293 lines
35 KiB
XML
293 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="361504E5A93D88EE71DE13555E182A12" ID-CLB-Dataset="20749" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.790.1641" ID-GBIF-Dataset="75fb76d3-bfe5-4786-b2e9-a18a86ab2d4f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5999772" ID-ZooBank="E3ED109B-70C8-414D-A245-6E3590C9E5B5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1644247602222" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gustafsson, Daniel R., Najer, Tomas, Zou, Fasheng & Bush, Sarah E." docDate="2022" docId="760487F2FFC4E962FD85FC09D3F6FC55" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-790_1-52.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 790 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.790.1641" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Philopterus Nitzsch 1818" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="8A3DFF8AFFC7E966FFD0FFADD231FF9F" masterDocTitle="New species of Philopterus Nitzsch, 1818 (Ischnocera: Philopteridae), with notes on Cypseloecus Conci, 1941" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1699308076885" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0360EECA56B70B36ABDC349203DBBCC6">
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<mods:title id="B00F8298F48B85803FA52719713A2C37">New species of Philopterus Nitzsch, 1818 (Ischnocera: Philopteridae), with notes on Cypseloecus Conci, 1941</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="964F3C3DD9FDD73D0A2CD83A0AABD1A3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="927FC5FEDE394108D8167D5FCAEFE0A0">Gustafsson, Daniel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0A5734BB238E1BEA58851EF0319376A8">Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resources, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 105 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510260, China. Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic. School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S. 1400 E., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="16A53D07441E3C9E211D765CFB333356" type="email">kotatsu@fripost.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F829ED9F7930C6C642ED319B44B4EAA5">Najer, Tomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD856B11510CC1FDD3712641807821AA" type="email">najer@af.czu.cz;tomas.najer@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0793373FC2CC61CB72604291D8170E73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="26EBCDEC7EB8DF7F4F997BC467710AD4">Zou, Fasheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB963C83377581B61842A196CD21BD48">Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resources, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 105 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510260, China. Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic. School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S. 1400 E., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8BF950A94B0834CCC16E551C882F1CD5" type="email">zoufs@giabr.gd.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="36539A35505014E512B2B0417684E832">Bush, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="09CC1C654F9090F91B96B1382EDCE93D" type="email">dovelouse@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E2BEC02D584539437358ED12A8A1C65C">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EED7A83A192EA689E8A0C66E26B67CB5">
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<mods:date id="AFBC4DBF38618D23195370719701E0EA">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="760487F2FFC4E962FD85FC09D3F6FC55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6304083" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193304939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6304083" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:760487F2FFC4E962FD85FC09D3F6FC55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/760487F2FFC4E962FD85FC09D3F6FC55" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E965FD85FC09D1EFFC21" box="[597,990,931,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FD85FC09D1EFFC21" blockId="3.[597,990,931,958]" box="[597,990,931,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="A55A8188FFC4E965FD85FC09D1EFFC21" box="[597,990,931,958]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FD78FC0ED1EFFC21" ID-CoL="8MTKY" authority="Nitzsch, 1818" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[680,990,931,958]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FD78FC0ED105FC21" bold="true" box="[680,820,931,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philopterus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FCEBFC09D1EFFC21" author="Nitzsch C." box="[827,990,932,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="261 - 316" refId="ref21301" refString="Nitzsch C. 1818. Die Familien und Gattungen der Thierinsekten (Insecta Epizoica); als Prodromus einer Naturgeschichte derselben. Magazine der Entomologie 3: 261 - 316." type="journal article" year="1818">Nitzsch, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E965FF6DFC48D17BFB4D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFC48D002FC60" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,563,997,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFC48D002FC60" box="[189,563,997,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFC48D001FC60" author="Nitzsch C." box="[189,560,997,1023]" page="288" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1818">
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<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FF6DFC48D001FC60" ID-CoL="8MTKY" authority="Nitzsch, 1818: 288" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityPageNumber="288" authorityYear="1818" box="[189,560,997,1023]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFC48D377FC60" box="[189,326,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philopterus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE9DFC48D001FC60" author="Nitzsch C." box="[333,560,997,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="261 - 316" refId="ref21301" refString="Nitzsch C. 1818. Die Familien und Gattungen der Thierinsekten (Insecta Epizoica); als Prodromus einer Naturgeschichte derselben. Magazine der Entomologie 3: 261 - 316." type="journal article" year="1818">Nitzsch, 1818: 288</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFBA5D0F0FBBC" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,705,1032,1059]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFBA5D0F0FBBC" box="[189,705,1032,1059]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFBA5D005FBBD" author="Nitzsch " box="[189,564,1032,1058]" page="289" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1818">
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<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFBA5D37FFBBD" box="[189,334,1032,1058]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Docophorus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE85FBA5D005FBBD" author="Nitzsch C." box="[341,564,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="261 - 316" refId="ref21301" refString="Nitzsch C. 1818. Die Familien und Gattungen der Thierinsekten (Insecta Epizoica); als Prodromus einer Naturgeschichte derselben. Magazine der Entomologie 3: 261 - 316." type="journal article" year="1818">Nitzsch, 1818: 289</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in partim).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFB86D018FBDA" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,553,1067,1094]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFB86D018FBDA" box="[189,553,1067,1094]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFB86D014FBDA" author="Conci C." box="[189,549,1067,1094]" page="126" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1941">
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<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FF6DFB86D014FBDA" ID-CoL="8N6WD" authority="Conci, 1941: 126" authorityName="Conci" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1941" box="[189,549,1067,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Cypseloecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFB86D361FBDA" box="[189,336,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cypseloecus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE87FB86D014FBDA" author="Conci C." box="[343,549,1067,1094]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="126 - 127" refId="ref20115" refString="Conci C. 1941. Nuovi generi di mallofagi. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana 73: 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1941">Conci, 1941: 126</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFBE2D073FBF6" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,578,1103,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFBE2D073FBF6" box="[189,578,1103,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFBE2D00CFBF6" author="Conci" box="[189,573,1103,1129]" page="126" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1941">
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<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFBE2D359FBF6" box="[189,360,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Debeauxoecus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FEBFFBE2D00CFBF6" author="Conci C." box="[367,573,1103,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="126 - 127" refId="ref20115" refString="Conci C. 1941. Nuovi generi di mallofagi. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana 73: 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1941">Conci, 1941: 126</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFBDFD00CFB13" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,573,1138,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFBDFD00CFB13" box="[189,573,1138,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFBDFD00CFB13" author="Eichler" box="[189,573,1138,1164]" page="80" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1944">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFBDFD354FB13" box="[189,357,1138,1164]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Docophorulus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FEBCFBDFD008FB13" author="Eichler W." box="[364,569,1138,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="80 - 82" refId="ref20136" refString="Eichler W. 1944. Notulae Mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung 105: 80 - 82." type="journal article" year="1944">Eichler, 1944: 80</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFB38D00AFB30" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,571,1173,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFB38D00AFB30" box="[189,571,1173,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFB38D00AFB30" author="Uchida" box="[189,571,1173,1199]" page="317" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1948">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFB38D362FB30" box="[189,339,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bitrabeculus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE8AFB38D009FB30" author="Uchida S." box="[346,568,1173,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="303 - 326" refId="ref21998" refString="Uchida S. 1948. Studies on the biting-lice (Mallophaga) of Japan and adjacent territories (suborder Ischnocera Pt. I). Japanese Medical Journal 1: 303 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.7883 / yoken 1948.1.303" type="journal article" year="1948">Uchida, 1948: 317</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFB15D17BFB4D" blockId="3.[189,842,997,1234]" box="[189,842,1208,1234]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEBD11CAFFC4E965FF6DFB15D17BFB4D" box="[189,842,1208,1234]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="7F0C10F5FFC4E965FF6DFB15D17BFB4D" author="Złotorzycka & Eichler" box="[189,842,1208,1234]" page="219" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1984">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFB15D375FB4D" box="[189,324,1208,1234]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Prunellides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE9CFB15D0EBFB4D" author="Zlotorzycka J. & Eichler W." box="[332,730,1208,1234]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="219 - 221" refId="ref22221" refString="Zlotorzycka J. & Eichler W. 1984. Notulae Mallophagologicae. XIV. Prunellides annae nov. gen. et spec. von Prunella modularis. Angewandte Parasitologie 25: 219 - 221." type="journal article" year="1984">Złotorzycka & Eichler, 1984: 219</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 1–3.
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E965FF6DFB5FD3BDFAC0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFB5FD369FA93" blockId="3.[189,344,1266,1292]" box="[189,344,1266,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="A55A8188FFC4E965FF6DFB5FD369FA93" bold="true" box="[189,344,1266,1292]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFB5FD369FA93" bold="true" box="[189,344,1266,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus id="21168846FFC4E965FF6DFB5FD2CBFA93" box="[189,250,1266,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFA8CD3BDFAC0" blockId="3.[189,1398,1312,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FF6DFA8CD052FAA4" ID-CoL="6TWLY" authority="Scopoli, 1763" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1763" box="[189,611,1313,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Pediculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFA8CD398FAA4" box="[189,425,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pediculus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
Scopoli, 1763
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FD70FA8CD162FAA5" box="[672,851,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Corvus corone</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FF15FAE9D34EFAC0" author="Neumann L. G." box="[197,383,1348,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="54 - 60" refId="ref21263" refString="Neumann L. G. 1906. Notes sur les mallophages. Bulletin de Societe zoologique de France 31: 54 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18334" type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E965FF6DFAD0D3F7FA76" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFAD0D033FA08" blockId="3.[189,514,1405,1431]" box="[189,514,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="A55A8188FFC4E965FF6DFAD0D033FA08" bold="true" box="[189,514,1405,1431]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DFAD0D033FA08" bold="true" box="[189,514,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DFA00D3F7FA76" blockId="3.[189,1399,1452,1513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
As currently circumscribed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FDC1FA01D0A0FA59" author="Mey E." box="[529,657,1452,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="149 - 203" refId="ref20796" refString="Mey E. 2004. Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger 43: 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), likely global apart from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="86BA7674FFC4E965FC1AFA01D676FA59" box="[970,1095,1452,1478]" name="Antarctica" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but poorly known in the Southern Hemisphere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E965FF6DF9A7D0F1F907" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DF9A7D3A2F9BC" blockId="3.[189,403,1545,1572]" box="[189,403,1545,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="A55A8188FFC4E965FF6DF9A7D3A2F9BC" bold="true" box="[189,403,1545,1572]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DF9A7D3A2F9BC" bold="true" box="[189,403,1545,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Host associations</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DF995D0F1F907" blockId="3.[188,1399,1592,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
As currently circumscribed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FDDFF995D0BCF9CD" author="Mey E." box="[527,653,1592,1618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="149 - 203" refId="ref20796" refString="Mey E. 2004. Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger 43: 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), widely distributed across hosts in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FBB2F995D73AF9CD" box="[1122,1291,1592,1618]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A single species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FEF1F9F6D092F9E9" authority="Tendeiro, 1962" authorityName="Tendeiro" authorityYear="1962" box="[289,675,1627,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FEF1F9F6D3DDF9EA" box="[289,492,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philopterus solus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FE22F9F6D092F9E9" author="Tendeiro J." box="[498,675,1627,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="669 - 704" refId="ref21935" refString="Tendeiro J. 1962. Etudes sur les mallophages. Observations sur des Ischnocera africains, avec descriptions de 12 especes et 2 sous-especes nouvelles. Boletim cultural da Guine Portuguesa 68: 669 - 704." type="journal article" year="1962">Tendeiro, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) has been described from a bucerotiform host, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FB3EF9F1D2C0F907" author="Mey E." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="149 - 203" refId="ref20796" refString="Mey E. 2004. Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger 43: 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey (2004: 200)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
doubted the authenticity of this record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6B7656FFFC4E962FF6DF915D3F6FC55" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E965FF6DF915D31EF94D" blockId="3.[189,303,1720,1746]" box="[189,303,1720,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="A55A8188FFC4E965FF6DF915D31EF94D" bold="true" box="[189,303,1720,1746]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FF6DF915D31EF94D" bold="true" box="[189,303,1720,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC4E962FF6DF94AD725FED9" blockId="3.[189,1400,1767,2004]" lastBlockId="4.[189,1399,265,327]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
All species described herein key to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FD35F94AD15FF89E" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[741,878,1767,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FD35F94AD15FF89E" box="[741,878,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the key of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC4E965FBC7F94AD697F89E" author="Mey E." box="[1047,1190,1767,1793]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="149 - 203" refId="ref20796" refString="Mey E. 2004. Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger 43: 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on having both trabecula and coni, an extensive hyaline margin, dorsal anterior plates that are longer than wide, and ventral carinae that are not recurved towards the preantennal nodi. However, other characters are quite variable among the species described here, and ascertaining homologous structures can be difficult, especially in the male genitalia. Moreover, one distinguishing character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC4E965FBE0F8DED688F812" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1072,1209,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FBE0F8DED688F812" box="[1072,1209,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Mey’s key is the similarity in the length of the
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FD95F835D0ACF82E" box="[581,669,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">os, pos,</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC4E965FD07F83AD11DF82E" box="[727,812,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mts1–3</emphasis>
|
||
; yet, the relative lengths of these setae vary in the species treated here. The number and position of sensilla of the postantennal head also vary between species. Most likely, this variation corresponds to deep divisions between different groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FB3EFEA4D3A2FED9" authority="sensu Mey (2004)" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FB3EFEA4D746FEBC" box="[1262,1399,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC3E962FED5FE80D3A2FED9" author="Mey E." box="[261,403,300,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="149 - 203" refId="ref20796" refString="Mey E. 2004. Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger 43: 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some of which may ultimately be considered different genera or subgenera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC3E962FF6DFECAD746FD05" blockId="4.[188,1399,358,666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FE5AFECBD022FE1F" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[394,531,358,384]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FE5AFECBD022FE1F" box="[394,531,358,384]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are inadequately described, with much of the description being based on measurements, and most of the illustrations being of characters of limited taxonomic value (prosternal plates, shape of trabecula, single tergopleurites with only some of the setae illustrated). Finding suitable species to compare potential new species with is, therefore, often difficult. Here, we primarily compare our new species with other species from the same, or a closely related host family. In cases where known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FE90FDBBD3F8FDAF" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[320,457,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FE90FDBBD3F8FDAF" box="[320,457,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the same host family are clearly very different (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FB52FDBBD746FDAF" authority="Gustafsson & Najer & Zou & Bush, 2022" authorityName="Gustafsson & Najer & Zou & Bush" authorityYear="2022" box="[1154,1399,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afropari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FB52FDBBD746FDAF" box="[1154,1399,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus afropari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7EA578DFFC3E962FF6DFD97D32DFDCB" box="[189,284,570,596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), or where no species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FD99FD94D0E3FDCC" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[585,722,569,595]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FD99FD94D0E3FDCC" box="[585,722,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described from the same host family, we expanded our comparison to species from other host families, principally ones in the same geographical region. In some cases (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FE57FD2DD068FD05" authority="Gustafsson & Najer & Zou & Bush, 2022" authorityName="Gustafsson & Najer & Zou & Bush" authorityYear="2022" box="[391,601,640,666]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebes" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FE57FD2DD068FD05" box="[391,601,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus hebes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7EA578DFFC3E962FD8FFD2DD08DFD05" box="[607,700,640,666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), no closely related species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FBCCFD2DD694FD05" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[1052,1189,640,666]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FBCCFD2DD694FD05" box="[1052,1189,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were identifiable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE1236E4FFC3E962FF6DFD17D3F6FC55" blockId="4.[187,1399,697,970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
We also referred to the species groups proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC3E962FCE5FD14D687FD4B" author="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A." box="[821,1206,697,724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="261 - 317" refId="ref22300" refString="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A. 1976. Systematische Studien an den europaischen Arten der Gattungen Philopterus und Docophorulus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae). II. Teil. Die Gattung Docophorus Eichler. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 261 - 317." type="journal article" year="1976">Złotorzycka & Lucińska (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; however, these species group are of limited use as they only include Central European species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FBB5FD70D6DFFD68" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[1125,1262,733,759]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FBB5FD70D6DFFD68" box="[1125,1262,733,759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the morphological characters on which these species groups are based are sometimes hard to interpret, differ somewhat between species groups, and are of limited or unknown phylogenetic utility. Finally, all illustrations and descriptions in Złotorzycka’s publications (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC3E962FC0FFCEBD773FCFE" author="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A." box="[991,1346,838,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="261 - 317" refId="ref22300" refString="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A. 1976. Systematische Studien an den europaischen Arten der Gattungen Philopterus und Docophorulus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae). II. Teil. Die Gattung Docophorus Eichler. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 261 - 317." type="journal article" year="1976">Złotorzycka & Lucińska 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are partial and poor, and not all species are illustrated. Nevertheless, the partial revisions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FB1FFCC4D769FC1C" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[1231,1368,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FB1FFCC4D769FC1C" box="[1231,1368,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC3E962FF6EFC20D001FC37" author="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A." box="[190,560,909,936]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="261 - 317" refId="ref22300" refString="Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A. 1976. Systematische Studien an den europaischen Arten der Gattungen Philopterus und Docophorulus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae). II. Teil. Die Gattung Docophorus Eichler. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 261 - 317." type="journal article" year="1976">Złotorzycka & Lucińska (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A3C4B15FFC3E962FDB9FC20D17DFC37" author="Zlotorzycka J." box="[617,844,909,936]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="401 - 435" refId="ref22198" refString="Zlotorzycka J. 1964. Mallophaga parasitizing Passeriformes and Pici III. Philopterinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 12: 401 - 435." type="journal article" year="1964">Złotorzycka (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are the only published attempts to structure the species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39AD4D67FFC3E962FEE7FC1DD3F1FC55" authorityName="Nitzsch, 1818 sensu Mey" authorityYear="2004" box="[311,448,944,970]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9EAF6FFC3E962FEE7FC1DD3F1FC55" box="[311,448,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |