232 lines
29 KiB
XML
232 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="5A8AD6CB8A11972CF282E1359555CA9E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182734" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c7a17bb-e766-45ef-81ef-603405a7bac2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182734" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459875705479" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zahniser, James N." docDate="2008" docId="517D87DACF54AE03FF35F8FF99D3F8DC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01808p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1808" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Leofa Distant 1918" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="AD44FFA2CF53AE0AFFA2FFF1981EFFDA" masterDocTitle="Seven new species and new distributions of Old World Chiasmini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), with a redescription, key to genera, and species checklist for the tribe" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698226976130" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C7E5F3B15DC1AEE466AF633775F45C8C">
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<mods:title id="D4E47BA93D3D0AD85C2CF55DC8154214">Seven new species and new distributions of Old World Chiasmini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), with a redescription, key to genera, and species checklist for the tribe</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4D2DDC3956F2E9CCBF92450754F0EBA4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B853B897762C13B19D67B87F78E68EAB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1D1319A913CE43BFE09EC01D84ACB9CA">Zahniser, James N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C7290207885C85906952A1299342CAE6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D9E50C1C2826554BC06D9B11A5C62DF7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FF3657FCE665689D3C6AE862DE4E56D0">
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<mods:date id="D25B2885D9165C3923B5A7031443122C">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5D7A1BFF216823C77BD7B00ECEEF5CA3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5B2B51E71E74A96B3A5CB202B51907A1">1808</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A8BDA94A15C91BF5D3500E719424D1E9">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="66B803949156167B6936721A3F6FC2F5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6BA42049D2AD8C910923AAB205C7B965" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182734</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2BF562A760B99CB1F418B0E7DCB3BDDF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5CBCA9A27EC07AE713C7B353E6306304" type="Zenodo-Dep">182734</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="517D87DACF54AE03FF35F8FF99D3F8DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6234112" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119370021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6234112" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:517D87DACF54AE03FF35F8FF99D3F8DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/517D87DACF54AE03FF35F8FF99D3F8DC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="91CE6547CF54AE0DFF35F8FF999FF8F2" box="[151,385,1806,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF54AE0DFF35F8FF999FF8F2" blockId="7.[151,385,1806,1832]" box="[151,385,1806,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="822381A0CF54AE0DFF35F8FF999FF8F2" bold="true" box="[151,385,1806,1832]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF54AE0DFF35F8FF999FF8F2" ID-CoL="8HLGL" authority="Distant 1918" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,385,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF35F8FF999FF8F2" bold="true" box="[151,385,1806,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF35F8FF98C3F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,221,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Leofa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF54AE0DFF46F8FF999FF8F2" author="Distant" box="[228,385,1806,1832]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Distant, W. L. (1918) Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. Ed. A. E. Shipley & G. A. K. Marshall, 7, 210 pp." type="book" year="1918">Distant 1918</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="91CE6547CF54AE0DFF35F8A89A13F829" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF54AE0DFF35F8A89B9EF8AA" blockId="7.[151,896,1881,1905]" box="[151,896,1881,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="066F886ECF54AE0DFF35F8A898D2F8AA" box="[151,204,1881,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF54AE0DFE8EF8AB9A66F8AA" authority="Distant 1918" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1918" box="[300,632,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysorensis">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFE8EF8AB99FBF8AB" box="[300,485,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Leofa mysorensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF54AE0DFE4EF8A89A66F8AA" author="Distant" box="[492,632,1881,1904]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Distant, W. L. (1918) Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. Ed. A. E. Shipley & G. A. K. Marshall, 7, 210 pp." type="book" year="1918">Distant 1918</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF54AE0DFF35F86D9A3FF869" blockId="7.[151,749,1947,2035]" box="[151,545,1947,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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=
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF04F86D9900F869" box="[166,286,1948,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Oneratulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF54AE0DFE86F86D99A9F869" author="Vilbaste" box="[292,439,1948,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" refString="Vilbaste, J. (1975) On some species of Homoptera Cicadinea described by V. Motchulsky. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised, 24, Biologia No. 3, 228 - 236." type="journal article" year="1975">Vilbaste 1975</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFE1CF86A9A3FF869" bold="true" box="[446,545,1947,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF54AE0DFF35F84A9A13F829" blockId="7.[151,749,1947,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF35F84A98B8F809" bold="true" box="[151,166,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">=</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF04F84D9901F809" box="[166,287,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prasutagus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF54AE0DFE84F84D99B1F809" author="Distant" box="[294,431,1980,2003]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Distant, W. L. (1918) Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. Ed. A. E. Shipley & G. A. K. Marshall, 7, 210 pp." type="book" year="1918">Distant 1918</bibRefCitation>
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Oriental, Palearctic
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFD28F84A9AF3F809" bold="true" box="[650,749,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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=
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFF04F82D990AF829" box="[166,276,2012,2035]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tortotettix</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF54AE0DFEB9F82D99BDF829" author="Theron" box="[283,419,2012,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" refString="Theron, J. G. (1982) Grassland leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Natal, South Africa, with descriptions of new genera and species. Phytophylactica, 14, 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1982">Theron 1982</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF54AE0DFE08F82A9A13F829" bold="true" box="[426,525,2011,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="8DAB6644CF5BAE02FF35FBA29AC9FB57" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182736/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[177,1409,194,1071]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5BAE02FF35FBA29AC9FB57" blockId="8.[151,1436,1107,1165]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FF35FBA2994EFBB1" bold="true" box="[151,336,1107,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURES 9–13.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5BAE02FEF4FBA29A09FBB0" box="[342,535,1107,1130]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pratura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graminea">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FEF4FBA29A09FBB0" box="[342,535,1107,1130]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pratura graminea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 9: first valvula; 10: detail of first valvula dorsal sculpturing; 11: second valvula; 12: detail of second valvula teeth; 13: female sternite VII.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="91CE6547CF5BAE03FF35FB129BB8FF00" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5BAE02FF35FB129BD6FB27" blockId="8.[151,1437,1251,2037]" box="[151,968,1251,1277]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FF35FB129952FB27" bold="true" box="[151,332,1251,1277]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Redescription.</emphasis>
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(modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF5BAE02FDADFB129BA1FB27" author="Viraktamath" box="[527,959,1251,1277]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" refString="Viraktamath, C. A. and S. Viraktamath (1992) Revision of the deltocephaline leafhoppers of the grass-feeding genus Leofa Distant (Insecta, Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, 55, 1 - 12. Zahniser, J. N. and C. H. Dietrich (2008) Phylogeny of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) and related subfamilies based on morphology. Systematics and Biodiversity, 6, 1 - 24. Zahniser, J. N. and A. Hicks. (2007) Three new species of Icaia Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Peru and distinction of the genus from Athysanella Baker. Zootaxa, 1390, 27 - 29." type="journal article" year="1992">Viraktamath and Viraktamath [1992]</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5BAE03FF64FAFA9BB8FF00" blockId="8.[151,1437,1251,2037]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Ochraceous to yellow with dark brown and black markings, or completely black. Head narrower than or as wide as pronotum. Pronotum short, with or without lateral carina. Disc of vertex concave to convex, glabrous to finely striated. Transition from vertex to frons often distinct, the latter slightly inflated. Crown rounded to face. Ocelli small, slightly dorsal, close to eye. Frontoclypeus shagreen to glabrous, longer than width. Clypellus broad, tapering to apex. Forewings brachypterous with reticulated venation or coriaceous, or submacropterous and with milky white veins usually bordered with brown and with distinct yellow to white coloration continuing from pronotum and following claval suture and/or A1 vein, or very rarely macropterous and with appendix extending around apex. Profemur (
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<figureCitation id="41EF2A49CF5BAE02FC85F9D29B63F9E7" box="[807,893,1571,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="9.[151,255,737,761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,266,710]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,266,711]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 14. Leofa pulchellus. 14: profemur, anteriorly." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182737/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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) row AV setae relatively long; row AM with AM1 plus several extra proximal setae; intercalary row with 4–5 smaller setae distally and with 2–3 very long and thicker setae proximally, longer setae partially encroaching on row AV. Profemur generally with many extra small hairs.
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<collectingCountry id="A1C3765CCF5BAE02FED4F96A99AFF96F" box="[374,433,1691,1717]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hind</collectingCountry>
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femur formula 2+2+1+1 or 2+2+1. Male pygofer setose, sometimes with modified lobes. Subgenital plates long and triangular to short and truncate, with macrosetae near lateral or apical margin and/or scattered, often with other smaller hairs. Connective V-shaped, without stem or with very short stem. Style broadly bilobed basally; apophysis falcate to rounded and expanded with rugose or stippled sculpturing. Aedeagus variable, with 4
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<typeStatus id="066F886ECF5BAE02FD8CF8CA9A72F88F" box="[558,620,1851,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">types</typeStatus>
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distinguished here: 1) simple, with a basal stalk (subgenus
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FA8AF8CD98DDF8A7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Edmundiana</emphasis>
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); 2) modified dorsal aedeagal shaft— very broad laterally, often with a pair of basal processes, often with a caudal hood forming a lateral deep groove, and with a long recurved ventral appendage which articulates with aedeagal shaft and with connective (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5BAE02FD5EF8459B21F817" box="[764,831,1972,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FD5EF8459B21F817" box="[764,831,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Leofa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); 3) as in
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<typeStatus id="066F886ECF5BAE02FC1EF8429BF1F817" box="[956,1007,1971,1997]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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2, but dorsal aedeagal shaft simple, recurved, and with 2 pairs of lateral flanges (subgenus
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5BAE02FC8CF82D9BADF82F" box="[814,947,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prasutagus</emphasis>
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); 4) asymmetrical, with two apical teeth and one tooth on shaft (subgenus
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FD96FF699AB3FF6B" box="[564,685,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tortotettix</emphasis>
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). Male segment X strongly sclerotized dorsally and laterally, sometimes modified. Female genitalia as described for Chiasmini.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="8DAB6644CF5AAE03FF35FD109AEFFD23" box="[151,753,737,761]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182737/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[151,1436,266,710]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5AAE03FF35FD109AEFFD23" blockId="9.[151,753,737,761]" box="[151,753,737,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF35FD109938FD23" bold="true" box="[151,294,737,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FE8FFD1399C0FD23" box="[301,478,738,761]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE8FFD1399C0FD23" box="[301,478,738,761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa pulchellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 14: profemur, anteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="91CE6547CF5AAE03FF64FCA599D3F8DC" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5AAE03FF64FCA59C75FA44" blockId="9.[151,1437,852,1798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF64FCA5994CFCB4" bold="true" box="[198,338,852,878]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Discussion.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FEC2FCA499FAFCB4" box="[352,484,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Oneratulus</emphasis>
|
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,
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE50FCA49A69FCB4" box="[498,631,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prasutagus</emphasis>
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, and
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FD1AFCA49B2FFCB4" box="[696,817,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tortotettix</emphasis>
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are synonymized here based on the characters of the profemur, V-shaped connective, and strongly sclerotized male segment X shared with other described members of
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FF4FFC549931FC64" box="[237,303,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF4FFC549931FC64" box="[237,303,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The intercalary row of the profemur of
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FCAFFC549B4EFC64" box="[781,848,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FCAFFC549B4EFC64" box="[781,848,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinctive, although similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FA8FFC549D85FC64" box="[1325,1435,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Exitianus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FA8FFC549D85FC64" box="[1325,1435,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exitianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FF68FC3C994FFC3C" box="[202,337,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nephotettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF68FC3C994FFC3C" box="[202,337,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nephotettix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FE29FC3C99D0FC3C" box="[395,462,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE29FC3C99D0FC3C" box="[395,462,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the most proximal 2 or 3 setae are much longer and thicker than the distal setae, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FF4EFC049945FBD4" box="[236,347,1013,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Exitianus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF4EFC049945FBD4" box="[236,347,1013,1038]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exitianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FE3BFC049A3EFBD4" box="[409,544,1013,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nephotettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE3BFC049A3EFBD4" box="[409,544,1013,1038]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nephotettix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is a more gradual transition from smaller distal setae to longer and thicker proximal setae. Also, there are usually 9–15 total intercalary row setae in
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FBFFFBEC9CCAFBEC" box="[1117,1236,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exititanus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FAAFFBEC9D8AFBEC" box="[1293,1428,1053,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nephotettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FAAFFBEC9D8AFBEC" box="[1293,1428,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nephotettix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while there are typically 6–8 total setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FD2EFBB49AD1FB84" box="[652,719,1093,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FD2EFBB49AD1FB84" box="[652,719,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The distinctive ventral appendage of the aedeagus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FAFBFBB49D85FB84" box="[1369,1435,1093,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FAFBFBB49D85FB84" box="[1369,1435,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF68FB9C9951FB5C" box="[202,335,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prasutagus</emphasis>
|
||
and the similar color pattern and white or cream colored stripe on the clavus of
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FAB4FB9C9D82FB5C" box="[1302,1436,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prasutagus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF6BFB64995CFB74" box="[201,322,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tortotettix</emphasis>
|
||
also suggest a relationship between them.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF5AAE03FCE6FB659C3CFB74" box="[836,1058,1172,1198]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" refString="Oman, P. W., W. J. Knight, & M. W. Nielson (1990) Leafhoppers (Cicadellidae): a bibliography, generic check-list, and index to the world literature 1956 - 1985. CAB International Institute of Entomology, Wallingford, UK, 368 pp." type="book chapter">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1C3765CCF5AAE03FCE6FB659B92FB74" box="[836,908,1172,1198]" name="Oman" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al. (1990)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FB3AFB649CC5FB74" box="[1176,1243,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FB3AFB649CC5FB74" box="[1176,1243,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FAA3FB659D86FB74" box="[1281,1432,1172,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cicadellinae">Cicadellinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FF35FB4D9976FB0C" box="[151,360,1212,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Anoterostemmini">Anoterostemmini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF5AAE03FED8FB4D9B37FB0C" author="Viraktamath" box="[378,809,1212,1238]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" refString="Viraktamath, C. A. and S. Viraktamath (1992) Revision of the deltocephaline leafhoppers of the grass-feeding genus Leofa Distant (Insecta, Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, 55, 1 - 12. Zahniser, J. N. and C. H. Dietrich (2008) Phylogeny of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) and related subfamilies based on morphology. Systematics and Biodiversity, 6, 1 - 24. Zahniser, J. N. and A. Hicks. (2007) Three new species of Icaia Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Peru and distinction of the genus from Athysanella Baker. Zootaxa, 1390, 27 - 29." type="journal article" year="1992">Viraktamath and Viraktamath (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discussed its potential relationship to Stenometopiini and to Chiasmini, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD454B3DCF5AAE03FE02FB159B57FB24" box="[416,841,1252,1278]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Chalam, M. S. V. and V. Ramasubba Rao (2005) Description of a new species belonging to the genus Leofa Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from India. Zootaxa, 808, 1 - 4." type="journal article">Chalam and Ramasubba Rao (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed it in Stenometopiini. However, despite not having the characteristic hinged aedeagus of most other Chiasmini, the characters of the female genitalia described for Chiasmini above suggest that the genus belongs here. Additionally, preliminary DNA sequence data (unpublished) suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FDAFFAAC9A4EFAAC" box="[525,592,1373,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FDAFFAAC9A4EFAAC" box="[525,592,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FCE6FAAC9BADFAAC" box="[836,947,1373,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Exitianus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FCE6FAAC9BADFAAC" box="[836,947,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exitianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FC4FFAAC9C6AFAAC" box="[1005,1140,1373,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nephotettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FC4FFAAC9C6AFAAC" box="[1005,1140,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nephotettix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus forming a group of Chiasmini with the anterior arms of the connective not closely appressed anteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5AAE03FF64FA5D99BBF96C" blockId="9.[151,1437,852,1798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The discovery of species in Africa and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1C3765CCF5AAE03FD3CFA5D9AFFFA1C" box="[670,737,1452,1478]" name="Spain" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
greatly expands its known range, which is now somewhat similar to the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FE02FA2499E3FA34" box="[416,509,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pratura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE02FA2499E3FA34" box="[416,509,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pratura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed here. Given the large amount of morphological diversity between the known species, its broad geographical range, and the high incidence of brachyptery potentially predisposing species to high endemicity, the actual diversity of this genus is likely much greater than that which is known. Sub-Saharan Africa contains members of three of the four subgenera recognized here, while other regions contain only one, suggesting that Africa harbors a higher diversity than other regions, and is possibly the area of origin for the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D96B36CCCF5AAE03FF64F93499D3F8DC" blockId="9.[151,1437,852,1798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF64F9349952F904" box="[198,332,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prasutagus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE2FF9349A1AF904" box="[397,516,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tortotettix</emphasis>
|
||
are considered subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ED44D4FCF5AAE03FCD1F9349BA8F904" box="[883,950,1733,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Leofa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FCD1F9349BA8F904" box="[883,950,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, along with the nominal subgenus, and
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FF35F91C9933F8DC" box="[151,301,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Edmundiana</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBA0EADECF5AAE03FE96F91D99D3F8DC" bold="true" box="[308,461,1772,1798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">subgen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |