223 lines
32 KiB
XML
223 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1E03CAF6CF79C8850726BA835903906E">Integrative taxonomic review of the genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 and its allied genus Tanaotrichia Warren, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from the Western Himalaya</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9355B63ABF2103C202B3AAA3D019A6F">Kumari, Shabnam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E69FF37E2F1144757D9A939C27E391BA">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3E054FBAE9AE8B44C8C29C46F11A5F8B">Bandyopadhyay, Uttaran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="39CFF897F86F4EB5165FCD1D421CD94D">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E73786AB71C1F674280DD0ABD0479E15">Uniyal, Virendra Prasad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="359A84007E52F158268156EA2CCB1593">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India. & Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Bell Road Clement Town, Dehradun- 248002, Uttarakhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7AE463A396196529F37E68CBD1230DB">Chandra, Kailash</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="60F0846EA9B7443FEAF9D173BE71E99B">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5BA5FA25F16989B85F047A432ECD3D22">Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9F964E713419F33318BDE26E4CC1D520">Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns (SNSB) - Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E7DFCEFC86C7F285E297B7DF2ABCC594">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2B292AE7C87EB12DB22CFA5E46C40918">2024</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB48149080975FBFF" bold="true" box="[151,572,1086,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB4F849080975FBFF" ID-CoL="92NT5" authority="Warren, 1893" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1893" box="[238,572,1086,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tanaotrichia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4F849080AC0FBFE" bold="true" box="[238,393,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Tanaotrichia</emphasis>
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Warren, 1893
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB48149B50AE2FB3C" authority="Warren, 1893" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,427,1155,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tanaotrichia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB48149B50A50FB3C" box="[151,281,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Tanaotrichia</emphasis>
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Warren, 1893
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB5A349B508EAFB3C" box="[437,931,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London</emphasis>
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: 360.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF8FFABB48149940A06FB7E" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB48149940A06FB7E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1155,1241]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
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<materialsCitation id="3B723CD8FFF8FFABB48149940A06FB7E" country="India" elevation="1250" location="Alt" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sikkim" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A18827FFF8FFABB48149940B80FB1D" box="[151,201,1186,1210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB53B49940860FB1D" authority="Warren, 1893" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1893" box="[301,809,1186,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tanaotrichia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="prasonaria" subSpecies="trilineata">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB53B499409DBFB1D" box="[301,658,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Tanaotrichia prasonaria trilineata</emphasis>
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Warren, 1893
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</taxonomicName>
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(now a nominotypical subspecies) (TL:
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<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB0CF49940E6CFB1D" box="[1241,1317,1186,1210]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF8FFABB12449940E20FB1D" box="[1330,1385,1186,1210]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EC5605EFFF8FFABB16349940ED0FB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38793FFF8FFACB48149080F5FFF5F:8EC5605EFFF8FFABB16349940ED0FB1D" box="[1397,1433,1186,1210]" country="India" name="Alt" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Sikkim">Alt</location>
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:
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<quantity id="4CE29B60FFF8FFABB4D149F60A01FB7E" box="[199,328,1216,1241]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="900.0">
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<elevation id="0037D1B6FFF8FFABB4D149F60A01FB7E" box="[199,328,1216,1241]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="900.0">900–1600 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF8FFACB48148300801FF17" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB481483009B9FA86" blockId="19.[151,1437,1286,2033]" box="[151,752,1286,1313]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB48148300A3DFA87" bold="true" box="[151,372,1286,1312]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Genus Description</emphasis>
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(Warren 1893;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB633483109EAFA86" author="Prout, L. B." box="[549,675,1287,1313]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1912 - 1916" refId="ref22131" refString="Prout, L. B. (1913) The Palaearctic Geometrae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Vol. 4. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 479, pls. 1 - 25. [1912 - 1916]" type="book chapter" year="1913">Prout 1913</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB6B8483109AEFA86" author="Prout, L. B." box="[686,743,1287,1313]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D1481D08DDFA5E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1286,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D1481D0A6DFAE2" box="[199,292,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Antenna</emphasis>
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filiform in female; quadripectinate in male with long ciliated branches shortens towards apex. Frons slightly convex or protruded. Labial palpi short, forwardly or upwardly directed, hardly reaching the frons. Proboscis well developed. Foretibia with single median epiphysis [
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<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB71348450810FA2A" box="[773,857,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,181,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1053]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Diagnostic features of the genus Rhodostrophia (R. tristrigalis) and Tanaotrichia (T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus). 3a. Head and leg features of the male of R. tristrigalis. i) Quadripectinate antennae, eye and labial palpi. ii) Lateral view of the antennae, ventral dentation. iii) Ventral view of the antenna. iv) Foretibia with an epiphysis. v) Hindtibia with a hair pencil arising from the femorotibial joint. 3b. T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus Tanaotrichia. i) Foretibia with an epiphysis. ii) Hindtibial characteristics (hair pencil, a median ‘pseudo spur’ and terminal tibial spur accompanied with a small and compact hair tuft). FW) Forewing venation. HW) Hindwing venation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915534/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
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: (i)]; midtibia with a terminal pair of spurs; hindtibia without median spurs or sometime with a
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB66D48A10869FA16" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" box="[635,800,1431,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB66D48A10869FA16" box="[635,800,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Rhodostrophia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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like ‘pseudospur’ and a single well-developed terminal spur accompanied with a tuft of rather compact and short hairs (looks like a spur at first glance without close inspection); hair-pencil long, concealing all the spurs [(
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<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB71648E9081FFA5E" box="[768,854,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,181,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1053]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Diagnostic features of the genus Rhodostrophia (R. tristrigalis) and Tanaotrichia (T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus). 3a. Head and leg features of the male of R. tristrigalis. i) Quadripectinate antennae, eye and labial palpi. ii) Lateral view of the antennae, ventral dentation. iii) Ventral view of the antenna. iv) Foretibia with an epiphysis. v) Hindtibia with a hair pencil arising from the femorotibial joint. 3b. T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus Tanaotrichia. i) Foretibia with an epiphysis. ii) Hindtibial characteristics (hair pencil, a median ‘pseudo spur’ and terminal tibial spur accompanied with a small and compact hair tuft). FW) Forewing venation. HW) Hindwing venation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915534/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
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: (ii)].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14B35084FF8BE" blockId="19.[151,1437,1286,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14B350A7AF9BB" box="[199,307,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Forewing</emphasis>
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with two areoles like in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB65D4B3509B9F9BA" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" box="[587,752,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB65D4B3509B9F9BA" box="[587,752,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Rhodostrophia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; veins R2–R4 stalked, R1 beginning close to the apex of the 2
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<superScript id="7C6F9BCDFFF8FFABB4B34B100BFCF993" attach="left" box="[165,181,1574,1588]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">nd</superScript>
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areole in front of the origin of R5. Cell nearly half the length of the wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB0184B110F2AF9E6" box="[1038,1123,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,181,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1053]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Diagnostic features of the genus Rhodostrophia (R. tristrigalis) and Tanaotrichia (T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus). 3a. Head and leg features of the male of R. tristrigalis. i) Quadripectinate antennae, eye and labial palpi. ii) Lateral view of the antennae, ventral dentation. iii) Ventral view of the antenna. iv) Foretibia with an epiphysis. v) Hindtibia with a hair pencil arising from the femorotibial joint. 3b. T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus Tanaotrichia. i) Foretibia with an epiphysis. ii) Hindtibial characteristics (hair pencil, a median ‘pseudo spur’ and terminal tibial spur accompanied with a small and compact hair tuft). FW) Forewing venation. HW) Hindwing venation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915534/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
: FW). Costa nearly straight but more curved near the apex; outer margin curved and more oblique towards anal angle; ground color reddish-ochreous or reddish or sometimes ochreous, with scattered minute red irroration; often with three dark fuscous or brownish transverse lines, (similar to those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6824BA50853F90A" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1895" box="[660,794,1683,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisinuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6824BA50853F90A" box="[660,794,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. bisinuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies complex,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB01D4BA50F14F90A" box="[1035,1117,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–33" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,960,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-252@20.[151,1436,960,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 29–33. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 29. R. bisinuata (29a–29b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 30–32. T. prasonaria trilineata (30a–30b: Male, 31a–31b: Female, 32a–32b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK), 33. T. prasonaria prasonaria (33a–33b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915542/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
: Male,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A18827FFF8FFABB0BB4BA50E51F90A" box="[1197,1304,1683,1709]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, NHMUK), variations occur in the development and course among the species.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB7B74B810F46F976" box="[929,1039,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Hindwing</emphasis>
|
||
venation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB09D4B810FA8F976" box="[1163,1249,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,181,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1053]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Diagnostic features of the genus Rhodostrophia (R. tristrigalis) and Tanaotrichia (T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus). 3a. Head and leg features of the male of R. tristrigalis. i) Quadripectinate antennae, eye and labial palpi. ii) Lateral view of the antennae, ventral dentation. iii) Ventral view of the antenna. iv) Foretibia with an epiphysis. v) Hindtibia with a hair pencil arising from the femorotibial joint. 3b. T. prasonaria trilineata, type species of the genus Tanaotrichia. i) Foretibia with an epiphysis. ii) Hindtibial characteristics (hair pencil, a median ‘pseudo spur’ and terminal tibial spur accompanied with a small and compact hair tuft). FW) Forewing venation. HW) Hindwing venation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915534/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
: HW) similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB4814BED0A75F952" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" box="[151,316,1755,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4814BED0A75F952" box="[151,316,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Rhodostrophia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; outer margin rounded, sometimes slightly protruded at M3; markings similar to forewing but lack antemedial line; anal angle rather marked (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB6604BC909B0F8BE" box="[630,761,1791,1817]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–33" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,960,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-252@20.[151,1436,960,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 29–33. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 29. R. bisinuata (29a–29b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 30–32. T. prasonaria trilineata (30a–30b: Male, 31a–31b: Female, 32a–32b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK), 33. T. prasonaria prasonaria (33a–33b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915542/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Figs 30–32</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14A150A49F80E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1286,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14A150A38F89A" box="[199,369,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB5934A150958F89A" box="[389,529,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–47" captionStartId="22.[151,260,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1389,191,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-30@22.[188,1399,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 34–47. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 34–41. Male Clasping organ (CLA). 34. R. borealis, 35. R. cinerascens*, 36. R. herbicolens, 37. R. pelloniaria, 38. R. stigmatica, 39. R. tristrigalis, 40. T. prasonaria trilineata. 41–47. Male aedeagus. 41. R. borealis, 42. R. cinerascens*, 43. R. herbicolens, 44. R. pelloniaria, 45. R. stigmatica, 46. R. tristrigalis, 47. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915544/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Figs 40, 47</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB6344A14090BF89A" box="[546,578,1826,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">54</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus sclerotised, setose, somewhat flat, with a broad apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB1204A150EC6F89A" box="[1334,1423,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–47" captionStartId="22.[151,260,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1389,191,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-30@22.[188,1399,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 34–47. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 34–41. Male Clasping organ (CLA). 34. R. borealis, 35. R. cinerascens*, 36. R. herbicolens, 37. R. pelloniaria, 38. R. stigmatica, 39. R. tristrigalis, 40. T. prasonaria trilineata. 41–47. Male aedeagus. 41. R. borealis, 42. R. cinerascens*, 43. R. herbicolens, 44. R. pelloniaria, 45. R. stigmatica, 46. R. tristrigalis, 47. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915544/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
), often diagnostic at species level. Gnathos triangular, sclerotised, medially elongated with acute tip. Valva shape distinguishing. Posterior margin of the 8
|
||
<superScript id="7C6F9BCDFFF8FFABB6404A5C092AF8DF" attach="left" box="[598,611,1898,1912]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal sternite bilobed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB7894A5D08BBF822" box="[927,1010,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus thin, elongated and curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB4894AB90BBDF80E" box="[159,244,1935,1961]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–47" captionStartId="22.[151,260,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1389,191,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-30@22.[188,1399,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 34–47. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 34–41. Male Clasping organ (CLA). 34. R. borealis, 35. R. cinerascens*, 36. R. herbicolens, 37. R. pelloniaria, 38. R. stigmatica, 39. R. tristrigalis, 40. T. prasonaria trilineata. 41–47. Male aedeagus. 41. R. borealis, 42. R. cinerascens*, 43. R. herbicolens, 44. R. pelloniaria, 45. R. stigmatica, 46. R. tristrigalis, 47. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915544/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14A850A69F856" blockId="19.[151,1437,1286,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14A850ACCF86A" box="[199,389,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB5824A850AAEF86A" box="[404,487,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
|
||
): Corpus bursae with a double-ridged, longitudinal band-like signum with sclerotised scobination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFFFFFACB4D14DA00801FF17" blockId="20.[199,1046,150,249]" box="[199,840,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFFFFFACB4D14DA00AD1FF17" bold="true" box="[199,408,150,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">Immature stages:</emphasis>
|
||
Larval and pupal stages are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFFFFFACB4D14D8C0839FF73" box="[199,880,186,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFFFFFACB4D14D8C0839FF73" blockId="20.[199,1046,150,249]" box="[199,880,186,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFFFFFACB4D14D8C0A2AFF73" bold="true" box="[199,355,186,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Himalaya and West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFFFFFACB65D4D8C09C7FF73" box="[587,654,186,212]" name="China" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFFFFFACB68A4D8C0854FF73" author="Prout, L. B." box="[668,797,186,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79" pagination="1912 - 1916" refId="ref22131" refString="Prout, L. B. (1913) The Palaearctic Geometrae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Vol. 4. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 479, pls. 1 - 25. [1912 - 1916]" type="book chapter" year="1913">Prout 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFFFFFACB73E4D8C082DFF73" author="Prout, L. B." box="[808,868,186,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFFFFFACB4D14DE80F5FFF5F" box="[199,1046,222,249]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFFFFFACB4D14DE80F5FFF5F" blockId="20.[199,1046,150,249]" box="[199,1046,222,249]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFFFFFACB4D14DE80A99FF5F" bold="true" box="[199,464,222,248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Discussed in detail under the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFFFFFACB7374DE8088FFF5F" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" box="[801,966,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFFFFFACB7374DE8088FFF5F" box="[801,966,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="79">Rhodostrophia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |