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<document id="262BC3FEF0BBC3DB386D3E2F9CDE9000" ID-DOI="10.24349/acarologia/20184255" ID-ISSN="2107-7207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5399530" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630332451418" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Ueckermann, Edward A., Palevsky, Eric, Gerson, Uri, Recht, Eitan &amp; Theron, Pieter D." docDate="2018" docId="03C58795752DFF89D3FEFC5AFB3EA364" docLanguage="en" docName="Acarologia.2018.58.2.483-525.pdf" docOrigin="Acarologia 58 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20184255" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0.6:Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0" docStyleName="Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Brevipalpus phoenicis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="494" masterDocId="FFFCFFED7521FF85D215FF96FFC7A451" masterDocTitle="The Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Israel" masterLastPageNumber="525" masterPageNumber="483" pageNumber="494" updateTime="1699231295567" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="86005AF32866AE1D15844290FEB95A8A">The Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Israel</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A041A70BE124528B22653DD5455A83A9">Ueckermann, Edward A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F70BCE15574C58708310A1F629B490B9">Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2520, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1AD536A90750F5BF6E563526B3E9CFCB">Palevsky, Eric</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B064E9B827C30A19601EB2BA049FB200">Department of Entomology, Newe-Yaar Reseach Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), P. O. Box 1012, 30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F5B8B192222D7DEB02FE2E0ED8092C58">Gerson, Uri</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C683B0F3C0A9C00BF3528A5362549D9C">Department of Entomology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0C7237BDC316204E040F9486C3B248BE">Recht, Eitan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F52FAC101FFD18C651279B459DBA9E6B">Department of Diagnosis and Identification of Pests and Diseases, Plant Protection and Inspection Services, POB 78 Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B901F743C6B0442C63EFD0FFA9357564">Theron, Pieter D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B9CA766AF1E2C011168DC27EFABB95F6">Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2520, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="8A21A9E8EF155D4BE1DDC6E8F1860AB4">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C58795752DFF89D3FEFC5AFB3EA364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C58795752DFF89D3FEFC5AFB3EA364" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58795752DFF89D3FEFC5AFB3EA364" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
<subSubSection id="C3766508752DFF89D3FEFC5AFBA8A7B9" box="[491,1135,972,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D3FEFC5AFBA8A7B9" blockId="12.[491,1135,972,1000]" box="[491,1135,972,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
<heading id="D09B81EF752DFF89D3FEFC5AFBA8A7B9" bold="true" box="[491,1135,972,1000]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D3FEFC5AFBA8A7B9" bold="true" box="[491,1135,972,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00752DFF89D3FEFC5AFC2CA7B9" ID-CoL="5X39J" authority="(Geijskes, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Geijskes" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[491,1003,972,1000]" class="Arachnida" family="Tenuipalpidae" genus="Brevipalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoenicis">
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D3FEFC5AFCDAA7B9" bold="true" box="[491,797,972,1000]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Brevipalpus phoenicis</emphasis>
(Geijskes, 1939)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A06752DFF89D1EEFC5AFBAFA7B9" box="[1019,1128,972,1000]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[119,186,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[193,1379,251,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[193,1405,251,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9 Brevipalpus phoenicis(Geijskes) Female: A dorsal view; B opisthogaster; C spermatheca; Deutonymph: D dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Figure 9</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766508752DFF89D3FEFB94FB3EA364" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D3FEFB94FCDBA125" blockId="12.[491,1538,1026,1465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Diagnosis (Female) — Prodorsum centrally with strong areolae, mediolateral reticulations with large round cells posteriorly, small round cells anteriorly, but smooth near anterior margin, setae short serrate; opisthosoma between setae
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D1CAFBDEFC3FA031" box="[991,1016,1096,1120]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">c1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D639FBDEFB8EA031" box="[1068,1097,1096,1120]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">d1</emphasis>
strongly wrinkled to weakly areolate, cuticle between
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D082FBFCFD72A0D3" box="[663,693,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">d1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D0F0FBFCFD39A0D3" box="[741,766,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">e1</emphasis>
strongly wrinkled with few transverse folds, between
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D728FBFCFA91A0D3" box="[1341,1366,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">e1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D79CFBFCFA63A0D3" box="[1417,1444,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">h1</emphasis>
with transverse folds, mediolateral reticulations with large round cells; transverse folds behind setae
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D3FEFB39FDC3A096" box="[491,516,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">e1</emphasis>
, setae
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D05AFB39FDA4A096" box="[591,611,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">f2</emphasis>
absent, marginal and 3 pairs of dorsocentral setae short, serrate (
<figureCitation id="13572A06752DFF89D738FB39FABAA096" box="[1325,1405,1199,1223]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[119,186,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[193,1379,251,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[193,1405,251,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9 Brevipalpus phoenicis(Geijskes) Female: A dorsal view; B opisthogaster; C spermatheca; Deutonymph: D dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Fig 9A</figureCitation>
); rostrum extends to about middle of femur I; venter verrucose laterally behind
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D6FCFB44FACDA0BB" box="[1257,1290,1234,1258]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">4a</emphasis>
with transverse bands centrally becoming weaker to smooth towards
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D63AFB62FB8EA15D" box="[1071,1097,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">4a</emphasis>
, ventral shield with cells forming transverse bands, genital shield covered with large cells (
<figureCitation id="13572A06752DFF89D672FA81FB73A17E" box="[1127,1204,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[119,186,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[193,1379,251,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[193,1405,251,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9 Brevipalpus phoenicis(Geijskes) Female: A dorsal view; B opisthogaster; C spermatheca; Deutonymph: D dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Fig 9B</figureCitation>
); palp tarsus II with 2 solenidia distally, palp femorogenu with dorsal setae broad, flat, serrate; spermatheca terminates into a membranous bulb (
<figureCitation id="13572A06752DFF89D0D7FACAFCD7A125" box="[706,784,1372,1396]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[119,186,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[193,1379,251,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[193,1405,251,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9 Brevipalpus phoenicis(Geijskes) Female: A dorsal view; B opisthogaster; C spermatheca; Deutonymph: D dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Fig 9C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D006FAE8FA18A1C7" blockId="12.[491,1538,1026,1465]" box="[531,1503,1406,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Deutonymph — Prodorsal setae
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D17AFAE8FC4FA1C7" box="[879,904,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">v2</emphasis>
short and
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D1EDFAE8FBF5A1C7" box="[1016,1074,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">sc1-2</emphasis>
broadly lanceolate; opisthosomal setae
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D3FEFA37FABBA1E8" blockId="12.[491,1538,1026,1465]" box="[491,1404,1441,1465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D3FEFA37FD60A1E8" box="[491,679,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">c1, d1, d3, e1, e3</emphasis>
minute, setae
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D12FFA37FC02A1E8" box="[826,965,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">c3, f3, h1, h2</emphasis>
large and broadly lanceolate (
<figureCitation id="13572A06752DFF89D70EFA37FAA8A1E8" box="[1307,1391,1441,1465]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[119,186,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[193,1379,251,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[193,1405,251,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9 Brevipalpus phoenicis(Geijskes) Female: A dorsal view; B opisthogaster; C spermatheca; Deutonymph: D dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Fig 9 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D006FA71FA2AA271" blockId="12.[491,1517,1510,1638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Host and localities — Material for the designation of a
<typeStatus id="54D78821752DFF89D678FA71FB07A1AE" box="[1133,1216,1511,1535]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
was collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00752DFF89D797FA70FC99A270" authority="Chabaud" authorityName="Chabaud" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canariensis">
<emphasis id="B918EA91752DFF89D797FA70FDACA271" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Phoenix canariensis</emphasis>
Chabaud (Arecaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D17DF99FFBE0A270" box="[872,1063,1545,1569]" name="Netherlands" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
. However, it is also present in
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D770F99FFA75A270" box="[1381,1458,1545,1569]" name="Turkey" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Turkey</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D7AEF99FFA2AA271" box="[1467,1517,1545,1568]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">New</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D3FEF9BDFB6CA237" blockId="12.[491,1517,1510,1638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Zealand,
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D040F9BDFD5EA212" box="[597,665,1579,1603]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D0CCF9BDFCAFA212" box="[729,872,1579,1603]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. Its presence in
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D60CF9BDFB93A212" box="[1049,1108,1579,1603]" name="Israel" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Israel</collectingCountry>
remains to be determined (Personal communication between Dr. Jenny Beard and Prof. Uri Gerson).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D006F905F9C5A29C" blockId="12.[491,1550,1683,1845]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Symptoms — Its main economic damage is to smaller orange fruits. In
<collectingCountry id="F37B7613752DFF89D73EF905FA9AA2FA" box="[1323,1373,1683,1707]" name="Italy" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">Italy</collectingCountry>
, its feeding resulted in grayish scabby patches and in medial cracks on the apical epidermis of mandarins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD33683752DFF89D3FEF94EFB3EA364" blockId="12.[491,1550,1683,1845]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494">
Many lesions were located on the oil glands, which were emptied and dried; affected oranges show rounded reddish patches. In heavy infestations, the mite attacks all above-ground citrus parts, causing the leaves to turn brownish, dry and drop (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72752DFF89D676F88BFB29A364" author="Gerson U." box="[1123,1262,1821,1845]" pageId="12" pageNumber="494" refId="ref16413" refString="Gerson U. 2017. Plant Pests of the Middle East. Available from: http: // www. agri. huji. ac. il / mepests /" type="url" year="2017">Gerson, 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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