144 lines
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144 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="9AA413DE4994797F3F63B04E2CB64DE3" ID-DOI="10.26879/1220" ID-ISSN="1094-8074" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10962250" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1712859670786" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Jacisin Iii, John J. & Lawing, A. Michelle" docDate="2024" docId="03B387E8FFA732048797FA499D52FCFB" docLanguage="en" docName="PalaeontolElectron.27.1.a2.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeontologia Electronica (a 2) 27 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1220" docStyle="DocumentStyle:322FC57CC99045555090E8A84CFB029A.4:PalaeontolElectron.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="322FC57CC99045555090E8A84CFB029A" docStyleName="PalaeontolElectron.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Salvadora Baird and Girard 1853" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FF8AFF90FFA8320B8770FFDA9964FFD9" masterDocTitle="Fossil snakes of the Penny Creek Local Fauna from Webster County, Nebraska, USA, and the first record of snakes from the Early Clarendonian (12.5 - 12 Ma) of North America" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1715215045661" updateUser="admin" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="25B90BA60504B0289D98D9658B483F7B">Fossil snakes of the Penny Creek Local Fauna from Webster County, Nebraska, USA, and the first record of snakes from the Early Clarendonian (12.5 - 12 Ma) of North America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8B24902633F6D840ED16470F1F9AA4C1">Jacisin Iii, John J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="90BB740BC7507466CC94E328EAF0736D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8181681FD21438714A76D504CF2D4A76">Lawing, A. Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FDCE0CAFA6CAE6F8084B70B07B6AF97D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0184150244AA5F82EA5A5F57645DF9C2">Palaeontologia Electronica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="218B846F336DBEBAC1ED861BEE0998E3">
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<mods:date id="EEF9673D2221869AAA7B4E9A6590303A">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="4676D1B392F2DAF12FBBE2A3608E8C57">a 2</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="26A2378B8F243C4E36DA5862452662EA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A7F996AD3C201F6103E277A85F872E6F">27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="42515D9808BB3557079BA63ADF7D2EEB">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="37EF64DB5E6305139CD620FAC1C3511E">http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1220</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="135E7A06E47101547D5B5D42F9C225F5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EEFE17499BA45171A6CB0CBEF533F77C" type="DOI">10.26879/1220</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="83A750938C04082C3E7F054FA6F0E421" type="ISSN">1094-8074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FDE21186565D0910FC571A227F15C33A" type="Zenodo-Dep">10962250</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B387E8FFA732048797FA499D52FCFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B387E8FFA732048797FA499D52FCFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B387E8FFA732048797FA499D52FCFB" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C3006575FFA732048797FA499B95FA75" box="[231,753,1427,1453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA536FEFFA732048797FA499B95FA75" blockId="15.[231,753,1427,1453]" box="[231,753,1427,1453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D0ED8192FFA732048797FA499B95FA75" box="[231,753,1427,1453]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA73204864CFA499B95FA75" ID-CoL="7BZN" ID-ENA="4325" authority="Baird and Girard, 1853" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[316,753,1427,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA73204864CFA4998B8FA75" box="[316,476,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">SALVADORA</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B0FFFA732048694FA499B95FA75" author="Baird, S. F. & Girard, C." box="[484,753,1427,1453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref17727" refString="Baird, S. F. and Girard, C. 1853. Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part I. Serpentes. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 2: v - xvi + 172 p." year="1853">Baird and Girard, 1853</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3006575FFA7320487B0FA6498D8F96E" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA536FEFFA7320487B0FA6498D8F96E" blockId="15.[192,793,1470,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320487B0FA649823FA0E" bold="true" box="[192,327,1470,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Generally,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320486A1FA649B2DFA0E" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[465,585,1470,1495]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320486A1FA649B2DFA0E" box="[465,585,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Salvadora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be identified by the combination of the following characters: (1) a thin, relatively low neural spine that gets shorter posteriorly through the trunk region; (2) obsolete to absent epizygapophyseal spines; (3) vertebrae that are approximately as wide as they are long; and (4) dorsally convex subcentral ridge in lateral view (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B0FFFA732048673F94498D5F96E" author="Holman, J. A." box="[259,433,1694,1719]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="125 - 134" refId="ref19674" refString="Holman, J. A. 1973. Reptiles of the Egelhoff local fauna (upper Miocene) of Nebraska. Contributions of the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, 24: 125 - 134." type="journal article" year="1973">Holman, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3006575FFA7320487B0F9649D52FCFB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA536FEFFA7320487B0F9649D52FCFB" blockId="15.[192,793,1470,1911]" lastBlockId="15.[840,1441,169,802]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320487B0F964985CF90E" bold="true" box="[192,312,1726,1751]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The delicate neural spine and invariably thin hemal keel is similar to that found in other North American colubrids such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048528F9249BD1F8CE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[600,693,1790,1815]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048528F9249BD1F8CE" box="[600,693,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Coluber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320485ADF924987EF8EE" authorityName="Baird & Girard" authorityYear="1853" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Masticophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320485ADF924987EF8EE" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Masticophis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320486EEF8C49B72F8EE" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[414,534,1822,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320486EEF8C49B72F8EE" box="[414,534,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Salvadora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be identified separately from those taxa on the basis of a proportionally shorter vertebra that appears to be nearly as wide as it is long, whereas the other two taxa appear elongate, more dorsally convex subcentral ridges, and obsolete to absent epizygapophyseal spines.
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048348FED39C06FEFB" box="[1080,1378,265,290]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048348FED39DBCFEFB" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1080,1240,265,290]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pantherophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pantherophis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA73204839EFED39C3BFEFB" authorityName="Holbrook" authorityYear="1842" box="[1262,1375,265,290]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pituophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pituophis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048438FEF39A84FE9B" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[840,992,297,322]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048438FEF39A84FE9B" box="[840,992,297,322]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Lampropeltis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possess more robust and relatively wider vertebrae with less delicate neural spines and broader hemal keels than those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048251FEB29CFDFE58" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[1313,1433,360,385]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048251FEB29CFDFE58" box="[1313,1433,360,385]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Salvadora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B0FFFA732048438FE539D4AFE7B" author="Jurestovsky, D. J." box="[840,1070,393,418]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="422 - 431" refId="ref20855" refString="Jurestovsky, D. J. 2021. Small Colubroids from the Late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site of Northeastern Tennessee. Journal of Herpetology, 55: 422 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1670 / 21 - 008" type="journal article" year="2021">Jurestovsky (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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also noted that extant
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048224FE529A19FE1B" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048224FE529A19FE1B" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Salvadora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ from
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048372FE729C73FE1B" box="[1026,1303,424,450]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048372FE729DE9FE18" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1843" box="[1026,1165,424,449]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Carphophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Carphophis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320483E9FE739C76FE1B" authorityName="Baird & Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[1177,1298,425,450]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Diadophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diadophis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048222FE729A1EFE3B" baseAuthorityName="Jurestovsky" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gyalopion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048222FE729A1EFE3B" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gyalopion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in possessing longer, more pointed accessory processes and a uniformly thinner hemal keel.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048438FDD29AB4FDF8" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1843" box="[840,976,520,545]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Carphophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048438FDD29AB4FDF8" box="[840,976,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Carphophis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also possesses a narrower zygosphene, more elongate centrum, a shorter neural spine, less laterally directed postzygapophyses, and a less dorsoventrally tall cotyle (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B0FFFA73204827BFDB39AEDFD7B" author="Jurestovsky, D. J." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="422 - 431" refId="ref20855" refString="Jurestovsky, D. J. 2021. Small Colubroids from the Late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site of Northeastern Tennessee. Journal of Herpetology, 55: 422 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1670 / 21 - 008" type="journal article" year="2021">Jurestovsky, 2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320484EEFD529D72FD78" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[926,1046,648,673]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Salvadora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320484EEFD529D72FD78" box="[926,1046,648,673]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Salvadora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has less robust postzygapophyses than
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA7320484CDFD739D57FD1B" authorityName="Baird & Girard" authorityYear="1853" box="[957,1075,681,706]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Diadophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA7320484CDFD739D57FD1B" box="[957,1075,681,706]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diadophis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and possesses a more elongate centra, a taller neural spine, and a dorsoventrally taller cotyle than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D7DFFA732048258FD329D56FCFB" authority="(Jurestovsky, 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Jurestovsky" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gyalopion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEAECFFA732048258FD329CC4FCDB" box="[1320,1440,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gyalopion</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B0FFFA73204843EFCD39D4FFCFB" author="Jurestovsky, D. J." box="[846,1067,777,802]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="422 - 431" refId="ref20855" refString="Jurestovsky, D. J. 2021. Small Colubroids from the Late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site of Northeastern Tennessee. Journal of Herpetology, 55: 422 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1670 / 21 - 008" type="journal article" year="2021">Jurestovsky, 2021</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |