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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.974.55528" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea776ed1-8043-4a2f-b08a-bf875ee6a801" ID-PMC="PMC7557334" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-974-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CE09563853EE5FAE86E3141869E2374A" ID-PubMed="33110377" ID-ZooBank="87F93B60FD1244CABE72BCF1B20FCABA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-974-23" checkinTime="1602130100185" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Zhuomiao, Yao, Tingting, Xu, Zhihong, Meng, Ling &amp; Li, Baoping" docDate="2020" docId="861398F43CC05BCAA48EBED3DE03D118" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 974: 23-29" docOrigin="ZooKeys 974" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.974.55528" docTitle="Cheiloneurus nankingensis Li &amp; Xu 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0A0CAA90-9BAD-4A04-8E4A-64851CE36387" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="CE09563853EE5FAE86E3141869E2374A" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="CE09563853EE5FAE86E3141869E2374A" masterDocTitle="A new species of Cheiloneurus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) as a hyperparasitoid of the invasive cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, in China" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1732482625923" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="97F8BDAA66777AAD6551233BC86CF23C">A new species of Cheiloneurus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) as a hyperparasitoid of the invasive cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, in China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F6A90D3DDDF21D7912557D0F397CE98">Li, Zhuomiao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EC2726D7518F775882926AFD0270DD20">School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3C2F463FD9F21375ACD32C68404A38A4">Yao, Tingting</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C50148EBB0DF19C7FA4926082D78B134">School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="87029C423E780FF9FF7066574365008F">Xu, Zhihong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A536A186487027F810ED9F575488950F">Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture &amp; Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8E9D9A3509E4C333D59CFD3A24D3FA20">Meng, Ling</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AC8D767B0E2AC0737BD95DB3D301B15F">School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E57E40BA77ECFCF05AFAC37B80EB0628">Li, Baoping</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D78CC78678BF4107E3532F4548AE5D6D">School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6C647747691B779D6FE388BEB9EA31B5" type="email">lbp@njau.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="A1966EE000432CA03D05F1B30FB5A6CE">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AA4906B4AF14096D5917DEC9E65219C5">974</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="84D64D7F2CA50D27F9E475CA2B2EDA86" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.974.55528</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="861398F43CC05BCAA48EBED3DE03D118" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168243673" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0A0CAA90-9BAD-4A04-8E4A-64851CE36387" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/861398F43CC05BCAA48EBED3DE03D118" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" scope_family="Encyrtidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
<subSubSection id="83DBF1EEDA0F18044CE9BC0E59E4F29C" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="53CD0A4703F0CB25F1BAC3C6ED505A2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="A5C7218FBCBCE487AE96A0CE84D9E3F5" ID-CoL="C9BJ2" LSID="861398F4-3CC0-5BCA-A48E-BED3DE03D118" authority="Li &amp; Xu" authorityName="Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus nankingensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nankingensis" status="sp. nov.">Cheiloneurus nankingensis Li &amp; Xu</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4832D7CC36D91E73D2DFBCA388700130" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="E883573C64AFE048C3E63A92BDA9B9B0" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cheiloneurus nankingensis sp. nov. (female, holotype) A mesosoma, dorsal view B metasoma, dorsal view C antennae D mandibles E fore wing F head, front view G head, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.974.55528.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/460524" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="04D827A1DB13A2092F786DA222C54B3F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cheiloneurus nankingensis sp. nov. (male) A fore wing B antennae C head, front view D head, ventral view E mesosoma, dorsal view F metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.974.55528.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/460525" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">[female], Fig. 2 [male]</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E557CB8EC39A6029B41561D05551984C" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="type material">
<paragraph id="950FD5AFE7F33546C50FB305DFFA92AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Type materials.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34FBFE97EEB99DCA349651EE2209FCC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="09936B43681DB8CE46F5E7468D9FBC49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="FE0C91361291030552CDEE6AAE9A1444" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
♀; China, Jiangsu province: Nanjing city, NAU-affiliated Pailou Experiment station; alt. 18 m;
<geoCoordinate id="2A703F14A7843AEBC0A351066CD8D3D8" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="32.019444">32°01'10&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D9D419059A9A6BA446833B7540171CD0" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="118.855835">118°51'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; October 2019; Zhuomiao Li leg.
<emphasis id="D705548621851684D917A05688DAFE9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="BF9B38F62FA8BB2E7C1A7AAB3853D05A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
♀; 15 individuals, same data as for holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52B73DB80510BBF4EB479A5036FB3621" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="deposition">
<paragraph id="7C43E51D1D6399A76E151308063B3874" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Deposition.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4AB34C5DA1D23B6F653419455299B22" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agri &amp; Forest University, Li-an district, Hangzhou city, Zhejiang, China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F592DE893F0081553676832810BF7341" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="92883F0A2565531D28354D3D987D9C22" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="062A8B0365DDD038107C2F1DD4A2EB4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">The species name is derived from the name of the city, Nanjing, where the holotype was collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E75EC6C92CEF6E29E5046CA1B44333E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="45886D99CCD996BD77138FE14AEC21E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DEE008AE39D2BC9EE3C85DA5E94B639" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">All specimens were collected in an eastern suburb of Nanjing city, Jiangsu province, East China.</paragraph>
<caption id="16E3AF6413C91DA4313FDD69F148A488" doi="10.3897/zookeys.974.55528.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/460524" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="F7AA0F5B99CB1CA5ED159850B810B499" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="6321BF6CEC8BA5E89F4283C2CDE61F17" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1295CB87089A80A3B4EFBF457D75D23B" authorityName="Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus nankingensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nankingensis">
<emphasis id="7000C925B600B45B7204B80664360324" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cheiloneurus nankingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (female, holotype)
<emphasis id="C4E95274FE88B73E1B3EF41256F53E76" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="1DEF0D48B89470531FEBCD498B6F8721" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="BF9D83383667C9772BB0521F0F65F10D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
antennae
<emphasis id="35C0BD23346543BB70ABAEAD09A761F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
mandibles
<emphasis id="3D4F98E235610CD7B4AE5708CF1CFFB1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
fore wing
<emphasis id="CC9D0922A6971076540C1ADE239ECA8E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
head, front view
<emphasis id="983A878F445C8958C4B09C6FB2572DF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
head, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A77982E3257519B230F9AC96494A5439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="3EC164CDD8592E7C6936C3E97CC74A52" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="410DA5B96ACF759EB9BB0F3259040872" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="2D4E46FE09AE7B382AE74BC4B11F44EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="0791F5E623A6166C4F97FE696C228EEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Female</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Holotype, body length 1.54 mm; other females ranged from 1.1 to 1.8 mm. Head dark brown, with purple sheen; ocelli reddish brown; compound eye dark brown; scape, pedicel yellowish brown; funicle and clava black, except first funicle segment with narrow strip of yellowish brown on ventral margin; pronotum and mesoscutum black with yellowish green sheen and silvery white setae; tegulae, axillae, scutellum yellowish brown except middle third of scutellum yellowish white; ventral and lateral sides of thorax dark brown with dark purple sheen; propodeum dark brown. Fore wing infuscated, with basal third, apex narrowly and rectangular area behind stigmal vein, hyaline; hyaline area in basal third with oblique infuscate streak; veins brown; hind wing hyaline. Fore and mid legs yellowish brown except middle part of mid tibia brown; hind femora and tibia brown except tibial base white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D11B0CA79F642A5E0DE265F4E9FA8EE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Head: in dorsal view, 0.77
<normalizedToken id="331A11A7DC4B6A1EDDD2763690398D15" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as high; head width 3.29
<normalizedToken id="5BB7884EB6390A1535EA2534FDABA1CB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
frontovertex width; occipital margin rounded; ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle; POL and OOL 2.02
<normalizedToken id="70481ED3023174B82B613661FB52FB2B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 0.30
<normalizedToken id="C8DCEAAC94692CB9EE0AC31C7967AB65" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as diameter of anterior ocellus respectively; anterior ocellus separated with posterior ocelli by distance 1.01
<normalizedToken id="E9D6BEC85241AC6190151D5067165F31" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as POL; frontovertex with scaly reticulations. In frontal view, 0.79
<normalizedToken id="CFCEF89B0EEE48135BA9208283F37440" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as high; toruli separated by 1.93
<normalizedToken id="165886C13F4C71E2780BD824A5A56319" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their own longest diameters; upper margin below lowest level of compound eye; toruli separated from clypeus by distance 0.73
<normalizedToken id="60E2D21A792A770E4E23901B2F842E44" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as longest diameter of torulus; mandible tridentate, teeth acute; maxillary palpi with four segments with rounded apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ADDFA039C2706462BD15E8AB3B5D72B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Antennae: scape cylindrical, 8.27
<normalizedToken id="6808AC723F7174448B7342CD9B6630CE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; pedicel 2.23
<normalizedToken id="3115EA3291FF29DAB9B2BE34FBD81681" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide and 1.26
<normalizedToken id="4087D6A3150C8D7E20B1C7AA516A004E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as F1. F6 shortest segment; F1 and F2 longer than wide, the ratio of length to width 1.60 and 1.13, respectively; F3-F6 wider than long, the ratio of length to width 0.87, 0.67, 0.67, 0.64, respectively; club 1.78
<normalizedToken id="0BE044AD697272FF0F41FC8865E9D7D4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, slightly shorter than preceding three funicle segments combined, clava with second suture slightly oblique.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78F7CC9DDB9C0C858B46A22171117BBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Mesosoma: mesoscutum with striated or scaly reticulations and usually with distinct silvery white setae; notauli virtually absent; axillae and scutellum flat and usually with sculpture scaly; apex of scutellum with a tuft of bristles (bristles are easily lost at making slide but their swelling bases are recognizable); hind margin of scutellum reaching base of propodeum; mesopleura smooth, reaching base of abdomen; propodeum smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="55127B0DA0E6B1E55C052524B81A5DC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Fore wings: 3.01
<normalizedToken id="8A06983C7C406A2BB72D2BCAA19D9D04" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, with uniform cilia except basal third; submarginal vein with about five setae; submarginal vein 3.90
<normalizedToken id="8503C6A52957FBF47F866B37F7E7093C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as stigmal vein; linea calva closed anteriorly by two or three lines of setae and posteriorly closed by 11 or 12 lines of hyaline setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8F8F0197610788238ED7BE051C29D21" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Legs: a row of spines at apex of mid tibia; tibial spur 0.96
<normalizedToken id="3AEDF6AA8A10C5420FE138DE99D53B6A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long asbasitarsus; basitarsus longer than tarsal segments 2-4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="939389B37E70128FFC31EE62B7786394" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Metasoma: oblong in dorsal view. Ovipositor sheaths yellow. Exserted part of ovipositor sheaths (from slide) 0.15
<normalizedToken id="EF401B09AE198A385E398FDF968D4104" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
gaster length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="662537AE71A2FB5714581E0763F552C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Measurements (from slide): length of mid tibia 0.65 mm, mesosoma 0.73 mm, metasoma 0.70 mm, forewing 1.25 mm.</paragraph>
<caption id="0F152C24BA0230B0A5D1EC280C4906E0" doi="10.3897/zookeys.974.55528.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/460525" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="9E9A6333A8215E461FC6929CCC3CB44A" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1B2D1D8157436957626F8AA7AC9050E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5B819E0B137FBA992028687FC08D99BC" authorityName="Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus nankingensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nankingensis">
<emphasis id="167FBC3AB66CECE070C5A337AE9FD071" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cheiloneurus nankingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (male)
<emphasis id="654F9CBA9DD424E34EE42C73248AFDE6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
fore wing
<emphasis id="A2068606679A067ECD0EE0533AE7E5C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
antennae
<emphasis id="05399C95949347C1606BB4F4077668E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
head, front view
<emphasis id="E9C97A44FFF64AC2F2E9DE402DE92D3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
head, ventral view
<emphasis id="27709CAF7FDBDE23753E8643186E1484" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="BA784533D3B956D5DCBBDC7DF8D0CE6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A42D30EB19312886999855757CF7F999" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="937574CEBDB38A9561DDC6DCDAF10E01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A8336C4F78A2C3D3E41D92B381E1DC82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Male</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Length 1.07 mm. Body black. Antennae slender with radicle, scape and pedicel dark yellowish brown; funicle and clava black. Oval compound eye and ocelli black. Legs yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F605321D70B0B78549C223F4E5BC6CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Head: in frontal view, approximately triangular with scaly reticulations, 0.97
<normalizedToken id="48F29CAE4A1340CDB891F5C1F2A637EF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as high; POL and OOL 3.00
<normalizedToken id="BD0FEBF41C973DF01A922BE008C575A4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 0.92
<normalizedToken id="D0A49A8C67B524AE1EBD5EAC371C981E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as diameter of anterior ocellus, respectively; toruli separated by 0.83
<normalizedToken id="B04271F5E20EF30681EE62BFF6A7A570" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their own longest diameters; mandible bidentate; toruli diameters 0.69
<normalizedToken id="766AD4A3F0118C607F45CE0D7A3A670A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 2.26
<normalizedToken id="7D9E9A34CB1A6DD441B381ADDCC3FE03" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as POL and OOL, respectively; distance between compound eyes 3.45
<normalizedToken id="45F681627958CCBE47C38700B75345FF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as that between toruli.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="490FD4FF470989FBCE9F87D29A1FF3C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Antennae: scape cylindrical, 6.53
<normalizedToken id="C968447E1ED03C45DD5CF935B0C9FC74" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 0.46
<normalizedToken id="952D57AB3CD81ACFBE93126E3A3BCA78" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad and head height, respectively; pedicel triangular; clava unsegmented, longer than F5-F6 combined; scape 3.35, 1.62, 1.95, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.18, and 1.05 times as long as pedicel, F1-F6, and clava, respectively; F1 slightly longer than F2-F6 separately; F2-F6 nearly same length; ratio of length to width 2.57, 2.20, 2.30, 2.22, 2.15, and 2.18 for F1 to F6, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24AD989B5E71E8CA32F73C9DE038AC3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Mesosoma: In dorsal view, 1.35
<normalizedToken id="A1E85A31EAE5748D8DC55A09347B3F4C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as width; mesoscutum, axillae, and scutellum with sculpture scaly and similar to head sculpture; scutellum 0.97
<normalizedToken id="AF824E8CF089BC9806985FCDAC438256" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as height; setae and notauli virtually absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3498D1D4D670C0E84129617F7E9BC77" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Fore wings: 2.42
<normalizedToken id="DCDDBF15EDECBA51BEA065FA33FA033F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; submarginal vein with about 13 setae; postmarginal and submarginal veins 0.58
<normalizedToken id="4EC80F6D6D394CECD3AFDA89A311B75D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 10.65
<normalizedToken id="FCE65D0CCCAA33641F29860D2C6783AC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as stigmal vein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7AAD8BBF0AE105E9BF10BCBC19FA2EF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Legs: mid tibia with row of spines apically; spur 1.08
<normalizedToken id="266E7B916E46DB4464D5E50BCE464AF4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basitarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A789B18BCE520EE5D8B9A41AFD3AF561" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Metanotum: nearly triangular in dorsal view. Shorter than thorax.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5810AF35D6F8538BD44EC28458631CBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Measurements (from slide): mesosoma length 0.55 mm, metasoma length 0.43 mm, antennae 0.86 mm, and mid tibia length 0.43 mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB12F935679B342E1830CCE009DF9F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EFD95F4491E521040E3508F9AD5C54B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94E9926FF136327B5F9AA0AC2350F5FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
This new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="6FA089BFEE3A58A775318A0335BCAB11" lsidName="C. arabiacus" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="arabiacus">
<emphasis id="11C2FFB5C2E58E9315F7BAD929A228CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C. arabiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayat, (2014) but differs from it in the following respects (compared with
<taxonomicName id="896826E7E5123BAEF9C51F6CBE45D900" lsidName="C. arabiacus" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="arabiacus">
<emphasis id="8512142F7B6BFC67C059E0A98E0A38A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C. arabiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): without an infuscate area below proximal half of parastigma (with it); scape cylindrical (slightly expanded in the middle); pedicel as long as F1 (longer than F1-F2 combined); F3 quadrate or slightly broader than long (F3 longer than broad); F4-F6 broader than long (F4, F5 quadrate); clava shorter than F4-F6 combined (longer than F4-F6 combined); head in frontal view higher than broad (broader than high); mandible with three acute teeth (with two acute and one round teeth).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7726D80F1307E87F176DAA48D0EACE99" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8D68B02B7A6CDA754E59CE139D1553A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE3A36D3ACDA4CDB6799FED3ED651D69" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
Little has been known about biology of this new species. It is a hyperparasitoid with the encyrtid wasp
<taxonomicName id="1EA98F7CB63CD280CB0E14D3C12B1399" lsidName="A. arizonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
<emphasis id="217765D6444D1AAD8DB1517816D0784D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. arizonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the host, which is a primary and solitary parasitoid of the cotton mealybug
<taxonomicName id="206B27BCF14E3A69D44258B258A8F456" lsidName="P. solenopsis" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="solenopsis">
<emphasis id="556D68578ECC1BC7E55D6BA3AB419683" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">P. solenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This hyperparasitoid attacks only mealybugs that have already been parasitized by
<taxonomicName id="291860905AFD6DC9BF83071C18854FAD" lsidName="A. arizonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
<emphasis id="26AC7259CF8DCA307EB0194DC0546D61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. arizonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the number of offspring hyperparasitoids ermerging from a mummified mealybug ranges from one to 18. The prevalence of hyperparasitism by this wasp across the range of the cotton mealybug remains to be investigated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>