FFE7675617B4FD4AF800" box="[586,642,1926,1950]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">USA</collectingCountry>
(Maryland, Kentucky, Nebraska south to Lousiana and Florida),
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE6FFE7658B179BFED8F85F" box="[151,272,1961,1985]" name="Guatemala" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE6FFE7645A179BFE46F85F" box="[326,398,1961,1985]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Belize</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F37B764FFFE6FFE764AE179BFDE9F85F" box="[434,545,1961,1985]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Jujuy, Misiones, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires provinces).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE6FFE665DB17FFFC6BFE82" blockId="6.[151,1436,1889,2022]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE6FFE765DB17FFFE82F878" bold="true" box="[199,330,1997,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Bionomics.</emphasis>
The freshly collected larva is basically salmon colored. When kept in the laboratory, it losses some of this pigmentation, probably as a result of the adapted diet. The larva shows a good adaptation for swimming and typical active movement. They are positively phototrophic and their activity increases when they are observed under light. Observations during the conduct of this work indicate that this species feeds on microorganisms carried in the standing water and organic matter of their natural environment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336DFFFE7FFE665D51115FA5DFEFA" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
The life cycle of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D5CFFE7FFE6648D111AFD5FFEDE" box="[401,663,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilipalpis">
<emphasis id="B918EACDFFE7FFE6648D111AFD5FFEDE" box="[401,663,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Culicoides debilipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from larva to adult lasted approximately 31 days in the laboratory. The pupa movement is slow, undulating the last seven abdominal segments, which might be used to keep floating.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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